- published: 09 Mar 2012
- views: 1779
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The Gravettian culture is the common ancestor of Finns and Magyars
The Venus of Brassempouy (French: la Dame de Brassempouy, meaning "Lady of Brassempouy", or Dame à la Capuche, "Lady with the Hood") is a fragmentary ivory figurine from the Upper Palaeolithic. It was discovered in a cave at Brassempouy, France in 1892. About 25,000 years old, it is one of the earliest known realistic representations of a human face and hairstyle.
Brassempouy is a small village in the département of Landes in southwest France. Two caves near the village, 100 metres from each other, were among the first Paleolithic sites to be explored in France. They are known as the Galerie des Hyènes (Gallery of the Hyenas) and the Grotte du Pape (the "Pope's Cave"). The Venus of Brassempouy was discovered in the Pope's Cave in 1894, accompanied by at least eight other human figures. These may be an example of unfinished work, as if artist(s) carved several figurines at the same time.
P.E. Dubalen first explored the Grotte du Pape in 1881, followed by J. de Laporterie and Édouard Piette (1827--1906) from 1894 onwards. Since archaeological excavation techniques were then only starting to develop, they paid little attention to the stratigraphy of the site containing the remains. In 1892 the site was pillaged and disturbed almost beyond reconstruction by a field trip of amateurs from the Association française pour l'avancement de la science. Nevertheless, Piette described layers attributed to the late and middle Solutrean. He termed the bottom levels he reached as éburnéen (pale or white like ivory), in reference to the copious amounts of ivory works which they contained. Modern reanalysis of the site has been undertaken under the direction of Henri Delporte, 1981--2000.
In 1894, one of those strata, today recognized as Gravettian, yielded several fragments of female statuettes, including the "Lady with the Hood". Piette saw the figures as closely related to the representations of animals of the Magdalenian. He developed a hypothetical chronology that was later refuted by Henri Breuil.
Description
Front and side view of the Venus of Brassempouy.
The Venus of Brassempouy was carved from mammoth ivory. She is 3.65 cm high, 2.2 cm deep and 1.9 cm wide. Her face is triangular and seems tranquil. While forehead, nose and brows are carved in relief, the mouth is absent. A vertical crack on the right side of the face is linked to the internal structure of the ivory. On the head is a checkerboard-like pattern formed by two series of shallow incisions at right angles to each other; it has been interpreted as a wig, a hood, or simply a representation of hair.
Randall White observed in the Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory (December 2006), "The figurines emerged from the ground into a colonial intellectual and socio-political context nearly obsessed with matters of race." Although the style of representation is essentially realistic, the proportions of the head do not correspond exactly to any known human population of the present or past. Since the mid-twentieth century, interpretative questions have shifted from race to matters concerning womanhood and fertility, White has noted.
Date
Although the head was discovered so early that its context could not be studied thoroughly, scholars agree that the Venus of Brassempouy belonged to an Upper Palaeolithic material culture, the Gravettian (29,000--22,000 BP). More precisely, they place the figurine in the Middle Gravettian, with "Noailles" burins circa 26,000 to 24,000 BP. She is more or less contemporary with the other Palaeolithic Venus figurines, such as those of Lespugue, Dolní Vestonice, Willendorf, etc. Nonetheless, she is distinguished among the group by the realistic character of the representation.
The Upper Paleolithic Venus of Brassempouy is a surviving fragment of an ivory carving (broken in Antiquity) which was unearthed in 1892 at Brassempouy, in the department of Landes in southwest France in 1892. Dated to about 23,000 years BCE, this unique prehistoric sculpture is one of very few detailed representations of a human face, from the Stone Age era, and possibly the earliest known. It belongs to the European tradition of miniature "Venus Figurines" as exemplified by the German Venus of Hohle Fels (35,000-40,000 BCE), the Russian ivory carving known as the Venus of Kostenky (c.30,000 BCE), and the famous Austrian Venus of Willendorf (c.25,000 BCE).
- published: 10 Jun 2014
- views: 2668
http://vinesbranch.net/index.php?p=1_4_10-LOST-TRIBES-have-been-found-AND-WE-KNOW-WHEN-YOU-WILL-BE-REUNITED
WASHINGTON, Nov 10 (Reuters) - Virtually all European men descend from 10 genetic forefathers who lived tens of thousands of years ago in various parts of the continent, researchers reported on Friday. They all seem to have been descended from men who moved to Europe from the Ural mountains of Central Asia and the Middle East in three successive waves, the international team of genetic researchers reports in the journal Science. The researchers, led by Dr. Ornella Semino of Pavia University in Italy, studied the Y chromosomes of 1,007 men across Europe and the Middle East. Only men have Y chromosomes and they are passed down virtually unchanged from father to son. Mutations in the Y chromosome can be used as a kind of molecular clock, and the researchers found that 95 per cent of the men"s genes could be traced to one of 10 categories. "Ten lineages account for about 95 percent of the 1,007 European Y chromosomes studied," the researchers wrote in their report, published in the journal Science. The genes match up nicely to what experts know about European society. "It is possible to see three clusters of distinct geography and culture," the researchers wrote. "The first comprises Basques and Western Europeans, the second Middle Eastern and the third Eastern European populations from Croatia, Ukraine, Hungary and Poland." Although Basques in Spain, Sardinians in Italy and Saami people in Finland have distinct cultures, their genes look like those of other Europeans, the researchers said. The oldest male lineage they found dates back to the Old Stone Age or Paleolithic period, which ended 15,000 years ago. It is characterized by a genetic variation or mutation called M173 and is found in half the men they looked at. There are two subtypes that share M173, called Eu18 and Eu19, the researchers said. "The frequency of Eu18 decreases from west to east, being most frequent in Basques," they wrote. "In contrast, haplotype Eu19, which is derived from the M173 lineage and is distinguished by M17, is virtually absent in Western Europe," they added. "Its frequency increases eastward and reaches a maximum in Poland, Hungary and Ukraine." These people first showed up in the archeological record as the Aurignacian people, who were known for their rock art and fine tools. Some of the genes also show up in Native American and Siberian people. "This observation suggests that M173 is an ancient Eurasiatic marker that was brought in or arose in the group of Homo sapiens sapiens (modern humans) who entered Europe and diffused from east to west about 40,000 to 35,000 years ago, spreading the Aurignac culture," the researchers wrote. "This culture appeared almost simultaneously in Siberia, from which some groups eventually migrated to the Americas." GROUPS BECAME ISOLATED IN ICE AGE Some of the genetic variations tie in with theories that groups became isolated during the last Ice Age, which ended 13,000 years ago, the researchers said. Another marker, called M170, dates to about 22,000 years ago, the researchers said, and is associated with the Gravettian culture. This group was known for its Venus figurines, shell jewelry and for using mammoth bones to build homes. The third group -- about 20 percent of the men -- seem to date from more recent times, having come into Europe between 15,000 and 20,000 years ago, the researchers said. These men were probably the first Neolithic farmers who migrated from the Fertile Crescent in the Middle East and, as might be expected, their genes are found most frequently along the Mediterranean, the researchers said.
- published: 08 May 2015
- views: 177
A man makes clay pot using traditional techniques, various items like clay pots, mini masterpieces in the shape of elephants and many more...
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares, of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.
The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products." Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.
Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC, and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP. Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC), the Russian Far East (14,000 BC), Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.
Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
Source :- Wikipedia
This footage is part of the professionally-shot broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The Wilderness Films India collection comprises of 50, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on HDCAM / SR 1080i High Definition, Alexa, SR, HDV and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world...
Please subscribe to our channel wildfilmsindia on Youtube for a steady stream of videos from across India. Also, visit and enjoy your journey across India at www.clipahoy.com , India's first video-based social networking experience!
Reach us at rupindang @ gmail . com and admin@wildfilmsindia.com
- published: 08 Jul 2014
- views: 3126
The art of traditional clay pottery in Nepal.
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares, of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.
The definition of pottery used by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.
Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000–25,000 BC, and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP. Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC), Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.
Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
Source :- Wikipedia
This footage is part of the professionally-shot broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The Wilderness Films India collection comprises of 50, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on HDCAM / SR 1080i High Definition, Alexa, SR, HDV and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world...
Please subscribe to our channel wildfilmsindia on Youtube for a steady stream of videos from across India. Also, visit and enjoy your journey across India at www.clipahoy.com , India's first video-based social networking experience!
Reach us at rupindang @ gmail . com and admin@wildfilmsindia.com
- published: 11 Aug 2014
- views: 300
THE UGRO-FINNIANS WERE NATIVE -EUROPEAN GRAVETTIANS AND NOT ASIAN OR SIBERIAN MONGOLOIDS!
THE SUNGIR CULTURE IS 28 000 YEAR OLD,NEAR TO MOSCOW, RUSSIA!
THIS Y-DNA R1A1 IN TODAY SCYTHO-SARMATIAN-HUNNIC AND SLAVIC SPEAKER POPULATIONS!
IN EUROPE, INDIA, SUBARTU, ALTAI MOUNTAINS AND SIBERIA.
- published: 26 Mar 2011
- views: 1959
A team of researchers from a variety of institutions in Italy has found evidence of oat grinding by Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherers—a stone pestle with bits of grain still intact. In their paper published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the team describes the stone relic and their study of it and offers some theories on why they believe the early people were grinding grains.
In what the researchers describe as the earliest known example of the consumption of oats, the pestle, which was found in Grotta Paglicci (a cave first discovered in the 1950's) in Southern Italy, represents an attempt by early Europeans to make oat grain more palatable. A closer look at the grain remains on the pestle revealed that they had been heated prior to grinding, a sign of an attempt to dry it before processing, just as is done today. The resulting powder, a type of flour, the group notes, was then likely used to make a type of porridge or perhaps as the main ingredient in a baked bread.
The relics at the Grotta site have been dated back to approximately 32,000 years ago and were left by a people known as the Gravettian culture—hunter-gathers that also left behind paintings on cave walls, other works of art, evidence of technology and an elaborate burial system. Heating grains before processing would have made sense, the team notes as the climate was much colder and wetter during that period. They also note that grinding oats into flour would have made it easier to carry as people moved to new locations in search of food and to store it over a long cold winter.
http://phys.org/news/2015-09-ancient-pestle-paleolithic-people-ground.html
- published: 08 Sep 2015
- views: 68
For more information about BA Archaeology at Durham University:
https://www.dur.ac.uk/courses/info/?id=8394&title;=Archaeology&code;=F400&type;=BA&year;=2016
- published: 25 Jan 2016
- views: 264
Pottery
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Pot" and "Pots" redirect here. For other uses of "pot", see Pot (disambiguation). For other uses of "pots", see POTS.
A potter at work in Jaura, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Unfired "green ware" pottery on a traditional drying rack at Conner Prairie living history museum
Traditional Pottery workshop reconstruction in the Museum of traditional crafts and applied arts, Troyan, Bulgaria
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3]
The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.[5]
Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC,[6] and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP.[7] Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC),[9] Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.
Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
Physical stages of clay[edit]
Tajine potter, making tajines
Clay ware takes on varying physical characteristics during the making of pottery.
Greenware refers to unfired objects. At sufficient moisture content, bodies at this stage are in their most plastic form: they are soft and malleable, and hence can be easily deformed by handling.
Leather-hard refers to a clay body that has been dried partially. At this stage the clay object has approximately 15% moisture content. Clay bodies at this stage are very firm and only slightly pliable. Trimming and handle attachment often occurs at the leather-hard state.
Bone-dry refers to clay bodies when they reach a moisture content at or near 0%. It is now ready to be bisque fired.
Bisque [10][11] refers to the clay after the object is shaped to the desired form and fired in the kiln for the first time, known as "bisque fired" or "biscuit fired". This firing changes the clay body in several ways. Mineral components of the clay body will undergo chemical changes that will change the colour of the clay.
Glaze fired is the final stage of some pottery making. A glaze may be applied to the bisque form and the object can be decorated in several ways. After this the object is "glazed fired", which causes the glaze material to melt, then adhere to the object. The glaze firing will also harden the body still more as chemical processes can continue to occur in the body.
In art history, ceramics and ceramic art mean art objects such as figures, tiles, and tableware made from clay and other raw materials by the process of pottery. Some ceramic products are regarded as fine art, while others are regarded as decorative, industrial or applied art objects, or as artifacts in archaeology. They may be made by one individual or in a factory where a group of people design, make and decorate the ware. Decorative ceramics are sometimes called "art pottery".[1]
The word "ceramics" comes from the Greek keramikos (κεραμικος), meaning "pottery", which in turn comes from keramos (κεραμος), meaning "potter's clay."[2] Most traditional ceramic products were made from clay (or clay mixed with other materials), shaped and subjected to heat, and tableware and decorative ceramics are generally still made this way. In modern ceramic engineering usage, ceramics is the art and science of making objects from inorganic, non-metallic materials by the action of heat. It excludes glass and mosaic made from glass tesserae.
- published: 30 Jun 2014
- views: 765
Pottery
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Pot" and "Pots" redirect here. For other uses of "pot", see Pot (disambiguation). For other uses of "pots", see POTS.
A potter at work in Jaura, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Unfired "green ware" pottery on a traditional drying rack at Conner Prairie living history museum
Traditional Pottery workshop reconstruction in the Museum of traditional crafts and applied arts, Troyan, Bulgaria
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3]
The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.[5]
Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC,[6] and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP.[7] Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC),[9] Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.
Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
Physical stages of clay[edit]
Tajine potter, making tajines
Clay ware takes on varying physical characteristics during the making of pottery.
Greenware refers to unfired objects. At sufficient moisture content, bodies at this stage are in their most plastic form: they are soft and malleable, and hence can be easily deformed by handling.
Leather-hard refers to a clay body that has been dried partially. At this stage the clay object has approximately 15% moisture content. Clay bodies at this stage are very firm and only slightly pliable. Trimming and handle attachment often occurs at the leather-hard state.
Bone-dry refers to clay bodies when they reach a moisture content at or near 0%. It is now ready to be bisque fired.
Bisque [10][11] refers to the clay after the object is shaped to the desired form and fired in the kiln for the first time, known as "bisque fired" or "biscuit fired". This firing changes the clay body in several ways. Mineral components of the clay body will undergo chemical changes that will change the colour of the clay.
Glaze fired is the final stage of some pottery making. A glaze may be applied to the bisque form and the object can be decorated in several ways. After this the object is "glazed fired", which causes the glaze material to melt, then adhere to the object. The glaze firing will also harden the body still more as chemical processes can continue to occur in the body.
In art history, ceramics and ceramic art mean art objects such as figures, tiles, and tableware made from clay and other raw materials by the process of pottery. Some ceramic products are regarded as fine art, while others are regarded as decorative, industrial or applied art objects, or as artifacts in archaeology. They may be made by one individual or in a factory where a group of people design, make and decorate the ware. Decorative ceramics are sometimes called "art pottery".[1]
The word "ceramics" comes from the Greek keramikos (κεραμικος), meaning "pottery", which in turn comes from keramos (κεραμος), meaning "potter's clay."[2] Most traditional ceramic products were made from clay (or clay mixed with other materials), shaped and subjected to heat, and tableware and decorative ceramics are generally still made this way. In modern ceramic engineering usage, ceramics is the art and science of making objects from inorganic, non-metallic materials by the action of heat. It excludes glass and mosaic made from glass tesserae.
- published: 30 Jun 2014
- views: 2113
Venus Figurine and the Origin of Ceramic Technology. The oldest pottery discovered.
The earliest ceramics made by humans were pottery objects, including 27,000 year old figurines, made from clay, In our modern world of metal technology and artificial plastics it’s easy to forget the importance of ceramics. However, there was a time when pottery was the only way to make vessels for cooking food or storing it. Doing so would’ve opened up a raft of new options for prehistoric people, such as using advanced cooking techniques to make previously inedible resources palatable. Alternatively by storing food they could’ve made lean times less harsh enabling larger populations or making previously inhospitable locations habitable.
The Dolni Vestonice ceramic figurine
However ceramics weren’t always utilised for such utilitarian purposes. The first instances of this technology come from a set of European sites (Dolni Vestonice, Pavlov and Piredmosti) which were inhabited by people 28-24,000 years BP. These individuals produced the Gravettian industry which included the famous Venus figurines. One such figurine, made from ceramics, is the earliest example of the technology we have. Ice Age European pottery suggests that this is an independent invention and not the result of refining the methods which produced the famous “bangers” at Dolni Vestonice.
Dolni Vestonice was once a thriving camp inhabited during the Palaeolithic period approximately 30,000 years ago. Today it is a prominent archaeological site located near the modern City of Brno in the Czech Republic.
Dolni Vestonice is famous for the rich deposit of archaeological evidence, providing us with an insight into a culture of Ice-Age people in central Europe. It shows how people constructed their huts of mammoth bones, the technology they used, as well as burial practices and the making of art – some of the earliest examples of symbolic representation.
