Coordinates	12°58′0″N77°34′0″N
name	Stan Daniels
birthname	Stanley Edwin Daniels
birth date	July 31, 1934
birth place	Toronto, Ontario, Canada
death date	April 06, 2007
death place	Encino, California
occupation	Screenwriter, producer, and director
spouse	Alene Kamins (1957-2007) }}

Stanley Edwin Daniels (July 31, 1934 – April 6, 2007) was a Canadian-American screenwriter, producer and director, who won eight Emmy Awards for his work on ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show'' and ''Taxi''.

Early life

Born in Toronto to Jewish parents involved in vaudeville, Daniels earned a bachelor's degree and master's degree from the University of Toronto, then began studying for a doctorate from Oxford University. His first television writing job was for ''The Dean Martin Show'' in 1956. There, he met his writing partner Ed. Weinberger.

Career

Daniels' influence in comedy is noted by the joke setup credited to him ("Stan Daniels turn") wherein, "a character says something and then does an immediate 180-degree shift on what he just said," according to ''The Simpsons'' producer Al Jean. An example of this may be Tony Blair claiming that the Good Friday Agreement is not a day for soundbites, then, immediately going on to say that he, "feel[s] the hand of history on [his] shoulders."

Death

Daniels had been diagnosed with frontotemporal dementia for years, and he died of a heart attack in Encino, California.

Filmography

Director

''Best of the West'' (1 episode, 1981)

''Taxi'' (1 episode, 1982)

''Mr. Smith'' (Unknown episodes, 1983)

''Dear John'' (5 episodes, 1988–1989)

''Flying Blind'' (2 episodes, 1993)

''Almost Perfect'' (Unknown episodes, 1995)

''High Society'' (1 episode, 1995)

''Partners'' (1 episode, 1996)

''Sparks'' (3 episodes, 1996–1997)

''Good News'' (4 episodes, 1997)

Producer

''The Mary Tyler Moore Show'' (Unknown episodes, 1970)

''Doc'' (Executive producer, 1 episode, 1976)

''The Betty White Show'' (Executive producer, unknown episodes, 1977)

''Cindy'' (1978)

''Taxi'' (Executive producer, unknown episodes)

''The Associates'' (Executive producer, unknown episodes)

''Glory! Glory!'' (1989)

''For Richer, for Poorer'' (Supervising producer, 1992)

''The Kid'' (Executive producer, 2001)

Writer

''The Dean Martin Show'' (1 episode, 1965)

''The Bill Cosby Show'' (1 episode, 1970)

''Gene Kelly's Wonderful World of Girls'' (1970)

''Lily'' (1970)

''Phyllis'' (Unknown episodes)

''The Mary Tyler Moore Show'' (12 episodes, 1973–1977)

''Cindy'' (1978)

''Taxi'' (3 episodes, 1978)

''The Associates'' (13 episodes, 1979)

''Mr. Smith'' (5 episodes, 1983)

''The Lonely Guy'' (1984)

''Glory! Glory!'' (1989)

''Getting There'' (1990)

''Roc'' (1 episode, 1991)

''Faith'' (1991)

''For Richer, for Poorer'' (1992)

''The Substitute Wife'' (1994)

''The Kid'' (2001)

Awards and nominations

Year	Result	Award	Category	Series	Shared with
	Won	Emmy Award	Outstanding Writing in a Comedy Series	''The Mary Tyler Moore Show''	Ed. Weinberger (for "Mary Richards Goes to Jail" episode)
Won	Emmy Award	Outstanding Comedy Series	''The Mary Tyler Moore Show''	James L. Brooks, Allan Burns, Ed. Weinberger
1976	Won	Emmy Award	Outstanding Comedy Series	''The Mary Tyler Moore Show''	James L. Brooks, Allan Burns, Ed. Weinberger
	Won	Emmy Award	Outstanding Writing in a Comedy Series	''The Mary Tyler Moore Show''	James L. Brooks, Allan Burns, Bob Ellison (screenwriter)
Won	Emmy Award	Outstanding Comedy Series	''The Mary Tyler Moore Show''	James L. Brooks, Allan Burns, Ed. Weinberger
1979	Won	Emmy Award	Outstanding Comedy Series	''Taxi''	James L. Brooks, [[Glen Charles, Les Charles, David Davis, Ed. Weinberger
	Nominated	Emmy Award	Outstanding Writing in a Comedy Series		Ed. Weinberger (for "The Censors" episode)
Won	Emmy Award	Outstanding Comedy Series	''Taxi''	James L. Brooks, Glen Charles, Les Charles, David Davis, Ed. Weinberger
1981	Won	Emmy Award	Outstanding Comedy Series	''Taxi''	James L. Brooks, Glen Charles, Les Charles, David Davis, Ed. Weinberger
1982	Won	Emmy Award	Outstanding Comedy Series	''Taxi''	James L. Brooks, Glen Charles, Les Charles, Ken Estin, Howard Gewirtz, Ian Praiser, Richard Sakai, Ed. Weinberger
1983	Won	Emmy Award	Outstanding Comedy Series	''Taxi''	James L. Brooks, Ken Estin, Richard Sakai, Sam Simon, Ed. Weinberger
1992	Won		CINE Golden Eagle	''Monkey House''	Bruce Campbell, Jonathan Goodwill, Allan King, Gordon Mark, Michael MacMillan, Harold Tichenor, Max E. Youngstein
	Nominated	Gemini Awards	Best Writing in a Dramatic Program or Mini-Series	''Glory! Glory!''	Jacqueline Lefèvre
Nominated	Gemini Awards	Best Dramatic Mini-Series	''Glory! Glory!''	Bonny Dore, Jonathan Goodwill, Michael MacMillan, Seaton McLean
1993	Nominated	Gemini Awards	Best Writing in a Dramatic Program or Mini-Series	''Monkey House''

References

External links

Category:1934 births Category:2007 deaths Category:American screenwriters Category:Canadian emigrants to the United States Category:Jewish Canadian writers Category:American people of Canadian-Jewish descent Category:Canadian screenwriters Category:American film producers Category:American television producers Category:American television directors Category:Canadian film producers Category:Canadian television producers Category:Canadian television directors Category:Jewish American writers Category:Naturalized citizens of the United States Category:People from Toronto Category:Emmy Award winners Category:Deaths from myocardial infarction

de:Stan Daniels

Coordinates	12°58′0″N77°34′0″N
name	Mary Tyler Moore
birth date	December 29, 1936
birth place	Brooklyn, New York, U.S.
occupation	Actress
years active	1958–present
spouse	}}

Mary Tyler Moore (born December 29, 1936) is an American actress, primarily known for her roles in television sitcoms. Moore is best known for ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show'' (1970–77), in which she starred as Mary Richards, a 30-something single woman who worked as a local news producer in Minneapolis, and for her earlier role as Laura Petrie (Dick Van Dyke's wife) on ''The Dick Van Dyke Show'' (1961–66). She also appeared in a number of films, most notably 1980's ''Ordinary People'', in which she played a role that was the polar opposite of the television characters she had portrayed, and for which she was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress. Moore has also been active in charity work and various political causes, particularly around the issues of Animal rights and Diabetes mellitus type 1. Mary Tyler Moore has had health problems with diabetes, starting in the late 1960s and alcoholism, which was treated in the 1980s. In May 2011, Moore underwent elective brain surgery to remove a benign meningioma.

Early life

Mary Tyler Moore was born in the Brooklyn Heights section of Brooklyn, New York, of Irish and English descent, to George Tyler Moore, a clerk, and his wife Marjorie Hackett. Her father was Roman Catholic and her mother a Catholic convert. Mary was the eldest of three siblings. Her maternal grandparents were immigrants from England. Her paternal great-grandfather, Lieutenant Colonel Lewis Tilghman Moore, owned the house which is now Stonewall Jackson's Headquarters Museum. Moore's family moved to Los Angeles, when she was eight years old. She attended Saint Rose of Lima, a Catholic school in Brooklyn, followed by St. Ambrose School (Los Angeles) and the Immaculate Heart High School (Los Feliz).

Career

Television

At the age of 17, Moore aspired to be a dancer. She started her career as "Happy Hotpoint", a tiny elf dancing on Hotpoint appliances in TV commercials during the 1950s series ''Ozzie and Harriet''. She filmed 39 TV commercials in five days, ultimately earning about $6,000 from her first job. Her time as "Happy Hotpoint" ended when it became difficult to conceal her pregnancy in the dancing elf costume. Moore modeled anonymously on the covers of a number of record albums and auditioned for the role of the older daughter of Danny Thomas for his long-running TV show, but was turned down. Much later, Thomas explained that "no daughter of mine could have that [little] nose."

Moore's first regular television role was as a mysterious and glamorous telephone receptionist on ''Richard Diamond, Private Detective''. To add to the mystique, only her voice was heard and her shapely legs appeared on camera. About this time, she guest-starred on John Cassavetes's NBC detective series ''Johnny Staccato''. In 1960, she guest starred in two episodes, "The O'Mara's Ladies" and "All The O'Mara's Horses", of the William Bendix-Doug McClure NBC western series, ''Overland Trail''. Several months later, she appeared in the first episode, entitled "One Blonde Too Many", of NBC one-season ''The Tab Hunter Show'', a sitcom starring the former teen idol as a bachelor cartoonist. In 1961, Moore appeared in several big parts in movies and on television, including ''Bourbon Street Beat'', ''77 Sunset Strip'', ''Surfside Six'', ''Wanted: Dead or Alive'', ''Steve Canyon'', ''Hawaiian Eye'', and ''Lock-Up''.

