- published: 31 Dec 2015
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Penile erection is a physiological phenomenon where the penis becomes enlarged and firm. Penile erection is the result of a complex interaction of psychological, neural, vascular and endocrine factors, and is usually, though not exclusively, associated with sexual arousal or sexual attraction. The angle of an erect penis varies from pointing downwards, upwards, sideways, or may bend.
Erections during sleep or when waking up are known as nocturnal penile tumescence. A penis which is somewhat erect but not fully erect is known as a semi-erection. A penis which is not erect or soft is called a flaccid penis.
Erections have many informal and slang terms including stiffy, hard-on, boner and woody. There are several slang words, euphemisms and synonyoms for erection in English and in other languages. See WikiSaurus:erection for a list of alternative words for erection.
Penile erection occurs when two tubular structures that run the length of the penis, the corpora cavernosa, become engorged with venous blood. This may result from any of various physiological stimuli, also known as sexual stimulation and sexual arousal. The corpus spongiosum is a single tubular structure located just below the corpora cavernosa, which contains the urethra, through which urine and semen pass during urination and ejaculation, respectively. This may also become slightly engorged with blood, but less so than the corpora cavernosa.
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