- published: 16 Feb 2016
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The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States. Its membership consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight Associate Justices. The Justices are nominated by the President of the United States and appointed after confirmation by the United States Senate. Justices of the Supreme Court have life tenure and receive a salary which is currently set at $223,500 per year for the Chief Justice and at $213,900 per year for each Associate Justice. On August 7, 2010, Justice Elena Kagan became the 112th justice to have served on the Court.
The Supreme Court was created in 1789 by Article III of the United States Constitution, which stipulates that the "judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court" together with any lower courts Congress may establish. Congress organized the Court that year with the passage of the Judiciary Act of 1789. It specified the Court's original and appellate jurisdiction, created thirteen judicial districts, and fixed the number of justices at six (one Chief Justice and five Associate Justices).
A supreme court is the highest court within the hierarchy of many legal jurisdictions. Other descriptions for such courts include court of last resort, instance court, judgment court, apex court, and highest court of appeal. Broadly speaking, the decisions of a supreme court are not subject to further review by any other court.
In a few places, the court named the "Supreme Court" is not in fact the highest court; examples include the Supreme Court of the State of New York and the former Supreme Court of Judicature of England and Wales. Conversely, the highest court in some jurisdictions is not named the "Supreme Court"; for example, the High Court of Australia.
Supreme courts typically function primarily as appellate courts, hearing appeals from decisions of lower trial courts, or from intermediate-level appellate courts.
Some countries have multiple "supreme courts" whose respective jurisdictions have different geographical extents, or which are restricted to particular areas of law. In particular, countries with a federal system of government typically have both a federal supreme court (such as the Supreme Court of the United States), and supreme courts for each member state (such as the Supreme Court of Nevada), with the former having jurisdiction over the latter only to the extent that the federal constitution extends federal law over state law; the US states of Texas and Oklahoma also split the functions of a supreme court between separate courts for criminal and civil cases. Jurisdictions with a civil law system often have a hierarchy of administrative courts separate from the ordinary courts, headed by a supreme administrative court. A number of jurisdictions also follow the "Austrian" model of a separate constitutional court (first developed in the Czechoslovak Constitution of 1920).
Joseph Robinette "Joe" Biden, Jr. (pronunciation: /ˈdʒoʊsɨf rɒbɨˈnɛt ˈbaɪdən/; born November 20, 1942) is the 47th and current Vice President of the United States, serving under President Barack Obama. A Democrat, he was a United States Senator from Delaware from January 3, 1973 until his resignation on January 15, 2009, following his election to the Vice Presidency.
Biden was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania and lived there for ten years before moving to Delaware. He became an attorney in 1969, and was elected to a county council in 1970. Biden was first elected to the Senate in 1972 and became the sixth-youngest senator in U.S. history. He was re-elected to the Senate six times, was the fourth most senior senator at the time of his resignation, and is the 15th-longest serving Senator in history. Biden was a long-time member and former chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee. His strong advocacy helped bring about U.S. military assistance and intervention during the Bosnian War. He opposed the Gulf War in 1991. He voted in favor of the Iraq War Resolution in 2002, but later proposed resolutions to alter U.S. strategy there. He has also served as chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee, dealing with issues related to drug policy, crime prevention, and civil liberties, and led creation of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act and Violence Against Women Act. He chaired the Judiciary Committee during the contentious U.S. Supreme Court nominations of Robert Bork and Clarence Thomas.
Actors: Mario Grigorov (composer), Victor Varnado (actor), Brigitte Hagerman (actress), Robert Boileau (actor), James P. Anderson (actor), Peter Demas (producer), Robert Freedman (actor), Peter Demas (actor), John Hockenberry (actor), Ian Jarvis (actor), Scott Abbondanzo (actor), Brandon Taylor (actor), Hans Longo (actor), Anna Korenius (actress), Nina Fleck (actress),
Genres: Documentary,Actors: Mario Grigorov (composer), Victor Varnado (actor), Brigitte Hagerman (actress), Robert Boileau (actor), James P. Anderson (actor), Peter Demas (producer), Robert Freedman (actor), Peter Demas (actor), John Hockenberry (actor), Ian Jarvis (actor), Scott Abbondanzo (actor), Brandon Taylor (actor), Hans Longo (actor), Anna Korenius (actress), Nina Fleck (actress),