In 1961, Carl Reiner cast her in ''The Dick Van Dyke Show'', an acclaimed weekly series based on Reiner's own life and career as a writer for Sid Caesar's television variety show, telling the cast from the outset that it would run no more than five years. The show was produced by Danny Thomas's company, and Thomas himself recommended her. He remembered Mary as "the girl with three names" whom he had turned down earlier. Moore's energetic comic performances as Van Dyke's character's wife, begun at age 24 (eleven years Van Dyke's junior), made both the actress and her signature tight capri pants extremely popular, and she became internationally famous. When she won an Emmy award for her portrayal of Laura Petrie, she said, "I know this will never happen again." Mary Tyler Moore recently stated on ''The Rachel Ray Show'' that she was actually 23 years old when she first starred on the Dick Van Dyke Show. She had told producers that she was 24 because she heard that initially Dick Van Dyke had stated that she might be too young for the part.

In 1970, after having appeared earlier in a pivotal one-hour musical special called "Dick Van Dyke and the Other Woman", Moore and husband Grant Tinker successfully pitched a sitcom centered on Moore to CBS. ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show'' was a half-hour newsroom sitcom featuring Ed Asner as her gruff boss Lou Grant, a character that would later be spun off into an hour-long dramatic series. The premise of the single working woman's life, alternating during the program between work and home, became a television staple. After six years of ratings in the top 20, the show slipped to number #39 during its seventh season. Producers argued for its cancellation because of its falling ratings, afraid that the show's legacy might be damaged if it were renewed for another season. To the surprise of the entire cast including Mary Tyler Moore herself, it was announced that they would soon be filming their final episode. After the announcement, the series finished strongly and the final show was the most watched show during the week it aired. The 1977 season would go on to win an Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series, to add to the awards it had won in 1975 and 1976. The series had become a touchpoint of the Women's Movement because it was one of the first to show, in a serious way, an independent working woman. After a brief respite, Moore threw herself into a completely different genre. She attempted two unsuccessful series in a row: ''Mary'', which featured David Letterman, Michael Keaton, Swoosie Kurtz and Dick Shawn in the supporting cast and lasted three episodes, which was re-tooled as ''The Mary Tyler Moore Hour'', a backstage show within a show, with Mary portraying a TV star putting on a variety show. To arouse curiosity and nostalgic feelings, Dick Van Dyke appeared as her guest, but the program was canceled within three months. About this time, she also made a one-off musical/variety special for CBS, titled ''Mary's Incredible Dream'', which featured John Ritter, among others. It did poorly in the ratings and, according to Moore, was never repeated and will likely never be aired again because of legal problems surrounding the show.

In the 1985–86 season, she returned to CBS in a series titled ''Mary'', which suffered from poor reviews, sagging ratings, and internal strife within the production crew. According to Moore, she asked CBS to pull the show, as she was unhappy with the direction of the program and the producers. She also starred in the short-lived ''Annie McGuire'' in 1988. In the mid-1990s, she had a cameo and a guest starring role as herself on two episodes of ''Ellen''. She subsequently also guest starred on Ellen DeGeneres's next TV show, ''The Ellen Show'', in 2001. In 2004, Moore reunited with her ''Dick Van Dyke Show'' castmates for a reunion "episode" called ''The Dick Van Dyke Show Revisited''.

In August 2005, Moore guest-starred as Christine St. George, a high-strung host of a fictional TV show on three episodes of Fox sitcom ''That '70s Show''. Moore's scenes were shot on the same soundstage where ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show'' was filmed in the 1970s. Moore made a guest appearance on the season 2 premiere of ''Hot in Cleveland'', which stars her old co-star Betty White. This will mark the first time since 1977 that White and Moore have worked together since ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show''.

Theatre

Moore appeared in several Broadway plays. She starred in ''Whose Life Is It Anyway'' with James Naughton, which opened on Broadway at the Royale Theatre on February 24, 1980 and ran for 96 performances, and in ''Sweet Sue'', which opened at the Music Box Theatre (transferred to the Royale Theatre) on Jan. 8, 1988 and ran for 164 performances. She was the star of a new musical version of ''Breakfast at Tiffany's'' in December 1966, but the show, titled ''Holly Golightly'', was a notorious flop that closed out-of-town before reaching Broadway. In reviews of performances in Philadelphia and Boston, critics "murdered" the play in which Moore claimed to be singing with bronchial pneumonia. During the 1980s, Moore and her production company produced five plays: ''Noises Off'', ''The Octette Bridge Club'', ''Joe Egg'', ''Benefactors'', and ''Safe Sex''. She appeared in previews of the Neil Simon play ''Rose's Dilemma'' at the off-Broadway Manhattan Theatre Club in December 2003 but quit the production after receiving a critical letter from Simon instructing her to "learn your lines or get out of my play". Moore had been using an earpiece on stage to feed her lines to the repeatedly rewritten play.

Movies

Moore made her film debut in 1961's ''X-15''. She subsequently appeared in a string of 1960s films (after signing an exclusive contract with Universal Pictures), including 1967's ''Thoroughly Modern Millie'' with Julie Andrews and 1968's ''What's So Bad About Feeling Good?'' with George Peppard, and ''Don't Just Stand There!''.

In 1969, she starred opposite Elvis Presley as a nun in ''Change of Habit''. Moore's future television castmate Ed Asner also appeared in that film (as a cop). After that film's disappointing reviews and reception at the box office, Moore returned to television, and did not appear in another feature film for eleven years. She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for 1980's ''Ordinary People''. Other feature film credits include ''Just Between Friends'' and ''Flirting with Disaster''.

She has appeared in a number of television movies, including ''Like Mother, Like Son'', ''Run a Crooked Mile'', ''Heartsounds'', ''The Gin Game'' (based on the Broadway play; reuniting her with Dick Van Dyke), ''Mary and Rhoda'', ''Finnegan Begin Again''. and ''Stolen Babies'' for which she won an Emmy Award in 1993.

Author

Moore has written two memoirs. The first, ''After All'', released in 1995, in which she acknowledged that she is a recovering alcoholic. The next, ''Growing Up Again: Life, Loves, and Oh Yeah, Diabetes'', was released on April 1, 2009, and focuses on living with type 1 diabetes (St. Martin's Press; ISBN 10: 0312376316).

Personal life

Family

In 1955, aged 18, she married Richard Carlton Meeker whom Mary described as "the boy next door," and within six weeks was pregnant with her only child, Richard Jr. (born July 3, 1956). Coincidentally, he was known as "Richie," which was also the name of her TV son on ''The Dick Van Dyke Show''. Meeker was also used as Laura's maiden name in an episode of The Dick Van Dyke Show ("Oh How We Met the Night That We Danced" - Season 1/Episode 6), where Rob (an Army sergeant) meets Laura (a USO dancer) for the first time backstage on base. Meeker and Moore divorced in 1961. Moore married Grant Tinker, an NBC executive, in 1962, and in 1970 they formed the television production company MTM Enterprises, which created and produced the company's first television series, ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show''. Moore and Tinker divorced in 1981. She married Dr. Robert Levine on November 23, 1983 at the Pierre Hotel in New York City. They met when her mother was treated by him in New York on a weekend housecall after returning from a visit to the Vatican. In 1980, at the age of 24 Mary's son Richie died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound, accidentally shooting himself in the head while handling a sawed-off shotgun. The gun was later taken off the market because of its "hair trigger". Just prior to his death, Moore had secured a job for him in the CBS mailroom.

Charity work

In addition to her acting work, Moore is the International Chairman of the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International. In this role, she has used her fame to help raise funds and raise awareness of diabetes mellitus type 1, which she has, almost losing her vision and at least one limb to the disease.

In 2007, in honor of Moore's dedication to the Foundation, JDRF created the "Forever Moore" research initiative which will support JDRF's Academic Research and Development and JDRF's Clinical Development Program. The program works on translating basic research advances into new treatments and technologies for those living with type 1 diabetes.

She also adopted a Golden Retriever puppy from Yankee Golden Retriever Rescue in Hudson, Massachusetts. She is an animal rights activist and promoted her cause on the Ellen DeGeneres sitcom ''Ellen''. She has worked for animal rights for many years. She has worked with Farm Sanctuary to raise awareness about the cruelty of factory farming and to promote the compassionate treatment of farm animals.

She is also a co-founder of Broadway Barks, an annual animal adopt-a-thon held in New York City. Moore and friend Bernadette Peters work to make New York City a no-kill city and to promote adopting animals from shelters.

In honor of her father, George Tyler Moore, a life-long American Civil War enthusiast, in 1995 Moore donated funds to acquire an historic structure in Shepherdstown, West Virginia, for Shepherd College (now Shepherd University) to be used as a center for Civil War studies. The center, named the George Tyler Moore Center for the Study of the Civil War is housed in the historic Conrad Shindler house (ca. 1795), which is named in honor of her great-great-great-grandfather, who owned the structure from 1815–52. Moore also contributed to the renovation of the house used as headquarters during 1861–1862 by Major General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson. Use of the house had been offered to Jackson by its owner, Lieutenant Colonel Lewis Tilghman Moore, commander of the 4th Virginia Infantry and a great-grandfather of Mary Tyler Moore.

Moore supports embryonic stem cell research. When President George W. Bush announced that he would veto the Senate's bill supporting the research, she said, "This is an intelligent human being with a heart, and I don't see how much longer he can deny those aspects of himself."

Politics

During the 1960s and 1970s, Moore could have been described more as a liberal or moderate liberal. However, during a 2011 interview with former castmate Ed Asner on the O'Reilly Factor, Asner stated that Moore became "much more conservative at late." In fact, Bill O'Reilly admits that Moore had been a major viewer of his show, which describes how her political views had leaned towards the right in recent years.

Honors

In 1984, she was awarded the ''Women in Film'' Crystal Award. In early May 2002, Moore was present as cable TV network TV Land dedicated a statue in downtown Minneapolis to the television character she made famous on ''Mary Tyler Moore''. The statue is in front of the Dayton's (now Macy's) department store, near the corner of 7th Street and Nicollet Mall. It depicts the iconic moment in the show's opening credits where Moore tosses her tam o'shanter in the air, in a freeze-frame at the end of the montage.