The site includes the remnants of several huts, one of which has the remains of one of the earliest kilns ever discovered. The kiln, used for baking clay objects, is remarkable for that time. It wasn’t for another 15,000 years that people in faraway Japan would shape clay and turn it into ceramic pots – the first containers made out of clay.
The kiln at Dolni Vestonice had glowing coals that were covered by a dome made of earth. The floor of the hut around the kiln was covered with hundreds of ceramic figurines and their fragments, depicting humans and numerous animals. These are the first examples of ceramic artefacts ever found and they date to between 28,000 and 24,000 years ago.
One of the most striking and almost complete figurines became known as the Venus of Dolni Vestonice. It is 11cm high and depicts a voluptuous nude female figure – it is thought to be a symbol of fertility or possibly an idol or ‘goddess’. This Venus found a prominent place in textbooks and coffee-table books and also in popular imagination – showing how our distant ancestors reflected on themselves through pictorial representation and how they invented the art, as we know it.
Other stylised female figurines have also been found at the site, some more lifelike than others, several carved in animal bone or ivory. Many animal clay figurines are quite naturalistic and depict large Ice Age animals including mammoth, rhinoceros, bear and lion.
- published: 12 Nov 2014
- views: 788
The Gravettian toolmaking culture was a specific archaeological industry of the European Upper Palaeolithic era prevalent before the last glacial epoch. It is named after the type site of La Gravette in the Dordogne region of France where its characteristic tools were first found and studied. The earliest signs of the culture date to 32,000 ya in the Crimean mountains. It lasted until 22,000 years ago. Where found, it succeeded the artifacts datable to the Aurignacian culture.
The diagnostic characteristic artifacts of the industry are small pointed restruck blade with a blunt but straight back, a carving tool known as a Noailles burin. (See to compare with similar purposed modern tool: burin)
Artistic achievements of the Gravettian cultural stage include the hundreds of Venus figurines, which are widely distributed in Europe. The predecessor culture was linked to similar figurines and carvings.
Gravettian culture is a phase (c.28,000–23,000 ya) of the European Upper Paleolithic that is characterized by a stone-tool industry with small pointed blades used for big-game hunting (bison, horse, reindeer and mammoth). People in the Gravettian period also used nets to hunt small game. For more information on hunting see Animal Usage in the Gravettian. It is divided into two regional groups: the western Gravettian, mostly known from cave sites in France, and the eastern Gravettian, with open sites of specialized mammoth hunters on the plains of central Europe and Russia. The earliest evidence of Gravettian culture comes from the Buran-Kaya caves in the Crimean Mountains (southern Ukraine), dating to 32,000 years ago.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravettian
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
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0:45The Gravettian culture is the common ancestor of Finns and Magyars
The Gravettian culture is the common ancestor of Finns and MagyarsThe Gravettian culture is the common ancestor of Finns and Magyars
The Gravettian culture is the common ancestor of Finns and Magyars -
2:25FINNS AND MAGYARS are NOT FROM URAL!
FINNS AND MAGYARS are NOT FROM URAL! -
1:00Venus of Brassempouy(c.23,000 BCE)One of the earliest representations of a human face and hairstyle
Venus of Brassempouy(c.23,000 BCE)One of the earliest representations of a human face and hairstyleVenus of Brassempouy(c.23,000 BCE)One of the earliest representations of a human face and hairstyle
The Venus of Brassempouy (French: la Dame de Brassempouy, meaning "Lady of Brassempouy", or Dame à la Capuche, "Lady with the Hood") is a fragmentary ivory figurine from the Upper Palaeolithic. It was discovered in a cave at Brassempouy, France in 1892. About 25,000 years old, it is one of the earliest known realistic representations of a human face and hairstyle. Brassempouy is a small village in the département of Landes in southwest France. Two caves near the village, 100 metres from each other, were among the first Paleolithic sites to be explored in France. They are known as the Galerie des Hyènes (Gallery of the Hyenas) and the Grotte du Pape (the "Pope's Cave"). The Venus of Brassempouy was discovered in the Pope's Cave in 1894, accompanied by at least eight other human figures. These may be an example of unfinished work, as if artist(s) carved several figurines at the same time. P.E. Dubalen first explored the Grotte du Pape in 1881, followed by J. de Laporterie and Édouard Piette (1827--1906) from 1894 onwards. Since archaeological excavation techniques were then only starting to develop, they paid little attention to the stratigraphy of the site containing the remains. In 1892 the site was pillaged and disturbed almost beyond reconstruction by a field trip of amateurs from the Association française pour l'avancement de la science. Nevertheless, Piette described layers attributed to the late and middle Solutrean. He termed the bottom levels he reached as éburnéen (pale or white like ivory), in reference to the copious amounts of ivory works which they contained. Modern reanalysis of the site has been undertaken under the direction of Henri Delporte, 1981--2000. In 1894, one of those strata, today recognized as Gravettian, yielded several fragments of female statuettes, including the "Lady with the Hood". Piette saw the figures as closely related to the representations of animals of the Magdalenian. He developed a hypothetical chronology that was later refuted by Henri Breuil. Description Front and side view of the Venus of Brassempouy. The Venus of Brassempouy was carved from mammoth ivory. She is 3.65 cm high, 2.2 cm deep and 1.9 cm wide. Her face is triangular and seems tranquil. While forehead, nose and brows are carved in relief, the mouth is absent. A vertical crack on the right side of the face is linked to the internal structure of the ivory. On the head is a checkerboard-like pattern formed by two series of shallow incisions at right angles to each other; it has been interpreted as a wig, a hood, or simply a representation of hair. Randall White observed in the Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory (December 2006), "The figurines emerged from the ground into a colonial intellectual and socio-political context nearly obsessed with matters of race." Although the style of representation is essentially realistic, the proportions of the head do not correspond exactly to any known human population of the present or past. Since the mid-twentieth century, interpretative questions have shifted from race to matters concerning womanhood and fertility, White has noted. Date Although the head was discovered so early that its context could not be studied thoroughly, scholars agree that the Venus of Brassempouy belonged to an Upper Palaeolithic material culture, the Gravettian (29,000--22,000 BP). More precisely, they place the figurine in the Middle Gravettian, with "Noailles" burins circa 26,000 to 24,000 BP. She is more or less contemporary with the other Palaeolithic Venus figurines, such as those of Lespugue, Dolní Vestonice, Willendorf, etc. Nonetheless, she is distinguished among the group by the realistic character of the representation. The Upper Paleolithic Venus of Brassempouy is a surviving fragment of an ivory carving (broken in Antiquity) which was unearthed in 1892 at Brassempouy, in the department of Landes in southwest France in 1892. Dated to about 23,000 years BCE, this unique prehistoric sculpture is one of very few detailed representations of a human face, from the Stone Age era, and possibly the earliest known. It belongs to the European tradition of miniature "Venus Figurines" as exemplified by the German Venus of Hohle Fels (35,000-40,000 BCE), the Russian ivory carving known as the Venus of Kostenky (c.30,000 BCE), and the famous Austrian Venus of Willendorf (c.25,000 BCE). -
7:42European men descend from 10 genetic forefathers
European men descend from 10 genetic forefathersEuropean men descend from 10 genetic forefathers
http://vinesbranch.net/index.php?p=1_4_10-LOST-TRIBES-have-been-found-AND-WE-KNOW-WHEN-YOU-WILL-BE-REUNITED WASHINGTON, Nov 10 (Reuters) - Virtually all European men descend from 10 genetic forefathers who lived tens of thousands of years ago in various parts of the continent, researchers reported on Friday. They all seem to have been descended from men who moved to Europe from the Ural mountains of Central Asia and the Middle East in three successive waves, the international team of genetic researchers reports in the journal Science. The researchers, led by Dr. Ornella Semino of Pavia University in Italy, studied the Y chromosomes of 1,007 men across Europe and the Middle East. Only men have Y chromosomes and they are passed down virtually unchanged from father to son. Mutations in the Y chromosome can be used as a kind of molecular clock, and the researchers found that 95 per cent of the men"s genes could be traced to one of 10 categories. "Ten lineages account for about 95 percent of the 1,007 European Y chromosomes studied," the researchers wrote in their report, published in the journal Science. The genes match up nicely to what experts know about European society. "It is possible to see three clusters of distinct geography and culture," the researchers wrote. "The first comprises Basques and Western Europeans, the second Middle Eastern and the third Eastern European populations from Croatia, Ukraine, Hungary and Poland." Although Basques in Spain, Sardinians in Italy and Saami people in Finland have distinct cultures, their genes look like those of other Europeans, the researchers said. The oldest male lineage they found dates back to the Old Stone Age or Paleolithic period, which ended 15,000 years ago. It is characterized by a genetic variation or mutation called M173 and is found in half the men they looked at. There are two subtypes that share M173, called Eu18 and Eu19, the researchers said. "The frequency of Eu18 decreases from west to east, being most frequent in Basques," they wrote. "In contrast, haplotype Eu19, which is derived from the M173 lineage and is distinguished by M17, is virtually absent in Western Europe," they added. "Its frequency increases eastward and reaches a maximum in Poland, Hungary and Ukraine." These people first showed up in the archeological record as the Aurignacian people, who were known for their rock art and fine tools. Some of the genes also show up in Native American and Siberian people. "This observation suggests that M173 is an ancient Eurasiatic marker that was brought in or arose in the group of Homo sapiens sapiens (modern humans) who entered Europe and diffused from east to west about 40,000 to 35,000 years ago, spreading the Aurignac culture," the researchers wrote. "This culture appeared almost simultaneously in Siberia, from which some groups eventually migrated to the Americas." GROUPS BECAME ISOLATED IN ICE AGE Some of the genetic variations tie in with theories that groups became isolated during the last Ice Age, which ended 13,000 years ago, the researchers said. Another marker, called M170, dates to about 22,000 years ago, the researchers said, and is associated with the Gravettian culture. This group was known for its Venus figurines, shell jewelry and for using mammoth bones to build homes. The third group -- about 20 percent of the men -- seem to date from more recent times, having come into Europe between 15,000 and 20,000 years ago, the researchers said. These men were probably the first Neolithic farmers who migrated from the Fertile Crescent in the Middle East and, as might be expected, their genes are found most frequently along the Mediterranean, the researchers said. -
3:28Traditional pot making technique from India
Traditional pot making technique from IndiaTraditional pot making technique from India
A man makes clay pot using traditional techniques, various items like clay pots, mini masterpieces in the shape of elephants and many more... Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares, of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery. The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products." Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels. Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC, and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP. Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC), the Russian Far East (14,000 BC), Sub-Saharan Africa and South America. Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired. Source :- Wikipedia This footage is part of the professionally-shot broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The Wilderness Films India collection comprises of 50, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on HDCAM / SR 1080i High Definition, Alexa, SR, HDV and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world... Please subscribe to our channel wildfilmsindia on Youtube for a steady stream of videos from across India. Also, visit and enjoy your journey across India at www.clipahoy.com , India's first video-based social networking experience! Reach us at rupindang @ gmail . com and admin@wildfilmsindia.com -
1:17Pottery making in Nepal
Pottery making in NepalPottery making in Nepal
The art of traditional clay pottery in Nepal. Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares, of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery. The definition of pottery used by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels. Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000–25,000 BC, and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP. Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC), Sub-Saharan Africa and South America. Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired. Source :- Wikipedia This footage is part of the professionally-shot broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The Wilderness Films India collection comprises of 50, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on HDCAM / SR 1080i High Definition, Alexa, SR, HDV and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world... Please subscribe to our channel wildfilmsindia on Youtube for a steady stream of videos from across India. Also, visit and enjoy your journey across India at www.clipahoy.com , India's first video-based social networking experience! Reach us at rupindang @ gmail . com and admin@wildfilmsindia.com -
4:43HUNGARIAN PAST- PART 1. UGRO-FINNIA BC 30 000 (ságvár-sungir gravettians)
HUNGARIAN PAST- PART 1. UGRO-FINNIA BC 30 000 (ságvár-sungir gravettians)HUNGARIAN PAST- PART 1. UGRO-FINNIA BC 30 000 (ságvár-sungir gravettians)
THE UGRO-FINNIANS WERE NATIVE -EUROPEAN GRAVETTIANS AND NOT ASIAN OR SIBERIAN MONGOLOIDS! THE SUNGIR CULTURE IS 28 000 YEAR OLD,NEAR TO MOSCOW, RUSSIA! THIS Y-DNA R1A1 IN TODAY SCYTHO-SARMATIAN-HUNNIC AND SLAVIC SPEAKER POPULATIONS! IN EUROPE, INDIA, SUBARTU, ALTAI MOUNTAINS AND SIBERIA. -
2:31Ancient pestle shows Paleolithic people ground oats for food
Ancient pestle shows Paleolithic people ground oats for foodAncient pestle shows Paleolithic people ground oats for food
A team of researchers from a variety of institutions in Italy has found evidence of oat grinding by Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherers—a stone pestle with bits of grain still intact. In their paper published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the team describes the stone relic and their study of it and offers some theories on why they believe the early people were grinding grains. In what the researchers describe as the earliest known example of the consumption of oats, the pestle, which was found in Grotta Paglicci (a cave first discovered in the 1950's) in Southern Italy, represents an attempt by early Europeans to make oat grain more palatable. A closer look at the grain remains on the pestle revealed that they had been heated prior to grinding, a sign of an attempt to dry it before processing, just as is done today. The resulting powder, a type of flour, the group notes, was then likely used to make a type of porridge or perhaps as the main ingredient in a baked bread. The relics at the Grotta site have been dated back to approximately 32,000 years ago and were left by a people known as the Gravettian culture—hunter-gathers that also left behind paintings on cave walls, other works of art, evidence of technology and an elaborate burial system. Heating grains before processing would have made sense, the team notes as the climate was much colder and wetter during that period. They also note that grinding oats into flour would have made it easier to carry as people moved to new locations in search of food and to store it over a long cold winter. http://phys.org/news/2015-09-ancient-pestle-paleolithic-people-ground.html -
4:59From Gravettian to Graffiti: Undergraduate Archaeology at Durham University
From Gravettian to Graffiti: Undergraduate Archaeology at Durham UniversityFrom Gravettian to Graffiti: Undergraduate Archaeology at Durham University
For more information about BA Archaeology at Durham University: https://www.dur.ac.uk/courses/info/?id=8394&title;=Archaeology&code;=F400&type;=BA&year;=2016 -
0:25A Potter Kumhar Making a Pot Ghada with Clay Mud
A Potter Kumhar Making a Pot Ghada with Clay MudA Potter Kumhar Making a Pot Ghada with Clay Mud
Pottery From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia "Pot" and "Pots" redirect here. For other uses of "pot", see Pot (disambiguation). For other uses of "pots", see POTS. A potter at work in Jaura, Madhya Pradesh, India. Unfired "green ware" pottery on a traditional drying rack at Conner Prairie living history museum Traditional Pottery workshop reconstruction in the Museum of traditional crafts and applied arts, Troyan, Bulgaria Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3] The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.[5] Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC,[6] and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP.[7] Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC),[9] Sub-Saharan Africa and South America. Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired. Physical stages of clay[edit] Tajine potter, making tajines Clay ware takes on varying physical characteristics during the making of pottery. Greenware refers to unfired objects. At sufficient moisture content, bodies at this stage are in their most plastic form: they are soft and malleable, and hence can be easily deformed by handling. Leather-hard refers to a clay body that has been dried partially. At this stage the clay object has approximately 15% moisture content. Clay bodies at this stage are very firm and only slightly pliable. Trimming and handle attachment often occurs at the leather-hard state. Bone-dry refers to clay bodies when they reach a moisture content at or near 0%. It is now ready to be bisque fired. Bisque [10][11] refers to the clay after the object is shaped to the desired form and fired in the kiln for the first time, known as "bisque fired" or "biscuit fired". This firing changes the clay body in several ways. Mineral components of the clay body will undergo chemical changes that will change the colour of the clay. Glaze fired is the final stage of some pottery making. A glaze may be applied to the bisque form and the object can be decorated in several ways. After this the object is "glazed fired", which causes the glaze material to melt, then adhere to the object. The glaze firing will also harden the body still more as chemical processes can continue to occur in the body. In art history, ceramics and ceramic art mean art objects such as figures, tiles, and tableware made from clay and other raw materials by the process of pottery. Some ceramic products are regarded as fine art, while others are regarded as decorative, industrial or applied art objects, or as artifacts in archaeology. They may be made by one individual or in a factory where a group of people design, make and decorate the ware. Decorative ceramics are sometimes called "art pottery".[1] The word "ceramics" comes from the Greek keramikos (κεραμικος), meaning "pottery", which in turn comes from keramos (κεραμος), meaning "potter's clay."[2] Most traditional ceramic products were made from clay (or clay mixed with other materials), shaped and subjected to heat, and tableware and decorative ceramics are generally still made this way. In modern ceramic engineering usage, ceramics is the art and science of making objects from inorganic, non-metallic materials by the action of heat. It excludes glass and mosaic made from glass tesserae. -
2:53A Potter Kumhar Making a Pot Ghada with Clay Mud
A Potter Kumhar Making a Pot Ghada with Clay MudA Potter Kumhar Making a Pot Ghada with Clay Mud
