- published: 17 Sep 2015
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Jaca (Chaca in Aragonese) is a city of northeastern Spain near the border with France, in the midst of the Pyrenees in the province of Huesca. Jaca, a ford on the Aragón River at the crossing of two great early medieval routes, one from Pau to Zaragoza, was the fortified city out of which the County and Kingdom of Aragon developed: Jaca was the capital of Aragon until 1097 and also the capital of Jacetania.
Besides Jaca town, there are a number of outlying villages in Jaca's municipal term: Abay, Abena, Acín, Ara, Araguás del Solano, Ascara, Asieso, Astún, Atarés, Badaguás, Banaguás, Baraguás, Barós, Bataraguá, Bergosa, Bernués, Bescós de Garcipollera, Binué, Botaya, Caniás, Espuéndolas, Fraginal, Gracionépel, Guasa, Guasillo, Ipás, Jarlata, Larrosa, Lastiesas Altas, Lastiesas Bajas, Martillué, Navasa, Navasilla, Novés, Orante, Osia, Ullé, Villanovilla and Yosa de Garcipollera,
The origins of the city are obscure, but its name apparently reflects the Iaccetani, mentioned by Strabo as one of the most celebrated of the numerous small tribes inhabiting the basin of the Ebro. Strabo adds that their territory was the scene of the wars in the 1st century BC between Sertorius and Pompey. The Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman world describes this modern city as the ancient "Iaca (or Iaka)" which minted coins in the 2nd half of the 2nd century BC, a small number of which are now in the British Museum. These show an unidentified bearded head, to the right with an inscription to the left and dolphin to right on the obverse. While the reverse depicts a Horseman carrying a spear, to the right, with an inscription below in Iberian reading iaka.
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