MTM Enterprises

Moore also founded MTM Enterprises, Inc. in 1969. This company produced ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show'' and several other television shows and films. It also included a record label, MTM Records. MTM Enterprises later produced popular American sitcoms and drama television series such as ''Rhoda'' and ''Phyllis'' (both spin-offs from ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show''), ''The Bob Newhart Show'', ''WKRP in Cincinnati'', ''Hill Street Blues'', and ''Newhart''. It was later sold to Television South, an ITV Franchise holder during the 1980s.

Filmography

Television

''Richard Diamond, Private Detective''

''The Tab Hunter Show'' (1960), guest star in the first episode

''Stagecoach'' (1961)

''The Dick Van Dyke Show'' (1961–1966)

''Run a Crooked Mile''

''The Mary Tyler Moore Show'' (1970–1977)

''Rhoda'' (1974–1978)

''Phyllis'' (1976–1977)

''How To Survive the '70s (special)'' (1978)

''Mary'' (1978)

''First, You Cry'' (1978)

''The Mary Tyler Moore Hour'' (1979)

''Heartsounds'' (1984)

''Finnegan Begin Again'' (1985)

''Mary'' (1985–1986)

''Lincoln'' (1988)

''Annie McGuire'' (1988)

''The Last Best Year'' (1990)

''Thanksgiving Day (TV series)'' (1990)

''Stolen Babies'' (1993)

''New York News'' (1995)

''Stolen Memories: Secrets from the Rose Garden'' (1996)

''Ellen'' (1996)

''Payback'' (1997)

''Good as Gold'' (2000)

''Mary and Rhoda'' (2000)

''Like Mother, Like Son'' (2001)

''The Ellen Show'' (2001)

''Miss Lettie and Me'' (2002)

''The Gin Game'' (2003)

''Blessings (TV movie)'' (2003)

''The Dick Van Dyke Show Revisited'' (2004)

''Snow Wonder'' (2005)

''That '70s Show'' (2006)

''Lipstick Jungle'' (2008)

''Oprah'' (May 19, 2008)

''Good Morning America'' (March 31, 2009)

''Hot in Cleveland'' (January 19, 2011)

Film

! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
1958	''Once Upon a Horse...''	Dance Hall Girl	uncredited
1961		Pamela Stewart
1967	''Thoroughly Modern Millie''	Miss Dorothy Brown
1968	''What's So Bad About Feeling Good?''	Liz
1968	''Don't Just Stand There!''	Martine Randall
1969	''Change of Habit''	Sister Michelle Gallagher	Elvis Presley's last nonconcert movie
1980	''Ordinary People''	Beth Jarrett	Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture DramaNominated—Academy Award for Best ActressNominated—BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role
1982	''Six Weeks''	Charlotte Dreyfus
1986	''Just Between Friends''	Holly Davis
1996		Pearl Coplin	Chlotrudis Award for Best Supporting Actress
1996	''''	Granny Rose	voice
1997	''Keys to Tulsa''	Cynthia Boudreau
1998	''Reno Finds Her Mom''	Herself
2000	''Labor Pains''	Esther Raymond
2002		Mrs. Stark
2009		Mom

References

External links

Mary Tyler Moore at TVGuide.com

The Museum of Broadcast Communications biography of Moore

''The Mary Tyler Moore Show'' Online

"Remembering the Dick Van Dyke Show" (Mary Tyler Moore)

Mary Tyler Moore Archive of American Television Interview

Category:1936 births Category:Living people Category:Actors from New York City Category:American film actors Category:American television actors Category:American television producers Category:American stage actors Category:American people of English descent Category:American people of Irish descent Category:Pescetarians Category:Best Drama Actress Golden Globe (film) winners Category:Best Musical or Comedy Actress Golden Globe (television) winners Category:Emmy Award winners Category:People from Brooklyn Category:People from the Greater Los Angeles Area Category:People self-identifying as alcoholics Category:Women comedians Category:Health activists Category:Animal rights advocates

cy:Mary Tyler Moore de:Mary Tyler Moore es:Mary Tyler Moore fr:Mary Tyler Moore gl:Mary Tyler Moore it:Mary Tyler Moore he:מרי טיילר מור nl:Mary Tyler Moore ja:メアリー・タイラー・ムーア no:Mary Tyler Moore pl:Mary Tyler Moore pt:Mary Tyler Moore ru:Мур, Мэри Тайлер simple:Mary Tyler Moore sr:Мери Тајлер Мур sh:Mary Tyler Moore fi:Mary Tyler Moore sv:Mary Tyler Moore tl:Mary Tyler Moore

Coordinates	12°58′0″N77°34′0″N
Colour	#DEDEE2
Name	Henry "Indiana" Jones, Jr.
Series	Indiana Jones
First	''Raiders of the Lost Ark''
Latest	''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull''
Creator	George LucasSteven Spielberg
Portrayer	Films:Harrison Ford (ages 36–58)River Phoenix (age 13)TV series:Neil Boulane (baby)Corey Carrier (ages 8–10)Sean Patrick Flanery (ages 16–21)George Hall (age 93)Video games:Doug Lee (voice)David Esch (voice)
Birthdate	July 1st, 1899
Birthplace	New Jersey (U.S.)
Nickname	IndianaIndyHenri DefenseMungo KidogoCaptain Dynamite, Scourge of the KaiserJonesy
Alma mater	University of Chicago
Occupation	ArchaeologistAssociate deanCollege professorSoldierSpy
Title	DoctorColonel
Education	University of Chicago
Family	Henry Walton Jones, Sr. (father, deceased)Anna Mary Jones (mother, deceased)Susie Jones (sister, deceased)
Spouse	Deirdre Campbell Jones (1926)Marion Ravenwood Jones (1957–present)
Children	Henry Walton "Mutt" Jones IIISon
Relatives	Pete (uncle)Fred (uncle)Grace Jones (aunt)Frank (cousin)Caroline (granddaughter, probably via his daughter)Henry Walton "Spike" Jones IV (grandson, probably via Mutt)Lucy (granddaughter, probably via his daughter)Annie Jones (great-granddaughter, probably via Mutt)Henry Walton "Harry" Jones V (great-grandson, probably via Mutt)
Nationality	American
Religion	Christian}}

Henry Walton "Indiana" Jones, Jr., Ph.D. is the central protagonist of the ''Indiana Jones'' franchise. George Lucas and Steven Spielberg created the character in homage to the action heroes of 1930s film serials. The character first appeared in the 1981 film ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'', to be followed by ''Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom'' in 1984, ''Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade'' in 1989, ''The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles'' from 1992 to 1996, and ''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull'' in 2008. Alongside the more widely known films and television programs, the character is also featured in novels, comics, video games, and other media. Jones is also featured in the theme park attraction ''Indiana Jones Adventure'', which exists in similar forms at Disneyland and Tokyo DisneySea.

Jones is most famously played by Harrison Ford and has also been portrayed by River Phoenix (as the young Jones in ''The Last Crusade''), and in the television series ''The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles'' by Corey Carrier, Sean Patrick Flanery, and George Hall. Doug Lee has supplied Jones's voice to two LucasArts video games, ''Indiana Jones and the Fate of Atlantis'' and ''Indiana Jones and the Infernal Machine'', while David Esch supplied his voice to ''Indiana Jones and the Emperor's Tomb''.

Particularly notable facets of the character include his iconic look (bullwhip, fedora, and leather jacket), sense of humor, deep knowledge of many ancient civilizations and languages, and fear of snakes.

Indiana Jones remains one of cinema's most revered movie characters. In 2003, he was ranked as the second greatest movie hero of all time by the American Film Institute. He was also named the sixth greatest movie character by ''Empire'' magazine. ''Entertainment Weekly'' ranked Indy 2nd on their list of ''The All-Time Coolest Heroes in Pop Culture''. ''Premiere'' magazine also placed Indy at number 7 on their list of ''The 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time''. Since his first appearance in ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'', he has become a worldwide star. On their list of the ''100 Greatest Fictional Characters'', Fandomania.com ranked Indy at number 10. In 2010, he ranked #2 on ''Time'' Magazine's list of the greatest fictional characters of all time, surpassed only by Sherlock Holmes.

Appearances

Indiana Jones, played by Harrison Ford, was first introduced in the 1981 film ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'', set in 1936. The character is presented as an adventurer reminiscent of the 1930s film serial treasure hunters and pulp action heroes, whose research is funded by Marshall College (named after producer Frank Marshall) a fictional college in Connecticut, where he is a professor of archaeology. His students are predominantly female. In this first adventure, he is pitted against the Nazis, traveling the world to prevent them from recovering the Ark of the Covenant (see also Biblical archaeology). He is aided by Marion Ravenwood and Sallah. The Nazis are led by Jones's archrival, a Nazi-sympathizing French archaeologist named René Belloq, and Arnold Toht, a sinister Gestapo agent.

The 1984 prequel, ''Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom'', set in 1935, took the character into a more horror-oriented story, skipping his legitimate teaching job and globe trotting, and taking place almost entirely in India. This time, Jones attempts to recover children and the Sankara stones from the bloodthirsty Thuggee cult. He is aided by Short Round and accompanied by Willie Scott (Kate Capshaw).

The third film, 1989's ''Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade'', set in 1938, returned to the formula of the original, reintroducing characters such as Sallah and Marcus Brody, a scene from Professor Jones's classroom (he now teaches at Barnett College), the globe trotting element of multiple locations, and the return of the infamous Nazi mystics, this time trying to find the Holy Grail. The film's introduction, set in 1912, provided some back story to the character, specifically the origin of his fear of snakes, his use of a bullwhip, the scar on his chin, and his hat; the film's epilogue also reveals that "Indiana" is not Jones's first name, but a nickname he took from the family dog. The film was a buddy movie of sorts, teaming Jones with his father, often to comical effect. Although Lucas intended at the time to do five films, this ended up being the last for over eighteen years, as Lucas could not think of a good plot element to drive the next installment.

