- published: 30 Oct 2007
- views: 11583515
Ethers ( /ˈiːθər/) are a class of organic compounds that contain an ether group — an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl or aryl groups — of general formula R–O–R'. A typical example is the solvent and anesthetic diethyl ether, commonly referred to simply as "ether" (CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3). Ethers are common in organic chemistry and pervasive in biochemistry, as they are common linkages in carbohydrates and lignin.
Ethers feature C-O-C linkage defined by a bond angle of about 104.5° and C-O distances of about 140 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C-O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.
Oxygen is more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens alpha to ethers are more acidic than in simple hydrocarbons. They are far less acidic than hydrogens alpha to carbonyl groups (such as in ketones or aldehydes), however.
1) Simple ethers or symmetrical ethers 2) Mixed ethers or asymmetrical ethers
Shawn Corey Carter (born December 4, 1969), better known by his stage name Jay-Z, is an American rapper, songwriter, record producer, entrepreneur, and occasional actor. He is one of the most financially successful hip hop artists and entrepreneurs in America, having a net worth of over $450 million as of 2011.He has sold approximately 50 million albums worldwide, while receiving fourteen Grammy Awards for his musical work, and numerous additional nominations. He is consistently ranked as one of the greatest rappers of all-time. He was ranked #1 by MTV in their list of The Greatest MCs of All-Time in 2006. Two of his albums, Reasonable Doubt (1996) and The Blueprint (2001) are considered landmarks in the genre with both of them being ranked in Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time. Blender included the former on their 500 CDs You Must Own Before You Die.
Jay-Z co-owns the 40/40 Club, is part-owner of the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and is also the creator of the line Rocawear. He is the former CEO of Def Jam Recordings, one of the three founders of Roc-A-Fella Records, and the founder of Roc Nation. As an artist, he holds the record for most number one albums by a solo artist on the Billboard 200 with eleven. Jay-Z also has had four number ones on the Billboard Hot 100, one as lead artist.
Dwayne Michael Carter, Jr. (born September 27, 1982), better known by his stage name Lil Wayne, is an American rapper. At the age of nine, Lil Wayne joined Cash Money Records as the youngest member of the label, and half of the duo, The B.G.'z, with B.G.. In 1997, Lil Wayne joined the group Hot Boys, which also included rappers Juvenile, B.G., and Young Turk. Hot Boys debuted with Get It How U Live! that year. Lil Wayne gained most of his success with the group's major selling album Guerrilla Warfare, released in 1999. Also in 1999, Lil Wayne released his Platinum debut album Tha Block Is Hot, selling over one million copies in the U.S.
Although his next two albums Lights Out (2000) and 500 Degreez (2002) were not as successful (only reaching Gold status), Lil Wayne reached higher popularity in 2004 with Tha Carter, which included the single "Go D.J." Wayne also appeared on the Destiny's Child top ten single "Soldier" that year. In 2005, the sequel to Tha Carter, Tha Carter II, was released. In 2006 and 2007, Lil Wayne released several mixtapes and appeared on several popular rap and R&B singles. His most successful album, Tha Carter III, was released in 2008 and sold over 1 million copies in the U.S. its first week of release. It included the number-one single "Lollipop" featuring Static Major. It also includes the singles "A Milli" and "Got Money" featuring T-Pain and won the Grammy Award for Best Rap Album.
Actors: Jaret Sacrey (editor), Jaret Sacrey (producer), Jaret Sacrey (writer), Jaret Sacrey (director), Eric Larkin (actor), Gillian Brashear (actress), Gillian Brashear (writer), Patricia Ageheim (actress), Ron Riegler (actor), Jason Sacrey (actor), James Berkowitz (actor), Jason Sacrey (producer), Jason Sacrey (writer), Michael Dubin (composer), Michael Dubin (actor),
Plot: Sally-Sarah arrives at this strange place, a shadow of her yesterdays. After a car crash takes her life, she encounters provoking characters, personifications of her own psyche in its stages of dying. Her journey is to integrate these broken selves to release herself from the despair of Purgatory so as to embrace acceptance and then transcendence.
Keywords: deathActors: Alessandra de Rossi (actress), Iza Calzado (actress), Dingdong Dantes (actor), Dawn Zulueta (actress), Sunshine Dizon (actress), Ian Veneracion (actor), Jennylyn Mercado (actress), Angel Aquino (actress), Pen Medina (actor), Raymond Bagatsing (actor), Richard Gomez (actor), Mark A. Reyes (director), Suzette Doctolero (writer), Benjie Paras (actor), Alfred Vargas (actor),
Plot: The final conclusion to the well-loved Encantadia series. The story starts a year after the sanggre sisters returned from the past where they successfully destroyed the kingdom of Etheria. In a celebration that marked the birth of Sapiro's newest princess, Mine-a returned and gave her daughters a warning. As they battle a past that continues to haunt them... who will survive? And who will continue Pirena, Amihan, Alena and Danaya's legacy?
Keywords: king, princess, queen, sequel, third-partActors: Alessandra de Rossi (actress), Sunshine Dizon (actress), Angel Aquino (actress), Iza Calzado (actress), Dingdong Dantes (actor), Raymond Bagatsing (actor), Neil Ryan Sese (actor), Gary Estrada (actor), Daniel Fernando (actor), Tirso Cruz III (actor), Noni Buencamino (actor), Dennis Trillo (actor), Tonton Gutierrez (actor), Glydel Mercado (actress), Ryan Eigenmann (actor),
Genres: Action, Adventure, Fantasy,