- published: 11 May 2015
- views: 49
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Video shows what regnal year means. A year in the reign of a monarch, beginning on the day of accession, the set of which are numbered ordinally. Formerly laws in the United Kingdom were identified in part by the regnal year of the monarch, and this practice is still followed in some Commonwealth countries.. Regnal year Meaning. How to pronounce, definition audio dictionary. How to say regnal year. Powered by MaryTTS, Wiktionary
Regnal year
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- published: 29 Dec 2015
- views: 8
Brihadisvara Temple at Thanjavur
The celebrated Saiva temple at Thanjavur, appropriately called Brihadisvara and Daksinameru, is the grandest creation of the Chola emperor Rajaraja (AD 985-1012). It was inaugurated by the king himself in his 19th regnal year (AD 1009-10) and named it after himself as Rajesvara Peruvudaiyar. Architecturally, it is the most ambitious structural temple built of granite. It has been regarded as a 'landmark in the evolution of building art in south India' and its vimana as a 'touchstone of Indian architecture as a whole'. The temple is within a spacious inner prakara of 240.9 m long (east-west) and 122 m broad (north-south), with a gopura at the east and three other ordinary torana entrances one at each lateral sides and the third at rear.
Brihadisvara temple, Gangaikondacholapuram, Dist. Perambalur
Rajendra I (AD 1012-1044), the illustrious son of the great Chola king Rajaraja I (AD 985-1014) chose this location to build a new a great capital city for the Chola Empire most probably during the first quarter of 11th century in order to commemorate his conquest over northern territories. Nonetheless, he not only built a city, now in ruins and excavated partially but also a great temple for Siva. The Brihadisvara at Tanjavur had influenced this temple in many ways like the vast conception of the lay out and massive proportion of the elevation.
The lay out -- the sanctum with its axial units, the Chandikesvara shrine, the cloister mandapa with the subsidiary shrines and a gopura is similar to Tanjavur. The location of two smaller shrines -- The South and North Kailasa (now the Amman shrine) are different. But the architect of this edifice has shown remarkable intelligence to correct some of the shortcomings in the design of the Brihadisvara at Tanjavur like the provision for erecting a wooden scaffolding in the masonry of the sanctum, the pleasing elevation by appropriately changing and placing the hara elements etc.
The inscription recording accurately the donations to the God of the temple is missing here. In fact, there is no inscription of Rajendra himself. The earliest inscription is that of his son, but recording the donations of his father.
The temple has sculptures of exceptional quality like the dancing Ganesa, Ardhanari, Dakshinamurthi, Harihara, Adavallan (Nataraja) (on south wall niches), Gangadhara, Lingodhbhava, Vishnu, Subrahmanya, Vishnu-anugrahmurthi (west wall), Kalanthakamurthi, Durga, Brahma, Bairava, Kamantaka (north wall). But the most outstanding sculptures are found in the niches by the side of the northern entrance steps to the sanctum. They are the Chandesanugrahamurti and Sarasvati. The bronzes of Bhogasakti and Subrahmanya are masterpieces of Chola metal icons. The Saurapitha (Solar altar), the lotus altar with eight deities is considered auspicious.
A British officer in 19th century considered this temple as the best source for stones for the construction of a weir across the river Kollidam and therefore ordered its demolition. But the temple was not demolished due to protest by the locals.
Airavatesvara temple, Darasuram, Dist. Tanjavur
Built by the Chola king Rajaraja II (AD 1143-1173), this temple is a gem of Chola architecture. Though much smaller in size when compared to the Brihadisvara temple at Tanjavur and Gangaikondacholapuram, this temple is different as it is highly ornate in execution. The temple consists of a sanctum without a circumambulatory path and axial mandapas. The front mandapa known in the inscriptions as Rajagambhiran tirumandapam, is unique as it was conceptualised as a chariot with wheels. The pillars of this mandapa are highly ornate. The elevation of all the units is elegant with sculptures dominating the architecture.
A number of sculptures from this temple like the full set of Bhikshatana with rishi patnis is various moods, are now preserved in the Tanjavur Art Gallery. They are the masterpieces of Chola art. Remaining ones like Nagaraja, Agastya, dancing Martanda Bhairava, Sarabhamurti, Ganesa etc., are equally gracious. The labelled miniature friezes extolling the events that happened to the 63 nayanmars (Saiva saints) are noteworthy and reflect the deep roots of Saivism in this region. In fact, the king made donation for the singing of hymns from Thevaram, the Saivite sacred book in Tamil, in this temple.
The construction of a separate temple for Devi, slightly later than the main temple, indicates the emergence of Amman shrine as an essential component of the south Indian temple complex.
- published: 04 Nov 2013
- views: 59430
A video appendix to accompany the series When Ancient Jerusalem Was Destroyed. Appendix 5 discusses gives highlights of the reign of Nabonidus, the last king of the Neo-Babylonian dynasty (Assession year: 556, Regnal Years: 555 to 538 BC). His mother, Addagoppe, was an important figure in his life, and upon her death, he commissioned a stele in her honor that corroborates conventional chronology, both in regard to the Neo-Babylonian kings, but the lengths of their rule. In 539 BC, 70 years after Babylon overthrew Assyria, Babylon itself was overthrown by Persian King, Cyrus the Great.
- published: 29 May 2013
- views: 1006
According to Archaeological Survey of India (ASI)
The celebrated Saiva temple at Thanjavur, appropriately called Brihadisvara and Daksinameru, is the grandest creation of the Chola emperor Rajaraja (AD 985-1012). It was inaugurated by the king himself in his 19th regnal year (AD 1009-10) and named it after himself as Rajesvara Peruvudaiyar. Architecturally, it is the most ambitious structural temple built of granite. It has been regarded as a ‘landmark in the evolution of building art in south India’ and its vimana as a ‘touchstone of Indian architecture as a whole’. The temple is within a spacious inner prakara of 240.9 m long (east-west) and 122 m broad (north-south), with a gopura at the east and three other ordinary torana entrances one at each lateral sides and the third at rear. The prakara is surrounded by a double-storeyed malika with parivaralayas. The temple with its massive proportions and simplicity of design provided inspiration for future designs in constructions not only in south India but also in south-east Asia.
The sikhara, a cupolic dome, is octagonal and rests on a single block of granite, a square of 7.8 m weighing 80 tons. The majestic upapitha and adhishthana are common to all the axially placed entities like the ardha-maha and mukha-mandapas and linked to the main sanctum but approached through a north-south transept across the ardha-mandapa which is marked by lofty sopanas. The moulded plinth is extensively engraved with inscriptions by its royal builder who refers to his many endowments, pious acts and organisational events connected to the temple. The brihad-linga within the sanctum is 8.7 m high. Life-size iconographic representations on the wall niches and inner passages include Durga, Lakshmi, Sarasvati and Bhikshatana, Virabhadra, Kalantaka, Natesa, Ardhanarisvara and Alingana forms of Siva. The mural paintings on the walls of the lower ambulatory inside are finest examples of Chola and later periods which depict the contemporaneous scenes with legendary ones.
Sarfoji, a local Maratha ruler, rebuilt the Ganapati shrine. The celebrated Thanjavur School of paintings of the Nayakas is largely superimposed over the Chola murals. The temple is rich in iconography as well as inscriptions which provide an account of events showing achievements, financial arrangements, donations and bearing an impression of contemporary society.
Two great Chola Temples of the 11th and 12th centuries have been added to the 11th century Brihadisvara temple of Thanjavur, inscribed in 1987. The Great Living Chola Temples were built by kings of the Chola Empire, which stretched over all of South India and the neighbouring islands. The site now includes the three great 11th and 12th century Chola Temples: the Brihadisvara temple of Thanjavur, the Temple of Gangaikondacholapuram and the Airavatesvara temple at Darasuram.
The Temple of Gangaikondacholapuram, built by Rajendra I, was completed in 1035. Its 53-m vimana (sanctum tower) has recessed corners and a graceful upward curving movement, contrasting with the straight and severe tower at Thanjavur. It has six pairs of massive, monolithic dvarapalas statues guarding the entrances and bronzes of remarkable beauty inside. The Airavatesvara temple complex at Darasuram, built by Rajaraja II, features a 24-m vimana and a stone image of Shiva. The temples testify to the Cholas brilliant achievements in architecture, sculpture, painting, and bronze casting.
- published: 25 Nov 2015
- views: 14
Adham Khan was a general of Akbar. He was the younger son of Maham Anga, he thus became the foster brother of Akbar. In his fourth regnal year, Akbar married him to the daughter of Baqi Khan Baqlani.
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- published: 28 Oct 2015
- views: 2
This show focuses on the clash between Egyptian Pharaoh Ramesses II and the Hittite Emperor Muwatalli II at the Battle of Kadesh.
The Battle of Kadesh (also Qadesh) took place between the forces of the Egyptian Empire under Ramesses II and the Hittite Empire under Muwatalli II at the city of Kadesh on the Orontes River, in what is now the Syrian Arab Republic.
The battle is generally dated to 1274 BC, and is the earliest battle in recorded history for which details of tactics and formations are known. It was probably the largest chariot battle ever fought, involving perhaps 5,000--6,000 chariots.
After expelling the Hyksos 15th dynasty, the native Egyptian New Kingdom rulers became more aggressive in reclaiming control of their state's borders. Thutmose I, Thutmose III and his son and coregent Amenhotep II fought battles from Megiddo north to the Orontes River, including conflict with Kadesh.[citation needed]
Many of the Egyptian campaign accounts between c. 1400 and 1300 BC reflect the general destabilization of the region of the Djahi. The reigns of Thutmose IV and Amenhotep III were undistinguished, except that Egypt continued to lose territory to Mitanni in northern Syria.[citation needed]
During the late Egyptian 18th dynasty, the Amarna Letters tell the story of the decline of Egyptian influence in the region. The Egyptians showed flagging interest here until almost the end of the dynasty. Horemheb, the last ruler of this dynasty, campaigned in this region, finally beginning to turn Egyptian interest back to this region.[citation needed]
This process continued in the 19th Dynasty. Like his father Ramesses I, Seti I was a military commander and set out to restore Egypt's empire to the days of the Tuthmosis kings almost a century before. Inscriptions on Karnak temple walls record the details of his campaigns into Canaan and Syria. He took 20,000 men and reoccupied abandoned Egyptian posts and garrisoned cities. He made an informal peace with the Hittites, took control of coastal areas along the Mediterranean, and continued to campaign in Canaan. A second campaign led him to capture Kadesh (where a stela commemorated his victory) and Amurru. His son and heir Ramesses II campaigned with him. Historical records exist which record a large weapons order by Ramesses II the year prior to the expedition he led to Kadesh in his fifth regnal year.[citation needed]
However, at some point, both regions may have lapsed back into Hittite control. What exactly happened to Amurru is disputed. The Hittitologist Trevor Bryce suggests that, although it may have fallen once again under Hittite control, it is more likely Amurru remained a Hittite vassal state.
The immediate antecedents to the Battle of Kadesh were the early campaigns of Ramesses II into Canaan. In the fourth year of his reign, he marched north into Syria, either to recapture Amurru or, as a probing effort, to confirm his vassals' loyalty and explore the terrain of possible battles. The recovery of Amurru was Muwatalli's stated motivation for marching south to confront the Egyptians. Ramesses marched north in the fifth year of his reign and encountered the Hittites at Kadesh.
- published: 23 Jan 2014
- views: 2738
The XIX Dynasty:
RAMESSES I : he was , the commander of royal archers. He held many weighty offices in army, he was later vizier and confidant of Horemheb, appointed by him as heir to the throne. As a vizier he ordered to build for himself a tomb at Gourab. After he had been designated heir to the throne he built for himself a KV16 tomb in the Kings' Valley. The king's mummy was found in Deir el-Bahari, his mummy is now in Luxor museum and his sarcophagus in Cairo Museum. Ramesses I ruled one year and 4 months, as co-regent with his son and successor, Seti I
SETI I : Son of Ramesses I. After coming to the rule he was forced to undertake series of war campaigns to Asia and Libya. He made wars with Hittites, conquered the land of Amurru and city of Kadesh. In his 8th regnal year he made war expedition to the land of Jam in Sudan. History records of his warlike deeds add splendor to walls of many Egyptian temples. He erected magnificent temple at Abydos and a number of building structures all over Egypt, among others great hypostyle of the temple of Karnak, mortuary temples in Western Thebes and Memphis. He erected temple of Amun at Napata in Nubia, as well as in other cities. Many temples, destructed during Amarna period, were restored and covered with new reliefs and polychrome. He started building new capital of Ramessides in the Delta. Burial place of the ruler became the finely decorated tomb KV17 in the Kings' Valley. The king's mummy was found in the Deir el-Bahari.
RAMESSES II :Son of Seti I by queen Tui. He had 7 legal, royal wives and 200 concubines. Historical sources record that he had 96 sons and 60 daughters. Ramesses II was regarded one of the mightiests (if not the one mightiest) Egyptian pharaohs. Certainly he is the best known ruler of ancient Egypt and a symbol of this land. Three facts went into the making thereof: tremendous building activity, traces of which can be found all over Egypt; active internal policy and presence of military force keeping strong position of Egyptian Empire as well as immensely long rule, comprising 67 years. He was crowned the king after his father's death in June 1279 BC. In his 4th regnal year he made first military campaign into Syria which resulted in relieving of the principality of Amurru ruled by Betneshina. The next year took place battle at Kadesh by Orontes. The course of this most famous in Egyptian history battle is recorded in wall presentations of temples at Abydos, Thebes and Abu Simbel, also in papyri and is called Poem of Pentewere. Egyptian sources present the battle as a great triumph of Egyptian army and pharaoh Ramesses II in person, Hittite sources - in contrary. The fact that in consequence the land of Amurru had been annexed to Hittites' influence zone allows us to conclude that closer to the truth are Hittite sources which record failure (if not complete defeat) of Egyptian army. Next over a dozen-or-so years Ramesses was making numerous war campaigns into Syria-Palestine, consolidating his own influence zone. Treaty made in 1258 with Hittites warranted in writing non-aggression and mutual relieving of political refugees. This is an oldest known historical document made between two foreign countries. In 1245 and 1240 BC to the royal harem arrived two Hittite princesses thus consolidating the peace with the land of Hatti. There are known to us expeditions to land of Jam in Sudan in year 21 of Ramesses reign and to Nubia in year 44, under command of Setau, the viceroy of Kush. Ramesses II reinforced fortresses in the Western Delta which protected from the "sea people" attacks and Libyan tribes. Building activity of the king exceeds that of any other pharaoh and counting out at least part of buildings erected or restored in his times seems to be impossible. There is no city in Egypt where the ruler would not have left traces of his building activities. Temples in Western Thebes (Ramesseum) and Abu Simbel are masterpieces of ancient Egyptian architecture.
MERNEPTAH (or Meremptah):The thirteenth son of Ramesses II, his mother was queen Isetnofret I. The most significant event during Merenptah's rule was repulse of Libyans. Building activity of Merenptah focused mainly in Western Thebes and Memphis.
SETI II: he was a son of Merenptah. Seti II founded a station for a barge on the courtyard in front of the pylon II at Karnak.Amenemesse Usurped him the throne.
AMENEMESSE:he usurped the throne illegally by 4 years in times of Seti II.
SIPTAH:was a Son of Seti II and Syrian concubine.In his behalf the rule was held by Twosret, his step mother. Another interesting figure of those times was chancellor Bay, usurping the right to the rule.
TWOSRET:Wife of Seti II, step-mother of Siptah. The queen held rule as regent . She started even counting length of her reign including years of regency
- published: 26 Aug 2013
- views: 891
Queen Nefertiti of Egypt was a native of Kurdish Mitanni princess Tadukhipa. Nefertiti, Egyptian Nfr.t-jy.tj, original pronunciation approximately Nafteta, for ("the beauty has come"). Nefertiti's parentage is not known with certainty, but one often cited theory is that she was the daughter of Ay, later to be pharaoh. Scenes in the tombs of the nobles in Amarna mention the queen’s sister who is named Mutbenret (previously read as Mutnodjemet).
Not: Tadukhipa, in the Hurrian language Tadu-Hepa, was the daughter of Tushratta, king of Mitanni (reigned ca. 1382 BC–1342 BC) and his queen Juni, and niece of Artashumara. Tadukhipa's aunt Gilukhipa (sister of Tushratta) had married Pharaoh Amenhotep III in his 10th regnal year. Tadukhipa was to marry Amenhotep III more than two decades later
The exact dates of when Nefertiti was married to Akhenaten and later promoted to queenship are uncertain. Their six known daughters (and estimated years of birth) were:
*Meritaten: No later than year 1, possibly later became Pharaoh Nefernferuaten.
*Meketaten: Year 4.
*Ankhesenpaaten, also known as Ankhesenamen, later queen of Tutankhamun
*Neferneferuaten Tasherit: Year 8, possibly later became Pharaoh Nefernferuaten.
*Neferneferure: Year 9.
*Setepenre: Year 11.
- published: 13 Jun 2015
- views: 1031
these Hebrew dates are not from the modern calendar but from the Biblical Lunar Calendar which is slightly different having 30 days in every month. We are from scripture predicting the first nuclear terrorist attack on 2015Elul30-Tishri2 (2015September16-19) and the second on 2015Tishri5-7 (2015September21-24). These attacks will be upon Manhattan from the Hudson and upon London at Dartford from the Thames.
The LWs have changed the date of the late Zoar Pentecost again from 2015Elul21 to 2015Tishri6. They now run the 1335 days of expectation of Daniel12 not from 2008Tishri14, when Satan's 6,000 year lease from 3993Tishri14 (Nisan1 calendar) expired, but from 2008Heshvan2, late 2NC first fruits day, when Jesus appointed FDS4 over the Kingdom. So 1335 BLC days from then is 2012Tammuz17, which is Zoar first fruits and was tablet shattering day of Moses in 1513 BC and the day the constant feature ended in Solomon's temple in 586 BC and in Zerubbabel's temple in 70 AD. It is the Hebrew fast of the 17th of Tammuz. This new festival is the fulfilment of Zechariah8:19 where the 4 Hebrew fasts are changed into feasts.
All this means that the attendant will say for the 3rd fire sign of 1Kings18 on 2015Tishri7: Look there is a small cloud like a man's palm ascending from the sea. the cloud having occurred at the end of the late Zoar Pentecost on 2015Tishri6. But 2015Tishri7, the mysterious 7th of 1Kings18:44 is now the 7th day of the 7th month of the 7th regnal year of Jesus over the Kingdom which is the 7th millennium after Adam's sin. The we seized the prophets of Baal from the late Zoar Pentecost on 2-015Tishri6 to the late end of the world Pentecost on 2016Tebbeth5. So this new interpretation could not be more Pentecostal or more seventhy!
Whereas the 2nd fire sign of 1Kings18 is now predicited to fall on 2015Elul30-~Tishri2, essentially its 2015Tishri1, the feast of trumpets/alarm/shouting. This is the first day of the acceptable/goodwill year of Isaiah61, which is the Time of DIstress of Daniel12, and the illustrious and epiphanaic day of Joel2 and Acts2 and the 7th secular year under Jesus which is the Kingdom Sabbath year during which we all receive our inheritance by Lot as was the case with Israel and the promised land.
The greater meaning of the battle of Jericho in Joshua6 is that we go around Laodicea (the closed up LW sect within the JWs) for the first 6 regnal years of Jesus over the Kingdom from 2009Nisan1 to 2015Nisan1. Then we go around for 7 months in the 7th year which takes us to 2015Tishri. We then shout and blow trumpets due to the alarm caused by the 2nd fire sign on 2015Tishri1, the festival of trumpets shouting and alarm.
- published: 16 Sep 2015
- views: 27
Feast of Trumpets.
Brazosport Community College Band.
Copyright: George St. George 2009.
"[God] commanded that Tishri 1 be designated as the Day of Trumpets. The word trumpets in Hebrew is shofar, literally rams horns (Leviticus 23:23-25)."
"...trumpets were blown and special offerings were made at the beginning of every month (Numbers 10:10; 28:11-15; Psalms 81:3). But a comparison will show that the trumpet-blowing and offerings of Tishri 1 were singled out and were more extensive than for any other month. Edersheim says that in Jesus time, During the whole of New Years Day [Tishri 1], trumpets and horns were blown in Jerusalem from morning to evening (Edersheim, The Temple, pp. 297-298.)"
"Just as age was reckoned from Tishri 1 to Tishri 1 during Noahs time, so were the regnal years of the Judean kings. In other words, the years of the reign of the kings, such as David and Solomon, were counted from Tishri 1 to Tishri 1 (This is thoroughly documented by Edwin R. Thiele in his work 'The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings', rev. ed. (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1965), pp. 28-31, 161-163.)"
"...the blowing of trumpets, associated with Tishri 1, was also part of the coronation ceremony for a new king (2 Kings 11:12-14.)"
"Edersheim understands the blowing of trumpets to have maintained this royal and Godly significance in Christs time (Edersheim, The Temple, p. 290.)"
"Tishri 1 was the seventh new moon, the beginning of the seventh month, and the great Day of Trumpets (Edersheims comment in his book The Temple, pp. 294-295, is pertinent in this regard: Quite distinct from the other new moons, and more sacred than they, was that of the seventh month, or Tishri, partly on account of the symbolical meaning of the seventh or sabbatical month, in which the great feasts of the Day of Atonement and of Tabernacles occurred, and partly, perhaps, because it also marked the commencement of the civil year)..."
"Thus, Tishri 1 with the blowing of the trumpets noted the birth of the king of kings. What an appropriate and notable day for Jesus Christ to have been born! What perfect alignment of history..."
"It was the first day of the seventh month, the last festal month of Moses calendar. It was the day beginning the regnal years of the kings of Judah. It was the great Day of Trumpets celebrating Jehovah as the one True God."
"On that very day, Tishri 1, September 11,3 B.C., Jesus Christ, Gods only begotten Son, was born in Bethlehem. Unknown to the people, the trumpet sounds which blew from morning to evening in Jerusalem heralded God as the King over all and His Son as the promised king under the King, God. Yes, the Messiah, the promised seed, the second Adam, had been born."
From: Wierwille, V. P. 1982. Jesus Christ Our Promised Seed, American Christian Press. pp. 78-83.
- published: 09 Nov 2009
- views: 2542
.314
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This article is about the year 314. For the number, see 314 (number). For other uses, see 314 (disambiguation).