The 2008 film, ''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull'', became the latest film in the series. Set in 1957, 19 years after the third film, it pits an older, wiser Indiana Jones against Soviet agents bent on harnessing the power of a crystal skull discovered in South America by his former colleague Harold Oxley (John Hurt). He is aided in his adventure by an old lover, Marion Ravenwood (Karen Allen), and her son—a young greaser named Henry "Mutt" Williams (Shia LaBeouf), later revealed to be his biological child, Henry Jones III. There were rumors that LaBeouf will take over the Indy franchise. This film also reveals that Jones was recruited by the Office of Strategic Services (a predecessor department to the CIA) during World War II, attaining the rank of Colonel and running covert operations with MI6 agent George McHale on the Soviet Union.

Television

From 1992 to 1996, George Lucas executive-produced a television series named ''The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles'', which was designed as an educational program for children, spotlighting historical figures and important events, using the concept of a prequel to the films as a draw. The show featured a standard formula of a 93-year-old Jones (George Hall), wearing an eye patch, introducing a story, and then an adventure with either a 17-year-old Jones (Sean Patrick Flanery) or a 10-year-old Jones (Corey Carrier), and even a baby Indy (Neil Boulane). Historical figures featured on the show include Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Leo Tolstoy, Pancho Villa, Charles de Gaulle, Elliot Ness, Ernest Hemingway, Patrick Pearse, Vladimir Lenin, T. E. Lawrence, Winston Churchill, Herman Göring, Theodore Roosevelt, Manfred von Richthofen, and John Ford, in such diverse locations as Egypt, Austria-Hungary, India, China, and the whole of Europe.

One episode, "Young Indiana Jones and the Mystery of the Blues", is bookended by Harrison Ford, reprising his role as the character. Indiana loses one of his eyes sometime between 1957 and when the "Old Indy" segments take place.

The show provided some backstory for the films, as well as new information regarding the character. He was born July 1, 1899, and his middle name is Walton (Lucas's middle name). It is also mentioned that he had a sister called Suzie who died as an infant of fever, and that he eventually has a daughter and grandchildren who appear in some episode introductions and epilogues. His relationship with his father, first introduced in ''Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade'', was further fleshed out with stories about his travels with his father as a young boy. A large portion of the series centered around his activities during World War I.

In 1999, Lucas removed the episode introductions and epilogues by George Hall for the VHS and DVD releases, as he re-edited the episodes into chronologically ordered feature-length stories. The series title was also changed to ''The Adventures of Young Indiana Jones''.

Video games

The character has appeared in several officially licensed games, including Lego Indiana Jones video games, beginning with adaptations of ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'', ''Temple of Doom'', two adaptations of ''The Last Crusade'' (one with purely action mechanics, one with an adventure and puzzle based structure) and Indiana Jones' Greatest Adventures which included the storylines from all three of the original films.

Following this, the games branched off into original storylines with Indiana Jones in the Lost Kingdom, ''Indiana Jones and the Fate of Atlantis'', ''Indiana Jones and the Infernal Machine'', ''Indiana Jones and the Emperor's Tomb'' and ''Indiana Jones and the Staff of Kings''. ''Emperor's Tomb'' sets up Jones's companion Wu Han and the search for Nurhaci's ashes seen at the beginning of ''Temple of Doom''. The first two games were developed by Hal Barwood and starred Doug Lee as the voice of Indiana Jones; ''Emperor's Tomb'' had David Esch fill the role and ''Staff of Kings'' starred John Armstrong.

There is also a small game from Lucas Arts ''Indiana Jones and His Desktop Adventures''. A video game was made for young Indy called ''Young Indiana Jones and the Instruments of Chaos'', as well as a video game version of ''The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles''.

Two Lego Indiana Jones games have also been released. ''Lego Indiana Jones: The Original Adventures'' was released in 2008 and follows the plots of the first three films. It was followed by ''LEGO Indiana Jones 2: The Adventure Continues'' in late 2009. The sequel includes an abbreviated reprise of the first three films, but focuses on the plot of ''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull''.

Indiana Jones has also made cameo appearances as an unlockable character in the games ''Mercenaries: Playground of Destruction'' and ''Lego Star Wars: The Complete Saga''.

Theme parks

Indiana Jones is featured at several Walt Disney theme park attractions. The Indiana Jones Adventure attractions at Disneyland and Tokyo DisneySea ("Temple of the Forbidden Eye" and "Temple of the Crystal Skull," respectively) place Indy at the forefront of two similar archaeological discoveries. These two temples each contain a wrathful deity who threatens the guests who ride through in World War II troop transports. The attractions, some of the most expensive of their kind at the time, opened in 1995 and 2001, respectively, with sole design credit attributed to Walt Disney Imagineering. Disney did not license Harrison Ford's likeness for the North American version; nevertheless, a differentiated Indiana Jones audio-animatronic character appears at three points in both attractions. However, the Indiana Jones featured in the DisneySea version does use Harrison Ford's likeness but uses Japanese audio for all of his speaking parts. In 2010, some of the Indy audio-animatronics at the Disneyland version have been replaced and now resemble Ford.

Disneyland Resort Paris also features an Indiana Jones-titled ride where people speed off through ancient ruins in a runaway mine wagon similar to that found in ''Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom''. ''Indiana Jones and the Temple of Peril'' is a looping roller coaster engineered by Intamin AG, designed by Walt Disney Imagineering, and opened in 1993.

The ''Indiana Jones Epic Stunt Spectacular!'' is a live show that has been presented in the Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park of the Walt Disney World Resort with few changes since the park's 1989 opening under a different name. The 25-minute show presents various stunts framed in the context of a feature film production, and recruits members of the audience to participate in the show. Stunt artists in the show re-create and ultimately reveal some of the secrets of the stunts of the ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' films, including the well-known "running-from-the-boulder" scene. Stunt performer Anislav Varbanov was fatally injured in August 2009, while rehearsing the popular show. Also at Disney's Hollywood Studios, an audio-animatronic Indiana Jones appears in another attraction; during the The Great Movie Ride's ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' segment.

Character description and formation

In his role as a college professor of archaeology, Henry Jones Jr. is scholarly and learned in a tweed suit, lecturing on ancient civilizations. In Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull, it is revealed that Jones is influenced by the Marxist Archaeologist, Vere Gordon Childe, whose qualified acceptance of cultural diffusionism theory he propounds. Ironically, though Childe loathes fieldwork, Indy goes on to say, "If you want to be a good archaeologist, you gotta get out of the library." This is in tongue-in-cheek contrast to the previous film's comment, "Seventy percent of all archaeology is done in the library."

However, at the opportunity to recover important artifacts, Dr. Jones transforms into "Indiana," a "non-superhero superhero" image he has concocted for himself. Producer Frank Marshall said, "Indy [is] a fallible character. He makes mistakes and gets hurt. [...] That's the other thing people like: He's a real character, not a character with superpowers." Spielberg said there "was the willingness to allow our leading man to get hurt and to express his pain and to get his mad out and to take pratfalls and sometimes be the butt of his own jokes. I mean, Indiana Jones is not a perfect hero, and his imperfections, I think, make the audience feel that, with a little more exercise and a little more courage, they could be just like him." According to Spielberg biographer Douglas Brode, Indiana created his heroic figure so as to escape the dullness of teaching at a school. Both of Indiana's personas reject one another in philosophy, creating a duality. Harrison Ford said the fun of playing the character was because Indiana is both a romantic and a cynic, while scholars have analyzed Indiana as having traits of a lone wolf; a man on a quest; a noble treasure hunter; a hardboiled detective; a human superhero; and an American patriot.

Like many characters in his films, Jones has some autobiographical elements of Spielberg. Indiana lacks a proper father figure because of his strained relationship with his father, Henry Senior. His own contained anger is misdirected at the likes of Professor Abner Ravenwood, his mentor at the University of Chicago, leading to a strained relationship with Marion Ravenwood. The teenage Indiana bases his own look on a figure from the prologue of ''Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade'', after being given his hat. Marcus Brody acts as Indiana's positive role model at the college. Indiana's own insecurities are made worse by the absence of his mother. In ''Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom'', the character becomes the father in a temporary family unit with Willie Scott and Short Round to survive. Indiana is rescued from the evil of Kali by Short Round's dedication. Indiana also saves many children from slavery.

Because of Indiana's strained relationship with his father, who was absent much of Indiana's youth searching for the Holy Grail, the character does not pursue the more spiritual aspects of the cultures he studies. Indiana uses his knowledge of Shiva to ultimately defeat Mola Ram. In ''Raiders'', however, he is wise enough to close his eyes in the presence of God in the Ark of the Covenant. By contrast, his rival Rene Belloq dies horribly for having the audacity to try to communicate directly with God.

In ''Crusade'''s prologue, Indiana's intentions are revealed as prosocial, as he believes artifacts "belong in a museum." In the film's climax, Indiana undergoes "literal" tests of faith to retrieve the Grail and save his father's life. He also remembers Jesus as a historical figure – a humble carpenter – rather than an exalted figure when he recognizes the simple nature and tarnished appearance of the real Grail amongst a large assortment of much more ornately decorated ones. Henry Senior rescues his son from falling to his death when reaching for the fallen Grail, telling him to "let it go," overcoming his mercenary nature. ''The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles'' explains how Indiana becomes solitary and less idealistic after fighting in World War I. In ''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull'', Jones is older and wiser, whereas his sidekicks Mutt and Mac are youthfully arrogant and greedy, respectively.

Origins and inspirations

Indiana Jones is modeled after the strong-jawed heroes of the matinée serials and pulp magazines that George Lucas and Steven Spielberg enjoyed in their childhoods (such as the Republic Pictures serials, and the Doc Savage series). Sir H. Rider Haggard's safari guide/big game hunter Allan Quatermain of ''King Solomon's Mines'', who dates back to 1885, is a notable template for Jones. The two friends first discussed the project in Hawaii around the time of the release of the first ''Star Wars'' film. Spielberg told Lucas how he wanted his next project to be something fun, like perhaps a James Bond film. According to sources, Lucas responded to the effect that he had something "even better," or that he "got that beat."