Pottery From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia "Pot" and "Pots" redirect here. For other uses of "pot", see Pot (disambiguation). For other uses of "pots", see POTS. A potter at work in Jaura, Madhya Pradesh, India. Unfired "green ware" pottery on a traditional drying rack at Conner Prairie living history museum Traditional Pottery workshop reconstruction in the Museum of traditional crafts and applied arts, Troyan, Bulgaria Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3] The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.[5] Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC,[6] and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP.[7] Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC),[9] Sub-Saharan Africa and South America. Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired. Physical stages of clay[edit] Tajine potter, making tajines Clay ware takes on varying physical characteristics during the making of pottery. Greenware refers to unfired objects. At sufficient moisture content, bodies at this stage are in their most plastic form: they are soft and malleable, and hence can be easily deformed by handling. Leather-hard refers to a clay body that has been dried partially. At this stage the clay object has approximately 15% moisture content. Clay bodies at this stage are very firm and only slightly pliable. Trimming and handle attachment often occurs at the leather-hard state. Bone-dry refers to clay bodies when they reach a moisture content at or near 0%. It is now ready to be bisque fired. Bisque [10][11] refers to the clay after the object is shaped to the desired form and fired in the kiln for the first time, known as "bisque fired" or "biscuit fired". This firing changes the clay body in several ways. Mineral components of the clay body will undergo chemical changes that will change the colour of the clay. Glaze fired is the final stage of some pottery making. A glaze may be applied to the bisque form and the object can be decorated in several ways. After this the object is "glazed fired", which causes the glaze material to melt, then adhere to the object. The glaze firing will also harden the body still more as chemical processes can continue to occur in the body. In art history, ceramics and ceramic art mean art objects such as figures, tiles, and tableware made from clay and other raw materials by the process of pottery. Some ceramic products are regarded as fine art, while others are regarded as decorative, industrial or applied art objects, or as artifacts in archaeology. They may be made by one individual or in a factory where a group of people design, make and decorate the ware. Decorative ceramics are sometimes called "art pottery".[1] The word "ceramics" comes from the Greek keramikos (κεραμικος), meaning "pottery", which in turn comes from keramos (κεραμος), meaning "potter's clay."[2] Most traditional ceramic products were made from clay (or clay mixed with other materials), shaped and subjected to heat, and tableware and decorative ceramics are generally still made this way. In modern ceramic engineering usage, ceramics is the art and science of making objects from inorganic, non-metallic materials by the action of heat. It excludes glass and mosaic made from glass tesserae. -
1:19Origin of Ceramic Technology: Ice Age Bear Sculpture 25,000-29,000 years old Czech Republic
Origin of Ceramic Technology: Ice Age Bear Sculpture 25,000-29,000 years old Czech RepublicOrigin of Ceramic Technology: Ice Age Bear Sculpture 25,000-29,000 years old Czech Republic
Venus Figurine and the Origin of Ceramic Technology. The oldest pottery discovered. The earliest ceramics made by humans were pottery objects, including 27,000 year old figurines, made from clay, In our modern world of metal technology and artificial plastics it’s easy to forget the importance of ceramics. However, there was a time when pottery was the only way to make vessels for cooking food or storing it. Doing so would’ve opened up a raft of new options for prehistoric people, such as using advanced cooking techniques to make previously inedible resources palatable. Alternatively by storing food they could’ve made lean times less harsh enabling larger populations or making previously inhospitable locations habitable. The Dolni Vestonice ceramic figurine However ceramics weren’t always utilised for such utilitarian purposes. The first instances of this technology come from a set of European sites (Dolni Vestonice, Pavlov and Piredmosti) which were inhabited by people 28-24,000 years BP. These individuals produced the Gravettian industry which included the famous Venus figurines. One such figurine, made from ceramics, is the earliest example of the technology we have. Ice Age European pottery suggests that this is an independent invention and not the result of refining the methods which produced the famous “bangers” at Dolni Vestonice. Dolni Vestonice was once a thriving camp inhabited during the Palaeolithic period approximately 30,000 years ago. Today it is a prominent archaeological site located near the modern City of Brno in the Czech Republic. Dolni Vestonice is famous for the rich deposit of archaeological evidence, providing us with an insight into a culture of Ice-Age people in central Europe. It shows how people constructed their huts of mammoth bones, the technology they used, as well as burial practices and the making of art – some of the earliest examples of symbolic representation. The site includes the remnants of several huts, one of which has the remains of one of the earliest kilns ever discovered. The kiln, used for baking clay objects, is remarkable for that time. It wasn’t for another 15,000 years that people in faraway Japan would shape clay and turn it into ceramic pots – the first containers made out of clay. The kiln at Dolni Vestonice had glowing coals that were covered by a dome made of earth. The floor of the hut around the kiln was covered with hundreds of ceramic figurines and their fragments, depicting humans and numerous animals. These are the first examples of ceramic artefacts ever found and they date to between 28,000 and 24,000 years ago. One of the most striking and almost complete figurines became known as the Venus of Dolni Vestonice. It is 11cm high and depicts a voluptuous nude female figure – it is thought to be a symbol of fertility or possibly an idol or ‘goddess’. This Venus found a prominent place in textbooks and coffee-table books and also in popular imagination – showing how our distant ancestors reflected on themselves through pictorial representation and how they invented the art, as we know it. Other stylised female figurines have also been found at the site, some more lifelike than others, several carved in animal bone or ivory. Many animal clay figurines are quite naturalistic and depict large Ice Age animals including mammoth, rhinoceros, bear and lion. -
17:07Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Painting Drawing Rangoli Music Pottering Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G. Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3] The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.[5] Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC,[6] and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP.[7] Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC),[9] Sub-Saharan Africa and South America. Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired. Art is a diverse range of human activities and the products of those activities; this article focuses primarily on the visual arts, which includes the creation of images or objects in fields including painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, and other visual media. Architecture is often included as one of the visual arts; however, like the decorative arts, it involves the creation of objects where the practical considerations of use are essential—in a way that they usually are not in a painting, for example. Music, theatre, film, dance, and other performing arts, as well as literature and other media such as interactive media, are included in a broader definition of art or the arts.[1] Until the 17th century, art referred to any skill or mastery and was not differentiated from crafts or sciences. In modern usage after the 17th century, where aesthetic considerations are paramount, the fine arts are separated and distinguished from acquired skills in general, such as the decorative or applied arts. Art may be characterized in terms of mimesis (its representation of reality), expression, communication of emotion, or other qualities. During the Romantic period, art came to be seen as "a special faculty of the human mind to be classified with religion and science".[2] Though the definition of what constitutes art is disputed[3][4][5] and has changed over time, general descriptions mention an idea of imaginative or technical skill stemming from human agency[6] and creation.[7] The nature of art, and related concepts such as creativity and interpretation, are explored in a branch of philosophy known as aesthetics.[8] -
6:13Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Painting Drawing Rangoli Music Pottering Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G. Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3] The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.[5] Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC,[6] and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP.[7] Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC),[9] Sub-Saharan Africa and South America. Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
- Atlantic (period)
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- Venus figurines
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The Gravettian culture is the common ancestor of Finns and Magyars
The Gravettian culture is the common ancestor of Finns and Magyars -
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Venus of Brassempouy(c.23,000 BCE)One of the earliest representations of a human face and hairstyle
The Venus of Brassempouy (French: la Dame de Brassempouy, meaning "Lady of Brassempouy", or Dame à la Capuche, "Lady with the Hood") is a fragmentary ivory figurine from the Upper Palaeolithic. It was discovered in a cave at Brassempouy, France in 1892. About 25,000 years old, it is one of the earliest known realistic representations of a human face and hairstyle. Brassempouy is a small village in the département of Landes in southwest France. Two caves near the village, 100 metres from each other, were among the first Paleolithic sites to be explored in France. They are known as the Galerie des Hyènes (Gallery of the Hyenas) and the Grotte du Pape (the "Pope's Cave"). The Venus of Brassempouy was discovered in the Pope's Cave in 1894, accompanied by at least eight other human figures. Th... -
European men descend from 10 genetic forefathers
http://vinesbranch.net/index.php?p=1_4_10-LOST-TRIBES-have-been-found-AND-WE-KNOW-WHEN-YOU-WILL-BE-REUNITED WASHINGTON, Nov 10 (Reuters) - Virtually all European men descend from 10 genetic forefathers who lived tens of thousands of years ago in various parts of the continent, researchers reported on Friday. They all seem to have been descended from men who moved to Europe from the Ural mountains of Central Asia and the Middle East in three successive waves, the international team of genetic researchers reports in the journal Science. The researchers, led by Dr. Ornella Semino of Pavia University in Italy, studied the Y chromosomes of 1,007 men across Europe and the Middle East. Only men have Y chromosomes and they are passed down virtually unchanged from father to son. Mutations in the Y... -
Traditional pot making technique from India
A man makes clay pot using traditional techniques, various items like clay pots, mini masterpieces in the shape of elephants and many more... Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares, of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery. The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products." Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels. Pottery originate... -
Pottery making in Nepal
The art of traditional clay pottery in Nepal. Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares, of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery. The definition of pottery used by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels. Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects li... -
HUNGARIAN PAST- PART 1. UGRO-FINNIA BC 30 000 (ságvár-sungir gravettians)
THE UGRO-FINNIANS WERE NATIVE -EUROPEAN GRAVETTIANS AND NOT ASIAN OR SIBERIAN MONGOLOIDS! THE SUNGIR CULTURE IS 28 000 YEAR OLD,NEAR TO MOSCOW, RUSSIA! THIS Y-DNA R1A1 IN TODAY SCYTHO-SARMATIAN-HUNNIC AND SLAVIC SPEAKER POPULATIONS! IN EUROPE, INDIA, SUBARTU, ALTAI MOUNTAINS AND SIBERIA. -
Ancient pestle shows Paleolithic people ground oats for food
A team of researchers from a variety of institutions in Italy has found evidence of oat grinding by Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherers—a stone pestle with bits of grain still intact. In their paper published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the team describes the stone relic and their study of it and offers some theories on why they believe the early people were grinding grains. In what the researchers describe as the earliest known example of the consumption of oats, the pestle, which was found in Grotta Paglicci (a cave first discovered in the 1950's) in Southern Italy, represents an attempt by early Europeans to make oat grain more palatable. A closer look at the grain remains on the pestle revealed that they had been heated prior to grinding, a sign of an attempt to... -
From Gravettian to Graffiti: Undergraduate Archaeology at Durham University
For more information about BA Archaeology at Durham University: https://www.dur.ac.uk/courses/info/?id=8394&title;=Archaeology&code;=F400&type;=BA&year;=2016 -
A Potter Kumhar Making a Pot Ghada with Clay Mud
Pottery From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia "Pot" and "Pots" redirect here. For other uses of "pot", see Pot (disambiguation). For other uses of "pots", see POTS. A potter at work in Jaura, Madhya Pradesh, India. Unfired "green ware" pottery on a traditional drying rack at Conner Prairie living history museum Traditional Pottery workshop reconstruction in the Museum of traditional crafts and applied arts, Troyan, Bulgaria Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3] The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that... -
A Potter Kumhar Making a Pot Ghada with Clay Mud
Pottery From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia "Pot" and "Pots" redirect here. For other uses of "pot", see Pot (disambiguation). For other uses of "pots", see POTS. A potter at work in Jaura, Madhya Pradesh, India. Unfired "green ware" pottery on a traditional drying rack at Conner Prairie living history museum Traditional Pottery workshop reconstruction in the Museum of traditional crafts and applied arts, Troyan, Bulgaria Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3] The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that... -
Origin of Ceramic Technology: Ice Age Bear Sculpture 25,000-29,000 years old Czech Republic
Venus Figurine and the Origin of Ceramic Technology. The oldest pottery discovered. The earliest ceramics made by humans were pottery objects, including 27,000 year old figurines, made from clay, In our modern world of metal technology and artificial plastics it’s easy to forget the importance of ceramics. However, there was a time when pottery was the only way to make vessels for cooking food or storing it. Doing so would’ve opened up a raft of new options for prehistoric people, such as using advanced cooking techniques to make previously inedible resources palatable. Alternatively by storing food they could’ve made lean times less harsh enabling larger populations or making previously inhospitable locations habitable. The Dolni Vestonice ceramic figurine However ceramics weren’t alwa... -
Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Painting Drawing Rangoli Music Pottering Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G. Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3] The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.[5] Pottery originates during the ... -
Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Painting Drawing Rangoli Music Pottering Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G. Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3] The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.[5] Pottery originates during the ... -
Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Painting Drawing Rangoli Music Pottering Folk Dance Folk Song Mehndi A Complete Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G. Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3] The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vess... -
Neanderthal 2001 Full Documentry
Neanderthal (2001) Documentry Found this on an old video so please excuse the quality through moviemaker. Filmed 'near myself' at Glenveagh National Park, County Donegal, Ireland Directed by Tony Mitchell Cast Kenneth Cranham - Narrator (voice) Mark Byron - Cromagnon Jud Charlton - Neanderthal Alison Johnston - Neanderthal Cosh Omar - Neanderthal Howard Salinger - Neanderthal Samantha Seager - Neanderthal Miltos Yerolemou - Neanderthal Produced by Alex Graham Assistant producer - Ailsa Orr Original Music by Andrew Hulme Dan Mudford The Neanderthals are an extinct species or subspecies of the genus Homo which is closely related to modern humans. They are known from fossils, dating from the Pleistocene period, which have been found in Europe and parts of western and central Asia. The spe... -
Archaeological Evidence that Neanderthals were Highly Developed
Think the Neanderthals were a bunch of ignorant cave men? Think again, says renowned author of over a hundred books from "The Outsider" in 1956 to the Atlantis Blueprint with Rand Flem-Ath that established a new basis for research into the Atlantis story. Now he's out with "Atlantis and the Kingdom of the Neanderthals," an astonishment of a new book that offers phenomenal archaeological evidence that Neanderthals had a highly developed culture. Listen as Colin takes us on a journey into the past as we have never seen it before in this thrilling interview. The Neanderthals or Neandertals (/niˈændərˌθɔːlz/, /niˈændərˌtɔːlz/, /niˈændərˌtɑːlz/, /neɪˈɑːndərˌtɑːlz/ or /niˈændərθəlz/)[1] are an extinct species of the genus Homo, possibly a subspecies of Homo sapiens. They are closely related to... -
Mammoth meat was a delicacy 30,000 years ago: Gravettian people hunted the beasts for food - but fe
Scientists at the University of T�bingen made the discovery after analysing carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in human and animal fossil bones at P?edmost�, a prehistoric site in the Czech Republic. Scientists at the University of T�bingen made the discovery after analysing carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in human and animal fossil bones at P?edmost�, a prehistoric site in the Czech Republic. Scientists at the University of T�bingen made the discovery after analysing carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in human and animal fossil bones at P?edmost�, a prehistoric site in the Czech Republic. Mammoth meat was a delicacy 30,000 years ago: Gravettian people hunted the beasts for food - but fed their dogs reindeer Mammoth meat was a delicacy 30,000 years ago: Gravettian people hunted the b... -
THE ORIGIN AND HISTORY OF HUNGARIANS 1/4.
1. BC 40 000- SZELETA CULTURE, CARPATHIA 2. BC 22 000- GRAVETTIANS , CARPATHIA SUBARIANS CAUCASUS-MEZOPOTAMIA. 3. BC 8000- KŐRÖS, DANUBE AND ALFÖLD LINEAR POTTERY CULTURES 4. BC 5000- VINCA, TRYPILLIA CULTURES, CARPATHIA 5. BC 3500-KURGAN CULTURE, CARPATHIA -
Hungarian History bc 30 000 bc 3000 (turanians)
1. Glacial maximum, Carpathian Basin, Gravettians. 2. Neolitic Europe, Carpathian Basin, farmer-writer Kőrös culture 3. Subartu.Mezopotamia-Pre-Turanians -
Cro-Magnon men of Sunghir
Reconstructions of 20 to 30 thousand years old remains of the Gravettian Cro-Magnons of Sungir / Russia. We don't know which language these upper-paleolithic people spoke, but anthropologically, they formed the base of the Cro-Magnoid element in the later Finno-Ugrians. -
The oldest known portrait of a woman sculpted from mammoth ivory found in Czech Republic 26,000
Face of the 26 000-year-old woman Dolní Vestonice: Portrait Head XV Pavlovian/Gravettian. 25,000-29,000 years old This ivory portrait head could depict a man or a woman but the latter is usually assumed. The head is sculpted in the round so that the oval shape of the face is realistically curved. The hair is not indicated but an incised line marks the top of the forehead framing the face. Eye brows are carefully drawn above exceptionally detailed eyes; the nose and mouth are accurately proportioned. There are no ears but these might be covered by the hair. Dolní Vestonice, Moravia, Czech Republic. Brno Museum, Czech Republic. -
Venus of Dolní Věstonice Movie & Slideshow (Kieran Griffith)
The Venus of Dolní Věstonice (Czech: Věstonická Venuše) is a Venus figurine, a ceramic statuette of a nude female figure dated to between 29,000 and 25,000 BCE (Gravettian industry), which was found at a Paleolithic site in the Moravian basin south of Brno. The figurine was discovered on July 13, 1925 in a layer of ash, broken into two pieces. Once on display at the Moravian Museum in Brno, it is now protected and only rarely accessible to the public.