Millennium:
1st millennium
Centuries:
3rd century – 4th century – 5th century
Decades:
280s 290s 300s – 310s – 320s 330s 340s
Years:
311 312 313 – 314 – 315 316 317
314 by topic
Politics
State leaders – Sovereign states
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishment and disestablishment categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
v·
t·
e
314 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 314
CCCXIV
Ab urbe condita 1067
Armenian calendar N/A
Assyrian calendar 5064
Bahá'í calendar −1530 – −1529
Bengali calendar −279
Berber calendar 1264
English Regnal year N/A
Buddhist calendar 858
Burmese calendar −324
Byzantine calendar 5822–5823
Chinese calendar 癸酉年 (Water Rooster)
3010 or 2950
— to —
甲戌年 (Wood Dog)
3011 or 2951
Coptic calendar 30–31
Discordian calendar 1480
Ethiopian calendar 306–307
Hebrew calendar 4074–4075
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat 370–371
- Shaka Samvat 236–237
- Kali Yuga 3415–3416
Holocene calendar 10314
Igbo calendar −686 – −685
Iranian calendar 308 BP – 307 BP
Islamic calendar 318 BH – 316 BH
Japanese calendar N/A
Juche calendar N/A
Julian calendar 314
CCCXIV
Korean calendar 2647
Minguo calendar 1598 before ROC
民前1598年
Thai solar calendar 857
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Emperor Constantine the Great
Year 314 (CCCXIV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Rufius and Annianus (or, less frequently, year 1067 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 314 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events[edit]
By place[edit]
Roman Empire[edit]
October 8 – Battle of Cibalae: Constantine the Great defeats his rival Licinius near the town of Colonia Aurelia Cibalae (modern Vinkovci, Croatia). Licinius is forced to flee to Sirmium, and loses all of the Balkans except for Thrace. Peace negotiations are initiated between the two Augusti, but they are unsuccessful.
A large Pictish raid southwards is attempted.
January 11 – Pope Miltiades' reign ends.
January 31 – Pope Sylvester I succeeds Pope Miltiades as the 33rd pope.
August 30 – Council of Arles: Confirms the pronouncement of Donatism as a schism, and passes other canons.
Synod of Ancyra: Consulting a magician is declared a sin earning five years of penance.
Alexander becomes Bishop of Byzantium.
Births[edit]
Libanius, Greek rhetorician and sophist (approximate date)
Li Qi, emperor of the Ba-Di state Cheng Han (d. 338)
Zhi Dun, Chinese Buddhist monk and philosopher (d. 366)
Deaths[edit]
January 10 – Pope Miltiades
Saint Metrophanes, Bishop of Byzantium
Empress Liu E
- published: 20 Jan 2015
- views: 163
A regnal year is a year of the reign of a sovereign, from the Latin regnum meaning kingdom, rule.
The oldest dating systems were in regnal years, and considered the date as an ordinal, not a cardinal number. For example, a monarch could have a first year of rule, a second year of rule, a third, and so on, but a zero year of rule would be nonsense. Applying this ancient epoch system to modern calculations of time, which include zero, is what led to the debate over when the third millennium began.
In ancient times, calendars were counted in terms of the number of years of the reign of the current monarch. Reckoning long periods of times required a king list. The oldest such reckoning is preserved in the Sumerian king list.
In England, and later the United Kingdom, until 1963, each Act of Parliament was defined by its serial number within the session of parliament in which it was enacted, which in turn was denoted by the regnal year or years in which it fell. (See Regnal years of English monarchs)
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Adham Khan (Hindi:आधम खान) was a general of Akbar. He was the younger son of Maham Anga, he thus became the foster brother of Akbar. In his fourth regnal year, Akbar married him to the daughter of Baqi Khan Baqlani.
After the dismissal of Bairam Khan, Adham Khan was appointed as a general and was sent to Malwa to capture it.
In 1561, the Mughal army led by Adham Khan and Pir Muhammad Khan invaded Malwa. They defeated the army of Baz Bahadur, the Sultan of Malwa in the battle of Sarangpur on March 29, 1561. All his treasures, elephants and his harem was captured by the victors. Adham Khan tried to take possession of Baz Bahadur's Hindu mistress Rani Roopmati also, but she killed herself by consuming poison. According to the historian Badauni, both the commanders, Adham Khan and Pir Muhammad Khan perpetrated acts of barbaric cruelty, massacring the prisoners and killing even their wives and children. After the victory, Adham Khan sent to the emperor Akbar a report of victory along with only a few elephants, himself appropriating the rest of the spoils.
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Ramesses II (c. 1303 BC – July or August 1213 BC; Egyptian: *Riʻmīsisu, alternatively transcribed as Rameses 
/ˈræməsiːz/ and Ramses /ˈræmsiːz/ or /ˈræmziːz/), referred to as Ramesses the Great, was the third Egyptian pharaoh (reigned 1279 BC – 1213 BC) of the Nineteenth dynasty. He is often regarded as the greatest, most celebrated, and most powerful pharaoh of the Egyptian Empire. His successors and later Egyptians called him the "Great Ancestor." Ramesses II led several military expeditions into the Levant, re-asserting Egyptian control over Canaan. He also led expeditions to the south, into Nubia, commemorated in inscriptions at Beit el-Wali and Gerf Hussein.
At age fourteen, Ramesses was appointed Prince Regent by his father Seti I. He is believed to have taken the throne in his late teens and is known to have ruled Egypt from 1279 BC to 1213 BC for 66 years and 2 months, according to both Manetho and Egypt's contemporary historical records. He was once said to have lived to be 99 years old, but it is more likely that he died in his 90th or 91st year. If he became Pharaoh in 1279 BC as most Egyptologists today believe, he would have assumed the throne on May 31, 1279 BC, based on his known accession date of III Shemu day 27. Ramesses II celebrated an unprecedented 14 sed festivals (the first held after thirty years of a pharaoh's reign, and then every three years) during his reign—more than any other pharaoh. On his death, he was buried in a tomb in the Valley of the Kings; his body was later moved to a royal cache where it was discovered in 1881, and is now on display in the Cairo Museum.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramesses_II
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
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0:37Regnal year Meaning
Regnal year MeaningRegnal year Meaning
Video shows what regnal year means. A year in the reign of a monarch, beginning on the day of accession, the set of which are numbered ordinally. Formerly laws in the United Kingdom were identified in part by the regnal year of the monarch, and this practice is still followed in some Commonwealth countries.. Regnal year Meaning. How to pronounce, definition audio dictionary. How to say regnal year. Powered by MaryTTS, Wiktionary -
7:46Regnal year
Regnal yearRegnal year
Regnal year =======Image-Copyright-Info======== License: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (CC-BY-SA-3.0) LicenseLink: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ Author-Info: User:S Sepp Image Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wooden_hourglass_3.jpg =======Image-Copyright-Info======== ☆Video is targeted to blind users Attribution: Article text available under CC-BY-SA image source in video -
32:38Living Legacies: Film on Chola Temples of Thanjavur and Kumbhakonam
Living Legacies: Film on Chola Temples of Thanjavur and KumbhakonamLiving Legacies: Film on Chola Temples of Thanjavur and Kumbhakonam
Brihadisvara Temple at Thanjavur The celebrated Saiva temple at Thanjavur, appropriately called Brihadisvara and Daksinameru, is the grandest creation of the Chola emperor Rajaraja (AD 985-1012). It was inaugurated by the king himself in his 19th regnal year (AD 1009-10) and named it after himself as Rajesvara Peruvudaiyar. Architecturally, it is the most ambitious structural temple built of granite. It has been regarded as a 'landmark in the evolution of building art in south India' and its vimana as a 'touchstone of Indian architecture as a whole'. The temple is within a spacious inner prakara of 240.9 m long (east-west) and 122 m broad (north-south), with a gopura at the east and three other ordinary torana entrances one at each lateral sides and the third at rear. Brihadisvara temple, Gangaikondacholapuram, Dist. Perambalur Rajendra I (AD 1012-1044), the illustrious son of the great Chola king Rajaraja I (AD 985-1014) chose this location to build a new a great capital city for the Chola Empire most probably during the first quarter of 11th century in order to commemorate his conquest over northern territories. Nonetheless, he not only built a city, now in ruins and excavated partially but also a great temple for Siva. The Brihadisvara at Tanjavur had influenced this temple in many ways like the vast conception of the lay out and massive proportion of the elevation. The lay out -- the sanctum with its axial units, the Chandikesvara shrine, the cloister mandapa with the subsidiary shrines and a gopura is similar to Tanjavur. The location of two smaller shrines -- The South and North Kailasa (now the Amman shrine) are different. But the architect of this edifice has shown remarkable intelligence to correct some of the shortcomings in the design of the Brihadisvara at Tanjavur like the provision for erecting a wooden scaffolding in the masonry of the sanctum, the pleasing elevation by appropriately changing and placing the hara elements etc. The inscription recording accurately the donations to the God of the temple is missing here. In fact, there is no inscription of Rajendra himself. The earliest inscription is that of his son, but recording the donations of his father. The temple has sculptures of exceptional quality like the dancing Ganesa, Ardhanari, Dakshinamurthi, Harihara, Adavallan (Nataraja) (on south wall niches), Gangadhara, Lingodhbhava, Vishnu, Subrahmanya, Vishnu-anugrahmurthi (west wall), Kalanthakamurthi, Durga, Brahma, Bairava, Kamantaka (north wall). But the most outstanding sculptures are found in the niches by the side of the northern entrance steps to the sanctum. They are the Chandesanugrahamurti and Sarasvati. The bronzes of Bhogasakti and Subrahmanya are masterpieces of Chola metal icons. The Saurapitha (Solar altar), the lotus altar with eight deities is considered auspicious. A British officer in 19th century considered this temple as the best source for stones for the construction of a weir across the river Kollidam and therefore ordered its demolition. But the temple was not demolished due to protest by the locals. Airavatesvara temple, Darasuram, Dist. Tanjavur Built by the Chola king Rajaraja II (AD 1143-1173), this temple is a gem of Chola architecture. Though much smaller in size when compared to the Brihadisvara temple at Tanjavur and Gangaikondacholapuram, this temple is different as it is highly ornate in execution. The temple consists of a sanctum without a circumambulatory path and axial mandapas. The front mandapa known in the inscriptions as Rajagambhiran tirumandapam, is unique as it was conceptualised as a chariot with wheels. The pillars of this mandapa are highly ornate. The elevation of all the units is elegant with sculptures dominating the architecture. A number of sculptures from this temple like the full set of Bhikshatana with rishi patnis is various moods, are now preserved in the Tanjavur Art Gallery. They are the masterpieces of Chola art. Remaining ones like Nagaraja, Agastya, dancing Martanda Bhairava, Sarabhamurti, Ganesa etc., are equally gracious. The labelled miniature friezes extolling the events that happened to the 63 nayanmars (Saiva saints) are noteworthy and reflect the deep roots of Saivism in this region. In fact, the king made donation for the singing of hymns from Thevaram, the Saivite sacred book in Tamil, in this temple. The construction of a separate temple for Devi, slightly later than the main temple, indicates the emergence of Amman shrine as an essential component of the south Indian temple complex. -
5:06A5. When Ancient Jerusalem Was Destroyed: Nabonidus, the last king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire
A5. When Ancient Jerusalem Was Destroyed: Nabonidus, the last king of the Neo-Babylonian EmpireA5. When Ancient Jerusalem Was Destroyed: Nabonidus, the last king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire
A video appendix to accompany the series When Ancient Jerusalem Was Destroyed. Appendix 5 discusses gives highlights of the reign of Nabonidus, the last king of the Neo-Babylonian dynasty (Assession year: 556, Regnal Years: 555 to 538 BC). His mother, Addagoppe, was an important figure in his life, and upon her death, he commissioned a stele in her honor that corroborates conventional chronology, both in regard to the Neo-Babylonian kings, but the lengths of their rule. In 539 BC, 70 years after Babylon overthrew Assyria, Babylon itself was overthrown by Persian King, Cyrus the Great. -
5:25World Heritage Great Living Chola Temples in India
World Heritage Great Living Chola Temples in IndiaWorld Heritage Great Living Chola Temples in India
According to Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) The celebrated Saiva temple at Thanjavur, appropriately called Brihadisvara and Daksinameru, is the grandest creation of the Chola emperor Rajaraja (AD 985-1012). It was inaugurated by the king himself in his 19th regnal year (AD 1009-10) and named it after himself as Rajesvara Peruvudaiyar. Architecturally, it is the most ambitious structural temple built of granite. It has been regarded as a ‘landmark in the evolution of building art in south India’ and its vimana as a ‘touchstone of Indian architecture as a whole’. The temple is within a spacious inner prakara of 240.9 m long (east-west) and 122 m broad (north-south), with a gopura at the east and three other ordinary torana entrances one at each lateral sides and the third at rear. The prakara is surrounded by a double-storeyed malika with parivaralayas. The temple with its massive proportions and simplicity of design provided inspiration for future designs in constructions not only in south India but also in south-east Asia. The sikhara, a cupolic dome, is octagonal and rests on a single block of granite, a square of 7.8 m weighing 80 tons. The majestic upapitha and adhishthana are common to all the axially placed entities like the ardha-maha and mukha-mandapas and linked to the main sanctum but approached through a north-south transept across the ardha-mandapa which is marked by lofty sopanas. The moulded plinth is extensively engraved with inscriptions by its royal builder who refers to his many endowments, pious acts and organisational events connected to the temple. The brihad-linga within the sanctum is 8.7 m high. Life-size iconographic representations on the wall niches and inner passages include Durga, Lakshmi, Sarasvati and Bhikshatana, Virabhadra, Kalantaka, Natesa, Ardhanarisvara and Alingana forms of Siva. The mural paintings on the walls of the lower ambulatory inside are finest examples of Chola and later periods which depict the contemporaneous scenes with legendary ones. Sarfoji, a local Maratha ruler, rebuilt the Ganapati shrine. The celebrated Thanjavur School of paintings of the Nayakas is largely superimposed over the Chola murals. The temple is rich in iconography as well as inscriptions which provide an account of events showing achievements, financial arrangements, donations and bearing an impression of contemporary society. Two great Chola Temples of the 11th and 12th centuries have been added to the 11th century Brihadisvara temple of Thanjavur, inscribed in 1987. The Great Living Chola Temples were built by kings of the Chola Empire, which stretched over all of South India and the neighbouring islands. The site now includes the three great 11th and 12th century Chola Temples: the Brihadisvara temple of Thanjavur, the Temple of Gangaikondacholapuram and the Airavatesvara temple at Darasuram. The Temple of Gangaikondacholapuram, built by Rajendra I, was completed in 1035. Its 53-m vimana (sanctum tower) has recessed corners and a graceful upward curving movement, contrasting with the straight and severe tower at Thanjavur. It has six pairs of massive, monolithic dvarapalas statues guarding the entrances and bronzes of remarkable beauty inside. The Airavatesvara temple complex at Darasuram, built by Rajaraja II, features a 24-m vimana and a stone image of Shiva. The temples testify to the Cholas brilliant achievements in architecture, sculpture, painting, and bronze casting. -
2:56Adham Khan
Adham KhanAdham Khan
Adham Khan was a general of Akbar. He was the younger son of Maham Anga, he thus became the foster brother of Akbar. In his fourth regnal year, Akbar married him to the daughter of Baqi Khan Baqlani. This video is targeted to blind users. Attribution: Article text available under CC-BY-SA Creative Commons image source in video -
44:53Egyptian Pharaoh Ramesses II vs the Hittite Emperor Muwatalli II at the Battle of Kadesh
Egyptian Pharaoh Ramesses II vs the Hittite Emperor Muwatalli II at the Battle of KadeshEgyptian Pharaoh Ramesses II vs the Hittite Emperor Muwatalli II at the Battle of Kadesh
This show focuses on the clash between Egyptian Pharaoh Ramesses II and the Hittite Emperor Muwatalli II at the Battle of Kadesh. The Battle of Kadesh (also Qadesh) took place between the forces of the Egyptian Empire under Ramesses II and the Hittite Empire under Muwatalli II at the city of Kadesh on the Orontes River, in what is now the Syrian Arab Republic. The battle is generally dated to 1274 BC, and is the earliest battle in recorded history for which details of tactics and formations are known. It was probably the largest chariot battle ever fought, involving perhaps 5,000--6,000 chariots. After expelling the Hyksos 15th dynasty, the native Egyptian New Kingdom rulers became more aggressive in reclaiming control of their state's borders. Thutmose I, Thutmose III and his son and coregent Amenhotep II fought battles from Megiddo north to the Orontes River, including conflict with Kadesh.[citation needed] Many of the Egyptian campaign accounts between c. 1400 and 1300 BC reflect the general destabilization of the region of the Djahi. The reigns of Thutmose IV and Amenhotep III were undistinguished, except that Egypt continued to lose territory to Mitanni in northern Syria.[citation needed] During the late Egyptian 18th dynasty, the Amarna Letters tell the story of the decline of Egyptian influence in the region. The Egyptians showed flagging interest here until almost the end of the dynasty. Horemheb, the last ruler of this dynasty, campaigned in this region, finally beginning to turn Egyptian interest back to this region.[citation needed] This process continued in the 19th Dynasty. Like his father Ramesses I, Seti I was a military commander and set out to restore Egypt's empire to the days of the Tuthmosis kings almost a century before. Inscriptions on Karnak temple walls record the details of his campaigns into Canaan and Syria. He took 20,000 men and reoccupied abandoned Egyptian posts and garrisoned cities. He made an informal peace with the Hittites, took control of coastal areas along the Mediterranean, and continued to campaign in Canaan. A second campaign led him to capture Kadesh (where a stela commemorated his victory) and Amurru. His son and heir Ramesses II campaigned with him. Historical records exist which record a large weapons order by Ramesses II the year prior to the expedition he led to Kadesh in his fifth regnal year.[citation needed] However, at some point, both regions may have lapsed back into Hittite control. What exactly happened to Amurru is disputed. The Hittitologist Trevor Bryce suggests that, although it may have fallen once again under Hittite control, it is more likely Amurru remained a Hittite vassal state. The immediate antecedents to the Battle of Kadesh were the early campaigns of Ramesses II into Canaan. In the fourth year of his reign, he marched north into Syria, either to recapture Amurru or, as a probing effort, to confirm his vassals' loyalty and explore the terrain of possible battles. The recovery of Amurru was Muwatalli's stated motivation for marching south to confront the Egyptians. Ramesses marched north in the fifth year of his reign and encountered the Hittites at Kadesh. -
6:21EGYPT 461 - PHARAOHS of the XIXth Dynasty - (by Egyptahotep)
EGYPT 461 - PHARAOHS of the XIXth Dynasty - (by Egyptahotep)EGYPT 461 - PHARAOHS of the XIXth Dynasty - (by Egyptahotep)
The XIX Dynasty: RAMESSES I : he was , the commander of royal archers. He held many weighty offices in army, he was later vizier and confidant of Horemheb, appointed by him as heir to the throne. As a vizier he ordered to build for himself a tomb at Gourab. After he had been designated heir to the throne he built for himself a KV16 tomb in the Kings' Valley. The king's mummy was found in Deir el-Bahari, his mummy is now in Luxor museum and his sarcophagus in Cairo Museum. Ramesses I ruled one year and 4 months, as co-regent with his son and successor, Seti I SETI I : Son of Ramesses I. After coming to the rule he was forced to undertake series of war campaigns to Asia and Libya. He made wars with Hittites, conquered the land of Amurru and city of Kadesh. In his 8th regnal year he made war expedition to the land of Jam in Sudan. History records of his warlike deeds add splendor to walls of many Egyptian temples. He erected magnificent temple at Abydos and a number of building structures all over Egypt, among others great hypostyle of the temple of Karnak, mortuary temples in Western Thebes and Memphis. He erected temple of Amun at Napata in Nubia, as well as in other cities. Many temples, destructed during Amarna period, were restored and covered with new reliefs and polychrome. He started building new capital of Ramessides in the Delta. Burial place of the ruler became the finely decorated tomb KV17 in the Kings' Valley. The king's mummy was found in the Deir el-Bahari. RAMESSES II :Son of Seti I by queen Tui. He had 7 legal, royal wives and 200 concubines. Historical sources record that he had 96 sons and 60 daughters. Ramesses II was regarded one of the mightiests (if not the one mightiest) Egyptian pharaohs. Certainly he is the best known ruler of ancient Egypt and a symbol of this land. Three facts went into the making thereof: tremendous building activity, traces of which can be found all over Egypt; active internal policy and presence of military force keeping strong position of Egyptian Empire as well as immensely long rule, comprising 67 years. He was crowned the king after his father's death in June 1279 BC. In his 4th regnal year he made first military campaign into Syria which resulted in relieving of the principality of Amurru ruled by Betneshina. The next year took place battle at Kadesh by Orontes. The course of this most famous in Egyptian history battle is recorded in wall presentations of temples at Abydos, Thebes and Abu Simbel, also in papyri and is called Poem of Pentewere. Egyptian sources present the battle as a great triumph of Egyptian army and pharaoh Ramesses II in person, Hittite sources - in contrary. The fact that in consequence the land of Amurru had been annexed to Hittites' influence zone allows us to conclude that closer to the truth are Hittite sources which record failure (if not complete defeat) of Egyptian army. Next over a dozen-or-so years Ramesses was making numerous war campaigns into Syria-Palestine, consolidating his own influence zone. Treaty made in 1258 with Hittites warranted in writing non-aggression and mutual relieving of political refugees. This is an oldest known historical document made between two foreign countries. In 1245 and 1240 BC to the royal harem arrived two Hittite princesses thus consolidating the peace with the land of Hatti. There are known to us expeditions to land of Jam in Sudan in year 21 of Ramesses reign and to Nubia in year 44, under command of Setau, the viceroy of Kush. Ramesses II reinforced fortresses in the Western Delta which protected from the "sea people" attacks and Libyan tribes. Building activity of the king exceeds that of any other pharaoh and counting out at least part of buildings erected or restored in his times seems to be impossible. There is no city in Egypt where the ruler would not have left traces of his building activities. Temples in Western Thebes (Ramesseum) and Abu Simbel are masterpieces of ancient Egyptian architecture. MERNEPTAH (or Meremptah):The thirteenth son of Ramesses II, his mother was queen Isetnofret I. The most significant event during Merenptah's rule was repulse of Libyans. Building activity of Merenptah focused mainly in Western Thebes and Memphis. SETI II: he was a son of Merenptah. Seti II founded a station for a barge on the courtyard in front of the pylon II at Karnak.Amenemesse Usurped him the throne. AMENEMESSE:he usurped the throne illegally by 4 years in times of Seti II. SIPTAH:was a Son of Seti II and Syrian concubine.In his behalf the rule was held by Twosret, his step mother. Another interesting figure of those times was chancellor Bay, usurping the right to the rule. TWOSRET:Wife of Seti II, step-mother of Siptah. The queen held rule as regent . She started even counting length of her reign including years of regency -
4:31Mitanni (Kurdish) Queen Nefertiti of egypt
Mitanni (Kurdish) Queen Nefertiti of egyptMitanni (Kurdish) Queen Nefertiti of egypt
