- published: 02 Feb 2015
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Umber is a natural brown clay pigment that contains iron and manganese oxides. The color becomes more intense when calcined (heated), and the resulting pigment is called burnt umber. Its name derives from the Latin word umbra (shadow) and was originally extracted in Umbria, a mountainous region of central Italy, but it is found in many parts of the world. Some of the finest umber comes from Cyprus. It has been used as a pigment since prehistoric times.
Displayed at the right is the color raw umber.
This is the color of the raw natural clay earth pigment.
The source of this color is: ISCC-NBS Dictionary of Color Names (1955)--Color Sample of Raw Umber (color sample #77).
Displayed at the right is the color umber.
This is the color achieved when the raw unheated clay earth pigment is processed into refined pigment.
The source of this color is: ISCC-NBS Dictionary of Color Names (1955)--Color Sample of Umber (color sample #61).
Burnt umber is both a pigment and a color. This medium brown pigment is made by heating umber, a dark brown clay containing oxides of iron and manganese. It is used for oil and water color paint.
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