The Gravettian culture is the common ancestor of Finns and Magyars
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- Duration: 0:45
- Updated: 09 Mar 2012
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The Gravettian culture is the common ancestor of Finns and Magyars
The Gravettian culture is the common ancestor of Finns and Magyars
wn.com/The Gravettian Culture Is The Common Ancestor Of Finns And Magyars
The Gravettian culture is the common ancestor of Finns and Magyars
- published: 09 Mar 2012
- views: 1779
FINNS AND MAGYARS are NOT FROM URAL!
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- Duration: 2:25
- Updated: 09 Mar 2012
- views: 6418
THE ANCESTOR OF FINNS AND MAGYARS ARE THE GRAVETTIAN CULTURE. THIS MIGRATED TO NORTH EU AFTER ICE AGE, 10 000 YEAR AGO.
THEY HAVE runes, suffix language.
the ...
THE ANCESTOR OF FINNS AND MAGYARS ARE THE GRAVETTIAN CULTURE. THIS MIGRATED TO NORTH EU AFTER ICE AGE, 10 000 YEAR AGO.
THEY HAVE runes, suffix language.
the ancestors of magyars are stayed at home- LINEAR POTTERY BC 8000
wn.com/Finns And Magyars Are Not From Ural
Venus of Brassempouy(c.23,000 BCE)One of the earliest representations of a human face and hairstyle
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- Duration: 1:00
- Updated: 10 Jun 2014
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The Venus of Brassempouy (French: la Dame de Brassempouy, meaning "Lady of Brassempouy", or Dame à la Capuche, "Lady with the Hood") is a fragmentary ivory figu...
The Venus of Brassempouy (French: la Dame de Brassempouy, meaning "Lady of Brassempouy", or Dame à la Capuche, "Lady with the Hood") is a fragmentary ivory figurine from the Upper Palaeolithic. It was discovered in a cave at Brassempouy, France in 1892. About 25,000 years old, it is one of the earliest known realistic representations of a human face and hairstyle.
Brassempouy is a small village in the département of Landes in southwest France. Two caves near the village, 100 metres from each other, were among the first Paleolithic sites to be explored in France. They are known as the Galerie des Hyènes (Gallery of the Hyenas) and the Grotte du Pape (the "Pope's Cave"). The Venus of Brassempouy was discovered in the Pope's Cave in 1894, accompanied by at least eight other human figures. These may be an example of unfinished work, as if artist(s) carved several figurines at the same time.
P.E. Dubalen first explored the Grotte du Pape in 1881, followed by J. de Laporterie and Édouard Piette (1827--1906) from 1894 onwards. Since archaeological excavation techniques were then only starting to develop, they paid little attention to the stratigraphy of the site containing the remains. In 1892 the site was pillaged and disturbed almost beyond reconstruction by a field trip of amateurs from the Association française pour l'avancement de la science. Nevertheless, Piette described layers attributed to the late and middle Solutrean. He termed the bottom levels he reached as éburnéen (pale or white like ivory), in reference to the copious amounts of ivory works which they contained. Modern reanalysis of the site has been undertaken under the direction of Henri Delporte, 1981--2000.
In 1894, one of those strata, today recognized as Gravettian, yielded several fragments of female statuettes, including the "Lady with the Hood". Piette saw the figures as closely related to the representations of animals of the Magdalenian. He developed a hypothetical chronology that was later refuted by Henri Breuil.
Description
Front and side view of the Venus of Brassempouy.
The Venus of Brassempouy was carved from mammoth ivory. She is 3.65 cm high, 2.2 cm deep and 1.9 cm wide. Her face is triangular and seems tranquil. While forehead, nose and brows are carved in relief, the mouth is absent. A vertical crack on the right side of the face is linked to the internal structure of the ivory. On the head is a checkerboard-like pattern formed by two series of shallow incisions at right angles to each other; it has been interpreted as a wig, a hood, or simply a representation of hair.
Randall White observed in the Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory (December 2006), "The figurines emerged from the ground into a colonial intellectual and socio-political context nearly obsessed with matters of race." Although the style of representation is essentially realistic, the proportions of the head do not correspond exactly to any known human population of the present or past. Since the mid-twentieth century, interpretative questions have shifted from race to matters concerning womanhood and fertility, White has noted.
Date
Although the head was discovered so early that its context could not be studied thoroughly, scholars agree that the Venus of Brassempouy belonged to an Upper Palaeolithic material culture, the Gravettian (29,000--22,000 BP). More precisely, they place the figurine in the Middle Gravettian, with "Noailles" burins circa 26,000 to 24,000 BP. She is more or less contemporary with the other Palaeolithic Venus figurines, such as those of Lespugue, Dolní Vestonice, Willendorf, etc. Nonetheless, she is distinguished among the group by the realistic character of the representation.
The Upper Paleolithic Venus of Brassempouy is a surviving fragment of an ivory carving (broken in Antiquity) which was unearthed in 1892 at Brassempouy, in the department of Landes in southwest France in 1892. Dated to about 23,000 years BCE, this unique prehistoric sculpture is one of very few detailed representations of a human face, from the Stone Age era, and possibly the earliest known. It belongs to the European tradition of miniature "Venus Figurines" as exemplified by the German Venus of Hohle Fels (35,000-40,000 BCE), the Russian ivory carving known as the Venus of Kostenky (c.30,000 BCE), and the famous Austrian Venus of Willendorf (c.25,000 BCE).
wn.com/Venus Of Brassempouy(C.23,000 Bce)One Of The Earliest Representations Of A Human Face And Hairstyle
The Venus of Brassempouy (French: la Dame de Brassempouy, meaning "Lady of Brassempouy", or Dame à la Capuche, "Lady with the Hood") is a fragmentary ivory figurine from the Upper Palaeolithic. It was discovered in a cave at Brassempouy, France in 1892. About 25,000 years old, it is one of the earliest known realistic representations of a human face and hairstyle.
Brassempouy is a small village in the département of Landes in southwest France. Two caves near the village, 100 metres from each other, were among the first Paleolithic sites to be explored in France. They are known as the Galerie des Hyènes (Gallery of the Hyenas) and the Grotte du Pape (the "Pope's Cave"). The Venus of Brassempouy was discovered in the Pope's Cave in 1894, accompanied by at least eight other human figures. These may be an example of unfinished work, as if artist(s) carved several figurines at the same time.
P.E. Dubalen first explored the Grotte du Pape in 1881, followed by J. de Laporterie and Édouard Piette (1827--1906) from 1894 onwards. Since archaeological excavation techniques were then only starting to develop, they paid little attention to the stratigraphy of the site containing the remains. In 1892 the site was pillaged and disturbed almost beyond reconstruction by a field trip of amateurs from the Association française pour l'avancement de la science. Nevertheless, Piette described layers attributed to the late and middle Solutrean. He termed the bottom levels he reached as éburnéen (pale or white like ivory), in reference to the copious amounts of ivory works which they contained. Modern reanalysis of the site has been undertaken under the direction of Henri Delporte, 1981--2000.
In 1894, one of those strata, today recognized as Gravettian, yielded several fragments of female statuettes, including the "Lady with the Hood". Piette saw the figures as closely related to the representations of animals of the Magdalenian. He developed a hypothetical chronology that was later refuted by Henri Breuil.
Description
Front and side view of the Venus of Brassempouy.
The Venus of Brassempouy was carved from mammoth ivory. She is 3.65 cm high, 2.2 cm deep and 1.9 cm wide. Her face is triangular and seems tranquil. While forehead, nose and brows are carved in relief, the mouth is absent. A vertical crack on the right side of the face is linked to the internal structure of the ivory. On the head is a checkerboard-like pattern formed by two series of shallow incisions at right angles to each other; it has been interpreted as a wig, a hood, or simply a representation of hair.
Randall White observed in the Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory (December 2006), "The figurines emerged from the ground into a colonial intellectual and socio-political context nearly obsessed with matters of race." Although the style of representation is essentially realistic, the proportions of the head do not correspond exactly to any known human population of the present or past. Since the mid-twentieth century, interpretative questions have shifted from race to matters concerning womanhood and fertility, White has noted.
Date
Although the head was discovered so early that its context could not be studied thoroughly, scholars agree that the Venus of Brassempouy belonged to an Upper Palaeolithic material culture, the Gravettian (29,000--22,000 BP). More precisely, they place the figurine in the Middle Gravettian, with "Noailles" burins circa 26,000 to 24,000 BP. She is more or less contemporary with the other Palaeolithic Venus figurines, such as those of Lespugue, Dolní Vestonice, Willendorf, etc. Nonetheless, she is distinguished among the group by the realistic character of the representation.
The Upper Paleolithic Venus of Brassempouy is a surviving fragment of an ivory carving (broken in Antiquity) which was unearthed in 1892 at Brassempouy, in the department of Landes in southwest France in 1892. Dated to about 23,000 years BCE, this unique prehistoric sculpture is one of very few detailed representations of a human face, from the Stone Age era, and possibly the earliest known. It belongs to the European tradition of miniature "Venus Figurines" as exemplified by the German Venus of Hohle Fels (35,000-40,000 BCE), the Russian ivory carving known as the Venus of Kostenky (c.30,000 BCE), and the famous Austrian Venus of Willendorf (c.25,000 BCE).
- published: 10 Jun 2014
- views: 2668
European men descend from 10 genetic forefathers
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- Duration: 7:42
- Updated: 08 May 2015
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http://vinesbranch.net/index.php?p=1_4_10-LOST-TRIBES-have-been-found-AND-WE-KNOW-WHEN-YOU-WILL-BE-REUNITED
WASHINGTON, Nov 10 (Reuters) - Virtually all Europe...
http://vinesbranch.net/index.php?p=1_4_10-LOST-TRIBES-have-been-found-AND-WE-KNOW-WHEN-YOU-WILL-BE-REUNITED
WASHINGTON, Nov 10 (Reuters) - Virtually all European men descend from 10 genetic forefathers who lived tens of thousands of years ago in various parts of the continent, researchers reported on Friday. They all seem to have been descended from men who moved to Europe from the Ural mountains of Central Asia and the Middle East in three successive waves, the international team of genetic researchers reports in the journal Science. The researchers, led by Dr. Ornella Semino of Pavia University in Italy, studied the Y chromosomes of 1,007 men across Europe and the Middle East. Only men have Y chromosomes and they are passed down virtually unchanged from father to son. Mutations in the Y chromosome can be used as a kind of molecular clock, and the researchers found that 95 per cent of the men"s genes could be traced to one of 10 categories. "Ten lineages account for about 95 percent of the 1,007 European Y chromosomes studied," the researchers wrote in their report, published in the journal Science. The genes match up nicely to what experts know about European society. "It is possible to see three clusters of distinct geography and culture," the researchers wrote. "The first comprises Basques and Western Europeans, the second Middle Eastern and the third Eastern European populations from Croatia, Ukraine, Hungary and Poland." Although Basques in Spain, Sardinians in Italy and Saami people in Finland have distinct cultures, their genes look like those of other Europeans, the researchers said. The oldest male lineage they found dates back to the Old Stone Age or Paleolithic period, which ended 15,000 years ago. It is characterized by a genetic variation or mutation called M173 and is found in half the men they looked at. There are two subtypes that share M173, called Eu18 and Eu19, the researchers said. "The frequency of Eu18 decreases from west to east, being most frequent in Basques," they wrote. "In contrast, haplotype Eu19, which is derived from the M173 lineage and is distinguished by M17, is virtually absent in Western Europe," they added. "Its frequency increases eastward and reaches a maximum in Poland, Hungary and Ukraine." These people first showed up in the archeological record as the Aurignacian people, who were known for their rock art and fine tools. Some of the genes also show up in Native American and Siberian people. "This observation suggests that M173 is an ancient Eurasiatic marker that was brought in or arose in the group of Homo sapiens sapiens (modern humans) who entered Europe and diffused from east to west about 40,000 to 35,000 years ago, spreading the Aurignac culture," the researchers wrote. "This culture appeared almost simultaneously in Siberia, from which some groups eventually migrated to the Americas." GROUPS BECAME ISOLATED IN ICE AGE Some of the genetic variations tie in with theories that groups became isolated during the last Ice Age, which ended 13,000 years ago, the researchers said. Another marker, called M170, dates to about 22,000 years ago, the researchers said, and is associated with the Gravettian culture. This group was known for its Venus figurines, shell jewelry and for using mammoth bones to build homes. The third group -- about 20 percent of the men -- seem to date from more recent times, having come into Europe between 15,000 and 20,000 years ago, the researchers said. These men were probably the first Neolithic farmers who migrated from the Fertile Crescent in the Middle East and, as might be expected, their genes are found most frequently along the Mediterranean, the researchers said.
wn.com/European Men Descend From 10 Genetic Forefathers
http://vinesbranch.net/index.php?p=1_4_10-LOST-TRIBES-have-been-found-AND-WE-KNOW-WHEN-YOU-WILL-BE-REUNITED
WASHINGTON, Nov 10 (Reuters) - Virtually all European men descend from 10 genetic forefathers who lived tens of thousands of years ago in various parts of the continent, researchers reported on Friday. They all seem to have been descended from men who moved to Europe from the Ural mountains of Central Asia and the Middle East in three successive waves, the international team of genetic researchers reports in the journal Science. The researchers, led by Dr. Ornella Semino of Pavia University in Italy, studied the Y chromosomes of 1,007 men across Europe and the Middle East. Only men have Y chromosomes and they are passed down virtually unchanged from father to son. Mutations in the Y chromosome can be used as a kind of molecular clock, and the researchers found that 95 per cent of the men"s genes could be traced to one of 10 categories. "Ten lineages account for about 95 percent of the 1,007 European Y chromosomes studied," the researchers wrote in their report, published in the journal Science. The genes match up nicely to what experts know about European society. "It is possible to see three clusters of distinct geography and culture," the researchers wrote. "The first comprises Basques and Western Europeans, the second Middle Eastern and the third Eastern European populations from Croatia, Ukraine, Hungary and Poland." Although Basques in Spain, Sardinians in Italy and Saami people in Finland have distinct cultures, their genes look like those of other Europeans, the researchers said. The oldest male lineage they found dates back to the Old Stone Age or Paleolithic period, which ended 15,000 years ago. It is characterized by a genetic variation or mutation called M173 and is found in half the men they looked at. There are two subtypes that share M173, called Eu18 and Eu19, the researchers said. "The frequency of Eu18 decreases from west to east, being most frequent in Basques," they wrote. "In contrast, haplotype Eu19, which is derived from the M173 lineage and is distinguished by M17, is virtually absent in Western Europe," they added. "Its frequency increases eastward and reaches a maximum in Poland, Hungary and Ukraine." These people first showed up in the archeological record as the Aurignacian people, who were known for their rock art and fine tools. Some of the genes also show up in Native American and Siberian people. "This observation suggests that M173 is an ancient Eurasiatic marker that was brought in or arose in the group of Homo sapiens sapiens (modern humans) who entered Europe and diffused from east to west about 40,000 to 35,000 years ago, spreading the Aurignac culture," the researchers wrote. "This culture appeared almost simultaneously in Siberia, from which some groups eventually migrated to the Americas." GROUPS BECAME ISOLATED IN ICE AGE Some of the genetic variations tie in with theories that groups became isolated during the last Ice Age, which ended 13,000 years ago, the researchers said. Another marker, called M170, dates to about 22,000 years ago, the researchers said, and is associated with the Gravettian culture. This group was known for its Venus figurines, shell jewelry and for using mammoth bones to build homes. The third group -- about 20 percent of the men -- seem to date from more recent times, having come into Europe between 15,000 and 20,000 years ago, the researchers said. These men were probably the first Neolithic farmers who migrated from the Fertile Crescent in the Middle East and, as might be expected, their genes are found most frequently along the Mediterranean, the researchers said.