Queen Nefertiti of Egypt was a native of Kurdish Mitanni princess Tadukhipa. Nefertiti, Egyptian Nfr.t-jy.tj, original pronunciation approximately Nafteta, for ("the beauty has come"). Nefertiti's parentage is not known with certainty, but one often cited theory is that she was the daughter of Ay, later to be pharaoh. Scenes in the tombs of the nobles in Amarna mention the queen’s sister who is named Mutbenret (previously read as Mutnodjemet). Not: Tadukhipa, in the Hurrian language Tadu-Hepa, was the daughter of Tushratta, king of Mitanni (reigned ca. 1382 BC–1342 BC) and his queen Juni, and niece of Artashumara. Tadukhipa's aunt Gilukhipa (sister of Tushratta) had married Pharaoh Amenhotep III in his 10th regnal year. Tadukhipa was to marry Amenhotep III more than two decades later The exact dates of when Nefertiti was married to Akhenaten and later promoted to queenship are uncertain. Their six known daughters (and estimated years of birth) were: *Meritaten: No later than year 1, possibly later became Pharaoh Nefernferuaten. *Meketaten: Year 4. *Ankhesenpaaten, also known as Ankhesenamen, later queen of Tutankhamun *Neferneferuaten Tasherit: Year 8, possibly later became Pharaoh Nefernferuaten. *Neferneferure: Year 9. *Setepenre: Year 11. -
21:39Biblical Nuclear Terrorist Attack Prediction for 2015September16-19 & 21-24
Biblical Nuclear Terrorist Attack Prediction for 2015September16-19 & 21-24Biblical Nuclear Terrorist Attack Prediction for 2015September16-19 & 21-24
these Hebrew dates are not from the modern calendar but from the Biblical Lunar Calendar which is slightly different having 30 days in every month. We are from scripture predicting the first nuclear terrorist attack on 2015Elul30-Tishri2 (2015September16-19) and the second on 2015Tishri5-7 (2015September21-24). These attacks will be upon Manhattan from the Hudson and upon London at Dartford from the Thames. The LWs have changed the date of the late Zoar Pentecost again from 2015Elul21 to 2015Tishri6. They now run the 1335 days of expectation of Daniel12 not from 2008Tishri14, when Satan's 6,000 year lease from 3993Tishri14 (Nisan1 calendar) expired, but from 2008Heshvan2, late 2NC first fruits day, when Jesus appointed FDS4 over the Kingdom. So 1335 BLC days from then is 2012Tammuz17, which is Zoar first fruits and was tablet shattering day of Moses in 1513 BC and the day the constant feature ended in Solomon's temple in 586 BC and in Zerubbabel's temple in 70 AD. It is the Hebrew fast of the 17th of Tammuz. This new festival is the fulfilment of Zechariah8:19 where the 4 Hebrew fasts are changed into feasts. All this means that the attendant will say for the 3rd fire sign of 1Kings18 on 2015Tishri7: Look there is a small cloud like a man's palm ascending from the sea. the cloud having occurred at the end of the late Zoar Pentecost on 2015Tishri6. But 2015Tishri7, the mysterious 7th of 1Kings18:44 is now the 7th day of the 7th month of the 7th regnal year of Jesus over the Kingdom which is the 7th millennium after Adam's sin. The we seized the prophets of Baal from the late Zoar Pentecost on 2-015Tishri6 to the late end of the world Pentecost on 2016Tebbeth5. So this new interpretation could not be more Pentecostal or more seventhy! Whereas the 2nd fire sign of 1Kings18 is now predicited to fall on 2015Elul30-~Tishri2, essentially its 2015Tishri1, the feast of trumpets/alarm/shouting. This is the first day of the acceptable/goodwill year of Isaiah61, which is the Time of DIstress of Daniel12, and the illustrious and epiphanaic day of Joel2 and Acts2 and the 7th secular year under Jesus which is the Kingdom Sabbath year during which we all receive our inheritance by Lot as was the case with Israel and the promised land. The greater meaning of the battle of Jericho in Joshua6 is that we go around Laodicea (the closed up LW sect within the JWs) for the first 6 regnal years of Jesus over the Kingdom from 2009Nisan1 to 2015Nisan1. Then we go around for 7 months in the 7th year which takes us to 2015Tishri. We then shout and blow trumpets due to the alarm caused by the 2nd fire sign on 2015Tishri1, the festival of trumpets shouting and alarm. -
3:23Feast of Trumpets, by George Saint George, Brazosport Band
Feast of Trumpets, by George Saint George, Brazosport BandFeast of Trumpets, by George Saint George, Brazosport Band
Feast of Trumpets. Brazosport Community College Band. Copyright: George St. George 2009. "[God] commanded that Tishri 1 be designated as the Day of Trumpets. The word trumpets in Hebrew is shofar, literally rams horns (Leviticus 23:23-25)." "...trumpets were blown and special offerings were made at the beginning of every month (Numbers 10:10; 28:11-15; Psalms 81:3). But a comparison will show that the trumpet-blowing and offerings of Tishri 1 were singled out and were more extensive than for any other month. Edersheim says that in Jesus time, During the whole of New Years Day [Tishri 1], trumpets and horns were blown in Jerusalem from morning to evening (Edersheim, The Temple, pp. 297-298.)" "Just as age was reckoned from Tishri 1 to Tishri 1 during Noahs time, so were the regnal years of the Judean kings. In other words, the years of the reign of the kings, such as David and Solomon, were counted from Tishri 1 to Tishri 1 (This is thoroughly documented by Edwin R. Thiele in his work 'The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings', rev. ed. (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1965), pp. 28-31, 161-163.)" "...the blowing of trumpets, associated with Tishri 1, was also part of the coronation ceremony for a new king (2 Kings 11:12-14.)" "Edersheim understands the blowing of trumpets to have maintained this royal and Godly significance in Christs time (Edersheim, The Temple, p. 290.)" "Tishri 1 was the seventh new moon, the beginning of the seventh month, and the great Day of Trumpets (Edersheims comment in his book The Temple, pp. 294-295, is pertinent in this regard: Quite distinct from the other new moons, and more sacred than they, was that of the seventh month, or Tishri, partly on account of the symbolical meaning of the seventh or sabbatical month, in which the great feasts of the Day of Atonement and of Tabernacles occurred, and partly, perhaps, because it also marked the commencement of the civil year)..." "Thus, Tishri 1 with the blowing of the trumpets noted the birth of the king of kings. What an appropriate and notable day for Jesus Christ to have been born! What perfect alignment of history..." "It was the first day of the seventh month, the last festal month of Moses calendar. It was the day beginning the regnal years of the kings of Judah. It was the great Day of Trumpets celebrating Jehovah as the one True God." "On that very day, Tishri 1, September 11,3 B.C., Jesus Christ, Gods only begotten Son, was born in Bethlehem. Unknown to the people, the trumpet sounds which blew from morning to evening in Jerusalem heralded God as the King over all and His Son as the promised king under the King, God. Yes, the Messiah, the promised seed, the second Adam, had been born." From: Wierwille, V. P. 1982. Jesus Christ Our Promised Seed, American Christian Press. pp. 78-83. -
26:01Empress Liu E (劉娥) (died 314), courtesy name Lihua
Empress Liu E (劉娥) (died 314), courtesy name LihuaEmpress Liu E (劉娥) (died 314), courtesy name Lihua
.314 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search This article is about the year 314. For the number, see 314 (number). For other uses, see 314 (disambiguation). Millennium: 1st millennium Centuries: 3rd century – 4th century – 5th century Decades: 280s 290s 300s – 310s – 320s 330s 340s Years: 311 312 313 – 314 – 315 316 317 314 by topic Politics State leaders – Sovereign states Birth and death categories Births – Deaths Establishment and disestablishment categories Establishments – Disestablishments v· t· e 314 in other calendars Gregorian calendar 314 CCCXIV Ab urbe condita 1067 Armenian calendar N/A Assyrian calendar 5064 Bahá'í calendar −1530 – −1529 Bengali calendar −279 Berber calendar 1264 English Regnal year N/A Buddhist calendar 858 Burmese calendar −324 Byzantine calendar 5822–5823 Chinese calendar 癸酉年 (Water Rooster) 3010 or 2950 — to — 甲戌年 (Wood Dog) 3011 or 2951 Coptic calendar 30–31 Discordian calendar 1480 Ethiopian calendar 306–307 Hebrew calendar 4074–4075 Hindu calendars - Vikram Samvat 370–371 - Shaka Samvat 236–237 - Kali Yuga 3415–3416 Holocene calendar 10314 Igbo calendar −686 – −685 Iranian calendar 308 BP – 307 BP Islamic calendar 318 BH – 316 BH Japanese calendar N/A Juche calendar N/A Julian calendar 314 CCCXIV Korean calendar 2647 Minguo calendar 1598 before ROC 民前1598年 Thai solar calendar 857 This box: view· talk· edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to 314. Emperor Constantine the Great Year 314 (CCCXIV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Rufius and Annianus (or, less frequently, year 1067 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 314 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events[edit] By place[edit] Roman Empire[edit] October 8 – Battle of Cibalae: Constantine the Great defeats his rival Licinius near the town of Colonia Aurelia Cibalae (modern Vinkovci, Croatia). Licinius is forced to flee to Sirmium, and loses all of the Balkans except for Thrace. Peace negotiations are initiated between the two Augusti, but they are unsuccessful. A large Pictish raid southwards is attempted. January 11 – Pope Miltiades' reign ends. January 31 – Pope Sylvester I succeeds Pope Miltiades as the 33rd pope. August 30 – Council of Arles: Confirms the pronouncement of Donatism as a schism, and passes other canons. Synod of Ancyra: Consulting a magician is declared a sin earning five years of penance. Alexander becomes Bishop of Byzantium. Births[edit] Libanius, Greek rhetorician and sophist (approximate date) Li Qi, emperor of the Ba-Di state Cheng Han (d. 338) Zhi Dun, Chinese Buddhist monk and philosopher (d. 366) Deaths[edit] January 10 – Pope Miltiades Saint Metrophanes, Bishop of Byzantium Empress Liu E -
0:29Regnal Meaning
Regnal MeaningRegnal Meaning
Video shows what regnal means. Of or pertaining to the reign of a monarch (or pope). Describing the year of a monarch's reign starting from the date of accession. Regnal Meaning. How to pronounce, definition audio dictionary. How to say regnal. Powered by MaryTTS, Wiktionary -
12:56Ancient city Kyoto(Japan) Ninna-ji（仁和寺）
Ancient city Kyoto(Japan) Ninna-ji（仁和寺）Ancient city Kyoto(Japan) Ninna-ji（仁和寺）
Ninna-ji (仁和寺 Ninna-ji) is the head temple of the Omuro school of Shingon Buddhism. Located in western Kyoto, Japan, it was founded in AD 888 by the retired Emperor Uda. It is part of the "Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto", a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Ninna-ji was founded in the early Heian period. In 886, Emperor Kōkō ordered the construction of the Nishiyama Goganji Temple to bless the nation and propagate Buddhist teachings, but he did not live to see its completion. Emperor Uda saw the construction to its completion in 888 and named it "Ninna" after the regnal year of the late Emperor Kōkō's reign. From 888 to 1869 it was traditional for reigning Emperors to send a son to the temple to take over as head priest when a vacancy arose. After retiring from his throne, Emperor Uda became the first Monzeki, or aristocratic priest, of Ninna-ji. From then on until the end of the Edo period, the temple saw a succession of head priests of imperial lineage. In 1467, the temple was destroyed by fire and fighting in the Ōnin War. It was rebuilt roughly 150 year later, thanks to the eldest son of Emperor Go-Yōzei, Kakushin Hosshinnō, who enlisted the help of Tokugawa Iemitsu, the third shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate. The resurrection coincided with the rebuilding of the Imperial Palace in Kyoto and thus received imperial funding. The tradition of having aristocratic or persons of imperial lineage serve as chief of the temple ended with the 30th Monzeki, Junnin Hosshinnō in the late Edo period. Most of the surviving buildings date from the 17th century, and include a five-storey pagoda and a plantation of dwarf cherry trees. The temple itself features some beautifully painted screen walls, and a beautiful walled garden. Behind the temple there is a miniature version of the renowned 88-temple pilgrimage in Shikoku.－Transcribed from Wikipedia－
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Regnal year Meaning
Video shows what regnal year means. A year in the reign of a monarch, beginning on the day of accession, the set of which are numbered ordinally. Formerly laws in the United Kingdom were identified in part by the regnal year of the monarch, and this practice is still followed in some Commonwealth countries.. Regnal year Meaning. How to pronounce, definition audio dictionary. How to say regnal year. Powered by MaryTTS, Wiktionary -
Regnal year
Regnal year =======Image-Copyright-Info======== License: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (CC-BY-SA-3.0) LicenseLink: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ Author-Info: User:S Sepp Image Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wooden_hourglass_3.jpg =======Image-Copyright-Info======== ☆Video is targeted to blind users Attribution: Article text available under CC-BY-SA image source in video -
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Brihadisvara Temple at Thanjavur The celebrated Saiva temple at Thanjavur, appropriately called Brihadisvara and Daksinameru, is the grandest creation of the Chola emperor Rajaraja (AD 985-1012). It was inaugurated by the king himself in his 19th regnal year (AD 1009-10) and named it after himself as Rajesvara Peruvudaiyar. Architecturally, it is the most ambitious structural temple built of granite. It has been regarded as a 'landmark in the evolution of building art in south India' and its vimana as a 'touchstone of Indian architecture as a whole'. The temple is within a spacious inner prakara of 240.9 m long (east-west) and 122 m broad (north-south), with a gopura at the east and three other ordinary torana entrances one at each lateral sides and the third at rear. Brihadisvara templ... -
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World Heritage Great Living Chola Temples in India
According to Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) The celebrated Saiva temple at Thanjavur, appropriately called Brihadisvara and Daksinameru, is the grandest creation of the Chola emperor Rajaraja (AD 985-1012). It was inaugurated by the king himself in his 19th regnal year (AD 1009-10) and named it after himself as Rajesvara Peruvudaiyar. Architecturally, it is the most ambitious structural temple built of granite. It has been regarded as a ‘landmark in the evolution of building art in south India’ and its vimana as a ‘touchstone of Indian architecture as a whole’. The temple is within a spacious inner prakara of 240.9 m long (east-west) and 122 m broad (north-south), with a gopura at the east and three other ordinary torana entrances one at each lateral sides and the third at rear. The... -
Adham Khan
Adham Khan was a general of Akbar. He was the younger son of Maham Anga, he thus became the foster brother of Akbar. In his fourth regnal year, Akbar married him to the daughter of Baqi Khan Baqlani. This video is targeted to blind users. Attribution: Article text available under CC-BY-SA Creative Commons image source in video -
Egyptian Pharaoh Ramesses II vs the Hittite Emperor Muwatalli II at the Battle of Kadesh
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Biblical Nuclear Terrorist Attack Prediction for 2015September16-19 & 21-24
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Feast of Trumpets, by George Saint George, Brazosport Band
Feast of Trumpets. Brazosport Community College Band. Copyright: George St. George 2009. "[God] commanded that Tishri 1 be designated as the Day of Trumpets. The word trumpets in Hebrew is shofar, literally rams horns (Leviticus 23:23-25)." "...trumpets were blown and special offerings were made at the beginning of every month (Numbers 10:10; 28:11-15; Psalms 81:3). But a comparison will show that the trumpet-blowing and offerings of Tishri 1 were singled out and were more extensive than for any other month. Edersheim says that in Jesus time, During the whole of New Years Day [Tishri 1], trumpets and horns were blown in Jerusalem from morning to evening (Edersheim, The Temple, pp. 297-298.)" "Just as age was reckoned from Tishri 1 to Tishri 1 during Noahs time, so were the regn... -
Empress Liu E (劉娥) (died 314), courtesy name Lihua
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Regnal Meaning
Video shows what regnal means. Of or pertaining to the reign of a monarch (or pope). Describing the year of a monarch's reign starting from the date of accession. Regnal Meaning. How to pronounce, definition audio dictionary. How to say regnal. Powered by MaryTTS, Wiktionary -
Ancient city Kyoto(Japan) Ninna-ji（仁和寺）
Ninna-ji (仁和寺 Ninna-ji) is the head temple of the Omuro school of Shingon Buddhism. Located in western Kyoto, Japan, it was founded in AD 888 by the retired Emperor Uda. It is part of the "Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto", a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Ninna-ji was founded in the early Heian period. In 886, Emperor Kōkō ordered the construction of the Nishiyama Goganji Temple to bless the nation and propagate Buddhist teachings, but he did not live to see its completion. Emperor Uda saw the construction to its completion in 888 and named it "Ninna" after the regnal year of the late Emperor Kōkō's reign. From 888 to 1869 it was traditional for reigning Emperors to send a son to the temple to take over as head priest when a vacancy arose. After retiring from his throne, Emperor Uda bec... -
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Antiquities minister announces opening of pyramid and tombs
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The Epic Story of Bhakta Heliodorus
Hindu Epics such as Mahabharata have often been described as myths. "On the same day that Krishna departed from the earth the powerful dark-bodied Kali Age descended. The oceans rose and submerged the whole of Dwaraka." According to Vishnu Purana - Dwaraka was submerged by the sea right after the death of Lord Krishna. This was regarded as a grandiose metaphor, part of a story filled with great myths. In the early eighties an important archaeological site was found in India, at Dwaraka, the site of the legendary city of Lord Krishna. Now, it is discovered that the whole coast of western India sank by nearly 40 feet around 1500 B.C. E. Heliodorus, the son of Dia (Dion), a resident of Taxila had come to Besnagar as an envoy of the Greek king Antalikata (Antialkidas) to the court of Kasiputr... -
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A walk inside the complex of Brahmeswara Temple
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ΚΟΣΜΟΠΟΛΙΣ
‘Year 149 (of the Seleucid era = 163/2 BC), Antiochus (V) king, month V[II, day x]. The Greeks, as they are called, the p[olitai], who in the past at the command of king Antiochus (IV) [had entered] Baby[lon] and who anoint with oil just like the pol[i tai] who are in Seleucia, the royal city, on the Tigris and the King’sCanal, [did] b[attle] with the prefect (šaknu) and the people of the land who are in Babylon. Day 8, at the command of the governor (pāhātu) of Babylon [the ...... and] the women, who among the politai, the people of the land, (and) the b[oul]ē, from Babylon into the region below Babylon because of the battle with the [prefect and his] troop[s, had gone ,] returned into Babylon.’ Of special interest are the ‘boundary marks’ given by the Babylonian scribe to the new group.... -
Brahmeswara Temple : a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva
Brahmeswara Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Siva located in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, erected at the end of the 9th century CE, is richly carved inside and out. This Hindu temple can be dated with fair accuracy by the use of inscriptions that were originally on the temple. They are now unfortunately lost, but records of them preserve the information of around 1058 CE. The temple is built in the 18th regnal year of the Somavamsi king Udyotakesari by his mother Kolavati Devi, which corresponds to 1058 CE. The temple is built with traditional architectural methods of wood carving, but applied on stone building. The buildings were built in a shape of full volume pyramid, and then the would be carved inside and outside. The basic structure of the Orissan temple has two connecting buildi... -
Odisha's Brahmeswara Temple
Brahmeswara Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Siva located in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, erected at the end of the 9th century CE, is richly carved inside and out. This Hindu temple can be dated with fair accuracy by the use of inscriptions that were originally on the temple. They are now unfortunately lost, but records of them preserve the information of around 1058 CE. The temple is built in the 18th regnal year of the Somavamsi king Udyotakesari by his mother Kolavati Devi, which corresponds to 1058 CE. The temple is built with traditional architectural methods of wood carving, but applied on stone building. The buildings were built in a shape of full volume pyramid, and then the would be carved inside and outside. The basic structure of the Orissan temple has two connecting buildi... -
Brahmeswara Temple : Architectural jewel of Odisha
Brahmeswara Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Siva located in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, erected at the end of the 9th century CE, is richly carved inside and out. This Hindu temple can be dated with fair accuracy by the use of inscriptions that were originally on the temple. They are now unfortunately lost, but records of them preserve the information of around 1058 CE. The temple is built in the 18th regnal year of the Somavamsi king Udyotakesari by his mother Kolavati Devi, which corresponds to 1058 CE. The temple is built with traditional architectural methods of wood carving, but applied on stone building. The buildings were built in a shape of full volume pyramid, and then the would be carved inside and outside. The basic structure of the Orissan temple has two connecting buildi...
Regnal year Meaning
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:37
- Updated: 11 May 2015
- views: 49
Video shows what regnal year means. A year in the reign of a monarch, beginning on the day of accession, the set of which are numbered ordinally. Formerly laws ...
Video shows what regnal year means. A year in the reign of a monarch, beginning on the day of accession, the set of which are numbered ordinally. Formerly laws in the United Kingdom were identified in part by the regnal year of the monarch, and this practice is still followed in some Commonwealth countries.. Regnal year Meaning. How to pronounce, definition audio dictionary. How to say regnal year. Powered by MaryTTS, Wiktionary
wn.com/Regnal Year Meaning
Video shows what regnal year means. A year in the reign of a monarch, beginning on the day of accession, the set of which are numbered ordinally. Formerly laws in the United Kingdom were identified in part by the regnal year of the monarch, and this practice is still followed in some Commonwealth countries.. Regnal year Meaning. How to pronounce, definition audio dictionary. How to say regnal year. Powered by MaryTTS, Wiktionary
- published: 11 May 2015
- views: 49
Regnal year
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:46
- Updated: 29 Dec 2015
- views: 8
Regnal year
=======Image-Copyright-Info========
License: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (CC-BY-SA-3.0)
LicenseLink: http://creativecommons.org/...
Regnal year
=======Image-Copyright-Info========
License: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (CC-BY-SA-3.0)
LicenseLink: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
Author-Info: User:S Sepp
Image Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wooden_hourglass_3.jpg
=======Image-Copyright-Info========
☆Video is targeted to blind users
Attribution:
Article text available under CC-BY-SA
image source in video
wn.com/Regnal Year
Regnal year
=======Image-Copyright-Info========
License: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (CC-BY-SA-3.0)
LicenseLink: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
Author-Info: User:S Sepp
Image Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wooden_hourglass_3.jpg
=======Image-Copyright-Info========
☆Video is targeted to blind users
Attribution:
Article text available under CC-BY-SA
image source in video
- published: 29 Dec 2015
- views: 8
Living Legacies: Film on Chola Temples of Thanjavur and Kumbhakonam
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 32:38
- Updated: 04 Nov 2013
- views: 59430
Brihadisvara Temple at Thanjavur
The celebrated Saiva temple at Thanjavur, appropriately called Brihadisvara and Daksinameru, is the grandest creation of the C...
Brihadisvara Temple at Thanjavur
The celebrated Saiva temple at Thanjavur, appropriately called Brihadisvara and Daksinameru, is the grandest creation of the Chola emperor Rajaraja (AD 985-1012). It was inaugurated by the king himself in his 19th regnal year (AD 1009-10) and named it after himself as Rajesvara Peruvudaiyar. Architecturally, it is the most ambitious structural temple built of granite. It has been regarded as a 'landmark in the evolution of building art in south India' and its vimana as a 'touchstone of Indian architecture as a whole'. The temple is within a spacious inner prakara of 240.9 m long (east-west) and 122 m broad (north-south), with a gopura at the east and three other ordinary torana entrances one at each lateral sides and the third at rear.
