- published: 15 Jul 2014
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Graphene is an allotrope of carbon. Its structure is one-atom-thick planar sheets of sp2-bonded carbon atoms that are densely packed in a honeycomb crystal lattice. The term graphene was coined as a combination of graphite and the suffix -ene by Hanns-Peter Boehm, who described single-layer carbon foils in 1962. Graphene is most easily visualized as an atomic-scale chicken wire made of carbon atoms and their bonds. The crystalline or "flake" form of graphite consists of many graphene sheets stacked together.
The carbon-carbon bond length in graphene is about 0.142 nanometers. Graphene sheets stack to form graphite with an interplanar spacing of 0.335 nm. Graphene is the basic structural element of some carbon allotropes including graphite, charcoal, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes. It can also be considered as an indefinitely large aromatic molecule, the limiting case of the family of flat polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
The Nobel Prize in Physics for 2010 was awarded to Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov at the University of Manchester "for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene".
Flower in a garden
A garden with no gate
Bar imprisoned by its crystals
The summer came too late
To melt the snow
On white hedgerows
Don't let the winter hide you
Or freeze your love for me
Like frozen flowers forgotten
They're flying in the cold
Completely lost
In winter's frost
I remember still
The colour of your hair
As I stare
Through sunshine
Spend these lonely hours
Dreaming of your touch
I came to love so much
Its springly frozen flowers
That warm your love for me
For winter can't last long
I tell you that I love you
But still you do not hear
And in my dreams I find you
But like mist you disappear
In the gloom of my room
Forgotten frozen flowers
Like flying in the cold
In winter's frost
I tell you that I love you
But still you do not hear
And in my dreams I find you
But like mist you disappear