Hafnium - Video Learning - WizScience.com
"Hafnium" is a chemical element with
symbol "Hf" and atomic number 72. A lustrous, silvery gray, tetravalent transition metal, hafnium chemically resembles zirconium and is found in zirconium minerals. Its existence was predicted by
Dmitri Mendeleev in
1869, though hafnium was not identified until 1923, making it the penultimate stable isotope element to be discovered . Hafnium is named after "
Hafnia", the
Latin name for
Copenhagen, where it was discovered.
Hafnium is used in filaments and electrodes. Some semiconductor fabrication processes use its oxide for integrated circuits at
45 nm and smaller feature lengths. Some superalloys used for special applications contain hafnium in combination with niobium, titanium, or tungsten.
Hafnium's large neutron capture cross-section makes it a good material for neutron absorption in control rods in nuclear power plants, but at the same time requires that it be removed from the neutron-transparent corrosion-resistant zirconium alloys used in nuclear reactors.
Hafnium is a shiny, silvery, ductile metal that is corrosion-resistant and chemically similar to zirconium . The physical properties of hafnium metal samples are markedly affected by zirconium impurities, especially the nuclear properties, as these two elements are among the most difficult to separate because of their chemical similarity.
A notable physical
difference between these metals is their density, with zirconium having about one-half the density of hafnium. The most notable nuclear properties of hafnium are its high thermal neutron-capture cross-section and that the nuclei of several different hafnium isotopes readily absorb two or more neutrons apiece. In contrast with this, zirconium is practically transparent to thermal neutrons, and it is commonly used for the metal components of nuclear reactors – especially the claddings of their nuclear fuel rods.
Wiz
Science™ is "the" learning channel for children and all ages.
SUBSCRIBE
TODAY
Disclaimer: This video is for your information only. The author or publisher does not guarantee the accuracy of the content presented in this video.
USE AT YOUR
OWN RISK.
Background Music:
"
The Place Inside" by
Silent Partner (royalty-free) from YouTube
Audio Library.
This video uses material/images from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium, which is released under
Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike
License 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ . This video is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ . To reuse/adapt the content in your own work, you must comply with the license terms.
Wiz Science™ is "the" learning channel for children and all ages.
SUBSCRIBE TODAY
Disclaimer: This video is for your information only. The author or publisher does not guarantee the accuracy of the content presented in this video. USE AT YOUR OWN RISK.
Background Music:
"The Place Inside" by Silent Partner (royalty-free) from YouTube Audio Library.
This video uses material/images from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafnium, which is released under Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ . This video is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ . To reuse/adapt the content in your own work, you must comply with the license terms.