Brihadisvara temple, Gangaikondacholapuram, Dist. Perambalur
Rajendra I (AD 1012-1044), the illustrious son of the great Chola king Rajaraja I (AD 985-1014) chose this location to build a new a great capital city for the Chola Empire most probably during the first quarter of 11th century in order to commemorate his conquest over northern territories. Nonetheless, he not only built a city, now in ruins and excavated partially but also a great temple for Siva. The Brihadisvara at Tanjavur had influenced this temple in many ways like the vast conception of the lay out and massive proportion of the elevation.
The lay out -- the sanctum with its axial units, the Chandikesvara shrine, the cloister mandapa with the subsidiary shrines and a gopura is similar to Tanjavur. The location of two smaller shrines -- The South and North Kailasa (now the Amman shrine) are different. But the architect of this edifice has shown remarkable intelligence to correct some of the shortcomings in the design of the Brihadisvara at Tanjavur like the provision for erecting a wooden scaffolding in the masonry of the sanctum, the pleasing elevation by appropriately changing and placing the hara elements etc.
The inscription recording accurately the donations to the God of the temple is missing here. In fact, there is no inscription of Rajendra himself. The earliest inscription is that of his son, but recording the donations of his father.
The temple has sculptures of exceptional quality like the dancing Ganesa, Ardhanari, Dakshinamurthi, Harihara, Adavallan (Nataraja) (on south wall niches), Gangadhara, Lingodhbhava, Vishnu, Subrahmanya, Vishnu-anugrahmurthi (west wall), Kalanthakamurthi, Durga, Brahma, Bairava, Kamantaka (north wall). But the most outstanding sculptures are found in the niches by the side of the northern entrance steps to the sanctum. They are the Chandesanugrahamurti and Sarasvati. The bronzes of Bhogasakti and Subrahmanya are masterpieces of Chola metal icons. The Saurapitha (Solar altar), the lotus altar with eight deities is considered auspicious.
A British officer in 19th century considered this temple as the best source for stones for the construction of a weir across the river Kollidam and therefore ordered its demolition. But the temple was not demolished due to protest by the locals.
Airavatesvara temple, Darasuram, Dist. Tanjavur
Built by the Chola king Rajaraja II (AD 1143-1173), this temple is a gem of Chola architecture. Though much smaller in size when compared to the Brihadisvara temple at Tanjavur and Gangaikondacholapuram, this temple is different as it is highly ornate in execution. The temple consists of a sanctum without a circumambulatory path and axial mandapas. The front mandapa known in the inscriptions as Rajagambhiran tirumandapam, is unique as it was conceptualised as a chariot with wheels. The pillars of this mandapa are highly ornate. The elevation of all the units is elegant with sculptures dominating the architecture.
A number of sculptures from this temple like the full set of Bhikshatana with rishi patnis is various moods, are now preserved in the Tanjavur Art Gallery. They are the masterpieces of Chola art. Remaining ones like Nagaraja, Agastya, dancing Martanda Bhairava, Sarabhamurti, Ganesa etc., are equally gracious. The labelled miniature friezes extolling the events that happened to the 63 nayanmars (Saiva saints) are noteworthy and reflect the deep roots of Saivism in this region. In fact, the king made donation for the singing of hymns from Thevaram, the Saivite sacred book in Tamil, in this temple.
The construction of a separate temple for Devi, slightly later than the main temple, indicates the emergence of Amman shrine as an essential component of the south Indian temple complex.
wn.com/Living Legacies Film On Chola Temples Of Thanjavur And Kumbhakonam
Brihadisvara Temple at Thanjavur
The celebrated Saiva temple at Thanjavur, appropriately called Brihadisvara and Daksinameru, is the grandest creation of the Chola emperor Rajaraja (AD 985-1012). It was inaugurated by the king himself in his 19th regnal year (AD 1009-10) and named it after himself as Rajesvara Peruvudaiyar. Architecturally, it is the most ambitious structural temple built of granite. It has been regarded as a 'landmark in the evolution of building art in south India' and its vimana as a 'touchstone of Indian architecture as a whole'. The temple is within a spacious inner prakara of 240.9 m long (east-west) and 122 m broad (north-south), with a gopura at the east and three other ordinary torana entrances one at each lateral sides and the third at rear.
Brihadisvara temple, Gangaikondacholapuram, Dist. Perambalur
Rajendra I (AD 1012-1044), the illustrious son of the great Chola king Rajaraja I (AD 985-1014) chose this location to build a new a great capital city for the Chola Empire most probably during the first quarter of 11th century in order to commemorate his conquest over northern territories. Nonetheless, he not only built a city, now in ruins and excavated partially but also a great temple for Siva. The Brihadisvara at Tanjavur had influenced this temple in many ways like the vast conception of the lay out and massive proportion of the elevation.
The lay out -- the sanctum with its axial units, the Chandikesvara shrine, the cloister mandapa with the subsidiary shrines and a gopura is similar to Tanjavur. The location of two smaller shrines -- The South and North Kailasa (now the Amman shrine) are different. But the architect of this edifice has shown remarkable intelligence to correct some of the shortcomings in the design of the Brihadisvara at Tanjavur like the provision for erecting a wooden scaffolding in the masonry of the sanctum, the pleasing elevation by appropriately changing and placing the hara elements etc.
The inscription recording accurately the donations to the God of the temple is missing here. In fact, there is no inscription of Rajendra himself. The earliest inscription is that of his son, but recording the donations of his father.
The temple has sculptures of exceptional quality like the dancing Ganesa, Ardhanari, Dakshinamurthi, Harihara, Adavallan (Nataraja) (on south wall niches), Gangadhara, Lingodhbhava, Vishnu, Subrahmanya, Vishnu-anugrahmurthi (west wall), Kalanthakamurthi, Durga, Brahma, Bairava, Kamantaka (north wall). But the most outstanding sculptures are found in the niches by the side of the northern entrance steps to the sanctum. They are the Chandesanugrahamurti and Sarasvati. The bronzes of Bhogasakti and Subrahmanya are masterpieces of Chola metal icons. The Saurapitha (Solar altar), the lotus altar with eight deities is considered auspicious.
A British officer in 19th century considered this temple as the best source for stones for the construction of a weir across the river Kollidam and therefore ordered its demolition. But the temple was not demolished due to protest by the locals.
Airavatesvara temple, Darasuram, Dist. Tanjavur
Built by the Chola king Rajaraja II (AD 1143-1173), this temple is a gem of Chola architecture. Though much smaller in size when compared to the Brihadisvara temple at Tanjavur and Gangaikondacholapuram, this temple is different as it is highly ornate in execution. The temple consists of a sanctum without a circumambulatory path and axial mandapas. The front mandapa known in the inscriptions as Rajagambhiran tirumandapam, is unique as it was conceptualised as a chariot with wheels. The pillars of this mandapa are highly ornate. The elevation of all the units is elegant with sculptures dominating the architecture.
A number of sculptures from this temple like the full set of Bhikshatana with rishi patnis is various moods, are now preserved in the Tanjavur Art Gallery. They are the masterpieces of Chola art. Remaining ones like Nagaraja, Agastya, dancing Martanda Bhairava, Sarabhamurti, Ganesa etc., are equally gracious. The labelled miniature friezes extolling the events that happened to the 63 nayanmars (Saiva saints) are noteworthy and reflect the deep roots of Saivism in this region. In fact, the king made donation for the singing of hymns from Thevaram, the Saivite sacred book in Tamil, in this temple.
The construction of a separate temple for Devi, slightly later than the main temple, indicates the emergence of Amman shrine as an essential component of the south Indian temple complex.
- published: 04 Nov 2013
- views: 59430
A5. When Ancient Jerusalem Was Destroyed: Nabonidus, the last king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:06
- Updated: 29 May 2013
- views: 1006
A video appendix to accompany the series When Ancient Jerusalem Was Destroyed. Appendix 5 discusses gives highlights of the reign of Nabonidus, the last king of...
A video appendix to accompany the series When Ancient Jerusalem Was Destroyed. Appendix 5 discusses gives highlights of the reign of Nabonidus, the last king of the Neo-Babylonian dynasty (Assession year: 556, Regnal Years: 555 to 538 BC). His mother, Addagoppe, was an important figure in his life, and upon her death, he commissioned a stele in her honor that corroborates conventional chronology, both in regard to the Neo-Babylonian kings, but the lengths of their rule. In 539 BC, 70 years after Babylon overthrew Assyria, Babylon itself was overthrown by Persian King, Cyrus the Great.
wn.com/A5. When Ancient Jerusalem Was Destroyed Nabonidus, The Last King Of The Neo Babylonian Empire
A video appendix to accompany the series When Ancient Jerusalem Was Destroyed. Appendix 5 discusses gives highlights of the reign of Nabonidus, the last king of the Neo-Babylonian dynasty (Assession year: 556, Regnal Years: 555 to 538 BC). His mother, Addagoppe, was an important figure in his life, and upon her death, he commissioned a stele in her honor that corroborates conventional chronology, both in regard to the Neo-Babylonian kings, but the lengths of their rule. In 539 BC, 70 years after Babylon overthrew Assyria, Babylon itself was overthrown by Persian King, Cyrus the Great.
- published: 29 May 2013
- views: 1006
World Heritage Great Living Chola Temples in India
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:25
- Updated: 25 Nov 2015
- views: 14
According to Archaeological Survey of India (ASI)
The celebrated Saiva temple at Thanjavur, appropriately called Brihadisvara and Daksinameru, is the grandest ...
According to Archaeological Survey of India (ASI)
The celebrated Saiva temple at Thanjavur, appropriately called Brihadisvara and Daksinameru, is the grandest creation of the Chola emperor Rajaraja (AD 985-1012). It was inaugurated by the king himself in his 19th regnal year (AD 1009-10) and named it after himself as Rajesvara Peruvudaiyar. Architecturally, it is the most ambitious structural temple built of granite. It has been regarded as a ‘landmark in the evolution of building art in south India’ and its vimana as a ‘touchstone of Indian architecture as a whole’. The temple is within a spacious inner prakara of 240.9 m long (east-west) and 122 m broad (north-south), with a gopura at the east and three other ordinary torana entrances one at each lateral sides and the third at rear. The prakara is surrounded by a double-storeyed malika with parivaralayas. The temple with its massive proportions and simplicity of design provided inspiration for future designs in constructions not only in south India but also in south-east Asia.
The sikhara, a cupolic dome, is octagonal and rests on a single block of granite, a square of 7.8 m weighing 80 tons. The majestic upapitha and adhishthana are common to all the axially placed entities like the ardha-maha and mukha-mandapas and linked to the main sanctum but approached through a north-south transept across the ardha-mandapa which is marked by lofty sopanas. The moulded plinth is extensively engraved with inscriptions by its royal builder who refers to his many endowments, pious acts and organisational events connected to the temple. The brihad-linga within the sanctum is 8.7 m high. Life-size iconographic representations on the wall niches and inner passages include Durga, Lakshmi, Sarasvati and Bhikshatana, Virabhadra, Kalantaka, Natesa, Ardhanarisvara and Alingana forms of Siva. The mural paintings on the walls of the lower ambulatory inside are finest examples of Chola and later periods which depict the contemporaneous scenes with legendary ones.
Sarfoji, a local Maratha ruler, rebuilt the Ganapati shrine. The celebrated Thanjavur School of paintings of the Nayakas is largely superimposed over the Chola murals. The temple is rich in iconography as well as inscriptions which provide an account of events showing achievements, financial arrangements, donations and bearing an impression of contemporary society.
Two great Chola Temples of the 11th and 12th centuries have been added to the 11th century Brihadisvara temple of Thanjavur, inscribed in 1987. The Great Living Chola Temples were built by kings of the Chola Empire, which stretched over all of South India and the neighbouring islands. The site now includes the three great 11th and 12th century Chola Temples: the Brihadisvara temple of Thanjavur, the Temple of Gangaikondacholapuram and the Airavatesvara temple at Darasuram.
The Temple of Gangaikondacholapuram, built by Rajendra I, was completed in 1035. Its 53-m vimana (sanctum tower) has recessed corners and a graceful upward curving movement, contrasting with the straight and severe tower at Thanjavur. It has six pairs of massive, monolithic dvarapalas statues guarding the entrances and bronzes of remarkable beauty inside. The Airavatesvara temple complex at Darasuram, built by Rajaraja II, features a 24-m vimana and a stone image of Shiva. The temples testify to the Cholas brilliant achievements in architecture, sculpture, painting, and bronze casting.
wn.com/World Heritage Great Living Chola Temples In India
According to Archaeological Survey of India (ASI)
The celebrated Saiva temple at Thanjavur, appropriately called Brihadisvara and Daksinameru, is the grandest creation of the Chola emperor Rajaraja (AD 985-1012). It was inaugurated by the king himself in his 19th regnal year (AD 1009-10) and named it after himself as Rajesvara Peruvudaiyar. Architecturally, it is the most ambitious structural temple built of granite. It has been regarded as a ‘landmark in the evolution of building art in south India’ and its vimana as a ‘touchstone of Indian architecture as a whole’. The temple is within a spacious inner prakara of 240.9 m long (east-west) and 122 m broad (north-south), with a gopura at the east and three other ordinary torana entrances one at each lateral sides and the third at rear. The prakara is surrounded by a double-storeyed malika with parivaralayas. The temple with its massive proportions and simplicity of design provided inspiration for future designs in constructions not only in south India but also in south-east Asia.
The sikhara, a cupolic dome, is octagonal and rests on a single block of granite, a square of 7.8 m weighing 80 tons. The majestic upapitha and adhishthana are common to all the axially placed entities like the ardha-maha and mukha-mandapas and linked to the main sanctum but approached through a north-south transept across the ardha-mandapa which is marked by lofty sopanas. The moulded plinth is extensively engraved with inscriptions by its royal builder who refers to his many endowments, pious acts and organisational events connected to the temple. The brihad-linga within the sanctum is 8.7 m high. Life-size iconographic representations on the wall niches and inner passages include Durga, Lakshmi, Sarasvati and Bhikshatana, Virabhadra, Kalantaka, Natesa, Ardhanarisvara and Alingana forms of Siva. The mural paintings on the walls of the lower ambulatory inside are finest examples of Chola and later periods which depict the contemporaneous scenes with legendary ones.
Sarfoji, a local Maratha ruler, rebuilt the Ganapati shrine. The celebrated Thanjavur School of paintings of the Nayakas is largely superimposed over the Chola murals. The temple is rich in iconography as well as inscriptions which provide an account of events showing achievements, financial arrangements, donations and bearing an impression of contemporary society.
Two great Chola Temples of the 11th and 12th centuries have been added to the 11th century Brihadisvara temple of Thanjavur, inscribed in 1987. The Great Living Chola Temples were built by kings of the Chola Empire, which stretched over all of South India and the neighbouring islands. The site now includes the three great 11th and 12th century Chola Temples: the Brihadisvara temple of Thanjavur, the Temple of Gangaikondacholapuram and the Airavatesvara temple at Darasuram.
The Temple of Gangaikondacholapuram, built by Rajendra I, was completed in 1035. Its 53-m vimana (sanctum tower) has recessed corners and a graceful upward curving movement, contrasting with the straight and severe tower at Thanjavur. It has six pairs of massive, monolithic dvarapalas statues guarding the entrances and bronzes of remarkable beauty inside. The Airavatesvara temple complex at Darasuram, built by Rajaraja II, features a 24-m vimana and a stone image of Shiva. The temples testify to the Cholas brilliant achievements in architecture, sculpture, painting, and bronze casting.
- published: 25 Nov 2015
- views: 14
Adham Khan
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:56
- Updated: 28 Oct 2015
- views: 2
Adham Khan was a general of Akbar. He was the younger son of Maham Anga, he thus became the foster brother of Akbar. In his fourth regnal year, Akbar married hi...
Adham Khan was a general of Akbar. He was the younger son of Maham Anga, he thus became the foster brother of Akbar. In his fourth regnal year, Akbar married him to the daughter of Baqi Khan Baqlani.
This video is targeted to blind users.
Attribution:
Article text available under CC-BY-SA
Creative Commons image source in video
wn.com/Adham Khan
Adham Khan was a general of Akbar. He was the younger son of Maham Anga, he thus became the foster brother of Akbar. In his fourth regnal year, Akbar married him to the daughter of Baqi Khan Baqlani.
This video is targeted to blind users.
Attribution:
Article text available under CC-BY-SA
Creative Commons image source in video
- published: 28 Oct 2015
- views: 2
Egyptian Pharaoh Ramesses II vs the Hittite Emperor Muwatalli II at the Battle of Kadesh
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 44:53
- Updated: 23 Jan 2014
- views: 2738
This show focuses on the clash between Egyptian Pharaoh Ramesses II and the Hittite Emperor Muwatalli II at the Battle of Kadesh.
The Battle of Kadesh (also Qa...
This show focuses on the clash between Egyptian Pharaoh Ramesses II and the Hittite Emperor Muwatalli II at the Battle of Kadesh.
The Battle of Kadesh (also Qadesh) took place between the forces of the Egyptian Empire under Ramesses II and the Hittite Empire under Muwatalli II at the city of Kadesh on the Orontes River, in what is now the Syrian Arab Republic.
The battle is generally dated to 1274 BC, and is the earliest battle in recorded history for which details of tactics and formations are known. It was probably the largest chariot battle ever fought, involving perhaps 5,000--6,000 chariots.
After expelling the Hyksos 15th dynasty, the native Egyptian New Kingdom rulers became more aggressive in reclaiming control of their state's borders. Thutmose I, Thutmose III and his son and coregent Amenhotep II fought battles from Megiddo north to the Orontes River, including conflict with Kadesh.[citation needed]
Many of the Egyptian campaign accounts between c. 1400 and 1300 BC reflect the general destabilization of the region of the Djahi. The reigns of Thutmose IV and Amenhotep III were undistinguished, except that Egypt continued to lose territory to Mitanni in northern Syria.[citation needed]
During the late Egyptian 18th dynasty, the Amarna Letters tell the story of the decline of Egyptian influence in the region. The Egyptians showed flagging interest here until almost the end of the dynasty. Horemheb, the last ruler of this dynasty, campaigned in this region, finally beginning to turn Egyptian interest back to this region.[citation needed]
This process continued in the 19th Dynasty. Like his father Ramesses I, Seti I was a military commander and set out to restore Egypt's empire to the days of the Tuthmosis kings almost a century before. Inscriptions on Karnak temple walls record the details of his campaigns into Canaan and Syria. He took 20,000 men and reoccupied abandoned Egyptian posts and garrisoned cities. He made an informal peace with the Hittites, took control of coastal areas along the Mediterranean, and continued to campaign in Canaan. A second campaign led him to capture Kadesh (where a stela commemorated his victory) and Amurru. His son and heir Ramesses II campaigned with him. Historical records exist which record a large weapons order by Ramesses II the year prior to the expedition he led to Kadesh in his fifth regnal year.[citation needed]
However, at some point, both regions may have lapsed back into Hittite control. What exactly happened to Amurru is disputed. The Hittitologist Trevor Bryce suggests that, although it may have fallen once again under Hittite control, it is more likely Amurru remained a Hittite vassal state.
The immediate antecedents to the Battle of Kadesh were the early campaigns of Ramesses II into Canaan. In the fourth year of his reign, he marched north into Syria, either to recapture Amurru or, as a probing effort, to confirm his vassals' loyalty and explore the terrain of possible battles. The recovery of Amurru was Muwatalli's stated motivation for marching south to confront the Egyptians. Ramesses marched north in the fifth year of his reign and encountered the Hittites at Kadesh.
wn.com/Egyptian Pharaoh Ramesses Ii Vs The Hittite Emperor Muwatalli Ii At The Battle Of Kadesh
This show focuses on the clash between Egyptian Pharaoh Ramesses II and the Hittite Emperor Muwatalli II at the Battle of Kadesh.
The Battle of Kadesh (also Qadesh) took place between the forces of the Egyptian Empire under Ramesses II and the Hittite Empire under Muwatalli II at the city of Kadesh on the Orontes River, in what is now the Syrian Arab Republic.
The battle is generally dated to 1274 BC, and is the earliest battle in recorded history for which details of tactics and formations are known. It was probably the largest chariot battle ever fought, involving perhaps 5,000--6,000 chariots.
After expelling the Hyksos 15th dynasty, the native Egyptian New Kingdom rulers became more aggressive in reclaiming control of their state's borders. Thutmose I, Thutmose III and his son and coregent Amenhotep II fought battles from Megiddo north to the Orontes River, including conflict with Kadesh.[citation needed]
Many of the Egyptian campaign accounts between c. 1400 and 1300 BC reflect the general destabilization of the region of the Djahi. The reigns of Thutmose IV and Amenhotep III were undistinguished, except that Egypt continued to lose territory to Mitanni in northern Syria.[citation needed]
During the late Egyptian 18th dynasty, the Amarna Letters tell the story of the decline of Egyptian influence in the region. The Egyptians showed flagging interest here until almost the end of the dynasty. Horemheb, the last ruler of this dynasty, campaigned in this region, finally beginning to turn Egyptian interest back to this region.[citation needed]
This process continued in the 19th Dynasty. Like his father Ramesses I, Seti I was a military commander and set out to restore Egypt's empire to the days of the Tuthmosis kings almost a century before. Inscriptions on Karnak temple walls record the details of his campaigns into Canaan and Syria. He took 20,000 men and reoccupied abandoned Egyptian posts and garrisoned cities. He made an informal peace with the Hittites, took control of coastal areas along the Mediterranean, and continued to campaign in Canaan. A second campaign led him to capture Kadesh (where a stela commemorated his victory) and Amurru. His son and heir Ramesses II campaigned with him. Historical records exist which record a large weapons order by Ramesses II the year prior to the expedition he led to Kadesh in his fifth regnal year.[citation needed]
However, at some point, both regions may have lapsed back into Hittite control. What exactly happened to Amurru is disputed. The Hittitologist Trevor Bryce suggests that, although it may have fallen once again under Hittite control, it is more likely Amurru remained a Hittite vassal state.
The immediate antecedents to the Battle of Kadesh were the early campaigns of Ramesses II into Canaan. In the fourth year of his reign, he marched north into Syria, either to recapture Amurru or, as a probing effort, to confirm his vassals' loyalty and explore the terrain of possible battles. The recovery of Amurru was Muwatalli's stated motivation for marching south to confront the Egyptians. Ramesses marched north in the fifth year of his reign and encountered the Hittites at Kadesh.
- published: 23 Jan 2014
- views: 2738
EGYPT 461 - PHARAOHS of the XIXth Dynasty - (by Egyptahotep)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:21
- Updated: 26 Aug 2013
- views: 891
The XIX Dynasty:
RAMESSES I : he was , the commander of royal archers. He held many weighty offices in army, he was later vizier and confidant of Horemheb, appo...