The other clear basis for "Indiana" Jones is Professor Challenger, Professor George Challenger, created by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle in 1912 for his novel, ''The Lost World''. Doyle based Prof. Challenger on his old physiology professor, Sir William Rutherford. As an adventuring academic, albeit a zoologist/anthropologist, Professor Challenger is the clear and singular inspiration for "Indiana" Jones. However, it appears the primary source for Indiana Jones was Charlton Heston's character of Harry Steele in "Secret of the Incas", Paramount, 1954.

The character was originally named "Indiana Smith" (perhaps in a nod to the 1966 Western film ''Nevada Smith''), after an Alaskan Malamute Lucas owned in the 1970s ("Indiana"); however, Spielberg disliked the name "Smith," and Lucas casually suggested "Jones" as an alternative based off the archaeologist Vendell Jones. Costume designer Deborah Nadoolman Landis said the inspiration for Indiana's outfit was Charlton Heston's Harry Steele in ''Secret of the Incas'': "We did watch this film together as a crew several times, and I always thought it strange that the filmmakers did not credit it later as the inspiration for the series."

Upon requests by Spielberg and Lucas, the costume designer gave the character a distinctive silhouette through the styling of the hat; after examining many hats, the designers chose a tall-crowned, wide-brimmed fedora. As a documentary of ''Raiders'' pointed out, the hat served a practical purpose. Following the lead of the old "B"-movies that inspired the ''Indiana Jones'' series, the fedora hid the actor's face sufficiently to allow doubles to perform the more dangerous stunts seamlessly. Examples in ''Raiders'' include the wider-angle shot of Indy and Marion crashing a statue through a wall, and Indy sliding under a fast-moving vehicle from front to back. Thus it was necessary for the hat to stay in place much of the time.

The hat became so iconic that the filmmakers could only come up with very good reasons or jokes to remove it. If it ever fell off during a take, filming would have to stop to put it back on. In jest, Ford put a stapler against his head to stop his from falling off when a documentary crew visited during shooting of ''The Last Crusade''. This created the urban legend that Ford stapled the hat to his head. Although other hats were also used throughout the movies, the general style and profile remained the same. Elements of the outfit include: The fedora was supplied by Herbert Johnson Hatters in England for the first three films. It was referred to as "The Australian Model" by costume designer Deborah Nadoolman Landis and was fitted with a Petersham bow. Indy's fedora for ''Crystal Skull'' was made by Steve Delk and Marc Kitter of the Adventurebilt Hat Company.

The leather jacket, a hybrid of the "Type 440" and the A-2 jacket, were made by Leather Concessionaires (now known as Wested Leather Co) for ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'' and ''The Last Crusade''. For ''Temple of Doom'', jackets were made in-house at Bermans & Nathans in London based on a stunt jacket they provided for Raiders of The Lost Ark. Tony Nowak made the jacket in ''Kingdom of the Crystal Skull''.

The bag was a modified Mark VII British gas mask bag, usually worn under the jacket with the exception of Crystal Skull where the bag was inexplicably worn over the jacket.

The whip was a bullwhip crafted by David Morgan for the first three films. The whips for ''Crystal Skull'' were crafted by a variety of people, including Terry Jacka, Joe Strain and Morgan (different lengths and styles were likely used in specific stunts). The pistol was usually a World War I-era revolver, including the Webley Government (''Last Crusade'' and ''Crystal Skull''), or a .45 ACP Smith & Wesson Hand Ejector 2nd model revolver (''Raiders''). He has also used an M1917 revolver (''Temple of Doom''), a Nagant M1895 (''Young Indiana Jones''), and a 9 mm Browning Hi-Power (''Raiders''). The weapon is carried in a military pattern flap holster. The shoes were made by Alden. A stock style that had been a favorite of Ford's before the movies, they are still sold today (though in a redder (brick) shade of brown than seen in the movies) and are popularly known as "Indy Boots."

Jones's fedora and leather jacket (as used in ''The Last Crusade'') are on display at the Smithsonian's American History Museum in Washington, D.C. The collection of props and clothing from the films has become a thriving hobby for some aficionados of the franchise. Jones' whip was the third most popular film weapon, as shown by a 2008 poll held by 20th Century Fox, which surveyed approximately two thousand film fans.

Casting

Originally, Spielberg suggested Harrison Ford; Lucas resisted the idea, since he had already cast the actor in three of his movies (''American Graffiti'', ''Star Wars'', and ''The Empire Strikes Back''), and did not want Ford to become known as his "Bobby De Niro" (in reference to the fact that fellow director Martin Scorsese regularly cast Robert De Niro in his films). During an intensive casting process, Lucas and Spielberg auditioned many actors, and finally cast then little-known actor Tom Selleck as Indiana Jones. Shortly afterward pre-production began in earnest on ''Raiders of the Lost Ark''.

However, CBS refused to release Selleck from his contractual commitment to ''Magnum, P.I.'' (which was gradually gaining momentum in the ratings), forcing him to turn down the role. One of CBS's concerns was that shooting for ''Magnum P.I.'' conflicted with shooting for ''Raiders'', both of which were to begin about the same time. However, Selleck was to say later in an interview that shooting for ''Magnum P.I.'' was delayed and did not actually begin until shooting for ''Raiders'' had concluded. Sadly for Selleck, he could have finished his participation in ''Raiders'' and still had time to return for ''Magnum''.

After Spielberg suggested Ford again, Lucas gave in, and Ford was cast in the role less than three weeks before filming of ''Raiders'' began.

Models

Many people are said to be the real-life inspiration of the Indiana Jones character—although none of the following have been confirmed as inspirations by George Lucas or Steven Spielberg. There are some suggestions, listed here In alphabetical order by last name: Beloit College professor and paleontologist Roy Chapman Andrews. Italian archaeologist and circus strongman Giovanni Battista Belzoni (1778–1823). Yale University professor, historian, and explorer Hiram Bingham III, who rediscovered and excavated the lost city of Machu Picchu, and chronicled his find in the bestselling book ''The Lost City of the Incas'' in 1948. University of Chicago archaeologist Robert Braidwood. University of Chicago archaeologist James Henry Breasted. The British archaeologist Percy Fawcett, who spent much of his life exploring the jungles of northern Brazil, and who was last seen in 1925 returning to the Amazon Basin to look for the Lost City Of Z. A fictionalized version of Fawcett appears to Jones in the book ''Indiana Jones And The Seven Veils''. British archaeologist and soldier T. E. Lawrence. The Northwestern University anthropologist, professor and adventurer William Montgomery McGovern. Frederick Albert Mitchell-Hedges. German archaeologist Otto Rahn.

George Lucas has said on various occasions that Sean Connery's portrayal of British secret agent James Bond was one of the primary inspirations for Jones, a reason Connery was chosen for the role of Indiana's father in the third film, ''Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade''.

Influence

Though some archaeologists criticize Indy's methods as befitting a "looter" rather more than a careful worker of precious sites, many have adopted the popular figure as something of a standard-bearer for their profession. The industry magazine ''Archaeology'', believing that Jones, as one editor said, was "a horrible archaeologist but a great diplomat for archaeology," named eight past and current archaeologists who they felt "embodied [Jones'] spirit" as recipients of the "Indy Spirit Awards" in 2008. That same year Ford himself was elected to the Board of Directors of the Archaeological Institute of America. Commenting that "understanding the past can only help us in dealing with the present and the future," Ford was praised by the association's president for his character's "significant role in stimulating the public's interest in archaeological exploration."

While himself a homage to various prior adventurers, aspects of Indiana Jones also directly influenced some subsequent characterizations: Lara Croft, the female archaeologist of the ''Tomb Raider'' franchise, was originally designed as a man, but was changed to a woman, partly because the developers felt that the original design was too similar to Indiana Jones. Paramount Pictures, which distributed the Indiana Jones film series, would later make two films based on the ''Tomb Raider'' games.

Nathan Drake, The main protagonist of the Uncharted Video game series.

''Prince of Persia'' producer Ben Mattes explained that their "inspiration was anything Harrison Ford has ever done: Indiana Jones, Han Solo." The video game series ''Uncharted'' is also very heavily influenced by Indiana Jones, as well as some of the influences that led to Indiana Jones himself, such as pulp magazines and movie serials. The design team felt the sources shared themes of mystery and "what-if scenarios" that romanticized adventure and aimed to include those in ''Uncharted''.

Jack West Jr, a character featured in 3 Matthew Reilly books, (''Seven Ancient Wonders'', ''The Six Sacred Stones'' and ''The Five Greatest Warriors'') is heavily influenced by Indiana Jones. Reilly himself is a big fan of George Lucas.

Rick O'Connell of ''The Mummy'' and its sequels.

Ben Franklin Gates of the ''National Treasure'' film series.

In the game ''World of Warcraft'' there is an NPC named Harrison Jones, a reference to Indiana Jones and the actor Harrison Ford. This NPC teaches Archaeology to the character, making them able to find ancient treasures around the world. Furthermore, the game area Uldum has numerous playable quests with Harrison Jones as the main character, which contain a number of lines and references from ''Raiders of the Lost Ark''.

The Tia Carrere television show ''Relic Hunter''.

Robert Langdon from such Dan Brown novels as ''Angels & Demons'', ''The Da Vinci Code'', and ''The Lost Symbol'', adapted for cinema.

