Third video about the Roman Art serie. Any doubt? Send me a message. Land of the Art blog: http://landoftheart.blogspot.com.es/ Land of the Art in facebook: https://www.facebook.com/landoftheart At the end of the VIII century before Christ, the Italian peninsula was inhabited by different peoples. The Sabines and Latins founded Rome in 753 before Christ. There were three stages. The Monarchy, ruled by etruscan kings over all; the Republic, in which the Romans made ​​numerous colonizations and conquests, defeating in the called Punic Wars to important armies as the Carthaginians; and the Empire, starting with Augustus, that due the impossibility of governing as magnum territory, it is chosen to establish a new political system, headed by an emperor, with the territory divided into provinces. Republican Forum (Rome): the Roman Forum was the hub of political, economic, religious and social life of ancient Rome. It became not only the center of Rome, but all the Empire. Read the description here to know the buildings. Cloaca Maxima: since it was a marshy place where it was built, they constructed the Cloaca Maxima to canalize the water. First three images. Regia: oldest seat of political activity in the city, of which there are only traces by changes in time of Caesar and Augustus. Next two images. Lapis Niger: old Vulcanus sanctuary symbolizing the place where Romulus died. Next two images. Curia Iulia: or Curia Julia, named by Julius Caesar, the Senate seat. Next four images. Basilica Fulvia-Aemilia: provided to those attending the Forum a covered place, which is perfect for the winter season to accomodate a large part of the functions usually carried out outdoors, especially those related to the administration of justice and business. There were shops or tabernae. Next two images. Temple of Vesta (Rome): a circular temple (like the tholos), and it is dedicated to Hestia (Vesta). Next four images. Imperial Forums: the emperors built personal forums to show their power, and too because the old Forum was small for the Empire. Read the descriptions of the next imperial forums to understand all the images. Forum of Caesar: its ubication with the most important buildings is because a ideologic function. It has the temple of Venus Genetrix, supposed ancestor of the Julii. It was build as a oath for the victory that Julius Caesar had against Pompey in the civil war, before the Battle of Pharsalus. Forum of Augustus: was erected to house both a temple to Mars as to provide space for legal proceedings, since the Roman Forum was already saturated. About the Temple of Mars Ultor, the militaries celebrated there ceremonies, and the ceremony of the toga virilis was done there too. The Senate was there when they had to argue about war. It had back a firewall, because the town back was always on fire. The forum was full of statues about Augustus and the ancestors, the Julio-Claudian dynasty. Forum of Trajan: the biggest forum of all. Has the arcaded square, the Basilica Ulpia, the Trajan's Column and the Temple of Trajan. North of the Basilica Ulpia on either side of the Forum were two libraries, one containing the documents in Latin and the other documents in Greek. Between the libraries is the Trajan's Column. The Basilica Ulpia is a five naves basilica, very big. It is a very special basilica since you don't enter by the sides, you enter in the long side. It had two apses. About the Column, the reliefs are about the victory of Trajan against the dacians. Very interesting since here you can see the military techniques of the roman army. The tomb of Trajan and his wife is in the basement. Domus Aurea: was a large landscaped portico villa built by the Emperor Nero in the heart of ancient Rome, after the great fire in 64 AD. The Golden House was designed as a place of entertainment, as shown by the presence of 300 rooms without any sleeping quarter. The architects designed two of the principal dining rooms to flank an octagonal court, surmounted by a dome with a giant central oculus to let in light. There was a mobile dining room to simulate the movement of the Earth. There was a stuatue about a Colossus, that could be Nero of the sun god Helios. It have the name to the Colosseum, built here after the Damnatio Memoriae that this building suffered after Nero's death. Hadrian's Villa: Hadrian's Villa was a complex of over 30 buildings. The villa was the greatest Roman example of an Alexandrian garden, recreating a sacred landscape. The complex included palaces, several thermae, theatre, temples, libraries, state rooms, and quarters for courtiers, praetorians, and slaves. The villa shows echoes of many different architectural orders, mostly Greek and Egyptian. Music by Age of Mythology -Chocolate Outline Photos taken in Google images. No copyright infringement intended.

• published: 18 Dec 2014
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