- published: 27 Oct 2015
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Germani cisrhenani is a Latin term which refers to that portion of the tribal people known as Germani who lived during classical times to the west of the Rhine river. During the lifetime of Julius Caesar, it referred especially to those who had settled among the Belgic Gauls, before Roman intrusion into the area. Cisrhenane means "on this side of the Rhine". The opposite is transrhenane or "across the Rhine". The cisrhenane Germani are also sometimes referred to as "Left bank Germani". Tribes who were certainly considered to be among the original Germani cisrhenani include the Eburones, the Condrusi, the Caeraesi, the Segni and the Paemani, who collectively form a group who apparently later came to be referred to as Tungri, in order to avoid confusion with other "Germani".
The Romans frequently described the Rhine as an important natural border between Gaul on the west, which became part of the Roman empire, and the Germanic territories to the east. The Germani on the east side of the Rhine were considered to be living in their original homeland. So this land was referred to not only as "Germania Transrhenana," but also, for example by Ptolemy and Strabo, as Germania magna, "Greater Germany." It is also referred to as being outside of Roman control: Germania libera, "Free Germany" or Germania barbara, indicating it was wild and uncivilized. In contrast, the cisrhenane Germani were sometimes referred to as living in Germania cisrhenana, but this territory was considered to also be part of Gaul, and later part of the Roman empire.
A fact is something that has really occurred or is actually the case. The usual test for a statement of fact is verifiability—that is, whether it can be demonstrated to correspond to experience. Standard reference works are often used to check facts. Scientific facts are verified by repeatable careful observation or measurement (by experiments or other means).
The word fact derives from the Latin factum, and was first used in English with the same meaning: a thing done or performed, a meaning now obsolete. The common usage of "something that has really occurred or is the case" dates from the middle of the sixteenth century.
Fact is sometimes used synonymously with truth, as distinct from opinions, falsehoods, or matters of taste. This use is found in such phrases as, "It is a fact that the cup is blue" or "Matter of fact", and "... not history, nor fact, but imagination." Filmmaker Werner Herzog distinguishes clearly between the two, claiming that "Fact creates norms, and truth illumination."
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The Belgae were a large confederation of tribes living in northern Gaul, between the English Channel and the west bank of the Rhine, from at least the third century BC. They were discussed in depth by Julius Caesar in his account of his wars in Gaul. Some peoples in Britain were also called Belgae and O'Rahilly equated them with the Fir Bolg in Ireland. The Belgae gave their name to the Roman province of Gallia Belgica and, very much later, to the modern country of Belgium. This video is targeted to blind users. Attribution: Article text available under CC-BY-SA Creative Commons image source in video
En el periodo del siglo IV el limite del Imperio romano era un coladero, donde se conseguía parar a un grupo de bárbaros, en el extremo opuesto se habría otro de mayor calado. Todo esto se agrava en el 378 con la derrota el 9 de Agosto de las fuerzas combinadas de Valente y Graciano, aunque hay que matizar que sólo fue Valente, ya que no espero a Graciano. De todas maneras los ejércitos combinados de Oriente y Occidente no llegaron a enlazarse, por lo que la derrota sería de Oriente. Pero dio igual ya que el miedo también se extendió a Occidente. Por vez primera el enemigo germano se convertía en superior a gran escala desde Teoburgo, pero en esta ocasión, en Adrianópolis, no sólo era una derrota más, sino la muerte de un emperador y la casi destrucción de una parte del imperio. Las arma...
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The Belgae were a large confederation of tribes living in northern Gaul, between the English Channel and the west bank of the Rhine, from at least the third century BC. They were discussed in depth by Julius Caesar in his account of his wars in Gaul. Some peoples in Britain were also called Belgae and O'Rahilly equated them with the Fir Bolg in Ireland. The Belgae gave their name to the Roman province of Gallia Belgica and, very much later, to the modern country of Belgium. This video is targeted to blind users. Attribution: Article text available under CC-BY-SA Creative Commons image source in video