References

External links

IndianaJones.com – the official Indiana Jones site

The Indiana Jones Wiki – A wiki devoted to ''Indiana Jones''

Category:Fictional characters introduced in 1981 Category:Fictional archaeologists Category:Fictional characters from New Jersey Category:Fictional professors Category:Fictional American people of Scottish descent Category:Fictional secret agents and spies Category:Fictional colonels Category:Child characters in television Category:Fictional World War I veterans Category:Fictional World War II veterans Category:Indiana Jones characters

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Coordinates	12°58′0″N77°34′0″N
name	Farrah Fawcett
birth name	Ferrah Leni Fawcett
birth date	February 02, 1947
birth place	Corpus Christi, Texas, United States
death date	June 25, 2009
death place	Santa Monica, California, United States
death cause	Anal cancer
resting place	Westwood Village Memorial Park
religion	Roman Catholic
other names	Farrah Fawcett-Majors
occupation	Actress
years active	1969–2009
spouse	Lee Majors(1973–1982, divorced)
partner	Ryan O'Neal (1979–1997; 2001–2009, her death)
children	Redmond O'Neal (b.1985)
website
nationality	American
residence	California
television	''Charlie's Angels''
alma mater	}}

Farrah Fawcett (February 2, 1947 – June 25, 2009) was an American actress and artist. A multiple Golden Globe and Emmy Award nominee, Fawcett rose to international fame when she first appeared as private investigator Jill Munroe in the first season of the television series ''Charlie's Angels'', in 1976. Fawcett later appeared Off-Broadway to critical approval and in highly rated and critically acclaimed television movies, in roles often challenging (''The Burning Bed''; ''Nazi Hunter: The Beate Klarsfeld Story''; ''Poor Little Rich Girl: The Barbara Hutton Story''; ''Margaret Bourke-White'') and sometimes unsympathetic (''Small Sacrifices''). Fawcett was a sex symbol whose iconic poster, released the same year ''Charlie's Angels'' premiered, broke sales records, making her an international pop culture icon. Her hairstyle was emulated by millions of young women in the 1970s and 1980s.

Early life

Ferrah Leni Fawcett was born in Corpus Christi, Texas, the younger of two daughters. Her mother, Pauline Alice (née Evans; January 30, 1914 - March 4, 2005), was a homemaker, and her father, James William Fawcett (October 14, 1917 - August 23, 2010), was an oil field contractor. Her sister was Diane Fawcett Walls (October 27, 1938 - October 16, 2001), a graphic artist. She was of Irish, French, English, and Choctaw Native American ancestry. Fawcett once said the name "Ferrah" was "made up" by her mother because it went well with their last name; she later changed the spelling.

A Roman Catholic, Fawcett's early education was at the parish school of the church her family attended, St. Patrick's Roman Catholic Church in Corpus Christi. She graduated from W. B. Ray High School in Corpus Christi, where she was voted "Most Beautiful" by her classmates in 1965. For three years, 1965–68, Fawcett attended the University of Texas at Austin, living one semester in Jester Center, and she became a sister of Delta Delta Delta Sorority. During her sophomore year, she appeared in a photo of the "Ten Most Beautiful Coeds" from the university, which ran in ''Cashbox'' magazine. A Hollywood publicist saw the photo, called Fawcett and over the course of a year urged her to move to Los Angeles, which she did the summer following her junior year, with her parents' permission to "try her luck" in Hollywood over the course of the summer. She did not return.

Career

Early career

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Fawcett appeared in television commercials for consumer products, starting with her selection as a Breck Girl for Breck Shampoo, and moving on to other products including Noxzema face cleanser, Ultra Brite toothpaste, Wella Balsam shampoo, and the 1975 Mercury Cougar. Beginning in 1978, after achieving television stardom, she developed her own brand of hair care products, marketed by Fabergé, for which she appeared in a series of commercials and print ads.

Fawcett's first television series appearance was a guest spot on ''I Dream of Jeannie'' in the 1968–1969 season, followed by guest appearances in ''Owen Marshall: Counselor at Law'' and ''The Partridge Family''. She later appeared in ''The Six Million Dollar Man'' with Lee Majors, which first aired in 1974, ''The Dating Game'', and several episodes of ''Harry O'' alongside David Janssen.

She appeared in a bit part on the critically panned movie ''Myra Breckinridge'' in 1970. Her next movie appearance was on the well-received science-fiction movie ''Logan's Run'' in 1976.

In 1976, Pro Arts Inc., pitched the idea of a poster of Fawcett to her agent, and a photo shoot was arranged with photographer Bruce McBroom, who was hired by the poster company. According to friend Nels Van Patten, Fawcett styled her own hair and did her make-up without the aid of a mirror. Her blonde highlights were further heightened by a squeeze of lemon juice. From 40 rolls of film, Farrah herself selected her six favorite pictures, eventually narrowing her choice to the one that made her famous. The resulting poster, of Farrah in a one-piece red bathing suit, was a best-seller; sales estimates ranged from over 5 million to 8 million to as high as 12 million copies. Fawcett, generally acknowledged as a shrewd businesswoman, retained ownership of the image and made millions of dollars on sales of the poster alone.

''Charlie's Angels''

On March 21, 1976, the first appearance of Fawcett playing the character Jill Munroe in ''Charlie's Angels'' was aired as a movie of the week. Fawcett and her husband were frequent tennis partners of producer Aaron Spelling, and he and his producing partner thought of casting Fawcett as the "golden girl" Jill because of his friendship with the couple. The movie starred Kate Jackson, Jaclyn Smith and Fawcett (then billed as Farrah Fawcett-Majors) as private investigators for Townsend Associates, a detective agency run by a reclusive multi-millionaire whom the women had never met. Voiced by John Forsythe, the Charles Townsend character presented cases and dispensed advice via a speakerphone to his core team of three female employees, whom he referred to as "Angels." They were aided in the office and occasionally in the field by two male associates, played by character actors David Doyle and David Ogden Stiers. The program earned a huge Nielsen rating, leading the network to air it a second time and approve production for a series, with the pilot's principal cast except David Ogden Stiers.

The Charlie's Angels series formally debuted on September 22, 1976. Fawcett emerged as a fan favorite in the show, and the actress won a People's Choice Award for ''Favorite Performer in a New TV Program''. In a 1977 interview with ''TV Guide'', Fawcett said: "When the show was number three, I thought it was our acting. When we got to be number one, I decided it could only be because none of us wears a bra".

Fawcett's appearance in the television show boosted sales of her poster, and she earned far more in royalties from poster sales than from her salary for appearing in ''Charlie's Angels''. Her hairstyle went on to become an international trend, with women sporting a "Farrah Do" or "Farrah Hair." Iterations of her hair style predominated American women's hair styles well into the 1980s.

Fawcett left ''Charlie's Angels'' after only one season and Cheryl Ladd replaced her on the show, portraying Jill's younger sister Kris Munroe. Numerous explanations for Fawcett's precipitous withdrawal from the show were offered over the years. The strain on her marriage due to her long absences most days due to filming, as her then-husband Lee Majors was star of an established television show himself, was frequently cited, but Fawcett's ambitions to broaden her acting abilities with opportunities in films have also been given. Fawcett never officially signed her series contract with Spelling due to protracted negotiations over royalties from her image's use in peripheral products, which led to an even more protracted lawsuit filed by Spelling and his company when she quit the show.

The show was a major success throughout the world, maintaining its appeal in syndication, spawning a cottage industry of peripheral products, particularly in the show's first three seasons, including several series of bubble gum cards, two sets of fashion dolls, numerous posters, puzzles, and school supplies, novelizations of episodes, toy vans, and a board game, all featuring Fawcett's likeness. The "Angels" also appeared on the covers of magazines around the world, from countless fan magazines to ''TV Guide'' (four times) to ''Time Magazine.''

The series ultimately ran for five seasons. As part of a settlement to a lawsuit over her early departure, Fawcett returned for six guest appearances over seasons three and four of the series.

In 2004, the television movie ''Behind the Camera: The Unauthorized Story of Charlie's Angels'' dramatized the events from the show with supermodel and actress Tricia Helfer portraying Fawcett and Ben Browder portraying Lee Majors, Fawcett's then-husband.

Dramatic roles

In 1983, Fawcett won critical acclaim for her role in the Off-Broadway stage production of the controversial play ''Extremities'', written by William Mastrosimone. Replacing Susan Sarandon, she was a would-be rape victim who turns the tables on her attacker. She described the role as "the most grueling, the most intense, the most physically demanding and emotionally exhausting" of her career. During one performance, a stalker in the audience disrupted the show by asking Fawcett if she had received the photos and letters he had mailed her. Police removed the man and were able only to issue a summons for disorderly conduct.

The following year, her role as a battered wife in the fact-based television movie ''The Burning Bed'' earned her the first of her four Emmy Award nominations. The project is noted as being the first television movie to provide a nationwide 800 number that offered help for others in the situation, in this case victims of domestic abuse. It was the highest-rated television movie of the season.

In 1986, Fawcett appeared in the movie version of ''Extremities'', which was also well-received by critics, and for which she received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Performance by an Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama.

She appeared in Jon Avnet's ''Between Two Women'' with Colleen Dewhurst, and took several more dramatic roles as infamous or renowned women. She was nominated for Golden Globe awards for roles as Beate Klarsfeld in ''Nazi Hunter: The Beate Klarsfeld Story'' and troubled Woolworth heiress Barbara Hutton in ''Poor Little Rich Girl: The Barbara Hutton Story'', and won a CableACE Award for her 1989 portrayal of groundbreaking ''Life'' magazine photojournalist Margaret Bourke-White. Her 1989 portrayal of convicted murderer Diane Downs in the miniseries ''Small Sacrifices'' earned her a second ''Emmy nomination'' and her sixth Golden Globe Award nomination. The miniseries won a Peabody Award for excellence in television, with Fawcett's performance singled out by the organization, which stated "Ms. Fawcett brings a sense of realism rarely seen in television miniseries (to) a drama of unusual power".

Art meets life

Fawcett, who had steadfastly resisted appearing nude in magazines throughout the 1970s and 1980s (although she appeared topless in the 1980 film ''Saturn 3''), caused a major stir by posing semi-nude in the December 1995 issue of ''Playboy''. At the age of 50, she returned to ''Playboy'' with a pictorial for the July 1997 issue, which also became a top seller. The issue and its accompanying video featured Fawcett painting on canvas using her body, which had been an ambition of hers for years.