- published: 08 May 2015
- views: 177
Traditional pot making technique from India
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:28
- Updated: 08 Jul 2014
- views: 3126
A man makes clay pot using traditional techniques, various items like clay pots, mini masterpieces in the shape of elephants and many more...
Pottery is the c...
A man makes clay pot using traditional techniques, various items like clay pots, mini masterpieces in the shape of elephants and many more...
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares, of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.
The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products." Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.
Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC, and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP. Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC), the Russian Far East (14,000 BC), Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.
Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
Source :- Wikipedia
This footage is part of the professionally-shot broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The Wilderness Films India collection comprises of 50, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on HDCAM / SR 1080i High Definition, Alexa, SR, HDV and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world...
Please subscribe to our channel wildfilmsindia on Youtube for a steady stream of videos from across India. Also, visit and enjoy your journey across India at www.clipahoy.com , India's first video-based social networking experience!
Reach us at rupindang @ gmail . com and admin@wildfilmsindia.com
wn.com/Traditional Pot Making Technique From India
A man makes clay pot using traditional techniques, various items like clay pots, mini masterpieces in the shape of elephants and many more...
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares, of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.
The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products." Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.
Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC, and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP. Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC), the Russian Far East (14,000 BC), Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.
Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
Source :- Wikipedia
This footage is part of the professionally-shot broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The Wilderness Films India collection comprises of 50, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on HDCAM / SR 1080i High Definition, Alexa, SR, HDV and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world...
Please subscribe to our channel wildfilmsindia on Youtube for a steady stream of videos from across India. Also, visit and enjoy your journey across India at www.clipahoy.com , India's first video-based social networking experience!
Reach us at rupindang @ gmail . com and admin@wildfilmsindia.com
- published: 08 Jul 2014
- views: 3126
Pottery making in Nepal
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:17
- Updated: 11 Aug 2014
- views: 300
The art of traditional clay pottery in Nepal.
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares, of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porce...
The art of traditional clay pottery in Nepal.
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares, of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.
The definition of pottery used by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.
Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000–25,000 BC, and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP. Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC), Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.
Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
Source :- Wikipedia
This footage is part of the professionally-shot broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The Wilderness Films India collection comprises of 50, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on HDCAM / SR 1080i High Definition, Alexa, SR, HDV and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world...
Please subscribe to our channel wildfilmsindia on Youtube for a steady stream of videos from across India. Also, visit and enjoy your journey across India at www.clipahoy.com , India's first video-based social networking experience!
Reach us at rupindang @ gmail . com and admin@wildfilmsindia.com
wn.com/Pottery Making In Nepal
The art of traditional clay pottery in Nepal.
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares, of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.
The definition of pottery used by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.
Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000–25,000 BC, and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP. Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC), Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.
Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
Source :- Wikipedia
This footage is part of the professionally-shot broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The Wilderness Films India collection comprises of 50, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on HDCAM / SR 1080i High Definition, Alexa, SR, HDV and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world...
Please subscribe to our channel wildfilmsindia on Youtube for a steady stream of videos from across India. Also, visit and enjoy your journey across India at www.clipahoy.com , India's first video-based social networking experience!
Reach us at rupindang @ gmail . com and admin@wildfilmsindia.com
- published: 11 Aug 2014
- views: 300
HUNGARIAN PAST- PART 1. UGRO-FINNIA BC 30 000 (ságvár-sungir gravettians)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:43
- Updated: 26 Mar 2011
- views: 1959
THE UGRO-FINNIANS WERE NATIVE -EUROPEAN GRAVETTIANS AND NOT ASIAN OR SIBERIAN MONGOLOIDS!
THE SUNGIR CULTURE IS 28 000 YEAR OLD,NEAR TO MOSCOW, RUSSIA!
THIS Y...
THE UGRO-FINNIANS WERE NATIVE -EUROPEAN GRAVETTIANS AND NOT ASIAN OR SIBERIAN MONGOLOIDS!
THE SUNGIR CULTURE IS 28 000 YEAR OLD,NEAR TO MOSCOW, RUSSIA!
THIS Y-DNA R1A1 IN TODAY SCYTHO-SARMATIAN-HUNNIC AND SLAVIC SPEAKER POPULATIONS!
IN EUROPE, INDIA, SUBARTU, ALTAI MOUNTAINS AND SIBERIA.
wn.com/Hungarian Past Part 1. Ugro Finnia Bc 30 000 (Ságvár Sungir Gravettians)
THE UGRO-FINNIANS WERE NATIVE -EUROPEAN GRAVETTIANS AND NOT ASIAN OR SIBERIAN MONGOLOIDS!
THE SUNGIR CULTURE IS 28 000 YEAR OLD,NEAR TO MOSCOW, RUSSIA!
THIS Y-DNA R1A1 IN TODAY SCYTHO-SARMATIAN-HUNNIC AND SLAVIC SPEAKER POPULATIONS!
IN EUROPE, INDIA, SUBARTU, ALTAI MOUNTAINS AND SIBERIA.
- published: 26 Mar 2011
- views: 1959
Ancient pestle shows Paleolithic people ground oats for food
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:31
- Updated: 08 Sep 2015
- views: 68
A team of researchers from a variety of institutions in Italy has found evidence of oat grinding by Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherers—a stone pestle with bits ...
A team of researchers from a variety of institutions in Italy has found evidence of oat grinding by Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherers—a stone pestle with bits of grain still intact. In their paper published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the team describes the stone relic and their study of it and offers some theories on why they believe the early people were grinding grains.
In what the researchers describe as the earliest known example of the consumption of oats, the pestle, which was found in Grotta Paglicci (a cave first discovered in the 1950's) in Southern Italy, represents an attempt by early Europeans to make oat grain more palatable. A closer look at the grain remains on the pestle revealed that they had been heated prior to grinding, a sign of an attempt to dry it before processing, just as is done today. The resulting powder, a type of flour, the group notes, was then likely used to make a type of porridge or perhaps as the main ingredient in a baked bread.
The relics at the Grotta site have been dated back to approximately 32,000 years ago and were left by a people known as the Gravettian culture—hunter-gathers that also left behind paintings on cave walls, other works of art, evidence of technology and an elaborate burial system. Heating grains before processing would have made sense, the team notes as the climate was much colder and wetter during that period. They also note that grinding oats into flour would have made it easier to carry as people moved to new locations in search of food and to store it over a long cold winter.
http://phys.org/news/2015-09-ancient-pestle-paleolithic-people-ground.html
wn.com/Ancient Pestle Shows Paleolithic People Ground Oats For Food
A team of researchers from a variety of institutions in Italy has found evidence of oat grinding by Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherers—a stone pestle with bits of grain still intact. In their paper published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the team describes the stone relic and their study of it and offers some theories on why they believe the early people were grinding grains.
In what the researchers describe as the earliest known example of the consumption of oats, the pestle, which was found in Grotta Paglicci (a cave first discovered in the 1950's) in Southern Italy, represents an attempt by early Europeans to make oat grain more palatable. A closer look at the grain remains on the pestle revealed that they had been heated prior to grinding, a sign of an attempt to dry it before processing, just as is done today. The resulting powder, a type of flour, the group notes, was then likely used to make a type of porridge or perhaps as the main ingredient in a baked bread.
The relics at the Grotta site have been dated back to approximately 32,000 years ago and were left by a people known as the Gravettian culture—hunter-gathers that also left behind paintings on cave walls, other works of art, evidence of technology and an elaborate burial system. Heating grains before processing would have made sense, the team notes as the climate was much colder and wetter during that period. They also note that grinding oats into flour would have made it easier to carry as people moved to new locations in search of food and to store it over a long cold winter.
http://phys.org/news/2015-09-ancient-pestle-paleolithic-people-ground.html
- published: 08 Sep 2015
- views: 68
From Gravettian to Graffiti: Undergraduate Archaeology at Durham University
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:59
- Updated: 25 Jan 2016
- views: 264
For more information about BA Archaeology at Durham University:
https://www.dur.ac.uk/courses/info/?id=8394&title;=Archaeology&code;=F400&type;=BA&year;=2016
For more information about BA Archaeology at Durham University:
https://www.dur.ac.uk/courses/info/?id=8394&title;=Archaeology&code;=F400&type;=BA&year;=2016
wn.com/From Gravettian To Graffiti Undergraduate Archaeology At Durham University
For more information about BA Archaeology at Durham University:
https://www.dur.ac.uk/courses/info/?id=8394&title;=Archaeology&code;=F400&type;=BA&year;=2016
- published: 25 Jan 2016
- views: 264
A Potter Kumhar Making a Pot Ghada with Clay Mud
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:25
- Updated: 30 Jun 2014
- views: 765
Pottery
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Pot" and "Pots" redirect here. For other uses of "pot", see Pot (disambiguation). For other uses of "pots", see P...
Pottery
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Pot" and "Pots" redirect here. For other uses of "pot", see Pot (disambiguation). For other uses of "pots", see POTS.
A potter at work in Jaura, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Unfired "green ware" pottery on a traditional drying rack at Conner Prairie living history museum
Traditional Pottery workshop reconstruction in the Museum of traditional crafts and applied arts, Troyan, Bulgaria
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3]
The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.[5]
Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC,[6] and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP.[7] Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC),[9] Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.
Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
Physical stages of clay[edit]
Tajine potter, making tajines
Clay ware takes on varying physical characteristics during the making of pottery.
Greenware refers to unfired objects. At sufficient moisture content, bodies at this stage are in their most plastic form: they are soft and malleable, and hence can be easily deformed by handling.
Leather-hard refers to a clay body that has been dried partially. At this stage the clay object has approximately 15% moisture content. Clay bodies at this stage are very firm and only slightly pliable. Trimming and handle attachment often occurs at the leather-hard state.
Bone-dry refers to clay bodies when they reach a moisture content at or near 0%. It is now ready to be bisque fired.
Bisque [10][11] refers to the clay after the object is shaped to the desired form and fired in the kiln for the first time, known as "bisque fired" or "biscuit fired". This firing changes the clay body in several ways. Mineral components of the clay body will undergo chemical changes that will change the colour of the clay.
Glaze fired is the final stage of some pottery making. A glaze may be applied to the bisque form and the object can be decorated in several ways. After this the object is "glazed fired", which causes the glaze material to melt, then adhere to the object. The glaze firing will also harden the body still more as chemical processes can continue to occur in the body.
In art history, ceramics and ceramic art mean art objects such as figures, tiles, and tableware made from clay and other raw materials by the process of pottery. Some ceramic products are regarded as fine art, while others are regarded as decorative, industrial or applied art objects, or as artifacts in archaeology. They may be made by one individual or in a factory where a group of people design, make and decorate the ware. Decorative ceramics are sometimes called "art pottery".[1]
The word "ceramics" comes from the Greek keramikos (κεραμικος), meaning "pottery", which in turn comes from keramos (κεραμος), meaning "potter's clay."[2] Most traditional ceramic products were made from clay (or clay mixed with other materials), shaped and subjected to heat, and tableware and decorative ceramics are generally still made this way. In modern ceramic engineering usage, ceramics is the art and science of making objects from inorganic, non-metallic materials by the action of heat. It excludes glass and mosaic made from glass tesserae.
wn.com/A Potter Kumhar Making A Pot Ghada With Clay Mud
Pottery
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Pot" and "Pots" redirect here. For other uses of "pot", see Pot (disambiguation). For other uses of "pots", see POTS.
A potter at work in Jaura, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Unfired "green ware" pottery on a traditional drying rack at Conner Prairie living history museum
Traditional Pottery workshop reconstruction in the Museum of traditional crafts and applied arts, Troyan, Bulgaria
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3]
The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.[5]
Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC,[6] and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP.[7] Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC),[9] Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.
Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
Physical stages of clay[edit]
Tajine potter, making tajines
Clay ware takes on varying physical characteristics during the making of pottery.
Greenware refers to unfired objects. At sufficient moisture content, bodies at this stage are in their most plastic form: they are soft and malleable, and hence can be easily deformed by handling.
Leather-hard refers to a clay body that has been dried partially. At this stage the clay object has approximately 15% moisture content. Clay bodies at this stage are very firm and only slightly pliable. Trimming and handle attachment often occurs at the leather-hard state.
Bone-dry refers to clay bodies when they reach a moisture content at or near 0%. It is now ready to be bisque fired.
Bisque [10][11] refers to the clay after the object is shaped to the desired form and fired in the kiln for the first time, known as "bisque fired" or "biscuit fired". This firing changes the clay body in several ways. Mineral components of the clay body will undergo chemical changes that will change the colour of the clay.
Glaze fired is the final stage of some pottery making. A glaze may be applied to the bisque form and the object can be decorated in several ways. After this the object is "glazed fired", which causes the glaze material to melt, then adhere to the object. The glaze firing will also harden the body still more as chemical processes can continue to occur in the body.
In art history, ceramics and ceramic art mean art objects such as figures, tiles, and tableware made from clay and other raw materials by the process of pottery. Some ceramic products are regarded as fine art, while others are regarded as decorative, industrial or applied art objects, or as artifacts in archaeology. They may be made by one individual or in a factory where a group of people design, make and decorate the ware. Decorative ceramics are sometimes called "art pottery".[1]
The word "ceramics" comes from the Greek keramikos (κεραμικος), meaning "pottery", which in turn comes from keramos (κεραμος), meaning "potter's clay."[2] Most traditional ceramic products were made from clay (or clay mixed with other materials), shaped and subjected to heat, and tableware and decorative ceramics are generally still made this way. In modern ceramic engineering usage, ceramics is the art and science of making objects from inorganic, non-metallic materials by the action of heat. It excludes glass and mosaic made from glass tesserae.
- published: 30 Jun 2014
- views: 765
A Potter Kumhar Making a Pot Ghada with Clay Mud
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:53
- Updated: 30 Jun 2014
- views: 2113
Pottery
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Pot" and "Pots" redirect here. For other uses of "pot", see Pot (disambiguation). For other uses of "pots", see P...
Pottery
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Pot" and "Pots" redirect here. For other uses of "pot", see Pot (disambiguation). For other uses of "pots", see POTS.
A potter at work in Jaura, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Unfired "green ware" pottery on a traditional drying rack at Conner Prairie living history museum
Traditional Pottery workshop reconstruction in the Museum of traditional crafts and applied arts, Troyan, Bulgaria
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3]
The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.[5]
Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC,[6] and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP.[7] Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC),[9] Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.
Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
Physical stages of clay[edit]
Tajine potter, making tajines
Clay ware takes on varying physical characteristics during the making of pottery.
Greenware refers to unfired objects. At sufficient moisture content, bodies at this stage are in their most plastic form: they are soft and malleable, and hence can be easily deformed by handling.
Leather-hard refers to a clay body that has been dried partially. At this stage the clay object has approximately 15% moisture content. Clay bodies at this stage are very firm and only slightly pliable. Trimming and handle attachment often occurs at the leather-hard state.
Bone-dry refers to clay bodies when they reach a moisture content at or near 0%. It is now ready to be bisque fired.
Bisque [10][11] refers to the clay after the object is shaped to the desired form and fired in the kiln for the first time, known as "bisque fired" or "biscuit fired". This firing changes the clay body in several ways. Mineral components of the clay body will undergo chemical changes that will change the colour of the clay.
Glaze fired is the final stage of some pottery making. A glaze may be applied to the bisque form and the object can be decorated in several ways. After this the object is "glazed fired", which causes the glaze material to melt, then adhere to the object. The glaze firing will also harden the body still more as chemical processes can continue to occur in the body.
In art history, ceramics and ceramic art mean art objects such as figures, tiles, and tableware made from clay and other raw materials by the process of pottery. Some ceramic products are regarded as fine art, while others are regarded as decorative, industrial or applied art objects, or as artifacts in archaeology. They may be made by one individual or in a factory where a group of people design, make and decorate the ware. Decorative ceramics are sometimes called "art pottery".[1]
The word "ceramics" comes from the Greek keramikos (κεραμικος), meaning "pottery", which in turn comes from keramos (κεραμος), meaning "potter's clay."[2] Most traditional ceramic products were made from clay (or clay mixed with other materials), shaped and subjected to heat, and tableware and decorative ceramics are generally still made this way. In modern ceramic engineering usage, ceramics is the art and science of making objects from inorganic, non-metallic materials by the action of heat. It excludes glass and mosaic made from glass tesserae.
wn.com/A Potter Kumhar Making A Pot Ghada With Clay Mud
Pottery
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Pot" and "Pots" redirect here. For other uses of "pot", see Pot (disambiguation). For other uses of "pots", see POTS.
A potter at work in Jaura, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Unfired "green ware" pottery on a traditional drying rack at Conner Prairie living history museum
Traditional Pottery workshop reconstruction in the Museum of traditional crafts and applied arts, Troyan, Bulgaria
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3]
The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.[5]
Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC,[6] and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP.[7] Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC),[9] Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.
Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
Physical stages of clay[edit]
Tajine potter, making tajines
Clay ware takes on varying physical characteristics during the making of pottery.
Greenware refers to unfired objects. At sufficient moisture content, bodies at this stage are in their most plastic form: they are soft and malleable, and hence can be easily deformed by handling.
Leather-hard refers to a clay body that has been dried partially. At this stage the clay object has approximately 15% moisture content. Clay bodies at this stage are very firm and only slightly pliable. Trimming and handle attachment often occurs at the leather-hard state.
Bone-dry refers to clay bodies when they reach a moisture content at or near 0%. It is now ready to be bisque fired.
Bisque [10][11] refers to the clay after the object is shaped to the desired form and fired in the kiln for the first time, known as "bisque fired" or "biscuit fired". This firing changes the clay body in several ways. Mineral components of the clay body will undergo chemical changes that will change the colour of the clay.
Glaze fired is the final stage of some pottery making. A glaze may be applied to the bisque form and the object can be decorated in several ways. After this the object is "glazed fired", which causes the glaze material to melt, then adhere to the object. The glaze firing will also harden the body still more as chemical processes can continue to occur in the body.
In art history, ceramics and ceramic art mean art objects such as figures, tiles, and tableware made from clay and other raw materials by the process of pottery. Some ceramic products are regarded as fine art, while others are regarded as decorative, industrial or applied art objects, or as artifacts in archaeology. They may be made by one individual or in a factory where a group of people design, make and decorate the ware. Decorative ceramics are sometimes called "art pottery".[1]
The word "ceramics" comes from the Greek keramikos (κεραμικος), meaning "pottery", which in turn comes from keramos (κεραμος), meaning "potter's clay."[2] Most traditional ceramic products were made from clay (or clay mixed with other materials), shaped and subjected to heat, and tableware and decorative ceramics are generally still made this way. In modern ceramic engineering usage, ceramics is the art and science of making objects from inorganic, non-metallic materials by the action of heat. It excludes glass and mosaic made from glass tesserae.
- published: 30 Jun 2014
- views: 2113
Origin of Ceramic Technology: Ice Age Bear Sculpture 25,000-29,000 years old Czech Republic
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:19
- Updated: 12 Nov 2014
- views: 788
Venus Figurine and the Origin of Ceramic Technology. The oldest pottery discovered.
The earliest ceramics made by humans were pottery objects, including 27,000...
Venus Figurine and the Origin of Ceramic Technology. The oldest pottery discovered.
The earliest ceramics made by humans were pottery objects, including 27,000 year old figurines, made from clay, In our modern world of metal technology and artificial plastics it’s easy to forget the importance of ceramics. However, there was a time when pottery was the only way to make vessels for cooking food or storing it. Doing so would’ve opened up a raft of new options for prehistoric people, such as using advanced cooking techniques to make previously inedible resources palatable. Alternatively by storing food they could’ve made lean times less harsh enabling larger populations or making previously inhospitable locations habitable.
The Dolni Vestonice ceramic figurine
However ceramics weren’t always utilised for such utilitarian purposes. The first instances of this technology come from a set of European sites (Dolni Vestonice, Pavlov and Piredmosti) which were inhabited by people 28-24,000 years BP. These individuals produced the Gravettian industry which included the famous Venus figurines. One such figurine, made from ceramics, is the earliest example of the technology we have. Ice Age European pottery suggests that this is an independent invention and not the result of refining the methods which produced the famous “bangers” at Dolni Vestonice.
Dolni Vestonice was once a thriving camp inhabited during the Palaeolithic period approximately 30,000 years ago. Today it is a prominent archaeological site located near the modern City of Brno in the Czech Republic.
Dolni Vestonice is famous for the rich deposit of archaeological evidence, providing us with an insight into a culture of Ice-Age people in central Europe. It shows how people constructed their huts of mammoth bones, the technology they used, as well as burial practices and the making of art – some of the earliest examples of symbolic representation.
The site includes the remnants of several huts, one of which has the remains of one of the earliest kilns ever discovered. The kiln, used for baking clay objects, is remarkable for that time. It wasn’t for another 15,000 years that people in faraway Japan would shape clay and turn it into ceramic pots – the first containers made out of clay.
The kiln at Dolni Vestonice had glowing coals that were covered by a dome made of earth. The floor of the hut around the kiln was covered with hundreds of ceramic figurines and their fragments, depicting humans and numerous animals. These are the first examples of ceramic artefacts ever found and they date to between 28,000 and 24,000 years ago.
One of the most striking and almost complete figurines became known as the Venus of Dolni Vestonice. It is 11cm high and depicts a voluptuous nude female figure – it is thought to be a symbol of fertility or possibly an idol or ‘goddess’. This Venus found a prominent place in textbooks and coffee-table books and also in popular imagination – showing how our distant ancestors reflected on themselves through pictorial representation and how they invented the art, as we know it.
Other stylised female figurines have also been found at the site, some more lifelike than others, several carved in animal bone or ivory. Many animal clay figurines are quite naturalistic and depict large Ice Age animals including mammoth, rhinoceros, bear and lion.
wn.com/Origin Of Ceramic Technology Ice Age Bear Sculpture 25,000 29,000 Years Old Czech Republic
Venus Figurine and the Origin of Ceramic Technology. The oldest pottery discovered.
The earliest ceramics made by humans were pottery objects, including 27,000 year old figurines, made from clay, In our modern world of metal technology and artificial plastics it’s easy to forget the importance of ceramics. However, there was a time when pottery was the only way to make vessels for cooking food or storing it. Doing so would’ve opened up a raft of new options for prehistoric people, such as using advanced cooking techniques to make previously inedible resources palatable. Alternatively by storing food they could’ve made lean times less harsh enabling larger populations or making previously inhospitable locations habitable.
The Dolni Vestonice ceramic figurine
However ceramics weren’t always utilised for such utilitarian purposes. The first instances of this technology come from a set of European sites (Dolni Vestonice, Pavlov and Piredmosti) which were inhabited by people 28-24,000 years BP. These individuals produced the Gravettian industry which included the famous Venus figurines. One such figurine, made from ceramics, is the earliest example of the technology we have. Ice Age European pottery suggests that this is an independent invention and not the result of refining the methods which produced the famous “bangers” at Dolni Vestonice.
Dolni Vestonice was once a thriving camp inhabited during the Palaeolithic period approximately 30,000 years ago. Today it is a prominent archaeological site located near the modern City of Brno in the Czech Republic.
Dolni Vestonice is famous for the rich deposit of archaeological evidence, providing us with an insight into a culture of Ice-Age people in central Europe. It shows how people constructed their huts of mammoth bones, the technology they used, as well as burial practices and the making of art – some of the earliest examples of symbolic representation.
The site includes the remnants of several huts, one of which has the remains of one of the earliest kilns ever discovered. The kiln, used for baking clay objects, is remarkable for that time. It wasn’t for another 15,000 years that people in faraway Japan would shape clay and turn it into ceramic pots – the first containers made out of clay.
The kiln at Dolni Vestonice had glowing coals that were covered by a dome made of earth. The floor of the hut around the kiln was covered with hundreds of ceramic figurines and their fragments, depicting humans and numerous animals. These are the first examples of ceramic artefacts ever found and they date to between 28,000 and 24,000 years ago.
One of the most striking and almost complete figurines became known as the Venus of Dolni Vestonice. It is 11cm high and depicts a voluptuous nude female figure – it is thought to be a symbol of fertility or possibly an idol or ‘goddess’. This Venus found a prominent place in textbooks and coffee-table books and also in popular imagination – showing how our distant ancestors reflected on themselves through pictorial representation and how they invented the art, as we know it.
Other stylised female figurines have also been found at the site, some more lifelike than others, several carved in animal bone or ivory. Many animal clay figurines are quite naturalistic and depict large Ice Age animals including mammoth, rhinoceros, bear and lion.
- published: 12 Nov 2014
- views: 788
Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 17:07
- Updated: 14 Jul 2014
- views: 142
Painting Drawing Rangoli Music Pottering Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery...
Painting Drawing Rangoli Music Pottering Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3]
The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.[5]
Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC,[6] and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP.[7] Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC),[9] Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.
Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
Art is a diverse range of human activities and the products of those activities; this article focuses primarily on the visual arts, which includes the creation of images or objects in fields including painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, and other visual media. Architecture is often included as one of the visual arts; however, like the decorative arts, it involves the creation of objects where the practical considerations of use are essential—in a way that they usually are not in a painting, for example. Music, theatre, film, dance, and other performing arts, as well as literature and other media such as interactive media, are included in a broader definition of art or the arts.[1] Until the 17th century, art referred to any skill or mastery and was not differentiated from crafts or sciences. In modern usage after the 17th century, where aesthetic considerations are paramount, the fine arts are separated and distinguished from acquired skills in general, such as the decorative or applied arts.
Art may be characterized in terms of mimesis (its representation of reality), expression, communication of emotion, or other qualities. During the Romantic period, art came to be seen as "a special faculty of the human mind to be classified with religion and science".[2] Though the definition of what constitutes art is disputed[3][4][5] and has changed over time, general descriptions mention an idea of imaginative or technical skill stemming from human agency[6] and creation.[7]
The nature of art, and related concepts such as creativity and interpretation, are explored in a branch of philosophy known as aesthetics.[8]
wn.com/Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar In Bilapsur By Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Painting Drawing Rangoli Music Pottering Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3]
The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.[5]
Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC,[6] and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP.[7] Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC),[9] Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.
Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
Art is a diverse range of human activities and the products of those activities; this article focuses primarily on the visual arts, which includes the creation of images or objects in fields including painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, and other visual media. Architecture is often included as one of the visual arts; however, like the decorative arts, it involves the creation of objects where the practical considerations of use are essential—in a way that they usually are not in a painting, for example. Music, theatre, film, dance, and other performing arts, as well as literature and other media such as interactive media, are included in a broader definition of art or the arts.[1] Until the 17th century, art referred to any skill or mastery and was not differentiated from crafts or sciences. In modern usage after the 17th century, where aesthetic considerations are paramount, the fine arts are separated and distinguished from acquired skills in general, such as the decorative or applied arts.
Art may be characterized in terms of mimesis (its representation of reality), expression, communication of emotion, or other qualities. During the Romantic period, art came to be seen as "a special faculty of the human mind to be classified with religion and science".[2] Though the definition of what constitutes art is disputed[3][4][5] and has changed over time, general descriptions mention an idea of imaginative or technical skill stemming from human agency[6] and creation.[7]
The nature of art, and related concepts such as creativity and interpretation, are explored in a branch of philosophy known as aesthetics.[8]
- published: 14 Jul 2014
- views: 142
Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:13
- Updated: 14 Jul 2014
- views: 28
Painting Drawing Rangoli Music Pottering Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery...
Painting Drawing Rangoli Music Pottering Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3]
The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.[5]
Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC,[6] and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP.[7] Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC),[9] Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.
Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
wn.com/Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar In Bilapsur By Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Painting Drawing Rangoli Music Pottering Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3]
The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.[5]
Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC,[6] and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP.[7] Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC),[9] Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.
Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
- published: 14 Jul 2014
- views: 28
Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:07
- Updated: 15 Jul 2014
- views: 157
Painting Drawing Rangoli Music Pottering Folk Dance Folk Song Mehndi A Complete Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Potte...
Painting Drawing Rangoli Music Pottering Folk Dance Folk Song Mehndi A Complete Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3]
The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.[5]
Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC,[6] and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP.[7] Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC),[9] Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.
Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
Art is a diverse range of human activities and the products of those activities; this article focuses primarily on the visual arts, which includes the creation of images or objects in fields including painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, and other visual media. Architecture is often included as one of the visual arts; however, like the decorative arts, it involves the creation of objects where the practical considerations of use are essential—in a way that they usually are not in a painting, for example. Music, theatre, film, dance, and other performing arts, as well as literature and other media such as interactive media, are included in a broader definition of art or the arts.[1] Until the 17th century, art referred to any skill or mastery and was not differentiated from crafts or sciences. In modern usage after the 17th century, where aesthetic considerations are paramount, the fine arts are separated and distinguished from acquired skills in general, such as the decorative or applied arts.
Art may be characterized in terms of mimesis (its representation of reality), expression, communication of emotion, or other qualities. During the Romantic period, art came to be seen as "a special faculty of the human mind to be classified with religion and science".[2] Though the definition of what constitutes art is disputed[3][4][5] and has changed over time, general descriptions mention an idea of imaginative or technical skill stemming from human agency[6] and creation.[7]
The nature of art, and related concepts such as creativity and interpretation, are explored in a branch of philosophy known as aesthetics.[8]
wn.com/Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar In Bilapsur By Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Painting Drawing Rangoli Music Pottering Folk Dance Folk Song Mehndi A Complete Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Pottery is the ceramic act of making pottery wares,[1] of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of a potter or the manufacture of pottery.[2][3]
The definition of pottery used by ASTM is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products."[4] Some archaeologists use a different understanding of this definition by excluding ceramic objects such as figurines which are made by similar processes and of similar materials but are not vessels.[5]
Pottery originates during the Neolithic period. Ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic date back to 29,000--25,000 BC,[6] and pottery vessels discovered in Jiangxi, China date back to 20,000 BP.[7] Early Neolithic pottery has also been found in Jomon Japan (10,500 BC),[8] the Russian Far East (14,000 BC),[9] Sub-Saharan Africa and South America.
Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln which removes all the water from the clay, which induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing their strength and hardening and setting their shape. A clay body can be decorated before or after firing. Prior to some shaping processes, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an even moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed. This is called de-airing and can be accomplished by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can also help produce an even moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After shaping it is dried and then fired.
Art is a diverse range of human activities and the products of those activities; this article focuses primarily on the visual arts, which includes the creation of images or objects in fields including painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, and other visual media. Architecture is often included as one of the visual arts; however, like the decorative arts, it involves the creation of objects where the practical considerations of use are essential—in a way that they usually are not in a painting, for example. Music, theatre, film, dance, and other performing arts, as well as literature and other media such as interactive media, are included in a broader definition of art or the arts.[1] Until the 17th century, art referred to any skill or mastery and was not differentiated from crafts or sciences. In modern usage after the 17th century, where aesthetic considerations are paramount, the fine arts are separated and distinguished from acquired skills in general, such as the decorative or applied arts.
Art may be characterized in terms of mimesis (its representation of reality), expression, communication of emotion, or other qualities. During the Romantic period, art came to be seen as "a special faculty of the human mind to be classified with religion and science".[2] Though the definition of what constitutes art is disputed[3][4][5] and has changed over time, general descriptions mention an idea of imaginative or technical skill stemming from human agency[6] and creation.[7]
The nature of art, and related concepts such as creativity and interpretation, are explored in a branch of philosophy known as aesthetics.[8]
- published: 15 Jul 2014
- views: 157
Neanderthal 2001 Full Documentry
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 96:37
- Updated: 19 Mar 2013
- views: 428598
Neanderthal (2001) Documentry
Found this on an old video so please excuse the quality through moviemaker.
Filmed 'near myself' at Glenveagh National Park, Cou...
Neanderthal (2001) Documentry
Found this on an old video so please excuse the quality through moviemaker.
Filmed 'near myself' at Glenveagh National Park, County Donegal, Ireland
Directed by Tony Mitchell
Cast
Kenneth Cranham - Narrator (voice)
Mark Byron - Cromagnon
Jud Charlton - Neanderthal
Alison Johnston - Neanderthal
Cosh Omar - Neanderthal
Howard Salinger - Neanderthal
Samantha Seager - Neanderthal
Miltos Yerolemou - Neanderthal
Produced by Alex Graham
Assistant producer - Ailsa Orr
Original Music by Andrew Hulme
Dan Mudford
The Neanderthals are an extinct species or subspecies of the genus Homo which is closely related to modern humans. They are known from fossils, dating from the Pleistocene period, which have been found in Europe and parts of western and central Asia. The species is named after Neandertal ("Neander's Valley"), the location in Germany where it was first discovered. The species name is also sometimes spelled Neandertal, because that is the modern German spelling of the valley's name.
Neanderthals are classified either as a subspecies of Homo sapiens (Homo sapiens neanderthalensis) or as a separate species of the same genus (Homo neanderthalensis).
The first humans with proto-Neanderthal traits are believed to have existed in Europe as early as 600,000--350,000 years ago.
When the Neanderthals went extinct is disputed. Fossils found in the Vindija Cave in Croatia have been dated to between 33,000 and 32,000 years old, and Neanderthal artefacts from Gorham's Cave in Gibraltar are believed to be less than 30,000 years ago, but a recent study has re-dated fossils at two Spanish sites as 45,000 years old, 10,000 years older than previously thought, and may cast doubt on recent dates at other sites. Cro-Magnon (early-modern-human) skeletal remains showing certain "Neanderthal traits" have been found in Lagar Velho (Portugal) and dated to 24,500 years ago, suggesting that there may have been an extensive admixture of the Cro-Magnon and Neanderthal populations in that region.
