Chris Charlton, MP, MA (born July 4, 1963) is a German-born, Canadian politician from the City of Hamilton, Ontario. As a New Democrat, she has served as the Member of Parliament for Hamilton Mountain since 2006.

Charlton was born in Dortmund, Germany and immigrated to Canada with her parents in 1975.

First attending the University of Western Ontario for undergraduate studies, Charlton moved to McMaster University to pursue a Master's Degree in Political Science. During this time, she became active with the New Democratic Youth club on campus. Soon after, Bob Rae and the New Democrats came to power in Ontario, and Charlton received an administrative job with the government, where her husband, Brian Charlton, was a cabinet minister. When the Progressive Conservatives defeated Rae's government in the 1995 provincial election, Charlton enrolled at the University of Toronto and began working toward a PhD in Political Science.

At the time the Hamilton Mountain New Democrats held their nomination meeting to declare a candidate to run against Beth Phinney in 1997, Charlton had become a TA at U of T and had nearly completed her studies. Though only 33 at the time, she had already served as an advisor to Bob Rae's government, and went unopposed in the nomination. On election night, she placed 4th out of 6 candidates, which would be the lowest she would ever poll in an election campaign.