That same year, Fawcett was chosen by Robert Duvall to play his wife in an independent feature film he was producing, ''The Apostle.'' Fawcett received an Independent Spirit Award nomination as Best Actress for the film, which was highly critically acclaimed.

In 2000, she worked with director Robert Altman and an all-star cast in the feature film ''Dr. T & the Women,'' playing the wife of Richard Gere (her character has a mental breakdown, leading to her first fully nude appearance). Also that year, Fawcett's collaboration with sculptor Keith Edmier was exhibited at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, later traveling to The Andy Warhol Museum. The sculpture was also presented in a series of photographs and a book by Rizzoli.

In November 2003, Fawcett prepared for her return to Broadway in a production of ''Bobbi Boland'', the tragicomic tale of a former Miss Florida. However, the show never officially opened, closing before preview performances. Fawcett was described as "vibrating with frustration" at the producer's extraordinary decision to cancel the production. Only days earlier the same producer closed an Off-Broadway show she had been backing.

Fawcett continued to work in television, with well-regarded appearances in made-for-television movies and on popular television series including ''Ally McBeal'' and four episodes each of ''Spin City'' and ''The Guardian,'' her work on the latter show earning her a third Emmy nomination in 2004.

Personal life

Fawcett was married to Lee Majors, star of television's ''The Six Million Dollar Man'', from 1973 to 1982, although the couple separated in 1979. During her marriage, she was known and credited in her roles as Farrah Fawcett-Majors.

From 1979 until 1997 Fawcett was involved romantically with actor Ryan O'Neal. The relationship produced a son, Redmond James Fawcett O'Neal, born January 30, 1985 in Los Angeles. In April 2009, on probation for driving under the influence, Redmond was arrested for possession of narcotics while Fawcett was in the hospital. On 22 June 2009, The ''Los Angeles Times'' and Reuters reported that Ryan O'Neal had said that Fawcett had agreed to marry him as soon as she felt strong enough.

From 1997 to 1998, Fawcett had a relationship with Canadian filmmaker James Orr, writer and producer of the Disney feature film in which she co-starred with Chevy Chase, ''Man of the House''. The relationship ended when Orr was charged with and later convicted of beating Fawcett during a 1998 fight between the two.

On June 5, 1997, Fawcett received negative commentary after giving a rambling interview and appearing distracted on ''Late Show with David Letterman''. Months later, she told the host of ''The Howard Stern Show'' her behavior was just her way of joking around with the television host, partly in the guise of promoting her ''Playboy'' pictoral and video, explaining what appeared to be random looks across the theater was just her looking and reacting to fans in the audience. Though the Letterman appearance spawned speculation and several jokes at her expense, she returned to the show a week later, with success, and several years later, after Joaquin Phoenix's mumbling act on a February 2009 appearance on ''The Late Show,'' Letterman wrapped up the interview by saying, "Joaquin, I'm sorry you couldn't be here tonight" and recalled Fawcett's earlier appearance by noting "[w]e owe an apology to Farrah Fawcett."

Fawcett's elder sister, Diane Fawcett Walls, died from lung cancer just before her 63rd birthday, on October 16, 2001. The fifth episode of her 2005 ''Chasing Farrah'' series, which was generally panned by critics, followed the actress home to Texas to visit with her father, James, and mother, Pauline. Pauline Fawcett died soon after, on March 4, 2005, at the age of 91.

Cancer

Fawcett was diagnosed with anal cancer in 2006, and began treatment, including chemotherapy and surgery. Four months later, on her 60th birthday, the Associated Press wire service reported that Fawcett was, at that point, cancer free.

Less than four months later, in May 2007, Fawcett brought a small digital video camera to document a doctor's office visit. There, she was told a malignant polyp was found where she had been treated for the initial cancer. Doctors contemplated whether to implant a radiation seeder (which differs from conventional radiation and is used to treat other types of cancer). Fawcett's U.S. doctors told her that she would require a colostomy. Instead, Fawcett traveled to Germany for treatments described variously in the press as "holistic", "aggressive", and "alternative". There, Dr. Ursula Jacob prescribed a treatment including surgery to remove the anal tumor, and a course of perfusion and embolization for her liver cancer by Doctors Claus Kiehling and Thomas Vogl in Germany, and chemotherapy back in Fawcett's home town of Los Angeles. Although initially the tumors were regressing, their reappearance a few months later necessitated a new course, this time including laser ablation therapy and chemoembolization. Aided by friend Alana Stewart, Fawcett documented her battle with the disease. although subsequent reports indicated her condition was not so dire. On April 6, the Associated Press reported that her cancer had metastasized to her liver, a development Fawcett had learned of in May 2007 and which her subsequent treatments in Germany had targeted. The report denied that she was unconscious, and explained that the hospitalization was due not to her cancer but a painful abdominal hematoma that had been the result of a minor procedure. Her spokesperson emphasized she was not "at death's door", adding "She remains in good spirits with her usual sense of humor ... She's been in great shape her whole life and has an incredible resolve and an incredible resilience." Fawcett was released from the hospital on April 9, picked up by longtime companion O'Neal, and, according to her doctor, was "walking and in great spirits and looking forward to celebrating Easter at home."

A month later, on May 7, Fawcett was reported as critically ill, with Ryan O'Neal quoted as saying she now spends her days at home, on an IV, often asleep. The ''Los Angeles Times'' reported Fawcett was in the last stages of her cancer and had the chance to see her son Redmond in April 2009, although shackled and under supervision, as he was then incarcerated. Her 91-year-old father, James Fawcett, flew out to Los Angeles to visit.

The cancer specialist that was treating Fawcett in L.A., Dr. Lawrence Piro, and Fawcett's friend and ''Angels'' co-star Kate Jackson – a breast cancer survivor – appeared together on ''The Today Show'' dispelling tabloid-fueled rumors, including suggestions Fawcett had ever been in a coma, had ever reached 86 pounds, and had ever given up her fight against the disease or lost the will to live. Jackson decried such fabrications, saying they "really do hurt a human being and a person like Farrah." Piro recalled when it became necessary for Fawcett to undergo treatments that would cause her to lose her hair, acknowledging "Farrah probably has the most famous hair in the world", but also that it is not a trivial matter for any cancer patient, whose hair "affects [one's] whole sense of who [they] are". Of the documentary, Jackson averred Fawcett "didn't do this to show that 'she' is unique, she did it to show that we are all unique ... (T)his was ... meant to be a gift to others to help and inspire them."

The two-hour documentary ''Farrah's Story'', which was filmed by Fawcett and friend Alana Stewart, aired on NBC on 15 May 2009. The documentary was watched by nearly nine million people at its premiere airing, and it was re-aired on the broadcast network's cable stations MSNBC, Bravo and Oxygen. Fawcett earned her fourth Emmy nomination posthumously on July 16, 2009, as producer of ''Farrah's Story''.

Controversy surrounded the aired version of the documentary, with her initial producing partner, who had worked with her four years earlier on her reality series ''Chasing Farrah'', alleging O'Neal's and Stewart's editing of the program was not in keeping with Fawcett's wishes to more thoroughly explore rare types of cancers such as her own and alternative methods of treatment. He was especially critical of scenes showing Fawcett's son visiting her for the last time, in shackles, while she was nearly unconscious in bed. Fawcett had generally kept her son out of the media, and his appearances were minimal in ''Chasing Farrah''.

Death

Fawcett died at approximately 9:28 am, PDT on June 25, 2009, in the intensive care unit of Saint John's Health Center in Santa Monica, California, with O'Neal and Stewart by her side. A private funeral was held in Los Angeles on June 30. Fawcett's son Redmond was permitted to leave his California detention center to attend his mother's funeral, where he gave the first reading.

The night of her death, ABC aired an hour-long special episode of ''20/20'' featuring clips from several of Barbara Walters' past interviews with Fawcett as well as new interviews with Ryan O'Neal, Jaclyn Smith, Alana Stewart, and Dr. Lawrence Piro. Walters followed up on the story on Friday's episode of ''20/20''. CNN's ''Larry King Live'' planned a show exclusively about Fawcett that evening until the death of Michael Jackson several hours later caused the program to shift to cover both stories. Cher, a longtime friend of Fawcett, and Suzanne de Passe, executive producer of Fawcett's ''Small Sacrifices'' mini-series, both paid tribute to Fawcett on the program. NBC aired a ''Dateline NBC'' special "Farrah Fawcett: The Life and Death of an Angel" the following evening, June 26, preceded by a rebroadcast of ''Farrah's Story'' in prime time. That weekend and the following week, television tributes continued. MSNBC aired back-to-back episodes of its ''Headliners and Legends'' episodes featuring Fawcett and Jackson. TV Land aired a mini-marathon of ''Charlie's Angels'' and ''Chasing Farrah'' episodes. E! aired ''Michael & Farrah: Lost Icons'' and the The Biography Channel aired ''Bio Remembers: Farrah Fawcett''. The documentary ''Farrah's Story'' re-aired on the Oxygen Network and MSNBC.

Larry King said of the Fawcett phenomenon,

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''Playboy'' founder Hugh Hefner said "Farrah was one of the iconic beauties of our time. Her girl-next-door charm combined with stunning looks made her a star on film, TV and the printed page."

Kate Jackson said,

In March 2010, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences caused controversy when Fawcett was excluded from the "In Memoriam" montage at the 82nd Academy Awards ceremony, along with fellow television stars Bea Arthur, Gene Barry and Ed McMahon. In addition to Ryan and Tatum O'Neal, friends and colleagues of Fawcett publicly expressed their outrage at the oversight, including actress Jane Fonda and film critic Roger Ebert. AMPAS executive director Bruce Davis cited Fawcett's recognition at the 61st Primetime Emmy Awards for her "remarkable television work," and said of all the exclusions: "There's nothing you can say to people, particularly to family members, within a day or two of the show that helps at all. They tend to be surprised and hurt, and we understand that and we're sorry for it."