The XIX Dynasty:
RAMESSES I : he was , the commander of royal archers. He held many weighty offices in army, he was later vizier and confidant of Horemheb, appointed by him as heir to the throne. As a vizier he ordered to build for himself a tomb at Gourab. After he had been designated heir to the throne he built for himself a KV16 tomb in the Kings' Valley. The king's mummy was found in Deir el-Bahari, his mummy is now in Luxor museum and his sarcophagus in Cairo Museum. Ramesses I ruled one year and 4 months, as co-regent with his son and successor, Seti I
SETI I : Son of Ramesses I. After coming to the rule he was forced to undertake series of war campaigns to Asia and Libya. He made wars with Hittites, conquered the land of Amurru and city of Kadesh. In his 8th regnal year he made war expedition to the land of Jam in Sudan. History records of his warlike deeds add splendor to walls of many Egyptian temples. He erected magnificent temple at Abydos and a number of building structures all over Egypt, among others great hypostyle of the temple of Karnak, mortuary temples in Western Thebes and Memphis. He erected temple of Amun at Napata in Nubia, as well as in other cities. Many temples, destructed during Amarna period, were restored and covered with new reliefs and polychrome. He started building new capital of Ramessides in the Delta. Burial place of the ruler became the finely decorated tomb KV17 in the Kings' Valley. The king's mummy was found in the Deir el-Bahari.
RAMESSES II :Son of Seti I by queen Tui. He had 7 legal, royal wives and 200 concubines. Historical sources record that he had 96 sons and 60 daughters. Ramesses II was regarded one of the mightiests (if not the one mightiest) Egyptian pharaohs. Certainly he is the best known ruler of ancient Egypt and a symbol of this land. Three facts went into the making thereof: tremendous building activity, traces of which can be found all over Egypt; active internal policy and presence of military force keeping strong position of Egyptian Empire as well as immensely long rule, comprising 67 years. He was crowned the king after his father's death in June 1279 BC. In his 4th regnal year he made first military campaign into Syria which resulted in relieving of the principality of Amurru ruled by Betneshina. The next year took place battle at Kadesh by Orontes. The course of this most famous in Egyptian history battle is recorded in wall presentations of temples at Abydos, Thebes and Abu Simbel, also in papyri and is called Poem of Pentewere. Egyptian sources present the battle as a great triumph of Egyptian army and pharaoh Ramesses II in person, Hittite sources - in contrary. The fact that in consequence the land of Amurru had been annexed to Hittites' influence zone allows us to conclude that closer to the truth are Hittite sources which record failure (if not complete defeat) of Egyptian army. Next over a dozen-or-so years Ramesses was making numerous war campaigns into Syria-Palestine, consolidating his own influence zone. Treaty made in 1258 with Hittites warranted in writing non-aggression and mutual relieving of political refugees. This is an oldest known historical document made between two foreign countries. In 1245 and 1240 BC to the royal harem arrived two Hittite princesses thus consolidating the peace with the land of Hatti. There are known to us expeditions to land of Jam in Sudan in year 21 of Ramesses reign and to Nubia in year 44, under command of Setau, the viceroy of Kush. Ramesses II reinforced fortresses in the Western Delta which protected from the "sea people" attacks and Libyan tribes. Building activity of the king exceeds that of any other pharaoh and counting out at least part of buildings erected or restored in his times seems to be impossible. There is no city in Egypt where the ruler would not have left traces of his building activities. Temples in Western Thebes (Ramesseum) and Abu Simbel are masterpieces of ancient Egyptian architecture.
MERNEPTAH (or Meremptah):The thirteenth son of Ramesses II, his mother was queen Isetnofret I. The most significant event during Merenptah's rule was repulse of Libyans. Building activity of Merenptah focused mainly in Western Thebes and Memphis.
SETI II: he was a son of Merenptah. Seti II founded a station for a barge on the courtyard in front of the pylon II at Karnak.Amenemesse Usurped him the throne.
AMENEMESSE:he usurped the throne illegally by 4 years in times of Seti II.
SIPTAH:was a Son of Seti II and Syrian concubine.In his behalf the rule was held by Twosret, his step mother. Another interesting figure of those times was chancellor Bay, usurping the right to the rule.
TWOSRET:Wife of Seti II, step-mother of Siptah. The queen held rule as regent . She started even counting length of her reign including years of regency
wn.com/Egypt 461 Pharaohs Of The Xixth Dynasty (By Egyptahotep)
The XIX Dynasty:
RAMESSES I : he was , the commander of royal archers. He held many weighty offices in army, he was later vizier and confidant of Horemheb, appointed by him as heir to the throne. As a vizier he ordered to build for himself a tomb at Gourab. After he had been designated heir to the throne he built for himself a KV16 tomb in the Kings' Valley. The king's mummy was found in Deir el-Bahari, his mummy is now in Luxor museum and his sarcophagus in Cairo Museum. Ramesses I ruled one year and 4 months, as co-regent with his son and successor, Seti I
SETI I : Son of Ramesses I. After coming to the rule he was forced to undertake series of war campaigns to Asia and Libya. He made wars with Hittites, conquered the land of Amurru and city of Kadesh. In his 8th regnal year he made war expedition to the land of Jam in Sudan. History records of his warlike deeds add splendor to walls of many Egyptian temples. He erected magnificent temple at Abydos and a number of building structures all over Egypt, among others great hypostyle of the temple of Karnak, mortuary temples in Western Thebes and Memphis. He erected temple of Amun at Napata in Nubia, as well as in other cities. Many temples, destructed during Amarna period, were restored and covered with new reliefs and polychrome. He started building new capital of Ramessides in the Delta. Burial place of the ruler became the finely decorated tomb KV17 in the Kings' Valley. The king's mummy was found in the Deir el-Bahari.
RAMESSES II :Son of Seti I by queen Tui. He had 7 legal, royal wives and 200 concubines. Historical sources record that he had 96 sons and 60 daughters. Ramesses II was regarded one of the mightiests (if not the one mightiest) Egyptian pharaohs. Certainly he is the best known ruler of ancient Egypt and a symbol of this land. Three facts went into the making thereof: tremendous building activity, traces of which can be found all over Egypt; active internal policy and presence of military force keeping strong position of Egyptian Empire as well as immensely long rule, comprising 67 years. He was crowned the king after his father's death in June 1279 BC. In his 4th regnal year he made first military campaign into Syria which resulted in relieving of the principality of Amurru ruled by Betneshina. The next year took place battle at Kadesh by Orontes. The course of this most famous in Egyptian history battle is recorded in wall presentations of temples at Abydos, Thebes and Abu Simbel, also in papyri and is called Poem of Pentewere. Egyptian sources present the battle as a great triumph of Egyptian army and pharaoh Ramesses II in person, Hittite sources - in contrary. The fact that in consequence the land of Amurru had been annexed to Hittites' influence zone allows us to conclude that closer to the truth are Hittite sources which record failure (if not complete defeat) of Egyptian army. Next over a dozen-or-so years Ramesses was making numerous war campaigns into Syria-Palestine, consolidating his own influence zone. Treaty made in 1258 with Hittites warranted in writing non-aggression and mutual relieving of political refugees. This is an oldest known historical document made between two foreign countries. In 1245 and 1240 BC to the royal harem arrived two Hittite princesses thus consolidating the peace with the land of Hatti. There are known to us expeditions to land of Jam in Sudan in year 21 of Ramesses reign and to Nubia in year 44, under command of Setau, the viceroy of Kush. Ramesses II reinforced fortresses in the Western Delta which protected from the "sea people" attacks and Libyan tribes. Building activity of the king exceeds that of any other pharaoh and counting out at least part of buildings erected or restored in his times seems to be impossible. There is no city in Egypt where the ruler would not have left traces of his building activities. Temples in Western Thebes (Ramesseum) and Abu Simbel are masterpieces of ancient Egyptian architecture.
MERNEPTAH (or Meremptah):The thirteenth son of Ramesses II, his mother was queen Isetnofret I. The most significant event during Merenptah's rule was repulse of Libyans. Building activity of Merenptah focused mainly in Western Thebes and Memphis.
SETI II: he was a son of Merenptah. Seti II founded a station for a barge on the courtyard in front of the pylon II at Karnak.Amenemesse Usurped him the throne.
AMENEMESSE:he usurped the throne illegally by 4 years in times of Seti II.
SIPTAH:was a Son of Seti II and Syrian concubine.In his behalf the rule was held by Twosret, his step mother. Another interesting figure of those times was chancellor Bay, usurping the right to the rule.
TWOSRET:Wife of Seti II, step-mother of Siptah. The queen held rule as regent . She started even counting length of her reign including years of regency
- published: 26 Aug 2013
- views: 891
Mitanni (Kurdish) Queen Nefertiti of egypt
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:31
- Updated: 13 Jun 2015
- views: 1031
Queen Nefertiti of Egypt was a native of Kurdish Mitanni princess Tadukhipa. Nefertiti, Egyptian Nfr.t-jy.tj, original pronunciation approximately Nafteta, for ...
Queen Nefertiti of Egypt was a native of Kurdish Mitanni princess Tadukhipa. Nefertiti, Egyptian Nfr.t-jy.tj, original pronunciation approximately Nafteta, for ("the beauty has come"). Nefertiti's parentage is not known with certainty, but one often cited theory is that she was the daughter of Ay, later to be pharaoh. Scenes in the tombs of the nobles in Amarna mention the queen’s sister who is named Mutbenret (previously read as Mutnodjemet).
Not: Tadukhipa, in the Hurrian language Tadu-Hepa, was the daughter of Tushratta, king of Mitanni (reigned ca. 1382 BC–1342 BC) and his queen Juni, and niece of Artashumara. Tadukhipa's aunt Gilukhipa (sister of Tushratta) had married Pharaoh Amenhotep III in his 10th regnal year. Tadukhipa was to marry Amenhotep III more than two decades later
The exact dates of when Nefertiti was married to Akhenaten and later promoted to queenship are uncertain. Their six known daughters (and estimated years of birth) were:
*Meritaten: No later than year 1, possibly later became Pharaoh Nefernferuaten.
*Meketaten: Year 4.
*Ankhesenpaaten, also known as Ankhesenamen, later queen of Tutankhamun
*Neferneferuaten Tasherit: Year 8, possibly later became Pharaoh Nefernferuaten.
*Neferneferure: Year 9.
*Setepenre: Year 11.
wn.com/Mitanni (Kurdish) Queen Nefertiti Of Egypt
Queen Nefertiti of Egypt was a native of Kurdish Mitanni princess Tadukhipa. Nefertiti, Egyptian Nfr.t-jy.tj, original pronunciation approximately Nafteta, for ("the beauty has come"). Nefertiti's parentage is not known with certainty, but one often cited theory is that she was the daughter of Ay, later to be pharaoh. Scenes in the tombs of the nobles in Amarna mention the queen’s sister who is named Mutbenret (previously read as Mutnodjemet).
Not: Tadukhipa, in the Hurrian language Tadu-Hepa, was the daughter of Tushratta, king of Mitanni (reigned ca. 1382 BC–1342 BC) and his queen Juni, and niece of Artashumara. Tadukhipa's aunt Gilukhipa (sister of Tushratta) had married Pharaoh Amenhotep III in his 10th regnal year. Tadukhipa was to marry Amenhotep III more than two decades later
The exact dates of when Nefertiti was married to Akhenaten and later promoted to queenship are uncertain. Their six known daughters (and estimated years of birth) were:
*Meritaten: No later than year 1, possibly later became Pharaoh Nefernferuaten.
*Meketaten: Year 4.
*Ankhesenpaaten, also known as Ankhesenamen, later queen of Tutankhamun
*Neferneferuaten Tasherit: Year 8, possibly later became Pharaoh Nefernferuaten.
*Neferneferure: Year 9.
*Setepenre: Year 11.
- published: 13 Jun 2015
- views: 1031
Biblical Nuclear Terrorist Attack Prediction for 2015September16-19 & 21-24
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 21:39
- Updated: 16 Sep 2015
- views: 27
these Hebrew dates are not from the modern calendar but from the Biblical Lunar Calendar which is slightly different having 30 days in every month. We are from ...
these Hebrew dates are not from the modern calendar but from the Biblical Lunar Calendar which is slightly different having 30 days in every month. We are from scripture predicting the first nuclear terrorist attack on 2015Elul30-Tishri2 (2015September16-19) and the second on 2015Tishri5-7 (2015September21-24). These attacks will be upon Manhattan from the Hudson and upon London at Dartford from the Thames.
The LWs have changed the date of the late Zoar Pentecost again from 2015Elul21 to 2015Tishri6. They now run the 1335 days of expectation of Daniel12 not from 2008Tishri14, when Satan's 6,000 year lease from 3993Tishri14 (Nisan1 calendar) expired, but from 2008Heshvan2, late 2NC first fruits day, when Jesus appointed FDS4 over the Kingdom. So 1335 BLC days from then is 2012Tammuz17, which is Zoar first fruits and was tablet shattering day of Moses in 1513 BC and the day the constant feature ended in Solomon's temple in 586 BC and in Zerubbabel's temple in 70 AD. It is the Hebrew fast of the 17th of Tammuz. This new festival is the fulfilment of Zechariah8:19 where the 4 Hebrew fasts are changed into feasts.
All this means that the attendant will say for the 3rd fire sign of 1Kings18 on 2015Tishri7: Look there is a small cloud like a man's palm ascending from the sea. the cloud having occurred at the end of the late Zoar Pentecost on 2015Tishri6. But 2015Tishri7, the mysterious 7th of 1Kings18:44 is now the 7th day of the 7th month of the 7th regnal year of Jesus over the Kingdom which is the 7th millennium after Adam's sin. The we seized the prophets of Baal from the late Zoar Pentecost on 2-015Tishri6 to the late end of the world Pentecost on 2016Tebbeth5. So this new interpretation could not be more Pentecostal or more seventhy!
Whereas the 2nd fire sign of 1Kings18 is now predicited to fall on 2015Elul30-~Tishri2, essentially its 2015Tishri1, the feast of trumpets/alarm/shouting. This is the first day of the acceptable/goodwill year of Isaiah61, which is the Time of DIstress of Daniel12, and the illustrious and epiphanaic day of Joel2 and Acts2 and the 7th secular year under Jesus which is the Kingdom Sabbath year during which we all receive our inheritance by Lot as was the case with Israel and the promised land.
The greater meaning of the battle of Jericho in Joshua6 is that we go around Laodicea (the closed up LW sect within the JWs) for the first 6 regnal years of Jesus over the Kingdom from 2009Nisan1 to 2015Nisan1. Then we go around for 7 months in the 7th year which takes us to 2015Tishri. We then shout and blow trumpets due to the alarm caused by the 2nd fire sign on 2015Tishri1, the festival of trumpets shouting and alarm.
wn.com/Biblical Nuclear Terrorist Attack Prediction For 2015September16 19 21 24
these Hebrew dates are not from the modern calendar but from the Biblical Lunar Calendar which is slightly different having 30 days in every month. We are from scripture predicting the first nuclear terrorist attack on 2015Elul30-Tishri2 (2015September16-19) and the second on 2015Tishri5-7 (2015September21-24). These attacks will be upon Manhattan from the Hudson and upon London at Dartford from the Thames.
The LWs have changed the date of the late Zoar Pentecost again from 2015Elul21 to 2015Tishri6. They now run the 1335 days of expectation of Daniel12 not from 2008Tishri14, when Satan's 6,000 year lease from 3993Tishri14 (Nisan1 calendar) expired, but from 2008Heshvan2, late 2NC first fruits day, when Jesus appointed FDS4 over the Kingdom. So 1335 BLC days from then is 2012Tammuz17, which is Zoar first fruits and was tablet shattering day of Moses in 1513 BC and the day the constant feature ended in Solomon's temple in 586 BC and in Zerubbabel's temple in 70 AD. It is the Hebrew fast of the 17th of Tammuz. This new festival is the fulfilment of Zechariah8:19 where the 4 Hebrew fasts are changed into feasts.
All this means that the attendant will say for the 3rd fire sign of 1Kings18 on 2015Tishri7: Look there is a small cloud like a man's palm ascending from the sea. the cloud having occurred at the end of the late Zoar Pentecost on 2015Tishri6. But 2015Tishri7, the mysterious 7th of 1Kings18:44 is now the 7th day of the 7th month of the 7th regnal year of Jesus over the Kingdom which is the 7th millennium after Adam's sin. The we seized the prophets of Baal from the late Zoar Pentecost on 2-015Tishri6 to the late end of the world Pentecost on 2016Tebbeth5. So this new interpretation could not be more Pentecostal or more seventhy!
Whereas the 2nd fire sign of 1Kings18 is now predicited to fall on 2015Elul30-~Tishri2, essentially its 2015Tishri1, the feast of trumpets/alarm/shouting. This is the first day of the acceptable/goodwill year of Isaiah61, which is the Time of DIstress of Daniel12, and the illustrious and epiphanaic day of Joel2 and Acts2 and the 7th secular year under Jesus which is the Kingdom Sabbath year during which we all receive our inheritance by Lot as was the case with Israel and the promised land.
The greater meaning of the battle of Jericho in Joshua6 is that we go around Laodicea (the closed up LW sect within the JWs) for the first 6 regnal years of Jesus over the Kingdom from 2009Nisan1 to 2015Nisan1. Then we go around for 7 months in the 7th year which takes us to 2015Tishri. We then shout and blow trumpets due to the alarm caused by the 2nd fire sign on 2015Tishri1, the festival of trumpets shouting and alarm.
- published: 16 Sep 2015
- views: 27
Feast of Trumpets, by George Saint George, Brazosport Band
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:23
- Updated: 09 Nov 2009
- views: 2542
Feast of Trumpets.
Brazosport Community College Band.
Copyright: George St. George 2009.
"[God] commanded that Tishri 1 be designated as the Day of Trumpe...
Feast of Trumpets.
Brazosport Community College Band.
Copyright: George St. George 2009.
"[God] commanded that Tishri 1 be designated as the Day of Trumpets. The word trumpets in Hebrew is shofar, literally rams horns (Leviticus 23:23-25)."
"...trumpets were blown and special offerings were made at the beginning of every month (Numbers 10:10; 28:11-15; Psalms 81:3). But a comparison will show that the trumpet-blowing and offerings of Tishri 1 were singled out and were more extensive than for any other month. Edersheim says that in Jesus time, During the whole of New Years Day [Tishri 1], trumpets and horns were blown in Jerusalem from morning to evening (Edersheim, The Temple, pp. 297-298.)"
"Just as age was reckoned from Tishri 1 to Tishri 1 during Noahs time, so were the regnal years of the Judean kings. In other words, the years of the reign of the kings, such as David and Solomon, were counted from Tishri 1 to Tishri 1 (This is thoroughly documented by Edwin R. Thiele in his work 'The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings', rev. ed. (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1965), pp. 28-31, 161-163.)"
"...the blowing of trumpets, associated with Tishri 1, was also part of the coronation ceremony for a new king (2 Kings 11:12-14.)"
"Edersheim understands the blowing of trumpets to have maintained this royal and Godly significance in Christs time (Edersheim, The Temple, p. 290.)"
"Tishri 1 was the seventh new moon, the beginning of the seventh month, and the great Day of Trumpets (Edersheims comment in his book The Temple, pp. 294-295, is pertinent in this regard: Quite distinct from the other new moons, and more sacred than they, was that of the seventh month, or Tishri, partly on account of the symbolical meaning of the seventh or sabbatical month, in which the great feasts of the Day of Atonement and of Tabernacles occurred, and partly, perhaps, because it also marked the commencement of the civil year)..."
"Thus, Tishri 1 with the blowing of the trumpets noted the birth of the king of kings. What an appropriate and notable day for Jesus Christ to have been born! What perfect alignment of history..."
"It was the first day of the seventh month, the last festal month of Moses calendar. It was the day beginning the regnal years of the kings of Judah. It was the great Day of Trumpets celebrating Jehovah as the one True God."
"On that very day, Tishri 1, September 11,3 B.C., Jesus Christ, Gods only begotten Son, was born in Bethlehem. Unknown to the people, the trumpet sounds which blew from morning to evening in Jerusalem heralded God as the King over all and His Son as the promised king under the King, God. Yes, the Messiah, the promised seed, the second Adam, had been born."
From: Wierwille, V. P. 1982. Jesus Christ Our Promised Seed, American Christian Press. pp. 78-83.
wn.com/Feast Of Trumpets, By George Saint George, Brazosport Band
Feast of Trumpets.
Brazosport Community College Band.
Copyright: George St. George 2009.
"[God] commanded that Tishri 1 be designated as the Day of Trumpets. The word trumpets in Hebrew is shofar, literally rams horns (Leviticus 23:23-25)."
"...trumpets were blown and special offerings were made at the beginning of every month (Numbers 10:10; 28:11-15; Psalms 81:3). But a comparison will show that the trumpet-blowing and offerings of Tishri 1 were singled out and were more extensive than for any other month. Edersheim says that in Jesus time, During the whole of New Years Day [Tishri 1], trumpets and horns were blown in Jerusalem from morning to evening (Edersheim, The Temple, pp. 297-298.)"
"Just as age was reckoned from Tishri 1 to Tishri 1 during Noahs time, so were the regnal years of the Judean kings. In other words, the years of the reign of the kings, such as David and Solomon, were counted from Tishri 1 to Tishri 1 (This is thoroughly documented by Edwin R. Thiele in his work 'The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings', rev. ed. (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1965), pp. 28-31, 161-163.)"
"...the blowing of trumpets, associated with Tishri 1, was also part of the coronation ceremony for a new king (2 Kings 11:12-14.)"
"Edersheim understands the blowing of trumpets to have maintained this royal and Godly significance in Christs time (Edersheim, The Temple, p. 290.)"
"Tishri 1 was the seventh new moon, the beginning of the seventh month, and the great Day of Trumpets (Edersheims comment in his book The Temple, pp. 294-295, is pertinent in this regard: Quite distinct from the other new moons, and more sacred than they, was that of the seventh month, or Tishri, partly on account of the symbolical meaning of the seventh or sabbatical month, in which the great feasts of the Day of Atonement and of Tabernacles occurred, and partly, perhaps, because it also marked the commencement of the civil year)..."
"Thus, Tishri 1 with the blowing of the trumpets noted the birth of the king of kings. What an appropriate and notable day for Jesus Christ to have been born! What perfect alignment of history..."
"It was the first day of the seventh month, the last festal month of Moses calendar. It was the day beginning the regnal years of the kings of Judah. It was the great Day of Trumpets celebrating Jehovah as the one True God."
"On that very day, Tishri 1, September 11,3 B.C., Jesus Christ, Gods only begotten Son, was born in Bethlehem. Unknown to the people, the trumpet sounds which blew from morning to evening in Jerusalem heralded God as the King over all and His Son as the promised king under the King, God. Yes, the Messiah, the promised seed, the second Adam, had been born."
From: Wierwille, V. P. 1982. Jesus Christ Our Promised Seed, American Christian Press. pp. 78-83.
- published: 09 Nov 2009
- views: 2542
Empress Liu E (劉娥) (died 314), courtesy name Lihua
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 26:01
- Updated: 20 Jan 2015
- views: 163
.314
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the year 314. For the number, see 314 (number). For other u...
.314
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the year 314. For the number, see 314 (number). For other uses, see 314 (disambiguation).
