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Office of Strategic Services.
Field Photographic
Branch
"On the journey of a
U.S. military and diplomatic mission from
Gangtok,
India, to
Lhasa, Tibet during
World War II.
The party journeys through
Natu La and Kechu La passes, stops at the
British trail station,
Gyantse, reviews troops of Tropji Regiment and is ferried across the
Brahmaputra River.
Scenes of
Tibetan natives, terrain, travel facilities, housing,a
New Year religious festival, the
Dalai Lama's palaces in
Lhasa, monasteries and other religious buildings."
The Dalai Lama, still a child (they say 10, but from the date of the film he should be 7 or 8) is seen briefly at the end.
Reupload of a previously uploaded film with improved video & sound.
Public domain film from the
US National Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and one-pass brightness-contrast-color correction & mild video noise reduction applied.
The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/
3.0/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Tibet
The history of a unified Tibet begins with the rule of
Songtsän Gampo (604--650 CE) who united parts of the Yarlung
River Valley and founded the
Tibetan Empire. He also brought in many reforms and Tibetan power spread rapidly creating a large and powerful empire. It is traditionally considered that his first wife was the
Princess of
Nepal, Bhrikuti, and that she played a great role in establishment of
Buddhism in Tibet. In 640 he married
Princess Wencheng, the niece of the powerful
Chinese emperor Taizong of Tang China.
Under the next few
Tibetan kings, Buddhism became established as the state religion and Tibetan power increased even further over large areas of
Central Asia, while major inroads were made into
Chinese territory, even reaching the
Tang's capital
Chang'an (modern
Xi'an) in late 763. However, the Tibetan occupation of Chang'an only lasted for fifteen days, after which they were defeated by Tang and its ally, the Turkic
Uyghur Khaganate... Tibet continued as a
Central Asian empire until the mid-9th century...
Between 1346 and 1354,
Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen toppled the Sakya and founded the
Phagmodrupa dynasty.
The following 80 years saw the founding of the
Gelug school (also known as
Yellow Hats) by the disciples
of Je Tsongkhapa, and the founding of the important
Ganden,
Drepung, and
Sera monasteries near Lhasa.
In 1578,
Altan Khan of the Tümed Mongols gave
Sonam Gyatso, a high lama of the Gelugpa school, the name Dalai Lama; Dalai being the
Mongolian translation of the
Tibetan name Gyatso, or "
Ocean".
The first
Europeans to arrive in Tibet were the
Portuguese missionaries
António de Andrade and
Manuel Marques in 1624. They were welcomed by the
King and Queen of Guge, and were allowed to build a church and to introduce
Christian belief. The king of Guge eagerly accepted
Christianity as an offsetting religious influence to dilute the thriving Gelugpa and to counterbalance his potential rivals and consolidate his position. All missionaries were expelled in 1745...
Emerging with control over most of mainland China after the
Chinese Civil War, the
People's Republic of China incorporated Tibet in
1950 and negotiated the
Seventeen Point Agreement with the newly crowned
14th Dalai Lama's government, affirming the People's Republic of China's sovereignty but granting the area autonomy. After the Dalai Lama government fled to
Dharamsala, India during the
1959 Tibetan Rebellion, it established a rival government-in-exile.
Afterwards, the
Central People's Government in
Beijing renounced the agreement and began implementation of the halted social and political reforms.
During the
Great Leap Forward between
200 thousand and 1 million
Tibetans died, and approximately 6,
000 monasteries were destroyed around the
Cultural Revolution. In
1980,
General Secretary and reformist
Hu Yaobang visited Tibet, and ushered in a period of social, political, and economic liberalization.
At the end of the decade, however analogously to the
Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, monks in the Drepung and Sera monasteries started protesting for independence, and so the government halted reforms and started an anti-separatist campaign.
Human rights organisations have been critical of the Beijing and Lhasa governments' approach to human rights in the region when cracking down on separatist convulsions that have occurred around monasteries and cities, most recently in the
2008 Tibetan unrest.
- published: 14 Feb 2016
- views: 37