The Mousterian stone tool culture, dates to about 300,000 years ago. Late Mousterian artifacts were found in Gorham's Cave on the south-facing coast of Gibraltar. Other tool cultures associated with the Neanderthals include the Châtelperronian, the Aurignacian, and the Gravettian; their tool assemblages appear to have developed gradually within their populations.
Neanderthal cranial capacity is thought to have been as large as that of modern humans, perhaps larger, indicating that their brain size may have been comparable, or larger, as well. In 2008, a group of scientists created a study using three-dimensional computer-assisted reconstructions of Neanderthal infants based on fossils found in Russia and Syria. The study showed Neanderthal and modern human brains were the same size at birth, but by adulthood, the Neanderthal brain was larger than the modern human brain. They were much stronger than modern humans, having particularly strong arms and hands.
Genetic evidence published in 2010 suggests that Neanderthals contributed to the DNA of anatomically modern humans, probably through interbreeding between 80,000 and 50,000 years ago with the population of anatomically modern humans who had recently migrated from Africa. According to the study, by the time that population began dispersing across Eurasia, Neanderthals genes constituted as much as 1--4% of its genome.
Neanderthal skulls were first discovered in Engis Caves (fr), in what is now Belgium (1829) by Philippe-Charles Schmerling and in Forbes' Quarry, Gibraltar, dubbed Gibraltar 1 (1848), both prior to the type specimen discovery in a limestone quarry of the Neander Valley in Erkrath near Düsseldorf in August 1856, three years before Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species was published.
The type specimen, dubbed Neanderthal 1, consisted of a skull cap, two femora, three bones from the right arm, two from the left arm, part of the left ilium, fragments of a scapula, and ribs. The workers who recovered this material originally thought it to be the remains of a bear. They gave the material to amateur naturalist Johann Carl Fuhlrott, who turned the fossils over to anatomist Hermann Schaaffhausen. The discovery was jointly announced in 1857.
To date, the bones of over 400 Neanderthals have been found.
Early Neanderthals lived in the Last glacial period for a span of about 100,000 years. Because of the damaging effects the glacial period had on the Neanderthal sites, not much is known about the early species. Remains known include most of Europe south of the line of glaciation, roughly along the 50th parallel north, including most of Western Europe, including the south coast of GB, Central Europe and the Balkans, Some sites in Ukraine and in w. Russia and e. Europe in Siberia to the Altai Mountains and to Indus River. It is estimated that the total Neanderthal population across this habitat range numbered at around 70,000 at its peak.
wn.com/Neanderthal 2001 Full Documentry
Neanderthal (2001) Documentry
Found this on an old video so please excuse the quality through moviemaker.
Filmed 'near myself' at Glenveagh National Park, County Donegal, Ireland
Directed by Tony Mitchell
Cast
Kenneth Cranham - Narrator (voice)
Mark Byron - Cromagnon
Jud Charlton - Neanderthal
Alison Johnston - Neanderthal
Cosh Omar - Neanderthal
Howard Salinger - Neanderthal
Samantha Seager - Neanderthal
Miltos Yerolemou - Neanderthal
Produced by Alex Graham
Assistant producer - Ailsa Orr
Original Music by Andrew Hulme
Dan Mudford
The Neanderthals are an extinct species or subspecies of the genus Homo which is closely related to modern humans. They are known from fossils, dating from the Pleistocene period, which have been found in Europe and parts of western and central Asia. The species is named after Neandertal ("Neander's Valley"), the location in Germany where it was first discovered. The species name is also sometimes spelled Neandertal, because that is the modern German spelling of the valley's name.
Neanderthals are classified either as a subspecies of Homo sapiens (Homo sapiens neanderthalensis) or as a separate species of the same genus (Homo neanderthalensis).
The first humans with proto-Neanderthal traits are believed to have existed in Europe as early as 600,000--350,000 years ago.
When the Neanderthals went extinct is disputed. Fossils found in the Vindija Cave in Croatia have been dated to between 33,000 and 32,000 years old, and Neanderthal artefacts from Gorham's Cave in Gibraltar are believed to be less than 30,000 years ago, but a recent study has re-dated fossils at two Spanish sites as 45,000 years old, 10,000 years older than previously thought, and may cast doubt on recent dates at other sites. Cro-Magnon (early-modern-human) skeletal remains showing certain "Neanderthal traits" have been found in Lagar Velho (Portugal) and dated to 24,500 years ago, suggesting that there may have been an extensive admixture of the Cro-Magnon and Neanderthal populations in that region.
The Mousterian stone tool culture, dates to about 300,000 years ago. Late Mousterian artifacts were found in Gorham's Cave on the south-facing coast of Gibraltar. Other tool cultures associated with the Neanderthals include the Châtelperronian, the Aurignacian, and the Gravettian; their tool assemblages appear to have developed gradually within their populations.
Neanderthal cranial capacity is thought to have been as large as that of modern humans, perhaps larger, indicating that their brain size may have been comparable, or larger, as well. In 2008, a group of scientists created a study using three-dimensional computer-assisted reconstructions of Neanderthal infants based on fossils found in Russia and Syria. The study showed Neanderthal and modern human brains were the same size at birth, but by adulthood, the Neanderthal brain was larger than the modern human brain. They were much stronger than modern humans, having particularly strong arms and hands.
Genetic evidence published in 2010 suggests that Neanderthals contributed to the DNA of anatomically modern humans, probably through interbreeding between 80,000 and 50,000 years ago with the population of anatomically modern humans who had recently migrated from Africa. According to the study, by the time that population began dispersing across Eurasia, Neanderthals genes constituted as much as 1--4% of its genome.
Neanderthal skulls were first discovered in Engis Caves (fr), in what is now Belgium (1829) by Philippe-Charles Schmerling and in Forbes' Quarry, Gibraltar, dubbed Gibraltar 1 (1848), both prior to the type specimen discovery in a limestone quarry of the Neander Valley in Erkrath near Düsseldorf in August 1856, three years before Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species was published.
The type specimen, dubbed Neanderthal 1, consisted of a skull cap, two femora, three bones from the right arm, two from the left arm, part of the left ilium, fragments of a scapula, and ribs. The workers who recovered this material originally thought it to be the remains of a bear. They gave the material to amateur naturalist Johann Carl Fuhlrott, who turned the fossils over to anatomist Hermann Schaaffhausen. The discovery was jointly announced in 1857.
To date, the bones of over 400 Neanderthals have been found.
Early Neanderthals lived in the Last glacial period for a span of about 100,000 years. Because of the damaging effects the glacial period had on the Neanderthal sites, not much is known about the early species. Remains known include most of Europe south of the line of glaciation, roughly along the 50th parallel north, including most of Western Europe, including the south coast of GB, Central Europe and the Balkans, Some sites in Ukraine and in w. Russia and e. Europe in Siberia to the Altai Mountains and to Indus River. It is estimated that the total Neanderthal population across this habitat range numbered at around 70,000 at its peak.
- published: 19 Mar 2013
- views: 428598
Archaeological Evidence that Neanderthals were Highly Developed
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 72:35
- Updated: 25 Nov 2013
- views: 6095
Think the Neanderthals were a bunch of ignorant cave men? Think again, says renowned author of over a hundred books from "The Outsider" in 1956 to the Atlantis ...
Think the Neanderthals were a bunch of ignorant cave men? Think again, says renowned author of over a hundred books from "The Outsider" in 1956 to the Atlantis Blueprint with Rand Flem-Ath that established a new basis for research into the Atlantis story. Now he's out with "Atlantis and the Kingdom of the Neanderthals," an astonishment of a new book that offers phenomenal archaeological evidence that Neanderthals had a highly developed culture. Listen as Colin takes us on a journey into the past as we have never seen it before in this thrilling interview.
The Neanderthals or Neandertals (/niˈændərˌθɔːlz/, /niˈændərˌtɔːlz/, /niˈændərˌtɑːlz/, /neɪˈɑːndərˌtɑːlz/ or /niˈændərθəlz/)[1] are an extinct species of the genus Homo, possibly a subspecies of Homo sapiens. They are closely related to modern humans, differing in DNA by only 0.3%, just twice the variability across contemporary humans. Remains left by Neanderthals include bones and stone tools, which are found from western Europe to central Asia. The species is named after Neandertal ("Neander's Valley"), the location in Germany where it was first discovered.
Neanderthals are classified either as a subspecies of Homo sapiens (Homo sapiens neanderthalensis) or as a separate species of the same genus (Homo neanderthalensis). The first humans with proto-Neanderthal traits are believed to have existed in Europe as early as 600,000--350,000 years ago.
The exact date of their extinction is disputed. Fossils found in the Vindija Cave in Croatia have been dated to between 33,000 and 32,000 years old, and Neanderthal artifacts from Gorham's Cave in Gibraltar are believed to be less than 30,000 years old, but a recent study has redated fossils at two Spanish sites as 45,000 years old, 10,000 years older than previously thought, and may cast doubt on recent datings of other sites. Cro-Magnon (early-modern-human) skeletal remains showing some "Neanderthal traits" have been found in Lagar Velho (Portugal) and dated to 24,500 years ago, suggesting that there may have been an extensive admixture of the Cro-Magnon and Neanderthal populations in that region.
Several cultural assemblages have been linked to the Neanderthals in Europe. The earliest, the Mousterian stone tool culture, dates to about 300,000 years ago. Late Mousterian artifacts were found in Gorham's Cave on the south-facing coast of Gibraltar. Other tool cultures associated with the Neanderthals include the Châtelperronian, the Aurignacian, and the Gravettian; their tool assemblages appear to have developed gradually within their populations, rather than being introduced by new population groups arriving in the region.
With an average cranial capacity of 1600cc Neanderthal's cranial capacity is known to be notably larger than all races of modern humans on average, indicating that their brain size was at least as large, if not larger. In 2008, a group of scientists produced a study using three-dimensional computer-assisted reconstructions of Neanderthal infants based on fossils found in Russia and Syria. The study indicated that Neanderthal and modern human brains were the same size at birth, but by adulthood, the Neanderthal brain was larger than the modern human brain. They were much stronger than modern humans, having particularly strong arms and hands. Males stood 164--168 cm (65--66 in) and females about 152--156 cm (60--61 in) tall.
Genetic evidence published in 2010 suggests that Neanderthals contributed to the DNA of anatomically modern humans, probably through interbreeding between 80,000 and 50,000 years ago with the population of anatomically modern humans who had recently migrated from Africa. According to the study, by the time that population began dispersing across Eurasia, Neanderthals genes constituted as much as 1--4% of its genome (roughly equivalent to having one Neanderthal great-great-great-grandparent). Ötzi the iceman, Europe's oldest preserved mummy, was found to possess an even higher percentage of Neanderthal ancestry.
wn.com/Archaeological Evidence That Neanderthals Were Highly Developed
Think the Neanderthals were a bunch of ignorant cave men? Think again, says renowned author of over a hundred books from "The Outsider" in 1956 to the Atlantis Blueprint with Rand Flem-Ath that established a new basis for research into the Atlantis story. Now he's out with "Atlantis and the Kingdom of the Neanderthals," an astonishment of a new book that offers phenomenal archaeological evidence that Neanderthals had a highly developed culture. Listen as Colin takes us on a journey into the past as we have never seen it before in this thrilling interview.
The Neanderthals or Neandertals (/niˈændərˌθɔːlz/, /niˈændərˌtɔːlz/, /niˈændərˌtɑːlz/, /neɪˈɑːndərˌtɑːlz/ or /niˈændərθəlz/)[1] are an extinct species of the genus Homo, possibly a subspecies of Homo sapiens. They are closely related to modern humans, differing in DNA by only 0.3%, just twice the variability across contemporary humans. Remains left by Neanderthals include bones and stone tools, which are found from western Europe to central Asia. The species is named after Neandertal ("Neander's Valley"), the location in Germany where it was first discovered.
Neanderthals are classified either as a subspecies of Homo sapiens (Homo sapiens neanderthalensis) or as a separate species of the same genus (Homo neanderthalensis). The first humans with proto-Neanderthal traits are believed to have existed in Europe as early as 600,000--350,000 years ago.
The exact date of their extinction is disputed. Fossils found in the Vindija Cave in Croatia have been dated to between 33,000 and 32,000 years old, and Neanderthal artifacts from Gorham's Cave in Gibraltar are believed to be less than 30,000 years old, but a recent study has redated fossils at two Spanish sites as 45,000 years old, 10,000 years older than previously thought, and may cast doubt on recent datings of other sites. Cro-Magnon (early-modern-human) skeletal remains showing some "Neanderthal traits" have been found in Lagar Velho (Portugal) and dated to 24,500 years ago, suggesting that there may have been an extensive admixture of the Cro-Magnon and Neanderthal populations in that region.
Several cultural assemblages have been linked to the Neanderthals in Europe. The earliest, the Mousterian stone tool culture, dates to about 300,000 years ago. Late Mousterian artifacts were found in Gorham's Cave on the south-facing coast of Gibraltar. Other tool cultures associated with the Neanderthals include the Châtelperronian, the Aurignacian, and the Gravettian; their tool assemblages appear to have developed gradually within their populations, rather than being introduced by new population groups arriving in the region.
With an average cranial capacity of 1600cc Neanderthal's cranial capacity is known to be notably larger than all races of modern humans on average, indicating that their brain size was at least as large, if not larger. In 2008, a group of scientists produced a study using three-dimensional computer-assisted reconstructions of Neanderthal infants based on fossils found in Russia and Syria. The study indicated that Neanderthal and modern human brains were the same size at birth, but by adulthood, the Neanderthal brain was larger than the modern human brain. They were much stronger than modern humans, having particularly strong arms and hands. Males stood 164--168 cm (65--66 in) and females about 152--156 cm (60--61 in) tall.
Genetic evidence published in 2010 suggests that Neanderthals contributed to the DNA of anatomically modern humans, probably through interbreeding between 80,000 and 50,000 years ago with the population of anatomically modern humans who had recently migrated from Africa. According to the study, by the time that population began dispersing across Eurasia, Neanderthals genes constituted as much as 1--4% of its genome (roughly equivalent to having one Neanderthal great-great-great-grandparent). Ötzi the iceman, Europe's oldest preserved mummy, was found to possess an even higher percentage of Neanderthal ancestry.
- published: 25 Nov 2013
- views: 6095
Mammoth meat was a delicacy 30,000 years ago: Gravettian people hunted the beasts for food - but fe
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:06
- Updated: 25 Nov 2014
- views: 225
Scientists at the University of T�bingen made the discovery after analysing carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in human and animal fossil bones at P?edmost�, a...
Scientists at the University of T�bingen made the discovery after analysing carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in human and animal fossil bones at P?edmost�, a prehistoric site in the Czech Republic.
Scientists at the University of T�bingen made the discovery after analysing carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in human and animal fossil bones at P?edmost�, a prehistoric site in the Czech Republic.
Scientists at the University of T�bingen made the discovery after analysing carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in human and animal fossil bones at P?edmost�, a prehistoric site in the Czech Republic.
Mammoth meat was a delicacy 30,000 years ago: Gravettian people hunted the beasts for food - but fed their dogs reindeer
Mammoth meat was a delicacy 30,000 years ago: Gravettian people hunted the beasts for food - but fed their dogs reindeer
Mammoth meat was a delicacy 30,000 years ago: Gravettian people hunted the beasts for food - but fed their dogs reindeer
wn.com/Mammoth Meat Was A Delicacy 30,000 Years Ago Gravettian People Hunted The Beasts For Food But Fe
Scientists at the University of T�bingen made the discovery after analysing carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in human and animal fossil bones at P?edmost�, a prehistoric site in the Czech Republic.
Scientists at the University of T�bingen made the discovery after analysing carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in human and animal fossil bones at P?edmost�, a prehistoric site in the Czech Republic.
Scientists at the University of T�bingen made the discovery after analysing carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in human and animal fossil bones at P?edmost�, a prehistoric site in the Czech Republic.
Mammoth meat was a delicacy 30,000 years ago: Gravettian people hunted the beasts for food - but fed their dogs reindeer
Mammoth meat was a delicacy 30,000 years ago: Gravettian people hunted the beasts for food - but fed their dogs reindeer
Mammoth meat was a delicacy 30,000 years ago: Gravettian people hunted the beasts for food - but fed their dogs reindeer
- published: 25 Nov 2014
- views: 225
THE ORIGIN AND HISTORY OF HUNGARIANS 1/4.