She is buried at the Westwood Village Memorial Park in Los Angeles.

Cultural icon enshrined

The red one-piece bathing suit worn by Farrah in her famous 1976 poster was donated to the Smithsonian's National Museum of American History (NMAH) on 2 February 2011. Said to have been purchased at a Saks Fifth Avenue store, the red Lycra suit made by the leading Australian swimsuit company Speedo, was donated to the Smithsonian by her executors and was formally presented to NMAH in Washington D.C. by her longtime companion Ryan O'Neal. The suit and the poster are expected to go on temporary display sometime in 2011–12. They will be made additions to the Smithsonian's "popular culture" department.

The famous poster of Farrah in a red swimsuit has been produced as a Barbie doll. The limited edition dolls, complete with a gold chain and the girl-next-door locks, have been snapped up by Barbie fans.

In 2011, ''Men's Health'' named her one of the "100 Hottest Women of All-Time", ranking her at No. 31.

Filmography

Theatrical films

Year	Film	Role	Notes
1969	''Love Is a Funny Thing''	Patricia
1970		Mary Ann Pringle
1976		Holly	As Farrah Fawcett-Majors
1978	''Somebody Killed Her Husband''	Jenny Moore	As Farrah Fawcett-Majors
	''An Almost Perfect Affair''	Herself	Uncredited
	Ellie	As Farrah Fawcett-Majors
1980	''Saturn 3''	Alex
1981	''The Cannonball Run''	Pamela Glover
1986		Marjorie	Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama
1989		Jo Livingstone
1995		Sandy Archer
	''The Apostle''	Jessie Dewey	Nominated – Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Female
''The Lovemaster''	Craig's Dream Date
''Playboy: Farrah Fawcett, All of Me''	Herself	Direct to video
1998	''The Brave Little Toaster Goes to Mars''	Faucet	Voice
	''The Flunky''	Herself
''Dr. T & the Women''	Kate
2004	''The Cookout''	Mrs. Crowley
2008	''A Wing & a Prayer: Farrah's Fight for Life''	Herself	Documentary

Television

Year	Title	Role	Notes
	''Mayberry R.F.D.''	Show Girl #1	1 episode
''I Dream of Jeannie''	CindyTina	"See You in C-U-B-A""My Sister the Home Wrecker"
	Hitchhiker	Television movie
1969–1970	''The Flying Nun''	Miss PreemLila	"Armando and the Pool Table""Marcello's Idol"
	''The Young Rebels''	Sarah	"Dangerous Ally"
''The Partridge Family''	Pretty Girl	"The Sound of Money"
	''Owen Marshall: Counselor at Law''	Tori Barbour	"Burden of Proof""Shadow of a Name"
''The Feminist and the Fuzz''	Kitty Murdock	Television movie
''Inside O.U.T.''	Pat Boulion	Unsold pilot
	''The Girl with Something Extra''	Carol	"How Green Was Las Vegas"
''The Great American Beauty Contest''	T.L. Dawson	Television movie
''Of Men and Women''	Young Actress	Segment: "The Interview"
	''Apple's Way''	Jane Huston	"The First Love"
''Marcus Welby, M.D.''	Laura Foley	"I've Promised You a Father: Part 1"
	Gloria Jean	"The Colorado Cattle Caper"
	''Harry O''	Sue Ingham	8 episodes
''The Six Million Dollar Man''	Major Kelly Wood (2 episodes), Trish Hollander, Victoria Webster	4 episodes. As Farrah Fawcett Majors (Rescue of Athena One) and as Farrah Fawcett-Majors (Nightmare in the Sky, The Golden Pharaoh, and The Peeping Blonde)
	''The Girl Who Came Gift-Wrapped''	Patti	Television movie
''Murder on Flight 502''	Karen White	As Farrah Fawcett-Majors
''S.W.A.T.''	Miss New Mexico	"The Steel-Plated Security Blanket"as Farrah Fawcett-Majors
1976–1980	''Charlie's Angels''	Jill Munroe	Cast member from 1976–1977; recurring from 1978–1980Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama (1976)
1981	''Murder in Texas''	Joan Robinson Hill	Television movie
	''The Red-Light Sting''	Kathy	Television movie
''The Burning Bed''	Francine Hughes
	''Between Two Women''	Val Petherton	Television movie
''Nazi Hunter: The Beate Klarsfeld Story''		Television movieNominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film
1987	''Poor Little Rich Girl: The Barbara Hutton Story''	Barbara Hutton	Television movieNominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film
	''Margaret Bourke-White''	Margaret Bourke-White	Television movie
''Small Sacrifices''	Diane Downs
''Good Sports''	Gayle Roberts	2 episodes
1992	''Criminal Behavior''	Jessica Lee Stubbs	Television movie
1994	''The Substitute Wife''	Pearl	Television movie
1995		Nora Maxwell	Miniseries
1996	''Dalva''	Dalva Northridge	Television movie
1997	''Johnny Bravo''	Farrah Fawcett / Old Lady	"Blarney Buddies/Over the Hump/Johnny Meets Farrah Fawcett" (voice)
		Frannie Vaughn	Television movie
''Ally McBeal''	Robin Jones	"Changes"
2000	''Baby''	Lily Malone	Television movie
		Jewel Hilburn	Television movie
''Spin City''	Judge Claire Simmons	4 episodes
2002–2003		Mary Gressler
2003	''Hollywood Wives: The New Generation''	Lissa Roman	Television movie
2005	''Chasing Farrah''	Herself	7 episodes
2009	''Farrah's Story''	Herself	Also Executive producer

References

External links

Farrah Fawcett – Daily Telegraph obituary

Farrah Fawcett at TV Guide

Farrah Fawcett at Emmys.com

Farrah Fawcett Online Memorial

Category:1947 births Category:2009 deaths Category:20th-century actors Category:21st-century actors Category:American film actors Category:American people of Choctaw descent Category:American people of English descent Category:American people of French descent Category:American people of Irish descent Category:American people of Native American descent Category:American Roman Catholics Category:American stage actors Category:American television actors Category:Burials at Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery Category:Cancer deaths in California Category:Deaths from anal cancer Category:People from Corpus Christi, Texas Category:People from Houston, Texas Category:University of Texas at Austin alumni

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Coordinates	12°58′0″N77°34′0″N
name	Alexandra Stan
alt	Alexandra Stan
nickname	Stanny, ALE(a-lee)
years active	2009–present
background	solo_singer
birth name	Alexandra Stan
birth date	June 10, 1989
origin	Constanța, Romania
label	Maan Music, Media Pro Music, Ultra Records
instrument	Vocals
genre	House, pop, dance, R&B;
occupation	Singer-songwriter, musician, entertainer, model, dancer
associated acts	Carlprit
website	}}

Alexandra Stan (born June 10, 1989 in Constanța, Romania) is a Romanian singer-songwriter.

Biography

Alexandra Stan was born on June 10, 1989 in Constanța, Romania. She studied at the "Traian" Lyceum in Constanța and as of 2011 she is enrolled in her second year as a student at the Faculty of Management Andrei Saguna. In the past she has participated in various music-related contests with a notable appearance at the Mamaia Festival section interpretation.

In 2009, she released her debut promotional single, "Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)" The following year her first official single was released, "Mr. Saxobeat", which reached number one on the Romanian Airplay Chart in November 2010. The song also reached the top spot on the Romanian Top 100. From then on it slowly began to climb the charts in Europe, becoming an international hit, peaking within the top 10 in over 20 countries. "Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)" served as her second single in US and Canada, released in May 2011. Her second single worldwide is "Get Back (ASAP)", which is currently climbing the charts and peaked at number four Romania.

Discography

Albums

! Album Title	! Album details
''Saxobeats''		* Release: September 9, 2011	* Label: Columbia Records	* Format: [[Compact Disc

Singles

{|class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" border="1" ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Year ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Song ! scope="col" colspan="11"| Peak chart positions ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Certifications ! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Album |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"|ROM !style="width:3em;font-size:85%"|AUT !style="width:3em;font-size:85%"|CAN ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"|FRA ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"|GER ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"|IRE ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" | ITA ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"|SPA ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" | SWI ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"|UK ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"|US |- | 2009 ! scope="row"| "Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)" | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |rowspan="5"| ''Saxobeats'' |- | rowspan="1"|2010 ! scope="row"| "Mr. Saxobeat" | 1 || 1 || 25 || 6 || 1 || 6 || 1 || 3 || 1 || 3 || 38 | ITA: 2× Platinum SWE: Platinum DEN: Gold SPA: Gold |- | rowspan="3"|2011 ! scope="row"| "Get Back (ASAP)" | 4 || — || — || 18 || — || — || 37 || — || — || — || — | |- ! scope="row"| "One Million" (featuring Carlprit) | — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — || — | |}

Music videos

Year	Song	Album
	"Lollipop (Param Pam Pam)"
	"Mr. Saxobeat"
	"Get Back (ASAP)"

References

External links

Alexandra Stan at Music-covers

Fans Website

German Fan Website

Category:Articles created via the Article Wizard Category:1989 births Category:Living people Category:People from Constanţa Category:Romanian dance musicians Category:Romanian female singers

cs:Alexandra Stan da:Alexandra Stan de:Alexandra Stan es:Alexandra Stan fr:Alexandra Stan hy:Ալեքսանդրա Ստան he:אלכסנדרה סטן hr:Alexandra Stan it:Alexandra Stan hu:Alexandra Stan nl:Alexandra Stan ja:アレクサンドラ・スタン no:Alexandra Stan pl:Alexandra Stan pt:Alexandra Stan ro:Alexandra Stan ru:Стан, Александра fi:Alexandra Stan sv:Alexandra Stan tr:Alexandra Stan uk:Александра Стан