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Nvidia Ion is a product line of Nvidia corporation intended for motherboards of low-cost portable computers. It uses graphics processing units and chipsets intended for small products.

Description[link]

Nvidia Ion products include a GeForce 9M (9xxxM) series MCP79MX (with integrated GeForce 9400M G GPU) chipset, DDR3-1066 or DDR2-800 SDRAM, and the Intel Atom processor. The original reference platform was based on a Pico-ITXe motherboard designed for netbook and nettop devices. In February 2009, Microsoft certified the Ion-based platform for Windows Vista.^[1] The small form factor Ion-based computers were released in mid-2009. Ion systems were DirectX 10.0 and OpenGL 3.3 capable. This allowed playback of full 1080p high-definition video with true-fidelity 7.1 surround sound audio output with VDPAU or the Third Generation PureVideo HD feature.^[2] Ion systems can also use CUDA (Nvidia's General-Purpose Computing on Graphics Processing Units technology),^[3] as well as OpenCL. ION-LE based systems shared the same basic hardware as ION but lacked Vista and DirectX 10 support.^[3]

It was originally believed to be unlikely that Ion systems would ever enter into mass production and were thus unlikely to pose competition to Intel's own chipsets for the Atom platform, due to Intel's unwillingness to supply Atom processors separate from the 945GSE and 945GC chipsets with which the CPUs are usually supplied.^[4] While manufacturers could still buy an Atom-plus-chipset package and remove the CPU for use on an Ion board, it hardly seems likely given the costs involved, especially given the low-cost leanings of the nettop and netbook market.^[5] However, Intel later denied those claims, and a spokesperson for Intel said Intel sells Atom as a stand-alone processor.^[6]

Nvidia announced that it would release the Ion platform for the VIA Nano processor some time in Q4 2009.^[7]

For full-sized laptops, the Ion platform promised 5x faster graphics and video transcoding with an 80% lower CPU cost when compared to the Intel GM45 graphics. For netbooks and nettops 10x faster graphics and video transcoding when compared to the Intel 945GSE graphics. For all-in-ones, the Ion platform is capable of displaying resolutions up to 2560 × 1600.^[3]

Acer announced the release of their Aspire Revo which is the first^{[citation needed]} model available for retail purchase to be built on the Ion platform.

Zotac International launched four Nvidia Ion based motherboards in Mini-ITX form factor. An Ion system based on their IONITX A-U dual-core Atom 330 motherboard draws 30 watts total from the AC line cord, including hard disk and DVD drives, while playing and upscaling a DVD.^[8]

Specifications[link]

Ion (first-generation Nvidia Ion)[link]

Zotac motherboard

Rear connectors of Zotac motherboard

• Chipset: MCP79MX (with integrated GeForce 9400M G GPU)
• Intended Operating System: (Ion): Microsoft Windows XP, Vista, Windows 7, Linux; (Ion-LE): Microsoft Windows XP, Linux
• Memory Interface: DDR3-1066 or DDR2-800
• DirectX 10 Support: Yes, No (Ion-LE)
• Graphics Cores: 16
• Core/Shader Clocks: 450/1100 MHz
• Texture Fill Rate: 3.6 Billion/second
• Maximum Anti-Aliasing (AA) Sample Rate: 16x
• RAMDACs: 300 MHz
• Maximum High-Dynamic Range (HDR) Precision: 128-bit
• Maximum Analog Resolution: 2048 x 1536
• Maximum Digital Resolution: 2560 x 1600
• Graphics APIs: DirectX 10.0, OpenGL 3.3
• Full HD decode (1080i/p): Yes, 3rd Generation PureVideo
• Display Options: HDMI, Dual-link DVI, DP, or VGA (any 2)
• HDMI Version: 1.3 (according to the manual of the zotac ION itx-f board)
• PCI-Express 2.0: 20 lanes (1×16 and 4×1)
• SATA Drives: 6
• SATA Speed: 3 Gb/s
• RAID: 0, 1
• Networking: 10/100/1000 BASE-T
• USB Ports: 12/2C
• PCI Slots: 5
• Audio: HDA (Azalia)

Ion 2 (next-generation Nvidia Ion)[link]

