- published: 10 Dec 2015
- views: 104798
A riza (Russian: риза, "robe") or oklad (оклад, "covered"), sometimes called a "revetment" in English, is a metal cover protecting an icon. It is usually made of gilt or silvered metal with repoussé work and is pierced to expose elements of the underlying painting. It is sometimes enameled, filigreed, or set with artificial, semi-precious or even precious stones and pearls. Although the practice of using rizas originated in Byzantine art, the Russian term is often applied to Greek icons; in Greek the term is επένδυση ("coating"). Icons are described as επάργυρες or επίχρυσες: silver-covered and gold-covered, respectively.
The purpose of a riza is to honour and venerate an icon, and ultimately the figure depicted on it, such as Christ or a saint. Because candles and lampadas (oil lamps) are burned in front of icons, and incense is used during services, icons can become darkened over time. The riza helps protect the icon.
A riza is designed specifically for the icon it is to cover. It leaves open spaces where the face, hands, and feet of the icon's subject can be seen. The haloes on rizas are often more elaborate than on the original icons. Rizas for icons of the Theotokos (Mother of God) often have a crown on them. The robes worn by the subjects often are adorned with pearls or jewels. Usually a riza covers the entire surface of the icon except for the face and hands. Especially in older examples, the riza may cover only the halo of the subject and is then called a venets. Sometimes the riza includes a stylized torc or gorget (neck ring), called a tsata in Russian.
Ahmet Kaya (October 28, 1957 – November 16, 2000) Kurdish singer from Malatya, Turkey, who died on November 16, 2000 in exile in Paris. He formerly sang in Turkish. Some of his most popular songs include Ayrılık Vakti, Söyle, Ağladıkça, Oy Benim Canım, Birazdan Kudurur Deniz, Arka Mahalle, Nereden Bileceksiniz, Hani Benim Gençliğim, Yakarım Geceleri and Şafak Türküsü.
Ahmet Kaya was the fifth and last child of his Kurdish father, who had immigrated from Adıyaman to Malatya, and Turkish mother.[citation needed] He first encountered music at the age of six when his father bought him a bağlama for his birthday. Ahmet Kaya worked for a while as a taxi driver in Istanbul before becoming well known as a singer in the mid-1980s.
His first album, Ağlama Bebeğim, was released in 1985. His popularity continued to rise into the 1990s when in 1994 he released the album Şarkılarım Dağlara which was sold a record 2.8 million copies. All of his 1990 albums to chart-toppers.
During his career he recorded approximately 20 albums and was known for his protest music and positions on social justice. Recurring themes in his songs are love towards one's mother, sacrifice, and hope.
Actors: Nebahat Çehre (actress), Faruk Turgut (producer), Erkan Can (actor), Kaan Urgancioglu (actor), Asli Tandogan (actress), Hazal Kaya (actress), Ömür Atay (director), Nihal G. Koldas (actress), Erhan Acar Jr. (editor), Elit Iscan (actress), Nuran Evren Sit (writer), Hakan Kurtas (actor), Servet Pandur (actress), Tugay Mercan (actor), Günes Emir (actress),
Genres: Drama,Actors: Metin Akpinar (actor), Bora Tekay (director), Nilgün Kasapbasoglu (actress), Birol Güven (producer), Deniz Oral (actor), Ercument Balakoglu (actor), Erdem Bas (actor), Nergis Kumbasar (actress), Ceren Erginsoy (actress), Murat Aras (writer), Aydin Sarman (composer), Billur Yazgan (actress), Çigdem Batur (actress), Atilgan Gumus (actor), Asli Omag (actress),
Genres: Comedy,Actors: Fikret Hakan (actor), Ahmet Mümtaz Taylan (actor), Orçun Sonat (actor), Meral Orhonsay (actress), Nur Sürer (actress), Sedat Demir (actor), Sükrü Avsar (producer), Bahadir Atay (producer), Cengiz Sezici (actor), Emrah Elçiboga (actor), Bülent Inal (actor), Kerem Atabeyoglu (actor), Avni Yalçin (actor), Mesut Akusta (actor), Fuat Onan (actor),
Genres: Adventure,Actors: Abdullah Oguz (producer), Sermiyan Midyat (actor), Melisa Sözen (actress), Kerem Alisik (actor), Nezih Tuncay (actor), Ceren Sekercioglu (actress), Özlem Savas (actress), Ahmet Uz (actor), Sezgi Mengi (actor), Deniz Akkaya (actress), Bedia Ener (actress), Sevinç Aktansel (actress), Selçuk Akman (writer), Umut Demirdelen (actor), Türkan Kiliç (actress),
Genres: ,Actors: Serra Yilmaz (actress), Serdar Akar (director), Mahinur Ergun (writer), Bahadir Atay (producer), Tulug Çizgen (actress), Derya Alabora (actress), Cem Davran (actor), Ercan Yazgan (actor), Emrah Elçiboga (actor), Tanju Tuncel (actress), Nevra Koçoglu (miscellaneous crew), Ali Erkazan (actor), Yasemin Çonka (actress), Onur Tan (editor), Füsun Erbulak (actress),
Genres: Comedy,Actors: Zeki Alasya (actor), Zeki Alasya (director), Selma Guneri (actress), Osman Yagmurdereli (producer), Selcuk Uluergüven (actor), Nejat Isler (actor), Erdinç Akbas (actor), Halit Ergenç (actor), Halil Kumova (actor), Hazim Körmükçü (actor), Yagmur Kasifoglu (actress), Baris Küçükgüler (actor), Müjdat Akgün (composer), Alper Erze (writer), Gülhan Elmalioglu (actor),
Genres: ,Actors: Mevlüt Koçak (editor), Erdogan Tünas (writer), Hüseyin Kutman (actor), Suzan Avci (actress), Gülen Kipçak (actress), Jeyan Mahfi Tözüm (actress), Timuçin Caymaz (actor), Abdurrahman Palay (actor), Ünal Gürel (actor), Ali Sen (actor), Yasar Sener (actor), Ersun Kazançel (actor), Zafer Önen (actor), Ümit Efekan (director), Dinçer Çekmez (actor),
Genres: Drama,Actors: Çetin Inanç (director), Oktar Durukan (actor), Süheyl Egriboz (actor), Baykal Kent (actor), Hüseyin Peyda (actor), Baki Tamer (actor), Necip Tekçe (actor), Turgut Özatay (actor), Cüneyt Arkin (actor), Çetin Basaran (actor), Mehmet Karahafiz (producer), Osman Betin (actor), Emel Tümer (actress), Arzu Aytun (actress), Sinasi Ercan (actor),
Genres: Action, Adventure,Actors: Cüneyt Arkin (director), Sümer Tilmaç (actor), Cüneyt Arkin (producer), Safa Önal (writer), Cüneyt Arkin (actor), Hüseyin Peyda (actor), Kadir Savun (actor), Osman F. Seden (actor), Nejat Özbek (actor), Murat Arkin (actor), Betül Arkin (actress), Mehmet Kemal (actor),
Genres: Drama,Actors: Sirri Gültekin (director), Hulusi Kentmen (actor), Necdet Yakin (actor), Tamer Yigit (actor), Reha Yurdakul (actor), Hüseyin Zan (actor), Feri Cansel (actress), Sezer Güvenirgil (actress), Suna Pekuysal (actress), Mualla Sürer (actress), Özdemir Birsel (producer), Sadik Sendil (writer), Hüseyin Baradan (actor), Abdullah N. Baysu (composer),
Genres: Drama, Romance,