'
Stealing A
Nation' (2004) is an extraordinary film about the plight of the
Chagos Islands, whose indigenous population was secretly and brutally expelled by
British Governments in the late
1960s and early
1970s to make way for an
American military base. The tragedy, which falls within the remit of the
International Criminal Court as "a crime against humanity", is told by
Islanders who were dumped in the slums of
Mauritius and by
British officials who left behind a damning trail of
Foreign Office documents.
Before the
Americans came, more than 2,
000 people lived on the islands in the
Indian Ocean, many with roots back to the late
18th century. There were thriving villages, a school, a hospital, a church, a railway and an undisturbed way of life. The islands were, and still are, a
British crown colony. In the 1960s, the government of
Harold Wilson struck a secret deal with the
United States to hand over the main island of
Diego Garcia.
The Americans demanded that the surrounding islands be "swept" and "sanitized".
Unknown to
Parliament and to the
US Congress and in breach of the
United Nations Charter, the
British Government plotted with
Washington to expel the entire population.
After demonstrating on the streets of Mauritius in
1982, the exiled islanders were given the derisory compensation of less than £3,000 per person by the
British government. In the film, former inhabitants
Rita Bancoult and Charlesia
Alexis tell of how, in accepting the money, they were tricked into signing away their right to return home: "It was entirely improper, unethical, dictatorial to have the
Chagossian put their thumbprint on an
English legal, drafted document, where the Chagossian, who doesn’t read, know or speak any English, let alone any legal English, is made to renounce basically all his rights as a human being."
Today, the main island of Diego Garcia is
America's largest military base in the world, outside the US. There are more than 4,000 troops, two bomber runways, thirty warships and a satellite spy station.
The Pentagon calls it an "indispensable platform" for policing the world. It was used as a launch pad for the invasions of both
Afghanistan and
Iraq.
The truth about the removal of the
Chagossians and the
Whitehall conspiracy to deny there was an indigenous population did not emerge for another twenty years, when files were unearthed at the
Public Record Office, in Kew, by the historian
Mark Curtis,
John Pilger and lawyers for the former inhabitants of the coral archipelago, who were campaigning for a return to their homeland.
John Pilger first become aware of the plight of the Chagossians in 1982, during the
Falklands War: "It was pointed out to me that
Britain had sent a fleet to go and save two thousand
Falkland Islanders at the other end of the world while two thousand
British citizens in islands in the middle of the Indian Ocean had been expelled by
British governments and the only
difference was that one lot were white and the others were black.
The other difference was that the United States wanted the Chagos Islands - and especially Diego Garcia - as a major base. So nothing was said, which tells us something about the ruthlessness of governments, especially imperial governments."
- published: 20 Mar 2016
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