• CUDA cores: up to 16
• Standard Memory configurations: 512 MB of DDR2, 256 MB of DDR3, 512 MB of DDR3
• Memory Interface Width: Up to 64-bit
• Hardware Video Decode Acceleration: Yes, 4th Generation PureVideo
• nVidia CUDA Technology: Yes
• Certified for Windows 7: Yes
• Microsoft DirectX: 10.1
• OpenGL: 3.3
• Audio: HDA
• Maximum digital resolution: 2560 × 1600
• Maximum VGA resolution: 2048 × 1536
• Netbook supported display connectors: HDMI
• Desktop supported display connectors: Dual-link DVI, DisplayPort, HDMI, VGA
• Multi-monitor: Yes
• HDCP: Yes

The ION chip in 10-inch netbooks with Pinetrail Atoms offers only eight shader cores and a clock rate of 405 MHz. According to Nvidia, the performance should still be similar to the first generation of ION. The power consumption of 6 watts is rather low, and therefore fully suited for small netbooks. The 12" version features all 16 cores of the GT218 chip and is clocked at 475 MHz, with a power consumption of 12 watts. The performance should be above the old ION platform. The desktop version is clocked even higher at 535 MHz as no power restrictions have to be met, since the desktop versions don't communicate through a PCI-Express x1 bus, as the netbook versions do, thus not being restricted to x1 bandwidth.^{[citation needed]}

Existing products[link]

This list is non-exhaustive.

Motherboards[link]

• ASRock A330ION motherboard (Intel Atom 330 CPU, DDR3, PCI Express x16 slot)
• ASUS AT5IONT-I motherboard (Intel Atom D525 CPU, DDR3, USB3, PCI Express x4 slot @ x1 speed, with latch)
• ASUS AT3N7A-I motherboard (Intel Atom 330 CPU)
• ASUS AT3IONT-I motherboard (Intel Atom 330 CPU, DDR3, PCI Express x16 slot)
• ASUS AT3IONT-I DELUXE motherboard (Intel Atom 330 CPU, DDR3, PCI Express x16 slot, DC power connector, 802.11n WiFi and Bluetooth, Media remote)
• IEI Industrial Motherboard KINO-PVN D5251 ION2,DDR3,HDMI,Dual GbE,SATA,PCI/ PCI Expr.x1 slot, mini-PCI,CF TypeII
• Jetway NC63-230 ITX board (Intel Atom 230 CPU, 20-pin ATX power connector)
• Jetway NC63-330 ITX board (Intel Atom 330 CPU, 20-pin ATX power connector)
• Jetway NC63P-230 ITX board (Intel Atom 230 CPU, 12V DC Power Onboard)
• Jetway NC63P-330 ITX board (Intel Atom 330 CPU, 12V DC Power Onboard)
• Point of View POV/ION230 motherboard (Intel Atom 230 CPU)
• Point of View POV/ION330 motherboard (Intel Atom 330 CPU)
• ZOTAC IONITX A-B motherboard (Intel Atom 330 CPU, 90w DC power connector, Wireless PCIe module installed)
• ZOTAC IONITX A-U motherboard (Intel Atom 330 CPU, DC power connector, Wireless PCIe module installed)
• ZOTAC IONITX B-E motherboard (Intel Atom 230 CPU, 20-pin power connector)
• ZOTAC IONITX C-U motherboard (Intel Atom 230 CPU, DC power connector)
• ZOTAC IONITX D-E motherboard (Intel Atom 330 CPU, 20-pin power connector, Wireless PCIe module installed)
• ZOTAC IONITX F-E motherboard (Intel Atom 330 CPU, 20-pin power connector, Wireless PCIe module installed, PCI Express x16 slot)
• ZOTAC IONITX G-E motherboard (Intel Atom 330 CPU, 20-pin power connector, PCI Express x1 slot, mini-PCIe x1 slot).^{[citation needed]}

Desktop systems[link]