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:50
- Updated: 25 May 2010
- views: 3013
1. BC 40 000- SZELETA CULTURE, CARPATHIA
2. BC 22 000- GRAVETTIANS , CARPATHIA SUBARIANS CAUCASUS-MEZOPOTAMIA.
3. BC 8000- KŐRÖS, DANUBE AND ALFÖLD LINEAR POTTE...
1. BC 40 000- SZELETA CULTURE, CARPATHIA
2. BC 22 000- GRAVETTIANS , CARPATHIA SUBARIANS CAUCASUS-MEZOPOTAMIA.
3. BC 8000- KŐRÖS, DANUBE AND ALFÖLD LINEAR POTTERY CULTURES
4. BC 5000- VINCA, TRYPILLIA CULTURES, CARPATHIA
5. BC 3500-KURGAN CULTURE, CARPATHIA
wn.com/The Origin And History Of Hungarians 1 4.
1. BC 40 000- SZELETA CULTURE, CARPATHIA
2. BC 22 000- GRAVETTIANS , CARPATHIA SUBARIANS CAUCASUS-MEZOPOTAMIA.
3. BC 8000- KŐRÖS, DANUBE AND ALFÖLD LINEAR POTTERY CULTURES
4. BC 5000- VINCA, TRYPILLIA CULTURES, CARPATHIA
5. BC 3500-KURGAN CULTURE, CARPATHIA
- published: 25 May 2010
- views: 3013
Hungarian History bc 30 000 bc 3000 (turanians)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:27
- Updated: 04 May 2011
- views: 1003
1. Glacial maximum, Carpathian Basin, Gravettians.
2. Neolitic Europe, Carpathian Basin, farmer-writer Kőrös culture
3. Subartu.Mezopotamia-Pre-Turanians
1. Glacial maximum, Carpathian Basin, Gravettians.
2. Neolitic Europe, Carpathian Basin, farmer-writer Kőrös culture
3. Subartu.Mezopotamia-Pre-Turanians
wn.com/Hungarian History Bc 30 000 Bc 3000 (Turanians)
1. Glacial maximum, Carpathian Basin, Gravettians.
2. Neolitic Europe, Carpathian Basin, farmer-writer Kőrös culture
3. Subartu.Mezopotamia-Pre-Turanians
- published: 04 May 2011
- views: 1003
Cro-Magnon men of Sunghir
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:47
- Updated: 01 Oct 2011
- views: 10212
Reconstructions of 20 to 30 thousand years old remains of the Gravettian Cro-Magnons of Sungir / Russia. We don't know which language these upper-paleolithic pe...
Reconstructions of 20 to 30 thousand years old remains of the Gravettian Cro-Magnons of Sungir / Russia. We don't know which language these upper-paleolithic people spoke, but anthropologically, they formed the base of the Cro-Magnoid element in the later Finno-Ugrians.
wn.com/Cro Magnon Men Of Sunghir
Reconstructions of 20 to 30 thousand years old remains of the Gravettian Cro-Magnons of Sungir / Russia. We don't know which language these upper-paleolithic people spoke, but anthropologically, they formed the base of the Cro-Magnoid element in the later Finno-Ugrians.
- published: 01 Oct 2011
- views: 10212
The oldest known portrait of a woman sculpted from mammoth ivory found in Czech Republic 26,000
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:37
- Updated: 12 Jul 2014
- views: 336
Face of the 26 000-year-old woman
Dolní Vestonice: Portrait Head XV
Pavlovian/Gravettian. 25,000-29,000 years old
This ivory portrait head could depict a m...
Face of the 26 000-year-old woman
Dolní Vestonice: Portrait Head XV
Pavlovian/Gravettian. 25,000-29,000 years old
This ivory portrait head could depict a man or a woman but the latter is usually assumed. The head is sculpted in the round so that the oval shape of the face is realistically curved. The hair is not indicated but an incised line marks the top of the forehead framing the face. Eye brows are carefully drawn above exceptionally detailed eyes; the nose and mouth are accurately proportioned. There are no ears but these might be covered by the hair.
Dolní Vestonice, Moravia, Czech Republic.
Brno Museum, Czech Republic.
wn.com/The Oldest Known Portrait Of A Woman Sculpted From Mammoth Ivory Found In Czech Republic 26,000
Face of the 26 000-year-old woman
Dolní Vestonice: Portrait Head XV
Pavlovian/Gravettian. 25,000-29,000 years old
This ivory portrait head could depict a man or a woman but the latter is usually assumed. The head is sculpted in the round so that the oval shape of the face is realistically curved. The hair is not indicated but an incised line marks the top of the forehead framing the face. Eye brows are carefully drawn above exceptionally detailed eyes; the nose and mouth are accurately proportioned. There are no ears but these might be covered by the hair.
Dolní Vestonice, Moravia, Czech Republic.
Brno Museum, Czech Republic.
- published: 12 Jul 2014
- views: 336
Venus of Dolní Věstonice Movie & Slideshow (Kieran Griffith)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:38
- Updated: 14 Apr 2009
- views: 6056
The Venus of Dolní Věstonice (Czech: Věstonická Venuše) is a Venus figurine, a ceramic statuette of a nude female figure dated to between 29,000 and 25,000 BCE ...
The Venus of Dolní Věstonice (Czech: Věstonická Venuše) is a Venus figurine, a ceramic statuette of a nude female figure dated to between 29,000 and 25,000 BCE (Gravettian industry), which was found at a Paleolithic site in the Moravian basin south of Brno. The figurine was discovered on July 13, 1925 in a layer of ash, broken into two pieces. Once on display at the Moravian Museum in Brno, it is now protected and only rarely accessible to the public.
wn.com/Venus Of Dolní Věstonice Movie Slideshow (Kieran Griffith)
The Venus of Dolní Věstonice (Czech: Věstonická Venuše) is a Venus figurine, a ceramic statuette of a nude female figure dated to between 29,000 and 25,000 BCE (Gravettian industry), which was found at a Paleolithic site in the Moravian basin south of Brno. The figurine was discovered on July 13, 1925 in a layer of ash, broken into two pieces. Once on display at the Moravian Museum in Brno, it is now protected and only rarely accessible to the public.
- published: 14 Apr 2009
- views: 6056
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0:45
The Gravettian culture is the common ancestor of Finns and Magyars
The Gravettian culture is the common ancestor of Finns and Magyars
published: 09 Mar 2012
The Gravettian culture is the common ancestor of Finns and Magyars
The Gravettian culture is the common ancestor of Finns and Magyars
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- published: 09 Mar 2012
- views: 1779
2:25
FINNS AND MAGYARS are NOT FROM URAL!
THE ANCESTOR OF FINNS AND MAGYARS ARE THE GRAVETTIAN CULTURE. THIS MIGRATED TO NORTH EU AF...
published: 09 Mar 2012
FINNS AND MAGYARS are NOT FROM URAL!
FINNS AND MAGYARS are NOT FROM URAL!
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- published: 09 Mar 2012
- views: 6418
1:00
Venus of Brassempouy(c.23,000 BCE)One of the earliest representations of a human face and hairstyle
The Venus of Brassempouy (French: la Dame de Brassempouy, meaning "Lady of Brassempouy", o...
published: 10 Jun 2014
Venus of Brassempouy(c.23,000 BCE)One of the earliest representations of a human face and hairstyle
Venus of Brassempouy(c.23,000 BCE)One of the earliest representations of a human face and hairstyle
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- published: 10 Jun 2014
- views: 2668
7:42
European men descend from 10 genetic forefathers
http://vinesbranch.net/index.php?p=1_4_10-LOST-TRIBES-have-been-found-AND-WE-KNOW-WHEN-YOU...
published: 08 May 2015
European men descend from 10 genetic forefathers
European men descend from 10 genetic forefathers
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- published: 08 May 2015
- views: 177
3:28
Traditional pot making technique from India
A man makes clay pot using traditional techniques, various items like clay pots, mini mast...
published: 08 Jul 2014
Traditional pot making technique from India
Traditional pot making technique from India
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- published: 08 Jul 2014
- views: 3126
1:17
Pottery making in Nepal
The art of traditional clay pottery in Nepal.
Pottery is the ceramic act of making potter...
published: 11 Aug 2014
Pottery making in Nepal
Pottery making in Nepal
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- published: 11 Aug 2014
- views: 300
4:43
HUNGARIAN PAST- PART 1. UGRO-FINNIA BC 30 000 (ságvár-sungir gravettians)
THE UGRO-FINNIANS WERE NATIVE -EUROPEAN GRAVETTIANS AND NOT ASIAN OR SIBERIAN MONGOLOIDS!
...
published: 26 Mar 2011
HUNGARIAN PAST- PART 1. UGRO-FINNIA BC 30 000 (ságvár-sungir gravettians)
HUNGARIAN PAST- PART 1. UGRO-FINNIA BC 30 000 (ságvár-sungir gravettians)
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- published: 26 Mar 2011
- views: 1959
2:31
Ancient pestle shows Paleolithic people ground oats for food
A team of researchers from a variety of institutions in Italy has found evidence of oat gr...
published: 08 Sep 2015
Ancient pestle shows Paleolithic people ground oats for food
Ancient pestle shows Paleolithic people ground oats for food
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- published: 08 Sep 2015
- views: 68
4:59
From Gravettian to Graffiti: Undergraduate Archaeology at Durham University
For more information about BA Archaeology at Durham University:
https://www.dur.ac.uk/cou...
published: 25 Jan 2016
From Gravettian to Graffiti: Undergraduate Archaeology at Durham University
From Gravettian to Graffiti: Undergraduate Archaeology at Durham University
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- published: 25 Jan 2016
- views: 264
0:25
A Potter Kumhar Making a Pot Ghada with Clay Mud
Pottery
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Pot" and "Pots" redirect here. For other us...
published: 30 Jun 2014
A Potter Kumhar Making a Pot Ghada with Clay Mud
A Potter Kumhar Making a Pot Ghada with Clay Mud
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- published: 30 Jun 2014
- views: 765
2:53
A Potter Kumhar Making a Pot Ghada with Clay Mud
Pottery
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Pot" and "Pots" redirect here. For other us...
published: 30 Jun 2014
A Potter Kumhar Making a Pot Ghada with Clay Mud
A Potter Kumhar Making a Pot Ghada with Clay Mud
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- published: 30 Jun 2014
- views: 2113
1:19
Origin of Ceramic Technology: Ice Age Bear Sculpture 25,000-29,000 years old Czech Republic
Venus Figurine and the Origin of Ceramic Technology. The oldest pottery discovered.
The e...
published: 12 Nov 2014
Origin of Ceramic Technology: Ice Age Bear Sculpture 25,000-29,000 years old Czech Republic
Origin of Ceramic Technology: Ice Age Bear Sculpture 25,000-29,000 years old Czech Republic
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- published: 12 Nov 2014
- views: 788
17:07
Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Painting Drawing Rangoli Music Pottering Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur b...
published: 14 Jul 2014
Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
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- published: 14 Jul 2014
- views: 142
6:13
Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Painting Drawing Rangoli Music Pottering Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur b...
published: 14 Jul 2014
Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by Bilasa Kala Manch C.G.
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- published: 14 Jul 2014
- views: 28
The Gravettian culture is the common ancestor of F...
FINNS AND MAGYARS are NOT FROM URAL!...
Venus of Brassempouy(c.23,000 BCE)One of the earli...
European men descend from 10 genetic forefathers...
Traditional pot making technique from India...
Pottery making in Nepal...
HUNGARIAN PAST- PART 1. UGRO-FINNIA BC 30 000 (ság...
Ancient pestle shows Paleolithic people ground oat...
From Gravettian to Graffiti: Undergraduate Archaeo...
A Potter Kumhar Making a Pot Ghada with Clay Mud...
A Potter Kumhar Making a Pot Ghada with Clay Mud...
Origin of Ceramic Technology: Ice Age Bear Sculptu...
Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by...
Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by...
Traditional Art Training Camp Aakar in Bilapsur by...
Neanderthal 2001 Full Documentry...
Archaeological Evidence that Neanderthals were Hig...
Mammoth meat was a delicacy 30,000 years ago: Grav...
THE ORIGIN AND HISTORY OF HUNGARIANS 1/4....
Hungarian History bc 30 000 bc 3000 (turanians)...
Cro-Magnon men of Sunghir...
The oldest known portrait of a woman sculpted from...
Venus of Dolní Věstonice Movie & Slideshow (Kieran...
photo: GFDL / Nevit Dilmen
T-Rex Fossil Skull 'Discovery' on Mars Excites UFO Community On Earth
Edit WorldNews.com 09 Mar 2016
The UFO community is in a self-proclaimed state of gleeful commotion with the bizarre announcement by UFO blogger Scott C. Waring of a Tyrannosaurus Rex-type dinosaur discovered in an image of the Martian surface snapped by NASA’s Curiously rover, an Inquisitr report said Wednesday ... Waring announced the “discovery” of the fossilized skull of a T. Rex-type dinosaur in a Feb. 11 blog post ... – WN.com, Jack Durschlag....
photo: AP / Lynne Sladky
Vote-rigging means Donald Trump wins if US election ends in a tie
Edit The Independent 09 Mar 2016
Donald Trump, or any Republican presidential candidate, will only need to win 269 electoral college votes in a US general election, whereas Hillary Clinton, or any Democrat, will need to win 270, a new analysis by the Independent can reveal ... ....
photo: AP / Juliet Linderman
Snowden: FBI's claim it can't unlock the San Bernardino iPhone is 'bullshit'
Edit The Guardian 09 Mar 2016
NSA whistleblower rubbishes claims that only Apple can unlock killer’s iPhone 5C, indicating FBI has the means itself. Edward Snowden, the whistleblower whose NSA revelations sparked a debate on mass surveillance, has waded into the arguments over the FBI’s attempt to force Apple to help it unlock the iPhone 5C of one of the San Bernardino shooters ... “The FBI says Apple has the ‘exclusive technical means’ to unlock the phone ... ....
photo: UN / Sean Hurt
Islamic State's Top Chemical Weapon's Engineer Captured By U.S. Special Forces
Edit WorldNews.com 09 Mar 2016
The head of the Islamic State’s unit attempting to develop chemical weapons was captured by U.S. special forces troops in a raid in northern Iraq, two senior Iraqi intelligence officials requesting anonymity told The Associated Press ... U.S. officials said last week the Special Forces team had captured an Islamic State leader but had refused to identify him ... They would not give further details ... Last year, the report said, U.S....
photo: Public Domain
Abu Dhabi International Airport closed, Dubai airport operational
Edit Khaleej Times 09 Mar 2016
Strong rain has forced the closure of Abu Dhabi International Airport "until further notice", the airport said in a statement ... reporters@khaleejtimes.com. ....
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Paleo People Were Making Flour 32,000 Years Ago
Edit National Public Radio 14 Sep 2015
3.23 PM ET. Jeremy Cherfas. i. A view inside Grotta Paglicci, in southern Italy, with wall paintings. Scientists say a 32,000-year-old stone found inside the cave was used to grind flour. Courtesy of Marta Mariotti Lippi hide caption. itoggle caption Courtesy of Marta Mariotti Lippi ... It was used by the Gravettian culture — a paleolithic people who also left behind spectacular cave paintings, evidence of burial and distinctive stone tools ... ....
Multistep food plant processing at Grotta Paglicci (Southern Italy) around 32,600 cal B.P.
Edit PNAS 02 Sep 2015Gravettian people hunted the beasts for food - but fed their dogs reindeer
Edit The Daily Mail 25 Nov 2014
Scientists at the University of Tübingen made the discovery after analysing carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in human and animal fossil bones at Předmostí, a prehistoric site in the Czech Republic. ....
First Europeans 'weathered Ice Age'
Edit BBC News 06 Nov 2014
The genetic ancestry of the earliest Europeans survived the ferocious Ice Age that took hold after the continent was initially settled by modern people. That is the suggestion of a study of DNA from a male hunter who lived in western Russia 36,000 years ago ... Old cultures died and new ones emerged - such as the Aurignacian and the Gravettian - over thousands of years, and the hunter-gatherer populations ebbed and flowed ... She added ... ....
Earliest evidence of snail-eating
Edit BBC News 21 Aug 2014
Palaeolithic humans in Spain began eating snails 10,000 years earlier than their Mediterranean neighbours, study reveals ... The paper is published in the journal Plos One. Archaeologists working in Cova de la Barriada have found large and concentrated amounts of snail shells among stone tools and other animal remains in pits that were used for cooking during the early Gravettian era - 32,000 to 26,000 years ago ... He added ... A delicacy ... ....
2014-07-18: The economic territory of Upper Palaeolithic groups is specified by flint (Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea)
Edit noodls 18 Jul 2014
The paper, Where to and What for? Mobility Patterns and the Management of Lithic Resources by Gravettian Hunter-Gatherers in the Western Pyrenees, has been published in the Journal of Anthropological Research ... In fact, in the Gravettian culture to which the Cro-Magnons of Ametzagaina belonged, clear technological progression took place in this sphere....
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