Genres: Documentary,Actors: Mario Grigorov (composer), Victor Varnado (actor), Brigitte Hagerman (actress), Robert Boileau (actor), James P. Anderson (actor), Peter Demas (producer), Robert Freedman (actor), Peter Demas (actor), John Hockenberry (actor), Ian Jarvis (actor), Scott Abbondanzo (actor), Brandon Taylor (actor), Hans Longo (actor), Anna Korenius (actress), Nina Fleck (actress),
Genres: Documentary,Actors: Mario Grigorov (composer), Victor Varnado (actor), Brigitte Hagerman (actress), Robert Boileau (actor), James P. Anderson (actor), Peter Demas (producer), Robert Freedman (actor), Peter Demas (actor), John Hockenberry (actor), Ian Jarvis (actor), Scott Abbondanzo (actor), Brandon Taylor (actor), Hans Longo (actor), Anna Korenius (actress), Nina Fleck (actress),
Genres: Documentary,Actors: Barnard Hughes (actor), Smith Wordes (actress), Robert Michael Lewis (director), George Peppard (actor), Lalo Schifrin (composer), Robert F. Shugrue (editor), William Windom (actor), Paul Fix (actor), John Crawford (actor), George Murdock (actor), Jerry Hardin (actor), Harve Bennett (producer), Russell Thorson (actor), John Harkins (actor), William Sylvester (actor),
Genres: Drama,Actors: Frank Gerstle (actor), Kit Guard (actor), Steven Geray (actor), Ralph Brooks (actor), Everett Glass (actor), Heinie Conklin (actor), Richard Garrick (actor), Leon Belasco (actor), Jack Chefe (actor), Sayre Dearing (actor), Don Dillaway (actor), James Conaty (actor), Johnny Downs (actor), Fritz Feld (actor), Sam Harris (actor),
Plot: Boisterous, fun-loving, and popular Washington D.C. hostess Sally Adams is appointed U.S. Ambassador to the Grand Duchy of Lichtenburg, Europe's smallest country. In Lichtenburg, the Duke and Duchess are negotiating a political marriage for their niece, Princess Maria in exchange for a substantial dowry. However, the country is desperate for funds, and turns to the inexperienced ambassador for a much needed U.S. loan. Sally refuses to talk money, that is, until she meets the ultra charming Gen. Cosmo Constantine. Meanwhile, Sally's press attaché Kenneth Gibson falls head over heels for Princess Maria.
Keywords: 1950s, actress, alps, ambassador, american, american-embassy, amusement-park, arranged-marriage, ballet, balloonActors: Holmes Herbert (actor), Stuart Holmes (actor), Sherry Hall (actor), Louis Calhern (actor), John Hamilton (actor), Herbert Anderson (actor), Richard Anderson (actor), Wheaton Chambers (actor), Fred Gilman (actor), Everett Glass (actor), Marshall Bradford (actor), Charles Evans (actor), Eduard Franz (actor), Jack Gargan (actor), Selmer Jackson (actor),
Genres: Biography, Drama,Actors: Hooper Atchley (actor), Irving Bacon (actor), Walter Baldwin (actor), Robert Barrat (actor), Richard Carlson (actor), Eddy Chandler (actor), Lester Dorr (actor), Eddie Dunn (actor), Sam Finn (actor), Bud Geary (actor), Jesse Graves (actor), Porter Hall (actor), Kenneth Harlan (actor), Myron Healey (actor), Erville Alderson (actor),
Plot: In the small town of Crown Port local attorney Bill Adams is trying to break up the ring of corrupt town officials by running for mayor. The cards seemed stacked against him when he gets help from a visiting hunter who, unknown to Adams and the rest of the town, is actually vacationing supreme court justice John Josephus Grant.
Keywords: barber, bed, corruption, courtroom, duck, election, farmer, fight, game-warden, hatActors: Woodrow Wilson (actor), Franklin D. Roosevelt (actor), Louis De Francesco (composer), Almira Sessions (actress), Peter Brunelli (composer), John McIntire (actor), Theodore Roosevelt (actor), Louis De Rochemont (director), Louis De Rochemont (producer), Lothar Wolff (editor), Andrea King (actress), Jacques Belasco (composer), Elliott Reid (actor), James L. Shute (miscellaneous crew), Westbrook Van Voorhis (actor),
Genres: Drama,Actors: Bert Moorhouse (actor), Ralph Brooks (actor), James Conaty (actor), Joseph Crehan (actor), Edward Earle (actor), J.C. Fowler (actor), Sherry Hall (actor), Sam Harris (actor), Howard C. Hickman (actor), William Irving (actor), I. Stanford Jolley (actor), Donald Kerr (actor), Edward LeSaint (actor), Herbert Marshall (actor), Edmund Mortimer (actor),
Plot: Cynthia is married to Steve and is a selfish hard woman. She decides where they will live, who they will see and even gets rid of Dora, the nanny who raised Steve and is now raising their daughter Ellen. When Steve divorce's Cynthia, even his mother is on Cynthia's side. While pleading a case in Washington, Steve meets a woman named Maris and falls for her. Maris does not know if she is going to the altar or the chopping block, but they marry and come back to his hometown. Unfortunately, Maris is the outsider, and being a small town where Cynthia and Steve grew up, everyone is Cynthia's friend and not Maris. Cynthia will use every occasion, every trick, including Ellen, to try to ruin the life that Steve has with Maris.
Keywords: christmas, country-club, courthouse, divorce, domineering-wife, fake-illness, family-relationships, grandmother, husband-wife-relationship, lawyer