• Acer AspireRevo Nettop Media Server w/Remote
• Aleutia H1 Hotel PC (with the above ZOTAC IONITX A-U), fanless in the single core version.^[9]
• aOpen GP7A^[10]
• ASRock Ion 330 series^[11]
• ASRock Ion 330HT series w/Remote^[12]
• ASRock Ion 330Pro
• ASUS Eee Box EB1012
• ASUS Eee Box EB1501
• Asus S1-AT5NM10E
• Foxconn NetBox-nT330i ^[13]
• Giada Mini PC series ^[14]
• Lenovo IdeaCentre Q150 - 40816AU ^[15]
• MSi All-in-One PC Wind Top AE2220
• Myka ION
• Orbit Micro Helix A58 Sleek NVIDIA ION/N330 desktop system^[16]
• Orbit Micro Helix A5W Fanless IP water-proof dust-proof Nvidia ION system^[17]
• Sapphire EDGE HD ^[18]
• Shuttle XS35GT, fanless system with ION2 and Atom D510^[19]
• Viewsonic VOT132 ^[20]
• ZaReason Ion Breeze^[21]
• Zotac Mag ^[22]

Netbook systems[link]

• Acer Aspire One 532G^[23]
• Asus Eee PC VX6^[24]
• Asus Eee PC 1015PN^[25]
• Asus Eee PC 1201N^[26]
• Asus Eee PC 1201NL^[27]
• Asus Eee PC 1215N^[28]
• HP Mini 311^[29]
• Lenovo IdeaPad S12^[30]
• Point of View Mobii ION ^[31]
• Samsung N510 ^[32]

See also[link]

• Comparison of Nvidia graphics processing units

References[link]

External links[link]

• NVIDIA's official overview page on the NVIDIA ION platform
• AnandTech: NVIDIA's Ion Platform: Bringing High Def to Netbooks
• bit-tech.net - Nvidia Ion Platform: Atom gets GeForce
• Techgage: NVIDIA's ION Platform: Hands-On Impressions
• X-bit labs: Nvidia ION Platform: HD Video Playback Investigation
• LinuxTECH.NET: Independent overview of all currently available Nvidia ION based products
• The most complete HTPC choice, a experienced users view

Coordinates: 37°22′14.62″N 121°57′49.46″W / 37.3707278°N 121.9637389°W / 37.3707278; -121.9637389

Nvidia Corporation

NVIDIA logo
Type	Public company
Traded as	NASDAQ: NVDA S&P 500 Component
Industry	Specialized semiconductors
Founded	1993
Founder(s)	Jen-Hsun Huang Chris Malachowsky Curtis Priem
Headquarters	Santa Clara, California, USA
Area served	Worldwide
Key people	Jen-Hsun Huang (President, CEO)
Products	Graphics processing units Chipsets
Revenue	US$3.326 billion (2010)
Operating income	$98.945 million (2010)
Net income	$67.987 million (2010)
Total assets	$3.586 billion (2010)
Total equity	$2.665 billion (2010)
Employees	7,000 (2011)
Website	http://nvidia.com

Nvidia headquarters in Santa Clara

Nvidia (NASDAQ: NVDA;  /ɪnˈvɪdiə/ in-VID-ee-ə)^[1] is an American global technology company based in Santa Clara, California. Nvidia is best known for its graphics processing units (GPUs). Nvidia and chief rival AMD Graphics Technologies (formerly ATI Technologies) have dominated the high performance GPU market, pushing other manufacturers to smaller, niche roles. Nvidia's best known GPU product line labeled "GeForce" is in direct competition with AMD's "Radeon" products.

In addition to GPU manufacturing, Nvidia provides parallel processing capabilities, to researchers and scientists, that allow them to efficiently run high-performance applications. They are deployed in supercomputing sites around the world.^[2][3] More recently, Nvidia has moved into the mobile computing market, where its Tegra processors powered phones and tablets, as well as auto infotainment systems.^[4][5][6] In addition to AMD, its other competitors include Intel and Qualcomm.

Product families[link]

Nvidia's product portfolio includes graphics processors, wireless communications processors, PC platform (motherboard core logic) chipsets, and digital media player software. The community of computer users arguably has come to know Nvidia best for its GeForce product line, which consists of both a complete line of discrete graphics chips found in AIB (add-in board) video cards and core graphics technology used in nForce motherboards, Microsoft's original Xbox game console, and Sony's PlayStation 3 game console.