Millennium:
1st millennium
Centuries:
3rd century – 4th century – 5th century
Decades:
280s 290s 300s – 310s – 320s 330s 340s
Years:
311 312 313 – 314 – 315 316 317
314 by topic
Politics
State leaders – Sovereign states
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishment and disestablishment categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
v·
t·
e
314 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 314
CCCXIV
Ab urbe condita 1067
Armenian calendar N/A
Assyrian calendar 5064
Bahá'í calendar −1530 – −1529
Bengali calendar −279
Berber calendar 1264
English Regnal year N/A
Buddhist calendar 858
Burmese calendar −324
Byzantine calendar 5822–5823
Chinese calendar 癸酉年 (Water Rooster)
3010 or 2950
— to —
甲戌年 (Wood Dog)
3011 or 2951
Coptic calendar 30–31
Discordian calendar 1480
Ethiopian calendar 306–307
Hebrew calendar 4074–4075
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat 370–371
- Shaka Samvat 236–237
- Kali Yuga 3415–3416
Holocene calendar 10314
Igbo calendar −686 – −685
Iranian calendar 308 BP – 307 BP
Islamic calendar 318 BH – 316 BH
Japanese calendar N/A
Juche calendar N/A
Julian calendar 314
CCCXIV
Korean calendar 2647
Minguo calendar 1598 before ROC
民前1598年
Thai solar calendar 857
This box: view·
talk·
edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 314.
Emperor Constantine the Great
Year 314 (CCCXIV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Rufius and Annianus (or, less frequently, year 1067 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 314 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events[edit]
By place[edit]
Roman Empire[edit]
October 8 – Battle of Cibalae: Constantine the Great defeats his rival Licinius near the town of Colonia Aurelia Cibalae (modern Vinkovci, Croatia). Licinius is forced to flee to Sirmium, and loses all of the Balkans except for Thrace. Peace negotiations are initiated between the two Augusti, but they are unsuccessful.
A large Pictish raid southwards is attempted.
January 11 – Pope Miltiades' reign ends.
January 31 – Pope Sylvester I succeeds Pope Miltiades as the 33rd pope.
August 30 – Council of Arles: Confirms the pronouncement of Donatism as a schism, and passes other canons.
Synod of Ancyra: Consulting a magician is declared a sin earning five years of penance.
Alexander becomes Bishop of Byzantium.
Births[edit]
Libanius, Greek rhetorician and sophist (approximate date)
Li Qi, emperor of the Ba-Di state Cheng Han (d. 338)
Zhi Dun, Chinese Buddhist monk and philosopher (d. 366)
Deaths[edit]
January 10 – Pope Miltiades
Saint Metrophanes, Bishop of Byzantium
Empress Liu E
wn.com/Empress Liu E (劉娥) (Died 314), Courtesy Name Lihua
.314
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the year 314. For the number, see 314 (number). For other uses, see 314 (disambiguation).
Millennium:
1st millennium
Centuries:
3rd century – 4th century – 5th century
Decades:
280s 290s 300s – 310s – 320s 330s 340s
Years:
311 312 313 – 314 – 315 316 317
314 by topic
Politics
State leaders – Sovereign states
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishment and disestablishment categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
v·
t·
e
314 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 314
CCCXIV
Ab urbe condita 1067
Armenian calendar N/A
Assyrian calendar 5064
Bahá'í calendar −1530 – −1529
Bengali calendar −279
Berber calendar 1264
English Regnal year N/A
Buddhist calendar 858
Burmese calendar −324
Byzantine calendar 5822–5823
Chinese calendar 癸酉年 (Water Rooster)
3010 or 2950
— to —
甲戌年 (Wood Dog)
3011 or 2951
Coptic calendar 30–31
Discordian calendar 1480
Ethiopian calendar 306–307
Hebrew calendar 4074–4075
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat 370–371
- Shaka Samvat 236–237
- Kali Yuga 3415–3416
Holocene calendar 10314
Igbo calendar −686 – −685
Iranian calendar 308 BP – 307 BP
Islamic calendar 318 BH – 316 BH
Japanese calendar N/A
Juche calendar N/A
Julian calendar 314
CCCXIV
Korean calendar 2647
Minguo calendar 1598 before ROC
民前1598年
Thai solar calendar 857
This box: view·
talk·
edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 314.
Emperor Constantine the Great
Year 314 (CCCXIV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Rufius and Annianus (or, less frequently, year 1067 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 314 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events[edit]
By place[edit]
Roman Empire[edit]
October 8 – Battle of Cibalae: Constantine the Great defeats his rival Licinius near the town of Colonia Aurelia Cibalae (modern Vinkovci, Croatia). Licinius is forced to flee to Sirmium, and loses all of the Balkans except for Thrace. Peace negotiations are initiated between the two Augusti, but they are unsuccessful.
A large Pictish raid southwards is attempted.
January 11 – Pope Miltiades' reign ends.
January 31 – Pope Sylvester I succeeds Pope Miltiades as the 33rd pope.
August 30 – Council of Arles: Confirms the pronouncement of Donatism as a schism, and passes other canons.
Synod of Ancyra: Consulting a magician is declared a sin earning five years of penance.
Alexander becomes Bishop of Byzantium.
Births[edit]
Libanius, Greek rhetorician and sophist (approximate date)
Li Qi, emperor of the Ba-Di state Cheng Han (d. 338)
Zhi Dun, Chinese Buddhist monk and philosopher (d. 366)
Deaths[edit]
January 10 – Pope Miltiades
Saint Metrophanes, Bishop of Byzantium
Empress Liu E
- published: 20 Jan 2015
- views: 163
Regnal Meaning
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:29
- Updated: 11 May 2015
- views: 4
Video shows what regnal means. Of or pertaining to the reign of a monarch (or pope). Describing the year of a monarch's reign starting from the date of accessio...
Video shows what regnal means. Of or pertaining to the reign of a monarch (or pope). Describing the year of a monarch's reign starting from the date of accession. Regnal Meaning. How to pronounce, definition audio dictionary. How to say regnal. Powered by MaryTTS, Wiktionary
wn.com/Regnal Meaning
Video shows what regnal means. Of or pertaining to the reign of a monarch (or pope). Describing the year of a monarch's reign starting from the date of accession. Regnal Meaning. How to pronounce, definition audio dictionary. How to say regnal. Powered by MaryTTS, Wiktionary
- published: 11 May 2015
- views: 4
Ancient city Kyoto(Japan) Ninna-ji（仁和寺）
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:56
- Updated: 26 Oct 2010
- views: 1507
Ninna-ji (仁和寺 Ninna-ji) is the head temple of the Omuro school of Shingon Buddhism. Located in western Kyoto, Japan, it was founded in AD 888 by the retired Emp...
Ninna-ji (仁和寺 Ninna-ji) is the head temple of the Omuro school of Shingon Buddhism. Located in western Kyoto, Japan, it was founded in AD 888 by the retired Emperor Uda. It is part of the "Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto", a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Ninna-ji was founded in the early Heian period. In 886, Emperor Kōkō ordered the construction of the Nishiyama Goganji Temple to bless the nation and propagate Buddhist teachings, but he did not live to see its completion. Emperor Uda saw the construction to its completion in 888 and named it "Ninna" after the regnal year of the late Emperor Kōkō's reign. From 888 to 1869 it was traditional for reigning Emperors to send a son to the temple to take over as head priest when a vacancy arose.
After retiring from his throne, Emperor Uda became the first Monzeki, or aristocratic priest, of Ninna-ji. From then on until the end of the Edo period, the temple saw a succession of head priests of imperial lineage.
In 1467, the temple was destroyed by fire and fighting in the Ōnin War. It was rebuilt roughly 150 year later, thanks to the eldest son of Emperor Go-Yōzei, Kakushin Hosshinnō, who enlisted the help of Tokugawa Iemitsu, the third shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate. The resurrection coincided with the rebuilding of the Imperial Palace in Kyoto and thus received imperial funding.
The tradition of having aristocratic or persons of imperial lineage serve as chief of the temple ended with the 30th Monzeki, Junnin Hosshinnō in the late Edo period.
Most of the surviving buildings date from the 17th century, and include a five-storey pagoda and a plantation of dwarf cherry trees. The temple itself features some beautifully painted screen walls, and a beautiful walled garden.
Behind the temple there is a miniature version of the renowned 88-temple pilgrimage in Shikoku.－Transcribed from Wikipedia－
wn.com/Ancient City Kyoto(Japan) Ninna Ji（仁和寺）
Ninna-ji (仁和寺 Ninna-ji) is the head temple of the Omuro school of Shingon Buddhism. Located in western Kyoto, Japan, it was founded in AD 888 by the retired Emperor Uda. It is part of the "Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto", a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Ninna-ji was founded in the early Heian period. In 886, Emperor Kōkō ordered the construction of the Nishiyama Goganji Temple to bless the nation and propagate Buddhist teachings, but he did not live to see its completion. Emperor Uda saw the construction to its completion in 888 and named it "Ninna" after the regnal year of the late Emperor Kōkō's reign. From 888 to 1869 it was traditional for reigning Emperors to send a son to the temple to take over as head priest when a vacancy arose.
After retiring from his throne, Emperor Uda became the first Monzeki, or aristocratic priest, of Ninna-ji. From then on until the end of the Edo period, the temple saw a succession of head priests of imperial lineage.
In 1467, the temple was destroyed by fire and fighting in the Ōnin War. It was rebuilt roughly 150 year later, thanks to the eldest son of Emperor Go-Yōzei, Kakushin Hosshinnō, who enlisted the help of Tokugawa Iemitsu, the third shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate. The resurrection coincided with the rebuilding of the Imperial Palace in Kyoto and thus received imperial funding.
The tradition of having aristocratic or persons of imperial lineage serve as chief of the temple ended with the 30th Monzeki, Junnin Hosshinnō in the late Edo period.
Most of the surviving buildings date from the 17th century, and include a five-storey pagoda and a plantation of dwarf cherry trees. The temple itself features some beautifully painted screen walls, and a beautiful walled garden.
Behind the temple there is a miniature version of the renowned 88-temple pilgrimage in Shikoku.－Transcribed from Wikipedia－
- published: 26 Oct 2010
- views: 1507
Hatshepsut Ma'at-ka-Ra ~ Female Pharaoh of Kemet
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:24
- Updated: 25 Sep 2011
- views: 2516
NU EDUTAINMENT ~ ENTERTAINING WITH EDUCATION http://nuedutainment.webs.com/
Hatshepsut ruled as perhaps the most powerful of all Egyptian queens, even though s...
NU EDUTAINMENT ~ ENTERTAINING WITH EDUCATION http://nuedutainment.webs.com/
Hatshepsut ruled as perhaps the most powerful of all Egyptian queens, even though she often disguised and promoted herself though inscriptions as a man, and even though her predecessor, Tuthmosis II named his young son to succeed him upon his death.
By the second year of the young king's rule, Hatshepsut had usurped her stepson's position and so inscriptions and other art began to show her with all the regalia of kingship, even down to the official royal false beard. Yet, at the same time, she did little to really diminish Tuthmosis' rule, dating her own rule by his regnal years, and representing him frequently upon her monuments.
She remained in power for twenty years and during this time the Egyptian economy flourished, she expanded trading relations and built magnificent temples as well as restoring many others. Eventually her nephew grew into a man and took his rightful place as pharaoh.
wn.com/Hatshepsut Ma'at Ka Ra ~ Female Pharaoh Of Kemet
NU EDUTAINMENT ~ ENTERTAINING WITH EDUCATION http://nuedutainment.webs.com/
Hatshepsut ruled as perhaps the most powerful of all Egyptian queens, even though she often disguised and promoted herself though inscriptions as a man, and even though her predecessor, Tuthmosis II named his young son to succeed him upon his death.
By the second year of the young king's rule, Hatshepsut had usurped her stepson's position and so inscriptions and other art began to show her with all the regalia of kingship, even down to the official royal false beard. Yet, at the same time, she did little to really diminish Tuthmosis' rule, dating her own rule by his regnal years, and representing him frequently upon her monuments.
She remained in power for twenty years and during this time the Egyptian economy flourished, she expanded trading relations and built magnificent temples as well as restoring many others. Eventually her nephew grew into a man and took his rightful place as pharaoh.
- published: 25 Sep 2011
- views: 2516
Antiquities minister announces opening of pyramid and tombs
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:30
- Updated: 31 Jul 2015
- views: 5
SHOTLIST
1. Pan right from Khufu pyramid, to entrance of tombs opened to the public on Thursday after restoration
2. Medium of Egypt's Minister of Antiqui...
SHOTLIST
1. Pan right from Khufu pyramid, to entrance of tombs opened to the public on Thursday after restoration
2. Medium of Egypt's Minister of Antiquities, Mohamed Ibrahim arriving at tomb of Queen Meresankh III for reopening ceremony
3. Pan right interior of tomb of Queen Meresankh III
4. Wide of frieze inside tomb
5. Close up of frieze inside tomb
6. Wide of tomb showing hieroglyphics and drawings on tomb wall
7. Close up of colour drawing on tomb wall
8. Wide of a wall inside tomb with drawing
9. Close up of drawing on tomb wall
10. Mid of drawing of birds on tomb wall
11. Close up of drawing of birds on tomb wall
12. Wide of news conference
13. SOUNDBITE: (English) Mohamed Ibrahim, Egypt's Minister of Antiquities:
"We are celebrating the opening of the second pyramid for the visitors after the restoration that has been taken to prepare it, to light it for the visitors. Secondly we are opening today for the first time six privet tombs - one in the eastern cemetery and five in the western one."
14. Cutaway to journalist in press conference
15. SOUNDBITE: (English) Mohamed Ibrahim, Egypt's Minister of Antiquities:
"These private tombs are very important because it reflect - it shows - how the ancient civilisation is big, is important. The tombs are very unique either from the historical point of view or the artistic value of the scenes represented on the walls."
16. Wide of Khefren pyramid, the second largest pyramid of Giza, which has been reopened to the public
17. Close up of Khefren pyramid
18. Tourists on camels next to Khefren pyramid
19. Wide of tourists on horses
20. Close up of tourists on horses with Khefren pyramid in background
STORYLINE:
After almost three years of waiting, Egypt has reopened its most beautiful monuments once again.
The Khefren Pyramid, the second largest in Giza, opened to the public on Thursday after an extensive restoration programme.
Restorers mended cracks and installed a ventilation system to relieve the ancient structure of built-up humidity, the result of breathing by thousands of visitors every day.
The reopening of Khefren Pyramid and six other tombs is part of a plan by the Egyptian ministry of Antiquity to reopen ancient sites in order to attract visitors and boost the economy after the Egypt Revolution of last year.
"We are celebrating the opening of the second pyramid for the visitors after the restoration that has been taken to prepare it, to light it for the visitors," Mohamed Ibrahim, Egypt's Minister of Antiquities said.
One of the most famous tombs which was open to public on Thursday belongs to Queen Meresankh III, daughter of Hetepheres II and Prince Kawab and a grand-daughter of the Egyptian pharaoh Khufu, and wife of King Khafra.
When she died some time shortly after the reign of Khafra, Meresankh III was buried in an extensively decorated mastaba (eternity) tomb at Giza along with a rock-cut chapel.
The beauty of her tomb is a great example of the magnificence of the ancient Egyptian civilisation. The colourful drawings and the hieroglyphics on the walls are still visible as if they were created recently.
Inscriptions on the tomb give both the time of her death and the date for her funeral, which followed some 272 days after her death. She apparently died during the first regnal year of an unnamed king, possibly the pharaoh Menkaure.
This tomb was originally planned for her mother Hetepheres II, but she instead donated it for her daughter's use, which suggests that Meresankh's death was sudden and unexpected.
Hetepheres also provided her daughter with a black granite sarcophagus decorated with palace facades for Meresankh's burial.
You can license this story through AP Archive: http://www.aparchive.com/metadata/youtube/a4312c66eadbff070415111a7722c82b
Find out more about AP Archive: http://www.aparchive.com/HowWeWork
wn.com/Antiquities Minister Announces Opening Of Pyramid And Tombs
SHOTLIST
1. Pan right from Khufu pyramid, to entrance of tombs opened to the public on Thursday after restoration
2. Medium of Egypt's Minister of Antiquities, Mohamed Ibrahim arriving at tomb of Queen Meresankh III for reopening ceremony
3. Pan right interior of tomb of Queen Meresankh III
4. Wide of frieze inside tomb
5. Close up of frieze inside tomb
6. Wide of tomb showing hieroglyphics and drawings on tomb wall
7. Close up of colour drawing on tomb wall
8. Wide of a wall inside tomb with drawing
9. Close up of drawing on tomb wall
10. Mid of drawing of birds on tomb wall
11. Close up of drawing of birds on tomb wall
12. Wide of news conference
13. SOUNDBITE: (English) Mohamed Ibrahim, Egypt's Minister of Antiquities:
"We are celebrating the opening of the second pyramid for the visitors after the restoration that has been taken to prepare it, to light it for the visitors. Secondly we are opening today for the first time six privet tombs - one in the eastern cemetery and five in the western one."
14. Cutaway to journalist in press conference
15. SOUNDBITE: (English) Mohamed Ibrahim, Egypt's Minister of Antiquities:
"These private tombs are very important because it reflect - it shows - how the ancient civilisation is big, is important. The tombs are very unique either from the historical point of view or the artistic value of the scenes represented on the walls."
16. Wide of Khefren pyramid, the second largest pyramid of Giza, which has been reopened to the public
17. Close up of Khefren pyramid
18. Tourists on camels next to Khefren pyramid
19. Wide of tourists on horses
20. Close up of tourists on horses with Khefren pyramid in background
STORYLINE:
After almost three years of waiting, Egypt has reopened its most beautiful monuments once again.
The Khefren Pyramid, the second largest in Giza, opened to the public on Thursday after an extensive restoration programme.
Restorers mended cracks and installed a ventilation system to relieve the ancient structure of built-up humidity, the result of breathing by thousands of visitors every day.
The reopening of Khefren Pyramid and six other tombs is part of a plan by the Egyptian ministry of Antiquity to reopen ancient sites in order to attract visitors and boost the economy after the Egypt Revolution of last year.
"We are celebrating the opening of the second pyramid for the visitors after the restoration that has been taken to prepare it, to light it for the visitors," Mohamed Ibrahim, Egypt's Minister of Antiquities said.
One of the most famous tombs which was open to public on Thursday belongs to Queen Meresankh III, daughter of Hetepheres II and Prince Kawab and a grand-daughter of the Egyptian pharaoh Khufu, and wife of King Khafra.
When she died some time shortly after the reign of Khafra, Meresankh III was buried in an extensively decorated mastaba (eternity) tomb at Giza along with a rock-cut chapel.
The beauty of her tomb is a great example of the magnificence of the ancient Egyptian civilisation. The colourful drawings and the hieroglyphics on the walls are still visible as if they were created recently.
Inscriptions on the tomb give both the time of her death and the date for her funeral, which followed some 272 days after her death. She apparently died during the first regnal year of an unnamed king, possibly the pharaoh Menkaure.
This tomb was originally planned for her mother Hetepheres II, but she instead donated it for her daughter's use, which suggests that Meresankh's death was sudden and unexpected.
Hetepheres also provided her daughter with a black granite sarcophagus decorated with palace facades for Meresankh's burial.
You can license this story through AP Archive: http://www.aparchive.com/metadata/youtube/a4312c66eadbff070415111a7722c82b
Find out more about AP Archive: http://www.aparchive.com/HowWeWork
- published: 31 Jul 2015
- views: 5
The Epic Story of Bhakta Heliodorus
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 23:02
- Updated: 30 Jun 2014
- views: 325
Hindu Epics such as Mahabharata have often been described as myths. "On the same day that Krishna departed from the earth the powerful dark-bodied Kali Age desc...
Hindu Epics such as Mahabharata have often been described as myths. "On the same day that Krishna departed from the earth the powerful dark-bodied Kali Age descended. The oceans rose and submerged the whole of Dwaraka." According to Vishnu Purana - Dwaraka was submerged by the sea right after the death of Lord Krishna. This was regarded as a grandiose metaphor, part of a story filled with great myths. In the early eighties an important archaeological site was found in India, at Dwaraka, the site of the legendary city of Lord Krishna. Now, it is discovered that the whole coast of western India sank by nearly 40 feet around 1500 B.C. E.
Heliodorus, the son of Dia (Dion), a resident of Taxila had come to Besnagar as an envoy of the Greek king Antalikata (Antialkidas) to the court of Kasiputra Bhagabhadra during his 14th regnal year. Antialkidas is placed between 175-135 B.C. The Greek king Agathocles (2nd century B. C) was also devoted to the Bhagavata cult. The figures of Krishna and Balarama are shown on his coins found in the excavations at Al-Khanuram in Afghanistan.
1) Trini amutapadani‹[su] anuthitani 2) nayamti svaga damo chago apramado "Three immortal precepts (footsteps)... when practiced lead to heaven-self-restraint, charity, consciousness." From this inscription it is clear Heliodorus was a Vaisnava, a devotee of Visnu. He also had written on his column's inscription that "Three immortal precepts when practiced lead to heaven--self-restraint, charity, and conscientiousness." These three virtues appear in the exact same order in the great epic - The Mahabharata.
The column was ordered by Heliodurus, a Greek or Greek-named envoy of the Indo-Bactrian king, Antialkidas. He came to the court of King Kasiputra Bhagabhadra, the ruler of the Besnagar area, from Taxila. To celebrate his conversion into Hinduism a pillar was erected which is dedicated to Lord Vishnu. Heliodorus calls himself a devotee of Krishna/Vasudeva, one of the names of Visnu. Such offerings were common in fulfillment of religious vows (thus 'votive' offerings) at that time. This same column has survived to the present, and is one of the primary pieces of evidence used to prove the existence of Vasudeva-Krishna (Krishna-Balarama) worship in the pre-Christian era. On the column erected in Besnagar in central India near Vidisha, north of Madhyapradesh State, at 113 BC (sometimes also dated 140/150 BC ) he calls himself a worshiper of Vasudeva (Vishnu). This is the first known record that other than Indian-born person became a follower of Vishnu (Vaishnava).
"This Garuda-column of Vasudeva (Visnu), the god of gods, was erected here by Heliodorus, a worshiper of Visnu, the son of Dion, and an inhabitant of Taxila, who came as Greek ambassador from the Great King Antialkidas to King Kasiputra Bhagabhadra, the savior, then reigning prosperously in the fourteenth year of his kingship." (Transliteration and translation of this ancient Brahmi inscription was published in the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (London: JRAS, Pub., 1909, pp. 1053-54.)
