Kępno [ˈkɛmpnɔ] ( listen) (German: Kempen in Posen) is a town in Poland. It lies on the outskirts of the Greater Poland Voivodeship, as it borders on Silesia and the Łódz Land, at the crossing point of two transport routes: north to south (road number 11) and east to west (road number 8). As of December 31, 2009 Kępno had a population of 14,760. One popular attraction in Kępno is the recently restored Rynek (market square).

Previously part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Kępno was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia in the 1793 Second Partition of Poland. Administered within South Prussia from 1793–1807, it was part of the Napoleonic Duchy of Warsaw from 1807-1815. As Kempen, it was restored to Prussia in the 1815 Congress of Vienna and administered within the Grand Duchy of Posen (until 1848) and the Province of Posen, within which it was the seat of the district Kempen in Posen. The town was a 19th century shtetl.

On 17 January 1920, after World War I, it became part of the Second Polish Republic. Following the invasion of Poland and the outbreak of the Second World War in September 1939, Kępno was occupied by the Wehrmacht and annexed by Nazi Germany. It was renamed Kempen and administered as part of the county or district (kreis) of the same name within Reichsgau Wartheland. Red Army troops took the town on January 21, 1945 and with the end of the war, the town became part of the People's Republic of Poland.

Kępno County (Polish: powiat kępiński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Kępno, which lies 144 kilometres (89 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.

The county covers an area of 608.39 square kilometres (234.9 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 55,335, out of which the population of Kępno is 14,710 and the rural population is 40,625.

Kępno County is bordered by Ostrzeszów County to the north, Wieruszów County to the east, Kluczbork County to the south, Namysłów County to the south-west and Oleśnica County to the west.

The county is subdivided into seven gminas (one urban-rural and six rural). These are listed in the following table, in descending order of population.