The following are the most notable product families produced by Nvidia:

• GeForce (The gaming graphics processing products for which Nvidia is best known.)
• Quadro (Computer-aided design and digital content creation workstation graphics processing products.)
• Tegra (A system on a chip series for mobile devices.)
• Tesla (Dedicated general purpose GPU for high-end image generation applications in professional and scientific fields.)
• nForce (A motherboard chipset created by nVidia for AMD Athlon and Duron microprocessors.)

Company history[link]

Founders and initial investment[link]

Three people co-founded Nvidia in 1993:^[7]

• Jen-Hsun Huang (As of 2008^[update] CEO), a Taiwanese-born American, previously Director of CoreWare at LSI Logic and a microprocessor designer at Advanced Micro Devices (AMD).
• Chris Malachowsky, an electrical engineer who worked at Sun Microsystems.
• Curtis Priem, previously a senior staff engineer and graphics chip designer at Sun Microsystems.

The founders gained venture capital funding from Sequoia Capital.^[8]

Major releases and acquisitions[link]

The autumn of 1999 saw the release of the GeForce 256 (NV10), most notably introducing on-board transformation and lighting (T&L) to consumer-level 3D hardware. Running at 120 MHz and featuring four pixel pipelines, it implemented advanced video acceleration, motion compensation, and hardware sub-picture alpha blending. The GeForce outperformed existing products by a wide margin.

Due to the success of its products, Nvidia won the contract to develop the graphics hardware for Microsoft's Xbox game console, which earned Nvidia a $200 million advance. However, the project drew the time of many of Nvidia's best engineers away from other projects. In the short term this did not matter, and the GeForce2 GTS shipped in the summer of 2000.

In 2000, Nvidia acquired the intellectual assets of its one-time rival 3dfx, one of the biggest graphics companies of the mid- to late-1990s.^[9]

In July 2002, Nvidia acquired Exluna for an undisclosed sum. Exluna made software rendering tools and the personnel were merged into the Cg project. ^[10]

In August 2003, Nvidia acquired MediaQ for approximately $70million.^[11]

On April 22, 2004, Nvidia acquired iReady, a provider of high performance TCP/IP and iSCSI offload solutions.^[12]

December 2004 saw the announcement that Nvidia would assist Sony with the design of the graphics processor (RSX) in the PlayStation 3 game console. In March 2006 it emerged that Nvidia would deliver RSX to Sony as an IP core, and that Sony alone would organize the manufacture of the RSX. Under the agreement, Nvidia will provide ongoing support to port the RSX to Sony's fabs of choice (Sony and Toshiba), as well as die shrinks to 65 nm. This practice contrasts with Nvidia's business arrangement with Microsoft, in which Nvidia managed production and delivery of the Xbox GPU through Nvidia's usual third-party foundry contracts. Meanwhile, Microsoft chose^[when?] to license a design by ATI and to make its own manufacturing arrangements for the Xbox 360 graphics hardware, as has Nintendo for the Wii console (which succeeds the ATI-based Nintendo GameCube).

On December 14, 2005, Nvidia acquired ULI Electronics, which at the time supplied third-party southbridge parts for chipsets to ATI, Nvidia's competitor.^[13]

In March 2006, Nvidia acquired Hybrid Graphics.^[14]

In December 2006, Nvidia, along with its main rival in the graphics industry AMD (which had acquired ATI), received subpoenas from the U.S. Department of Justice regarding possible antitrust violations in the graphics card industry.^[15]

Forbes magazine named Nvidia its Company of the Year for 2007, citing the accomplishments it made during the said period as well as during the previous 5 years.^[16]

On January 5, 2007, Nvidia announced that it had completed the acquisition of PortalPlayer, Inc.^[17]

In February 2008, Nvidia acquired Ageia Technologies for an undisclosed sum. "The purchase reflects both companies' shared goal of creating the most amazing and captivating game experiences," said Jen-Hsun Huang, president and CEO of Nvidia. "By combining the teams that created the world's most pervasive GPU and physics engine brands, we can now bring GeForce-accelerated PhysX to twelve million gamers around the world."^[18]

In April 2009, a court consolidated multiple class action suits into one case, titled The Nvidia GPU Litigation.^[19] Nvidia agreed to replace faulty chips in or reimburse purchasers who already spent to get their laptop repaired. Nvidia also gave replacement laptops to many users in lieu of making a repair. The replacements and payments were not made until the settlement was finalized in 2011. Users were required to show proof of purchase and mail in their original faulty laptop. The chips were present in a number of Dell and HP laptops, as well as two Apple MacBook Pro models. Although the settlement cost Nvidia millions of dollars, many of the individuals were unhappy with the settlement, and multiple websites and blogs reflected this. The website entitled Fair Nvidia Settlement ^[20] was one such site.