Dwaraka had found a place in the texts on grammar, for Panini, the great grammarian, refers to Cakragirti, which is identified with Cakratirtha at the mouth of the river Gomati where Dwaraka is situated. The durgavidhana and durganivesa prakaranas of the Arthasastra of Kautilya prescribe the layout of a city. The description of Dwaraka in the Mahabharata and Jnata-dharma-katha as large, well-fortified and prosperous due to sea trade confirms hat it was a port city.
wn.com/The Epic Story Of Bhakta Heliodorus
Hindu Epics such as Mahabharata have often been described as myths. "On the same day that Krishna departed from the earth the powerful dark-bodied Kali Age descended. The oceans rose and submerged the whole of Dwaraka." According to Vishnu Purana - Dwaraka was submerged by the sea right after the death of Lord Krishna. This was regarded as a grandiose metaphor, part of a story filled with great myths. In the early eighties an important archaeological site was found in India, at Dwaraka, the site of the legendary city of Lord Krishna. Now, it is discovered that the whole coast of western India sank by nearly 40 feet around 1500 B.C. E.
Heliodorus, the son of Dia (Dion), a resident of Taxila had come to Besnagar as an envoy of the Greek king Antalikata (Antialkidas) to the court of Kasiputra Bhagabhadra during his 14th regnal year. Antialkidas is placed between 175-135 B.C. The Greek king Agathocles (2nd century B. C) was also devoted to the Bhagavata cult. The figures of Krishna and Balarama are shown on his coins found in the excavations at Al-Khanuram in Afghanistan.
1) Trini amutapadani‹[su] anuthitani 2) nayamti svaga damo chago apramado "Three immortal precepts (footsteps)... when practiced lead to heaven-self-restraint, charity, consciousness." From this inscription it is clear Heliodorus was a Vaisnava, a devotee of Visnu. He also had written on his column's inscription that "Three immortal precepts when practiced lead to heaven--self-restraint, charity, and conscientiousness." These three virtues appear in the exact same order in the great epic - The Mahabharata.
The column was ordered by Heliodurus, a Greek or Greek-named envoy of the Indo-Bactrian king, Antialkidas. He came to the court of King Kasiputra Bhagabhadra, the ruler of the Besnagar area, from Taxila. To celebrate his conversion into Hinduism a pillar was erected which is dedicated to Lord Vishnu. Heliodorus calls himself a devotee of Krishna/Vasudeva, one of the names of Visnu. Such offerings were common in fulfillment of religious vows (thus 'votive' offerings) at that time. This same column has survived to the present, and is one of the primary pieces of evidence used to prove the existence of Vasudeva-Krishna (Krishna-Balarama) worship in the pre-Christian era. On the column erected in Besnagar in central India near Vidisha, north of Madhyapradesh State, at 113 BC (sometimes also dated 140/150 BC ) he calls himself a worshiper of Vasudeva (Vishnu). This is the first known record that other than Indian-born person became a follower of Vishnu (Vaishnava).
"This Garuda-column of Vasudeva (Visnu), the god of gods, was erected here by Heliodorus, a worshiper of Visnu, the son of Dion, and an inhabitant of Taxila, who came as Greek ambassador from the Great King Antialkidas to King Kasiputra Bhagabhadra, the savior, then reigning prosperously in the fourteenth year of his kingship." (Transliteration and translation of this ancient Brahmi inscription was published in the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (London: JRAS, Pub., 1909, pp. 1053-54.)
Dwaraka had found a place in the texts on grammar, for Panini, the great grammarian, refers to Cakragirti, which is identified with Cakratirtha at the mouth of the river Gomati where Dwaraka is situated. The durgavidhana and durganivesa prakaranas of the Arthasastra of Kautilya prescribe the layout of a city. The description of Dwaraka in the Mahabharata and Jnata-dharma-katha as large, well-fortified and prosperous due to sea trade confirms hat it was a port city.
- published: 30 Jun 2014
- views: 325
Thiruvarur Thiyagaraja Swamy Temple Kumbabishegam
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:52
- Updated: 08 Nov 2015
- views: 478
Thiruvarur Thiyagaraja Swamy Temple Kumbabishegam
https://youtu.be/a8W2zmOoswg
Thiruvarur Arulmigu Thiyagaraja Swamy Temple Mahakshetram Kumbabishekam Festival ...
Thiruvarur Thiyagaraja Swamy Temple Kumbabishegam
https://youtu.be/a8W2zmOoswg
Thiruvarur Arulmigu Thiyagaraja Swamy Temple Mahakshetram Kumbabishekam Festival Celebration on November-8-2015.One of the World Famous Temple Thiruvarur Arulmigu Thiyagaraja Swamy Temple Mahakshetram Kumbabishekam Start on Today November-8-2015. Jaya TV Channel Live Telecast from Thiruvarur Arulmigu Thiyagaraja Swamy Temple on 8-11-2015 at 6:30 AM. The Thiyagaraja temple at Thiruvarur is one of the ancient heritage sites of India and is a representation of the religio-socio-cultural history of the Tamil region for a period spanning over a millennium and a half. Thyagaragar Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to the deity Shiva, located in the town of Thiruvarur in Tamil Nadu.Shiva is worshiped as Moolanathar, and is represented by the lingam. Daily poojas are offered to his idol referred to as Maragatha lingam.The Thiyagaraja temple at Thiruvarur is one of the most ancient heritage sites in the entire Bharat. The current structure of the temple reflects the religio-socio-cultural history of the Tamil region for a period spanning over several thousands of years in recent past.The temple dates back to the time of the Medieval Cholas.An inscription dated in the 20th regnal year of Rajendra 1 (1012–1044) beginning with introduction Tirumanni valara is found on the north and west walls of the Thyagaraja shrine.The temple complex seems to have acted as the cultural model for the big Brahadeeswarar temple at Thanjavur of Rajaraja Chola I, wherein he enshrined a vitankar which shared with the Atavallan of Chidambaram the status of state cult.Today November-8-2015 Thiruvarur Arulmigu Thiyagaraja Swamy Temple Kumbabishekam Festival Live Telecast on Jaya TV Channel, DD Podhigai TV Channel Live Telecast on Thiruvarur Arulmigu Thiyagaraja Swamy Temple Kumbabishekam on November-8-2015 at 6:30 AM
wn.com/Thiruvarur Thiyagaraja Swamy Temple Kumbabishegam
Thiruvarur Thiyagaraja Swamy Temple Kumbabishegam
https://youtu.be/a8W2zmOoswg
Thiruvarur Arulmigu Thiyagaraja Swamy Temple Mahakshetram Kumbabishekam Festival Celebration on November-8-2015.One of the World Famous Temple Thiruvarur Arulmigu Thiyagaraja Swamy Temple Mahakshetram Kumbabishekam Start on Today November-8-2015. Jaya TV Channel Live Telecast from Thiruvarur Arulmigu Thiyagaraja Swamy Temple on 8-11-2015 at 6:30 AM. The Thiyagaraja temple at Thiruvarur is one of the ancient heritage sites of India and is a representation of the religio-socio-cultural history of the Tamil region for a period spanning over a millennium and a half. Thyagaragar Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to the deity Shiva, located in the town of Thiruvarur in Tamil Nadu.Shiva is worshiped as Moolanathar, and is represented by the lingam. Daily poojas are offered to his idol referred to as Maragatha lingam.The Thiyagaraja temple at Thiruvarur is one of the most ancient heritage sites in the entire Bharat. The current structure of the temple reflects the religio-socio-cultural history of the Tamil region for a period spanning over several thousands of years in recent past.The temple dates back to the time of the Medieval Cholas.An inscription dated in the 20th regnal year of Rajendra 1 (1012–1044) beginning with introduction Tirumanni valara is found on the north and west walls of the Thyagaraja shrine.The temple complex seems to have acted as the cultural model for the big Brahadeeswarar temple at Thanjavur of Rajaraja Chola I, wherein he enshrined a vitankar which shared with the Atavallan of Chidambaram the status of state cult.Today November-8-2015 Thiruvarur Arulmigu Thiyagaraja Swamy Temple Kumbabishekam Festival Live Telecast on Jaya TV Channel, DD Podhigai TV Channel Live Telecast on Thiruvarur Arulmigu Thiyagaraja Swamy Temple Kumbabishekam on November-8-2015 at 6:30 AM
- published: 08 Nov 2015
- views: 478
A walk inside the complex of Brahmeswara Temple
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:50
- Updated: 28 Jun 2014
- views: 286
Brahmeswara Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Siva located in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, erected at the end of the 9th century CE, is richly carved inside an...
Brahmeswara Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Siva located in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, erected at the end of the 9th century CE, is richly carved inside and out. This Hindu temple can be dated with fair accuracy by the use of inscriptions that were originally on the temple. They are now unfortunately lost, but records of them preserve the information of around 1058 CE. The temple is built in the 18th regnal year of the Somavamsi king Udyotakesari by his mother Kolavati Devi, which corresponds to 1058 CE.
The temple is built with traditional architectural methods of wood carving, but applied on stone building. The buildings were built in a shape of full volume pyramid, and then the would be carved inside and outside.
The basic structure of the Orissan temple has two connecting buildings. The smaller is the Jagmohana, or assembly hall. Behind it is the Sikhara, the towering sanctuary. Later temples have two additional halls in front - one for dancing, and the other for banquets.
The Brahmeswara shows quite a bit of affinity with the much earlier Mukteswar Temple, including the carved interior of the Jagmohana, and in the sculptural iconography such as the lion head motif, which appeared for the first time in the Mukteswara, and is here evident in profusion. There are quite a number of innovations, however, including the introduction of a great number of musicians and dancers, some holding lutes, on the exterior walls. For the first time in temple architectural history iron beams find their first use.
On sandstone walls there are symbolic decorations and the notion of godlike figures that helps the believer in his meditation. The carvings over the door frame contain beautiful flower designs as well as flying figures. Like the Rajarani, there are images of the eight directional Guardian Deities. There are also quite a number of tantric-related images, and even Chamunda appears on the western facade, holding a trident and a human head, standing on a corpse. Shiva and other deities are also depicted in their horrific aspects.
One of the lost inscriptions stated that a Queen Kolavati presented 'many beautiful women' to the temple, and it has been suggested that this is an evidence of the 'Devadasi' tradition, which assumed such importance in later Orissan temple architecture and temple life.
Source : Wikipedia
This footage is part of the professionally-shot broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The Wilderness Films India collection comprises of 50, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on HDCAM / SR 1080i High Definition, Alexa, SR, HDV and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world...
Please subscribe to our channel wildfilmsindia on Youtube for a steady stream of videos from across India. Also, visit and enjoy your journey across India at www.clipahoy.com , India's first video-based social networking experience!
Reach us at rupindang @ gmail . com and admin@wildfilmsindia.com
wn.com/A Walk Inside The Complex Of Brahmeswara Temple
Brahmeswara Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Siva located in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, erected at the end of the 9th century CE, is richly carved inside and out. This Hindu temple can be dated with fair accuracy by the use of inscriptions that were originally on the temple. They are now unfortunately lost, but records of them preserve the information of around 1058 CE. The temple is built in the 18th regnal year of the Somavamsi king Udyotakesari by his mother Kolavati Devi, which corresponds to 1058 CE.
The temple is built with traditional architectural methods of wood carving, but applied on stone building. The buildings were built in a shape of full volume pyramid, and then the would be carved inside and outside.
The basic structure of the Orissan temple has two connecting buildings. The smaller is the Jagmohana, or assembly hall. Behind it is the Sikhara, the towering sanctuary. Later temples have two additional halls in front - one for dancing, and the other for banquets.
The Brahmeswara shows quite a bit of affinity with the much earlier Mukteswar Temple, including the carved interior of the Jagmohana, and in the sculptural iconography such as the lion head motif, which appeared for the first time in the Mukteswara, and is here evident in profusion. There are quite a number of innovations, however, including the introduction of a great number of musicians and dancers, some holding lutes, on the exterior walls. For the first time in temple architectural history iron beams find their first use.
On sandstone walls there are symbolic decorations and the notion of godlike figures that helps the believer in his meditation. The carvings over the door frame contain beautiful flower designs as well as flying figures. Like the Rajarani, there are images of the eight directional Guardian Deities. There are also quite a number of tantric-related images, and even Chamunda appears on the western facade, holding a trident and a human head, standing on a corpse. Shiva and other deities are also depicted in their horrific aspects.
One of the lost inscriptions stated that a Queen Kolavati presented 'many beautiful women' to the temple, and it has been suggested that this is an evidence of the 'Devadasi' tradition, which assumed such importance in later Orissan temple architecture and temple life.
Source : Wikipedia
This footage is part of the professionally-shot broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The Wilderness Films India collection comprises of 50, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on HDCAM / SR 1080i High Definition, Alexa, SR, HDV and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world...
Please subscribe to our channel wildfilmsindia on Youtube for a steady stream of videos from across India. Also, visit and enjoy your journey across India at www.clipahoy.com , India's first video-based social networking experience!
Reach us at rupindang @ gmail . com and admin@wildfilmsindia.com
- published: 28 Jun 2014
- views: 286
ΚΟΣΜΟΠΟΛΙΣ
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:46
- Updated: 29 May 2015
- views: 40
‘Year 149 (of the Seleucid era = 163/2 BC), Antiochus (V) king, month V[II, day x]. The Greeks, as they are called, the p[olitai], who in the past at the comman...
‘Year 149 (of the Seleucid era = 163/2 BC), Antiochus (V) king, month V[II, day x]. The Greeks, as they are called, the p[olitai], who in the past at the command of king Antiochus (IV) [had entered] Baby[lon] and who anoint with oil just like the pol[i tai] who are in Seleucia, the royal city, on the Tigris and the King’sCanal, [did] b[attle] with the prefect (šaknu) and the people of the land who are in Babylon. Day 8, at the command of the governor (pāhātu) of Babylon [the ...... and] the women, who among the politai, the people of the land, (and) the b[oul]ē, from Babylon into the region below Babylon because of the battle with the [prefect and his] troop[s, had gone ,] returned into Babylon.’
Of special interest are the ‘boundary marks’ given by the Babylonian scribe to the new group. They are ‘Greeks’, politai, and they ‘anoint with oil, just like the politai, who are in Seleucia, the royal city, on the Tigris and the King’s Canal’. The latter expression must refer to the activities of the Greeks in the gymnasium, where they sported nakedly and anointed themselves with olive oil. Admittance to the gymnasium was normally restricted to the citizens of Greek cities and was a hallmark of Greek citizenship. Del Monte discerns three population groups in Babylon, each with their own administrative institutions: firstly, the Babylonian citizens (mārē Bābili, ‘sons of Babylon’) under the shatammu (administrative head of the temple) and kinishtu (council) of the temple; secondly, the Greek citizens (puliţē or puliţānu, a loan word from Greek politai), under the authority of the ‘governor of Babylon’ (pāhāt Bābili = in my view the equivalent of the Greek term epistatēs), and, thirdly, the royal slaves led by ‘the prefect of the king’. The distinction is neatly made in an astronomical diary relating to a census held in 145 BC (king Demetrios II Nikator).
The institutions of the Greek community are not easily found, but new evidence sheds some light. In the first place the Greeks distinguished themselves as ‘citizens’ (politai), so they seem to have had their own politeia, ‘constitution’. It must be remembered though, that there is not one Greek exclusive format of a politeia. In the classical period the constitutions of e.g. Athens, Sparta and Corinth were very different. Normally, however, the following elements are recurring albeit under a widely differing terminology: 1. magistrates (archontes, stratēgoi, ephoroi, probouloi ); 2. one or more councils (boulē, synhedrion, gerousia, Areiopagos); 3. an assembly (ekklēsia, apella, dēmos). The constitutions were of a different nature: Athens was democratic, Sparta and Corinth both oligarchic but nonetheless different. Furthermore, it has to be kept in mind that the Seleucid empire was ruled by a Macedonian dynasty and Macedonian institutions, like epistatēs (governor) and Peliganes ([council of] ‘elders’), are attested in many places. Though as yet no word for assembly is attested in the Babylonian sources, it is evident that the politai met in the theatre. That Babylon disposed of a theatre, is known since the earliest excavations of ancient Babylon at the beginning of the 20th century. Its existence was further proven by a 2nd-century AD Greek inscription from the theatre, mentioning its repair.
Recently, the Greek theatre was found in the astronomical diaries as well. From these texts, it appears that kings had letters read out loud before the politai being assembled in the theatre. The Greek word theatron was translated into cuneiform as bīt tamarti, ‘house of observation.’The citizens now also appear to have had their own council of elders. This council was referred to with the Macedonian name peliganes, which is derived from the word pelioi meaning ‘oldmen’, gerontes. This term is attested in a Greek inscription from Laodicea on the Sea, dating to November/December 175 BC, the first regnal year of Antiochus IV, containing a decision of the peliganes. The name is also found in the corrupted form Adeiganes in Polybius V 54.10, which describes measures taken by Hermias in Seleucia on the Tigris after the suppression of the revolt of Molon against Antiochus III. The evidence from Babylon is now found in fragments of an unpublished chronicle in the British Museum, joined by Irving Finkel, who kindly called my attention to this document.
'Multi-ethnicity and ethnic segregation in Hellenistic Babylon', by Robartus Johannes Van der Spek, a paper that appeared in: 'Ethnic Constructs in Antiquity, The Role of Power and Tradition', edited by Ton Derks and Nico Roymans, published by Amsterdam University Press, is available here: https://www.academia.edu/807831/Multi-ethnicity_and_ethnic_segregation_in_Hellenistic_Babylon
Track: Discopolis
Artist: Kris Menace (Christoph Hoeffel) and Lifelike (Laurent Heinrich)
Album: Idiosyncracies
Label: New State Music
Release Date: April 2009
wn.com/Κοσμοπολισ
‘Year 149 (of the Seleucid era = 163/2 BC), Antiochus (V) king, month V[II, day x]. The Greeks, as they are called, the p[olitai], who in the past at the command of king Antiochus (IV) [had entered] Baby[lon] and who anoint with oil just like the pol[i tai] who are in Seleucia, the royal city, on the Tigris and the King’sCanal, [did] b[attle] with the prefect (šaknu) and the people of the land who are in Babylon. Day 8, at the command of the governor (pāhātu) of Babylon [the ...... and] the women, who among the politai, the people of the land, (and) the b[oul]ē, from Babylon into the region below Babylon because of the battle with the [prefect and his] troop[s, had gone ,] returned into Babylon.’
Of special interest are the ‘boundary marks’ given by the Babylonian scribe to the new group. They are ‘Greeks’, politai, and they ‘anoint with oil, just like the politai, who are in Seleucia, the royal city, on the Tigris and the King’s Canal’. The latter expression must refer to the activities of the Greeks in the gymnasium, where they sported nakedly and anointed themselves with olive oil. Admittance to the gymnasium was normally restricted to the citizens of Greek cities and was a hallmark of Greek citizenship. Del Monte discerns three population groups in Babylon, each with their own administrative institutions: firstly, the Babylonian citizens (mārē Bābili, ‘sons of Babylon’) under the shatammu (administrative head of the temple) and kinishtu (council) of the temple; secondly, the Greek citizens (puliţē or puliţānu, a loan word from Greek politai), under the authority of the ‘governor of Babylon’ (pāhāt Bābili = in my view the equivalent of the Greek term epistatēs), and, thirdly, the royal slaves led by ‘the prefect of the king’. The distinction is neatly made in an astronomical diary relating to a census held in 145 BC (king Demetrios II Nikator).
The institutions of the Greek community are not easily found, but new evidence sheds some light. In the first place the Greeks distinguished themselves as ‘citizens’ (politai), so they seem to have had their own politeia, ‘constitution’. It must be remembered though, that there is not one Greek exclusive format of a politeia. In the classical period the constitutions of e.g. Athens, Sparta and Corinth were very different. Normally, however, the following elements are recurring albeit under a widely differing terminology: 1. magistrates (archontes, stratēgoi, ephoroi, probouloi ); 2. one or more councils (boulē, synhedrion, gerousia, Areiopagos); 3. an assembly (ekklēsia, apella, dēmos). The constitutions were of a different nature: Athens was democratic, Sparta and Corinth both oligarchic but nonetheless different. Furthermore, it has to be kept in mind that the Seleucid empire was ruled by a Macedonian dynasty and Macedonian institutions, like epistatēs (governor) and Peliganes ([council of] ‘elders’), are attested in many places. Though as yet no word for assembly is attested in the Babylonian sources, it is evident that the politai met in the theatre. That Babylon disposed of a theatre, is known since the earliest excavations of ancient Babylon at the beginning of the 20th century. Its existence was further proven by a 2nd-century AD Greek inscription from the theatre, mentioning its repair.
Recently, the Greek theatre was found in the astronomical diaries as well. From these texts, it appears that kings had letters read out loud before the politai being assembled in the theatre. The Greek word theatron was translated into cuneiform as bīt tamarti, ‘house of observation.’The citizens now also appear to have had their own council of elders. This council was referred to with the Macedonian name peliganes, which is derived from the word pelioi meaning ‘oldmen’, gerontes. This term is attested in a Greek inscription from Laodicea on the Sea, dating to November/December 175 BC, the first regnal year of Antiochus IV, containing a decision of the peliganes. The name is also found in the corrupted form Adeiganes in Polybius V 54.10, which describes measures taken by Hermias in Seleucia on the Tigris after the suppression of the revolt of Molon against Antiochus III. The evidence from Babylon is now found in fragments of an unpublished chronicle in the British Museum, joined by Irving Finkel, who kindly called my attention to this document.
'Multi-ethnicity and ethnic segregation in Hellenistic Babylon', by Robartus Johannes Van der Spek, a paper that appeared in: 'Ethnic Constructs in Antiquity, The Role of Power and Tradition', edited by Ton Derks and Nico Roymans, published by Amsterdam University Press, is available here: https://www.academia.edu/807831/Multi-ethnicity_and_ethnic_segregation_in_Hellenistic_Babylon
Track: Discopolis
Artist: Kris Menace (Christoph Hoeffel) and Lifelike (Laurent Heinrich)
Album: Idiosyncracies
Label: New State Music
Release Date: April 2009
- published: 29 May 2015
- views: 40
Brahmeswara Temple : a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:29
- Updated: 28 Jun 2014
- views: 417
Brahmeswara Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Siva located in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, erected at the end of the 9th century CE, is richly carved inside an...
Brahmeswara Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Siva located in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, erected at the end of the 9th century CE, is richly carved inside and out. This Hindu temple can be dated with fair accuracy by the use of inscriptions that were originally on the temple. They are now unfortunately lost, but records of them preserve the information of around 1058 CE. The temple is built in the 18th regnal year of the Somavamsi king Udyotakesari by his mother Kolavati Devi, which corresponds to 1058 CE.
The temple is built with traditional architectural methods of wood carving, but applied on stone building. The buildings were built in a shape of full volume pyramid, and then the would be carved inside and outside.
The basic structure of the Orissan temple has two connecting buildings. The smaller is the Jagmohana, or assembly hall. Behind it is the Sikhara, the towering sanctuary. Later temples have two additional halls in front - one for dancing, and the other for banquets.
The Brahmeswara shows quite a bit of affinity with the much earlier Mukteswar Temple, including the carved interior of the Jagmohana, and in the sculptural iconography such as the lion head motif, which appeared for the first time in the Mukteswara, and is here evident in profusion. There are quite a number of innovations, however, including the introduction of a great number of musicians and dancers, some holding lutes, on the exterior walls. For the first time in temple architectural history iron beams find their first use.
