- published: 08 Nov 2011
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Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (Russian: Михаи́л Серге́евич Горбачёв, tr. Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachyov; IPA: [mʲɪxɐˈil sʲɪrˈɡʲejəvʲɪtɕ ɡərbɐˈtɕof] ( listen); born 2 March 1931) is a former Soviet statesman, having served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991, and as the last head of state of the Soviet Union, having served from 1988 until its dissolution in 1991. He was the only general secretary in the history of the Soviet Union to have been born during the Communist rule.
Gorbachev was born in Stavropol Krai into a peasant Ukrainian–Russian family, and in his teens operated combine harvesters on collective farms. He graduated from Moscow State University in 1955 with a degree in law. While he was at the university, he joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and soon became very active within it. In 1970, he was appointed the First Party Secretary of the Stavropol Kraikom, First Secretary to the Supreme Soviet in 1974, and appointed a member of the Politburo in 1979. Within three years of the deaths of Soviet Leaders Leonid Brezhnev, Yuri Andropov, and Konstantin Chernenko, Gorbachev was elected General Secretary by the Politburo in 1985. Before he reached the post, he had occasionally been mentioned in western newspapers as a likely next leader and a man of the younger generation at the top level.
Ronald Wilson Reagan ( /ˈrɒnəld ˈwɪlsən ˈreɪɡən/; February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was the 40th President of the United States, serving from 1981 to 1989. Prior to that, he was the 33rd Governor of California from 1967 to 1975 and a radio, film and television actor.
Born in Tampico, Illinois and raised in Dixon, Reagan was educated at Eureka College, earning a Bachelor of Arts degree in economics and sociology. After his graduation, Reagan moved first to Iowa to work as a radio broadcaster and then in to Los Angeles in 1937 where he began a career as an actor, first in films and later television. Some of his most notable films include Knute Rockne, All American, Kings Row, and Bedtime for Bonzo. Reagan served as president of the Screen Actors Guild, and later as a spokesman for General Electric (GE); his start in politics occurred during his work for GE. Originally a member of the Democratic Party, his positions began shifting rightward in the late 1950s, and he switched to the Republican Party in 1962. After delivering a rousing speech in support of Barry Goldwater's presidential candidacy in 1964, he was persuaded to seek the California governorship, winning two years later and again in 1970. He was defeated in his run for the Republican presidential nomination in 1968 as well as 1976, but won both the nomination and general election in 1980, defeating incumbent Jimmy Carter.
Actors: Philippe Magnan (actor), Claes Olsson (actor), Mats Långbacka (actor), Niels Arestrup (actor), Aleksey Gorbunov (actor), Miglen Mirtchev (actor), Emir Kusturica (actor), Gary Lewis (actor), Willem Dafoe (actor), Guillaume Canet (actor), Marc Berman (actor), Benno Fürmann (actor), Joonas Makkonen (actor), Vsevolod Shilovsky (actor), Lee Marvin (actor),
Plot: In 1985, Sergei Gregoriev, a Soviet colonel, wants to force his nation to reform, so he leaks secret information to the West. He picks an unlikely contact, a Pierre Froment, French nebbish in the diplomatic corps. Gregoriev keeps a lot of balls in the air - a marriage, a teen son he's trying to bond with, a mistress who's a colleague at work; his tradecraft is equally reckless. Meanwhile, Froment keeps his spy work secret from his German wife, and Mitterrand uses Gregoriev's information to make France indispensable to Reagan and his government. When Gregoriev leaks a list of key Soviet moles and spies, Gorbachev is left without secret intelligence. Will Gregoriev get what he wants?
Keywords: based-on-true-story, border, cold-war, double-agent, espionage, father-son-relationship, france, freddie-mercury, french, iron-curtainActors: Eduard Artemev (composer), Nikita Mikhalkov (writer), Nikita Mikhalkov (actor), Aleksey Petrenko (actor), Mikhail Efremov (actor), Sergey Gazarov (actor), Nikita Mikhalkov (producer), Aleksandr Adabashyan (actor), Valentin Gaft (actor), Aleksey Gorbunov (actor), Sergey Garmash (actor), Sergey Makovetskiy (actor), Roman Madyanov (actor), Enzo Meniconi (editor), Nikita Mikhalkov (director),
Plot: A loose remake of _12 Angry Men (1957)_ (qv), set in a Russian school. 12 jurors are struggling to decide the fate of a Chechen teenager who allegedly killed his Russian stepfather who took the teenager to live with him in Moscow during the Chechen War in which teenager lost his parents. The jurors: a racist taxi-driver, a suspicious doctor, a vacillating TV producer, a Holocaust survivor, a flamboyant musician, a cemetery manager, and others represent the fragmented society of modern day Russia. A stray bird (a touch of New Age cinema) is flying above the jurors' heads, alluding to tolerance.
Keywords: adoption, based-on-film, bird, bra, caucasus, chechen-war, chechnya, dead-body, digit-in-title, experimentActors: Vladimir Menshov (actor), Svetlana Kryuchkova (actress), Givi Tokhadze (actor), Anatoly Vedyonkin (actor), Vladimir Volkov (actor), Larisa Guzeeva (actress), Aleksandr Peskov (actor), Igor Chernitskiy (director), Igor Chernitskiy (writer), Igor Chernitskiy (actor), Elena Korolyova (actress), Boris Vasilev (writer), Yuriy Mazhuga (actor), Kira Kreylis-Petrova (actress), Valeriy Legin (actor),
Genres: Drama,Actors: Gedde Watanabe (actor), Fran Drescher (actress), Kevin McCarthy (actor), Gary Sievers (actor), Robert K. Weiss (actor), 'Weird Al' Yankovic (actor), David Bowe (actor), Grant James (actor), Anthony Geary (actor), George Fisher (actor), Billy Barty (actor), Michael Richards (actor), David Proval (actor), John W. Hyde (producer), Victoria Jackson (actress),
Plot: George Newman (Yankovic) is a normal man. Problem is, he's also a daydreamer, who can't keep hold of a steady job. His uncle decides George will be the perfect man to manage Channel 62, a station which is losing money and viewers fast. George's imagination is put to good use and he starts thinking up bizarre shows such as "Wheels of Fish" and "Raul's Wild Kingdom". The ratings start to soar again, but not everyone is happy.
Keywords: 1980s, absurd-humor, acronym-in-title, adolescent-humor, alien, broken-camera, bug, camera, crazy-humor, cult-filmActors: Nicholas Worth (actor), Robert K. Weiss (actor), Lawrence Tierney (actor), Curt Gowdy (actor), Leslie Nielsen (actor), O.J. Simpson (actor), Tim McCarver (actor), Joe Grifasi (actor), John Houseman (actor), Dick Enberg (actor), Ricardo Montalban (actor), George Kennedy (actor), Mel Allen (actor), Joyce Brothers (actress), 'Weird Al' Yankovic (actor),
Plot: A re-run of many of the gags from the original TV series 'Police Squad'. An Airplane type spoof, this time with the an incompetent lieutenant (Drebin) who always 'gets his man'. Visual gags come thick and fast, and it's impossible to catch them all with one viewing. The plot.. Queen Elizabeth II of England is coming to town, and Vincent Ludwig has plans to assassinate her using a brainwashed baseball player.
Keywords: 1980s, absurdism, airbag, anaheim-angels, aquarium, assassin, assassination-attempt, ballpark, baseball, baseball-game