- published: 30 Apr 2011
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Pierre Laval (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ laval]; 28 June 1883 – 15 October 1945) was a French politician. He was four times President of the council of ministers of the Third Republic, twice consecutively.
Following France's surrender and Armistice with Germany in 1940, he served twice in the Vichy Regime as head of government. He signed orders permitting the deportation of foreign Jews from French soil to the Nazi death camps.
After Liberation (1945), Laval was arrested by the French government under General Charles de Gaulle, found guilty of high treason, and executed by firing squad. The controversy surrounding his political activities has generated a dozen biographies.
Laval was born 28 June 1883 at Châteldon, Puy-de-Dôme, in the northern part of Auvergne. His father worked in the village as a café proprietor, butcher and postman; he also owned a vineyard and horses. Laval was educated at the village school in Châteldon. At age 15, he was sent to a Paris lycée to study for his baccalauréat. Returning south to Lyon, he spent the next year reading for a degree in zoology.
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (Italian pronunciation: [beˈniːto musːoˈliːni]; 29 July 1883 – 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician who led the National Fascist Party, ruling the country from 1922 to his ousting in 1943, and is credited with being one of the key figures in the creation of fascism.
Originally a member of the Italian Socialist Party and editor of the Avanti! from 1912 to 1914, Mussolini fought in World War I as an ardent nationalist and created the Fasci di Combattimento in 1919, catalyzing his nationalist and socialist beliefs in the Fascist Manifesto, published in 1921. Following the March on Rome in October 1922 he became the 27th Prime Minister of Italy and began using the title Il Duce by 1925, about which time he had established dictatorial authority by both legal and extraordinary means, aspiring to create a totalitarian state. After 1936, his official title was Sua Eccellenza Benito Mussolini, Capo del Governo, Duce del Fascismo e Fondatore dell'Impero ("His Excellency Benito Mussolini, Head of Government, Duce of Fascism, and Founder of the Empire") Mussolini also created and held the supreme military rank of First Marshal of the Empire along with King Victor Emmanuel III, which gave him and the King joint supreme control over the military of Italy. Mussolini remained in power until he was replaced in 1943; for a short period after this until his death, he was the leader of the Italian Social Republic.
Actors: Hervé Colombel (actor), Arnaud Hamelin (writer), Franck Neckebrock (actor), Laurent Portes (writer), Laurent Portes (director),
Genres: History,Actors: Nadia Barentin (actress), Armelle (actress), Catherine Allégret (actress), Udo Schenk (actor), Marc Rioufol (actor), Catherine Hosmalin (actress), Adolf Hitler (actor), Bernhard Schütz (actor), Jean Reno (actor), Jean-Michel Noirey (actor), Thierry Frémont (actor), Jean-Pierre Lorit (actor), Gad Elmaleh (actor), Christian Henson (composer), Sylvie Testud (actress),
Plot: 1942. Joseph is eleven. And this June morning, he must go to school, a yellow star sewn on his chest. He receives the support of a goods dealer. The mockery of a baker. Between kindness and contempt, Jo, his Jewish friends, their families, learn of life in an occupied Paris, on the Butte Montmartre, where they've taken shelter. At least that's what they think, until that morning on July 16th 1942, when their fragile happiness is toppled over. From the Vélodrome D'Hiver, where 13 000 Jews are crammed, to the camp of Beaune-La-Rolande, from Vichy to the terrace of the Berghof, La Rafle follows the real destinies of the victims and the executioners. Of those who orchestrated it all. Of those who trusted them. Of those who fled. Of those who opposed them. Every character in this film has existed. Every event, even the most extreme, transpired on that summer of 1942.
Keywords: 1940s, berghof-germany, eiffel-tower-paris, french-jew, german-occupation, germany, holocaust, holocaust-survivor, hunger-strike, jewActors: Angélique Nachon (composer), Yves Boisset (director), Jean-Claude Nachon (composer), Philippe Laudenbach (actor), Christophe Malavoy (actor), Yves Boisset (writer), Bernard-Pierre Donnadieu (actor), Jean Bouchaud (actor), Yves Collignon (actor), Julien Bukowski (actor), Didier Agostini (actor), Patrice Bertrand (actor), Alain Moreau (writer), Julien Johan (editor), Jean-Marc Boisset (actor),
Genres: History,Actors: Max Desrau (actor), Denis Manuel (actor), Jean-Claude Dreyfus (actor), Jacques Dufilho (actor), Vincent Grass (actor), Etienne Draber (actor), Roger Dumas (actor), Philippe Brigaud (actor), Götz Burger (actor), Jean-Pierre Cassel (actor), Pierre Aussedat (actor), Christian Charmetant (actor), Clovis Cornillac (actor), Max Morel (actor), Michel Modo (actor),
Genres: Drama, History,Actors: George M. Carleton (actor), James Carlisle (actor), Ernie Adams (actor), Monte Blue (actor), Sam Ash (actor), Eugene Borden (actor), Egon Brecher (actor), Herbert Ashley (actor), Hooper Atchley (actor), Fred Aldrich (actor), Felix Basch (actor), John Abbott (actor), Ted Billings (actor), Oliver Blake (actor), Maurice Cass (actor),
Plot: "Mission to Moscow" was made at the behest of F.D.R. in order to garner more support for the Soviet Union during WWII. It was from the book by Joseph E. Davies, former U.S. Ambassador To Russia. The movie covers the political machinations in Moscow just before the start of the war and presents Stalin's Russia in a very favorable light. So much so, that the movie was cited years later by the House Un-American Activities Commission and was largely responsible for the screenwriter, Howard Koch being Blacklisted.
Keywords: adirondack-mountains, airplane, ambassador, american-nazi, archival-footage, arrest, atrocity, ballet, banker, based-on-bookActors: Tito Davison (actor), Fred Malatesta (actor), Francisco Marán (actor), José Peña (actor), Carlos Villarías (actor), Lucio Villegas (actor), John Stone (producer), José López Rubio (writer), John Reinhardt (writer), Samuel Kaylin (composer), John Reinhardt (director), Romualdo Tirado (actor), María Calvo (actress), Romualdo Tirado (actor), Conchita Montenegro (actress),
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