On January 10, 2011, Nvidia signed a six-year cross-licensing agreement with Intel which marks the end of all outstanding legal disputes between these two companies. According to the agreement Intel will pay Nvidia $1.5 billion in licensing fees payable in five annual installments.^[21]

On February 15, 2011, Nvidia announced and demonstrated the first quad-core processor for mobile devices at the at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona. This chip is expected to ship with many tablets to be released in the second half of 2011.^[22]

In May 2011, it was announced that Nvidia had agreed to acquire Icera, a baseband chip making company in the UK, for $367 million in cash.^[23][24]

Open source software support[link]

Nvidia does not publish the documentation for its hardware, meaning that programmers cannot write appropriate and effective open-source drivers for Nvidia's products (compare Graphics hardware and FOSS). Instead, Nvidia provides its own binary GeForce graphics drivers for X.Org and a thin open-source library that interfaces with the Linux, FreeBSD or Solaris kernels and the proprietary graphics software. Nvidia also supports an obfuscated open-source driver that only supports two-dimensional hardware acceleration and ships with the X.Org distribution. Nvidia's Linux support has promoted mutual adoption in the entertainment, scientific visualization, defense and simulation/training industries, traditionally dominated by SGI, Evans & Sutherland, and other relatively costly vendors.^{[citation needed]}

The proprietary nature of Nvidia's drivers has generated dissatisfaction within free-software communities. Some Linux and BSD users insist on using only open-source drivers, and regard Nvidia's insistence on providing nothing more than a binary-only driver as wholly inadequate, given that competing manufacturers (like Intel) offer support and documentation for open-source developers, and that others (like ATI) release partial documentation and provide some active development.^[25][26]

Because of the closed nature of the drivers, Nvidia video cards do not deliver adequate features on some platforms and architectures (However this is credited^{[by whom?]} to be due to lack of the proper kernel API needed for implementation). Support for three-dimensional graphics acceleration in Linux on the PowerPC does not exist; nor does support for Linux on the hypervisor-restricted PlayStation 3 console. While some users accept the Nvidia-supported drivers, many users of open-source software would prefer better out-of-the-box performance if given the choice.^[27]

However, the performance and functionality of the binary Nvidia video card drivers surpass those of open-source alternatives^{[citation needed]} following VESA standards.

Sales and market trends[link]

According to a survey conducted by market watch firm Jon Peddie Research,^[28] Nvidia shipped an estimated 33.00 million graphics chips in the first quarter of 2010, for a market share of 31.5%. AMD and Intel shipped an estimated 25.15 million units (24.0% market share) and an estimated 45.49 million units (43.5% market share) respectively. Nvidia's year-to-year growth was 41.9%.

In August 2011, Nvidia predicted the growth of its revenues would be 4% to 6%, instead of 4%, as analysts said.^[29]

In September 2011, Nvidia forecast strong sales for 2013 in the region of $4.75bn to $5bn, which surpasses analysts expectations of $4.45bn.^[30]

See also[link]

	San Francisco Bay Area portal
	Companies portal

• Comparison of Nvidia graphics processing units
• Graphics Processing Unit
• Nvidia demos
• GeForce
• Nvidia Tegra
• Integrated graphics
• Nvidia Ion
• Nvision
• Video In Video Out (VIVO)
• Molecular modeling on GPU
• Invidia
• List of games with Nvidia 3D Vision support
• PhysX
• Nouveau
• Rambus Inc. v. Nvidia

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Nvidia

• Official website
• Nvidia.com drivers download page
• GeForce.com, official gaming community site

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