- published: 30 Oct 2015
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Of two hymns, Stabat Mater Dolorosa (about the Sorrows of Mary) and Stabat Mater Speciosa (joyfully referring to the Nativity of Jesus), Stabat Mater usually refers to the first, a 13th-century Catholic hymn to Mary, variously attributed to the Franciscan Jacopone da Todi and to Innocent III.
The title of the sorrowful hymn is an incipit of the first line, Stabat mater dolorosa ("The sorrowful mother stood"). The Dolorosa hymn, one of the most powerful and immediate of extant medieval poems, meditates on the suffering of Mary, Jesus Christ's mother, during his crucifixion. It is sung at the liturgy on the memorial of Our Lady of Sorrows. The Dolorosa has been set to music by many composers, with the most famous settings being those by Palestrina, Pergolesi, Scarlatti, Vivaldi, Haydn, Rossini, and Dvořák.
The Dolorosa was well known by the end of the fourteenth century and Georgius Stella wrote of its use in 1388, while other historians note its use later in the same century. In Provence, about 1399, it was used during the nine days processions.
Stabat is a town in North Sumatra province of Indonesia and it is the seat (capital) of Langkat Regency.
Stabat town lies on the road between Medan and Banda Aceh, a short distance past the city of Binjai.
Stabat subdistrict is one of the subdistricts of Langkat Regency. Its capital is Stabat town. It borders Wampu subdistrict to the west, Secanggang subdistrict to the north, Binjai to the south, and Hamparan Perak subdistrict of Deli Serdang Regency to the east.
Most people in Stabat subdistrict are Javanese, however in Pantai Gemi village the majority are Malay.
Stabat has been since the colonial period a centre of government.