On sandstone walls there are symbolic decorations and the notion of godlike figures that helps the believer in his meditation. The carvings over the door frame contain beautiful flower designs as well as flying figures. Like the Rajarani, there are images of the eight directional Guardian Deities. There are also quite a number of tantric-related images, and even Chamunda appears on the western facade, holding a trident and a human head, standing on a corpse. Shiva and other deities are also depicted in their horrific aspects.
One of the lost inscriptions stated that a Queen Kolavati presented 'many beautiful women' to the temple, and it has been suggested that this is an evidence of the 'Devadasi' tradition, which assumed such importance in later Orissan temple architecture and temple life.
Source : Wikipedia
This footage is part of the professionally-shot broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The Wilderness Films India collection comprises of 50, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on HDCAM / SR 1080i High Definition, Alexa, SR, HDV and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world...
Please subscribe to our channel wildfilmsindia on Youtube for a steady stream of videos from across India. Also, visit and enjoy your journey across India at www.clipahoy.com , India's first video-based social networking experience!
Reach us at rupindang @ gmail . com and admin@wildfilmsindia.com
wn.com/Brahmeswara Temple A Hindu Temple Dedicated To Lord Shiva
Brahmeswara Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Siva located in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, erected at the end of the 9th century CE, is richly carved inside and out. This Hindu temple can be dated with fair accuracy by the use of inscriptions that were originally on the temple. They are now unfortunately lost, but records of them preserve the information of around 1058 CE. The temple is built in the 18th regnal year of the Somavamsi king Udyotakesari by his mother Kolavati Devi, which corresponds to 1058 CE.
The temple is built with traditional architectural methods of wood carving, but applied on stone building. The buildings were built in a shape of full volume pyramid, and then the would be carved inside and outside.
The basic structure of the Orissan temple has two connecting buildings. The smaller is the Jagmohana, or assembly hall. Behind it is the Sikhara, the towering sanctuary. Later temples have two additional halls in front - one for dancing, and the other for banquets.
The Brahmeswara shows quite a bit of affinity with the much earlier Mukteswar Temple, including the carved interior of the Jagmohana, and in the sculptural iconography such as the lion head motif, which appeared for the first time in the Mukteswara, and is here evident in profusion. There are quite a number of innovations, however, including the introduction of a great number of musicians and dancers, some holding lutes, on the exterior walls. For the first time in temple architectural history iron beams find their first use.
On sandstone walls there are symbolic decorations and the notion of godlike figures that helps the believer in his meditation. The carvings over the door frame contain beautiful flower designs as well as flying figures. Like the Rajarani, there are images of the eight directional Guardian Deities. There are also quite a number of tantric-related images, and even Chamunda appears on the western facade, holding a trident and a human head, standing on a corpse. Shiva and other deities are also depicted in their horrific aspects.
One of the lost inscriptions stated that a Queen Kolavati presented 'many beautiful women' to the temple, and it has been suggested that this is an evidence of the 'Devadasi' tradition, which assumed such importance in later Orissan temple architecture and temple life.
Source : Wikipedia
This footage is part of the professionally-shot broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The Wilderness Films India collection comprises of 50, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on HDCAM / SR 1080i High Definition, Alexa, SR, HDV and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world...
Please subscribe to our channel wildfilmsindia on Youtube for a steady stream of videos from across India. Also, visit and enjoy your journey across India at www.clipahoy.com , India's first video-based social networking experience!
Reach us at rupindang @ gmail . com and admin@wildfilmsindia.com
- published: 28 Jun 2014
- views: 417
Odisha's Brahmeswara Temple
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:12
- Updated: 28 Jun 2014
- views: 185
Brahmeswara Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Siva located in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, erected at the end of the 9th century CE, is richly carved inside an...
Brahmeswara Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Siva located in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, erected at the end of the 9th century CE, is richly carved inside and out. This Hindu temple can be dated with fair accuracy by the use of inscriptions that were originally on the temple. They are now unfortunately lost, but records of them preserve the information of around 1058 CE. The temple is built in the 18th regnal year of the Somavamsi king Udyotakesari by his mother Kolavati Devi, which corresponds to 1058 CE.
The temple is built with traditional architectural methods of wood carving, but applied on stone building. The buildings were built in a shape of full volume pyramid, and then the would be carved inside and outside.
The basic structure of the Orissan temple has two connecting buildings. The smaller is the Jagmohana, or assembly hall. Behind it is the Sikhara, the towering sanctuary. Later temples have two additional halls in front - one for dancing, and the other for banquets.
The Brahmeswara shows quite a bit of affinity with the much earlier Mukteswar Temple, including the carved interior of the Jagmohana, and in the sculptural iconography such as the lion head motif, which appeared for the first time in the Mukteswara, and is here evident in profusion. There are quite a number of innovations, however, including the introduction of a great number of musicians and dancers, some holding lutes, on the exterior walls. For the first time in temple architectural history iron beams find their first use.
On sandstone walls there are symbolic decorations and the notion of godlike figures that helps the believer in his meditation. The carvings over the door frame contain beautiful flower designs as well as flying figures. Like the Rajarani, there are images of the eight directional Guardian Deities. There are also quite a number of tantric-related images, and even Chamunda appears on the western facade, holding a trident and a human head, standing on a corpse. Shiva and other deities are also depicted in their horrific aspects.
One of the lost inscriptions stated that a Queen Kolavati presented 'many beautiful women' to the temple, and it has been suggested that this is an evidence of the 'Devadasi' tradition, which assumed such importance in later Orissan temple architecture and temple life.
Source : Wikipedia
This footage is part of the professionally-shot broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The Wilderness Films India collection comprises of 50, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on HDCAM / SR 1080i High Definition, Alexa, SR, HDV and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world...
Please subscribe to our channel wildfilmsindia on Youtube for a steady stream of videos from across India. Also, visit and enjoy your journey across India at www.clipahoy.com , India's first video-based social networking experience!
Reach us at rupindang @ gmail . com and admin@wildfilmsindia.com
wn.com/Odisha's Brahmeswara Temple
Brahmeswara Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Siva located in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, erected at the end of the 9th century CE, is richly carved inside and out. This Hindu temple can be dated with fair accuracy by the use of inscriptions that were originally on the temple. They are now unfortunately lost, but records of them preserve the information of around 1058 CE. The temple is built in the 18th regnal year of the Somavamsi king Udyotakesari by his mother Kolavati Devi, which corresponds to 1058 CE.
The temple is built with traditional architectural methods of wood carving, but applied on stone building. The buildings were built in a shape of full volume pyramid, and then the would be carved inside and outside.
The basic structure of the Orissan temple has two connecting buildings. The smaller is the Jagmohana, or assembly hall. Behind it is the Sikhara, the towering sanctuary. Later temples have two additional halls in front - one for dancing, and the other for banquets.
The Brahmeswara shows quite a bit of affinity with the much earlier Mukteswar Temple, including the carved interior of the Jagmohana, and in the sculptural iconography such as the lion head motif, which appeared for the first time in the Mukteswara, and is here evident in profusion. There are quite a number of innovations, however, including the introduction of a great number of musicians and dancers, some holding lutes, on the exterior walls. For the first time in temple architectural history iron beams find their first use.
On sandstone walls there are symbolic decorations and the notion of godlike figures that helps the believer in his meditation. The carvings over the door frame contain beautiful flower designs as well as flying figures. Like the Rajarani, there are images of the eight directional Guardian Deities. There are also quite a number of tantric-related images, and even Chamunda appears on the western facade, holding a trident and a human head, standing on a corpse. Shiva and other deities are also depicted in their horrific aspects.
One of the lost inscriptions stated that a Queen Kolavati presented 'many beautiful women' to the temple, and it has been suggested that this is an evidence of the 'Devadasi' tradition, which assumed such importance in later Orissan temple architecture and temple life.
Source : Wikipedia
This footage is part of the professionally-shot broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The Wilderness Films India collection comprises of 50, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on HDCAM / SR 1080i High Definition, Alexa, SR, HDV and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world...
Please subscribe to our channel wildfilmsindia on Youtube for a steady stream of videos from across India. Also, visit and enjoy your journey across India at www.clipahoy.com , India's first video-based social networking experience!
Reach us at rupindang @ gmail . com and admin@wildfilmsindia.com
- published: 28 Jun 2014
- views: 185
Brahmeswara Temple : Architectural jewel of Odisha
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:10
- Updated: 28 Jun 2014
- views: 273
Brahmeswara Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Siva located in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, erected at the end of the 9th century CE, is richly carved inside an...
Brahmeswara Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Siva located in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, erected at the end of the 9th century CE, is richly carved inside and out. This Hindu temple can be dated with fair accuracy by the use of inscriptions that were originally on the temple. They are now unfortunately lost, but records of them preserve the information of around 1058 CE. The temple is built in the 18th regnal year of the Somavamsi king Udyotakesari by his mother Kolavati Devi, which corresponds to 1058 CE.
The temple is built with traditional architectural methods of wood carving, but applied on stone building. The buildings were built in a shape of full volume pyramid, and then the would be carved inside and outside.
The basic structure of the Orissan temple has two connecting buildings. The smaller is the Jagmohana, or assembly hall. Behind it is the Sikhara, the towering sanctuary. Later temples have two additional halls in front - one for dancing, and the other for banquets.
The Brahmeswara shows quite a bit of affinity with the much earlier Mukteswar Temple, including the carved interior of the Jagmohana, and in the sculptural iconography such as the lion head motif, which appeared for the first time in the Mukteswara, and is here evident in profusion. There are quite a number of innovations, however, including the introduction of a great number of musicians and dancers, some holding lutes, on the exterior walls. For the first time in temple architectural history iron beams find their first use.
On sandstone walls there are symbolic decorations and the notion of godlike figures that helps the believer in his meditation. The carvings over the door frame contain beautiful flower designs as well as flying figures. Like the Rajarani, there are images of the eight directional Guardian Deities. There are also quite a number of tantric-related images, and even Chamunda appears on the western facade, holding a trident and a human head, standing on a corpse. Shiva and other deities are also depicted in their horrific aspects.
One of the lost inscriptions stated that a Queen Kolavati presented 'many beautiful women' to the temple, and it has been suggested that this is an evidence of the 'Devadasi' tradition, which assumed such importance in later Orissan temple architecture and temple life.
Source : Wikipedia
This footage is part of the professionally-shot broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The Wilderness Films India collection comprises of 50, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on HDCAM / SR 1080i High Definition, Alexa, SR, HDV and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world...
Please subscribe to our channel wildfilmsindia on Youtube for a steady stream of videos from across India. Also, visit and enjoy your journey across India at www.clipahoy.com , India's first video-based social networking experience!
Reach us at rupindang @ gmail . com and admin@wildfilmsindia.com
wn.com/Brahmeswara Temple Architectural Jewel Of Odisha
Brahmeswara Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Siva located in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, erected at the end of the 9th century CE, is richly carved inside and out. This Hindu temple can be dated with fair accuracy by the use of inscriptions that were originally on the temple. They are now unfortunately lost, but records of them preserve the information of around 1058 CE. The temple is built in the 18th regnal year of the Somavamsi king Udyotakesari by his mother Kolavati Devi, which corresponds to 1058 CE.
The temple is built with traditional architectural methods of wood carving, but applied on stone building. The buildings were built in a shape of full volume pyramid, and then the would be carved inside and outside.
The basic structure of the Orissan temple has two connecting buildings. The smaller is the Jagmohana, or assembly hall. Behind it is the Sikhara, the towering sanctuary. Later temples have two additional halls in front - one for dancing, and the other for banquets.
The Brahmeswara shows quite a bit of affinity with the much earlier Mukteswar Temple, including the carved interior of the Jagmohana, and in the sculptural iconography such as the lion head motif, which appeared for the first time in the Mukteswara, and is here evident in profusion. There are quite a number of innovations, however, including the introduction of a great number of musicians and dancers, some holding lutes, on the exterior walls. For the first time in temple architectural history iron beams find their first use.
On sandstone walls there are symbolic decorations and the notion of godlike figures that helps the believer in his meditation. The carvings over the door frame contain beautiful flower designs as well as flying figures. Like the Rajarani, there are images of the eight directional Guardian Deities. There are also quite a number of tantric-related images, and even Chamunda appears on the western facade, holding a trident and a human head, standing on a corpse. Shiva and other deities are also depicted in their horrific aspects.
One of the lost inscriptions stated that a Queen Kolavati presented 'many beautiful women' to the temple, and it has been suggested that this is an evidence of the 'Devadasi' tradition, which assumed such importance in later Orissan temple architecture and temple life.
Source : Wikipedia
This footage is part of the professionally-shot broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The Wilderness Films India collection comprises of 50, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on HDCAM / SR 1080i High Definition, Alexa, SR, HDV and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world...
Please subscribe to our channel wildfilmsindia on Youtube for a steady stream of videos from across India. Also, visit and enjoy your journey across India at www.clipahoy.com , India's first video-based social networking experience!
Reach us at rupindang @ gmail . com and admin@wildfilmsindia.com
- published: 28 Jun 2014
- views: 273
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Video shows what regnal year means. A year in the reign of a monarch, beginning on the day...
published: 11 May 2015
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- published: 11 May 2015
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7:46
Regnal year
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License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sh...
published: 29 Dec 2015
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Living Legacies: Film on Chola Temples of Thanjavur and Kumbhakonam
Brihadisvara Temple at Thanjavur
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published: 04 Nov 2013
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- published: 04 Nov 2013
- views: 59430
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A video appendix to accompany the series When Ancient Jerusalem Was Destroyed. Appendix 5 ...
published: 29 May 2013
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- published: 29 May 2013
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World Heritage Great Living Chola Temples in India
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published: 25 Nov 2015
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published: 23 Jan 2014
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- published: 23 Jan 2014
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published: 26 Aug 2013
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Biblical Nuclear Terrorist Attack Prediction for 2015September16-19 & 21-24
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- published: 16 Sep 2015
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Feast of Trumpets, by George Saint George, Brazosport Band
Feast of Trumpets.
Brazosport Community College Band.
Copyright: George St. George 2009...
published: 09 Nov 2009
Feast of Trumpets, by George Saint George, Brazosport Band
Feast of Trumpets, by George Saint George, Brazosport Band
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- published: 09 Nov 2009
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26:01
Empress Liu E (劉娥) (died 314), courtesy name Lihua
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published: 20 Jan 2015
Empress Liu E (劉娥) (died 314), courtesy name Lihua
Empress Liu E (劉娥) (died 314), courtesy name Lihua
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- published: 20 Jan 2015
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Regnal Meaning
Video shows what regnal means. Of or pertaining to the reign of a monarch (or pope). Descr...
published: 11 May 2015
Regnal Meaning
Regnal Meaning
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- published: 11 May 2015
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12:56
Ancient city Kyoto(Japan) Ninna-ji（仁和寺）
Ninna-ji (仁和寺 Ninna-ji) is the head temple of the Omuro school of Shingon Buddhism. Locate...
published: 26 Oct 2010
Ancient city Kyoto(Japan) Ninna-ji（仁和寺）
Ancient city Kyoto(Japan) Ninna-ji（仁和寺）
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Regnal year Meaning...
Regnal year...
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photo: AP / Mary Altaffer
Hughie Fury dominates Dominick Guinn in off-TV bout
Edit WBN 27 Mar 2016
The 22 year-old brute kept Guinn off with his exceptional jab and had no trouble staying away from the veteran’s punching to breeze through each of the ten rounds and continue his steady progress ... Blackwell was taken out on a stretcher and subsequently taken to hospital after a brutal beating. Other results from London. ... ....
photo: AP / Matt Sayles
Miley Cyrus joining ‘The Voice’ for Season 11 as a judge
Edit Zap2it 26 Mar 2016
It's true! I am going to be the newest judge on Season 11 of The Voice @NBCTheVoice #thevoice 🦄❤️💐 pic.twitter.com/hP5AyHDtdh. — Miley Ray Cyrus (@MileyCyrus) March 26, 2016 ... RELATED ... ....
photo: AP / Richard Drew
Donald Trump may halt US oil purchases from Saudi Arabia: Report
Edit The Times of India 26 Mar 2016
WASHINGTON. Republican presidential front-runner Donald Trump told the New York Times he would consider stopping U.S. oil purchases from Saudi Arabia unless the Saudi government provide troops to fight Islamic State ... allies unless they provided on-the-ground forces against Islamic State ... ....
photo: AP / Ahrar al-Sham Twitter Page
Yemen conflict: Al-Qaida ‘used surface-to-air missile’ to bring down Emirati fighter jet
Edit The Times of India 27 Mar 2016
The UAE is part of a Saudi-led coalition that has carried out a year-long war against Shia Houthi rebels, primarily from the air ... In May of last year, a Moroccan pilot died when his F-16 crashed in the north Yemen governorate of Saada ... the Emirati jet this month was acquired by AQAP in raids on military bases that have occurred over the past year....
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20 inscriptions found in temple
Edit The Hindu 24 Jan 2016
More than 20 inscriptions of different periods, including three from the Chola period, have been discovered from Sri Saptarishiswarar Temple at Lalgudi by research scholars ... M ... An inscription belonging to the 28th regnal year of Rajadhiraja I brings to light that his daughter Cholakulasundari’s maid, Singan Kuppai, had gifted 11 kalanju of gold to the temple to light a perpetual lamp in front of the presiding deity ... E ... ....
20 ancient inscriptions found at Lalgudi temple
Edit The Hindu 24 Jan 2016
More than 20 inscriptions of different periods, including three from the Chola period, have been discovered from Sri Saptarishiswarar Temple at Lalgudi by research scholars ... M ... An inscription belonging to the 28th regnal year of Rajadhiraja I brings to light that his daughter Cholakulasundari’s maid, Singan Kuppai, had gifted 11 kalanju of gold to the temple to light a perpetual lamp in front of the presiding deity ... E ... ....
Four inscriptions copied from temple
Edit The Hindu 27 Jul 2015
Four new inscriptions, two of them belonging to the period of Kulottunga Chola III, have been copied from Somisvarar Temple at Alagarai village near Manamedu on Musiri-Thottiyam Road by research scholars of Dr. M ... In a release, R ... A portion of inscription belonging to the 13{+t}{+h}regnal year of Kulottunga Chola III (C ... ....
Four inscriptions copied from Alagarai temple
Edit The Hindu 25 Jul 2015
Four new inscriptions, two of them belonging to the period of Kulottunga Chola III, have been copied from the Somisvarar Temple at Alagarai, a village near Manamedu on the Musiri-Thottiyam Road by research scholars of Dr. M. Rajamanikkanar Centre for Historical Research, Tiruchi. The discovery was made during a study taken up by R ... M ... E ... A portion of inscription belonging to the 13{+t}{+h}regnal year of Kulottunga Chola III (C. E ... ....
Pandya inscription throws light on significance of Thondamanadu
Edit The Hindu 14 Jul 2015
The sale proceed was 100 ‘panams’ ... “The date of the inscription is based on the regnal year 11th after the succession of the king, which suggests that it belongs to around 1260 A.D.”, Challa Sivakumar of Archeological Research Group (ARG) told The Hindu ... Sivakumar ... The date of the inscription is based on the regnal year 11th after the succession of the king, which suggests that it belongs to around 1260 A.D ... ....
Azhagankulam was in the big league
Edit The Hindu 28 Jun 2015
Renewed excavation from May at Azhagankulam village in Ramanathapuram district, Tamil Nadu, has thrown up fresh evidence that it was an important trading post between the Sangam Pandyas and the Romans from circa 50 BCE to circa 500 CE ... Beads made of carnelian, quartz and glass were found ... The legend on them showed that Roman emperors Valentine II (regnal years 383 CE to 395 CE) and Arcadius (regnal years 395 CE to 408 CE) issued them....
Historical temple in ruins
Edit The Hindu 25 Jun 2015
A small, beautiful temple in ruins, with novel architectural features and perhaps with many concealed inscriptions, has been found in a village called Kambarajapuram, about 20 km from Vellore town, in Tamil Nadu ... K ... The sanctum is in ruins ... Nearby is a pilaster ... Just outside the temple are found two fragmentary inscriptions of Vikrama Chola (regnal years 1118-1135 CE), mentioning the donations he made towards the temple maintenance....
Tamil, Kannada inscriptions found in Vellore village
Edit The Hindu 04 Jun 2015
Two inscriptions belonging to the reign of the Rashtrakuta King, Krishna III, were found at Vallimalai village in Vellore district of Tamil Nadu ... It is about 50 km from Takkolam, where the king defeated the Chola prince Rajaditya, son of Parantaka Chola I, in a battle in 949 C.E ... Dr ... Vallimalai has two important Chola temples named Arinjikai Eswaram and Somanatha Eswaram, built by Emperor Raja Raja (regnal years 985 – 1014 C.E.)....
In the lap of the Western Ghats
Edit The Hindu 25 May 2015
The regnal year of the chieftain dates back to 800 years, and twenty generations of the Pergade (now called Hegde) family had come to occupy the seat of Dharmadhikari, and the present incumbent is Veerendra Hegde ... Charity, from all places, pours in through the year to feed the devotees both at noon and in the night.Kollur was our next destination after visiting Annapurneswari at Horanadu....
‘Research points to ruined temple at Alunthiyur’
Edit The Hindu 10 May 2015
Rajamanikkanar Centre for Historial Research, Tiruchi, has indicated that a Vishnu temple had existed several hundred years ago at Alunthiyur near Manikandam off the Tiruchi-Madurai National Highway ... The bali peetam seen in front of Varagunisvaram was built utilising basement stones of a ruined Vishnu temple as revealed by the 41st regnal year (C.E.1309) inscription of the Pandya king Maravarman Kulasekara inscribed on them....
2 Pandya inscriptions found near Musiri
Edit The Hindu 23 Jan 2015
Two Pandya inscriptions have been discovered near Musiri by two history students of the Arignar Anna Government Arts and Science College, Musiri ... Kalaikkovan, Director, Dr ... The record inscribed during the 18{+t}{+h}regnal year of Jatavarman Sundara Pandya, names the local Vishnu temple as Thirumerkoyil ... ....
Two Pandya inscriptions found near Musiri
Edit The Hindu 21 Jan 2015
The record inscribed during the 18{+t}{+h}regnal year of Jatavarman Sundara Pandya, names the local Vishnu temple as Thirumerkoyil and says that the presiding deity, Alakiya Perumal, and His consorts along with other deities, their sacred utensils and the other establishments were well protected by Abhimanabhushana, the ‘kaikkola muthali’ (General of a regiment) of Vellur alias Kothandaramapuram....
Perils of corruption: a note from Hoysala ruler
Edit The Hindu 10 Oct 2014
Perhaps, the Supreme Court’s recent verdict, terming corruption in public life “a human rights violation,” reflects this sentiment. In the later Chola era temple is etched the 13th century inscription of an order issued by Hoysala ruler Veera Ramanatha, dated regnal year 46. It reads ... Rajagopal and Su ... “Even before 1000 years, the Uttharamerur inscriptions laid down elaborate rules for elections ... Keywords....
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