The Battles of Khalkhyn Gol (Nomonhan), 1939

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• published: 13 Mar 2016
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The Forgotten Soviet-Japanese War of 1939 ※The Battles of Khalkhyn Gol (the Nomonhan Incident ) 11 May 1939 – 15 September 1939 The Soviets initially claimed less casualties, which was almost certainly reduced for propaganda purposes. In recent years, with the opening of the Soviet archives, a more accurate assessment of Soviet casualties has emerged. ★1937～ 《the Anti-Comintern Pact signed by Japan, Germany, Italy》 : against Communism of Stalin in Soveit Union ※"Nomonhan, 1939" 　book talk by Stuart D. Goldman https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rk1wupZ1vcM This is the story of a little-known Soviet-Japanese conflict that influenced the outbreak and shaped the course of the Second World War. In the summers of 1937, 1938, and 1939, Japan and the Soviet Union fought a series of border conflicts. The first was on the Amur River days before the outbreak of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War. In 1938, division-strength units fought a bloody 2-week battle at Changkufeng near the Korea-Manchuria-Soviet border. The Nomonhan conflict (May-September 1939) on the Manchurian-Mongolian frontier, was a small undeclared war, with over 100,000 troops, 500 tanks and aircraft, and 30,000-50,000 killed and wounded. In August, Stalin unleashed a simultaneous military and diplomatic counter strike. Zhukov, the Soviet commander, launched an offensive that crushed the Japanese. At the same time, Stalin concluded an alliance with Hitler, Japan's nominal ally, leaving Tokyo diplomatically isolated and militarily humiliated. The fact that these events coincided was no “coincidence.” Europe was sliding toward war as Hitler prepared to attack Poland. Stalin sought to avoid a two-front war against Germany and Japan. His ideal outcome would be for the fascist/militarist capitalists (Germany, Italy, and Japan) to fight the bourgeois/democratic capitalists (Britain, France, and perhaps the United States), leaving the Soviet Union on the sidelines while the capitalists exhausted themselves. The Nazi-Soviet Pact pitted Germany against Britain and France and allowed Stalin to deal decisively with an isolated Japan, which he did at Nomonhan. Zhukov won his spurs at Nomonhan and won Stalin’s confidence to entrust him with the high command in 1941, when he halted the Germans at the gates of Moscow with reinforcements from the Soviet Far East. The Far Eastern reserves were deployed westward in the autumn of 1941 when Moscow learned that Japan would not attack the Soviet Far East, because it decided to expand southward to seize the oil-rich Dutch East Indies, which led them to attack Pearl Harbor. ※Georgy Zhukov (Wiki) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgy_Zhukov ※ General Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov's retrospective in interview with Professor, Hackett, Mishingan University in 1968 「In my life, the most severe and hardest battle was the battles of Khalkhin Gol....」 According to the confidential information disclosed by Russia after the Cold War, there was the fact that the Red Army also suffered a great damage. In terms of intelligence, Japan had completely defeated. ※Japan' Grand Strategy (mispredict) ① 《the Anti-Comintern Pact signed by Japan, Germany, Italy》 1937 : against Communism of Stalin in Soveit Union ××⇒ 1939 German-Soviet non-aggression treaty with Japan's shock in the middle of "halkha Battle" against Soviet Union. ② 《Tripartite Pact 》 1940 : to pressure the U.S. to accept peace terms in China by the four countries alliance with the Soviet Union in next step. 1941 (April) Soviet-Japanese non-aggression Pact ××⇒ 1941 (June) Germany destroyed German-Soviet non-aggression treaty, then invaded the Soviet Union against Japan's Expectation.