Earth's Extremes - Volcanoes in South Island & Ross Dependency & Other, New Zealand

• published: 30 Mar 2015
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Thanks for watching..... Elsewhere ----------------------------------------- Name Last eruption ----------------------------------------------------------- Auckland Volcanic Field 1350 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auckland_volcanic_field Bombay Hills 500,000 years ago http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombay_Hills Gannet Island 500,000 years ago http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gannet_Island_(New_Zealand) Little Barrier Island 1.5 million years ago http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Barrier_Island Kaikohe-Bay of Islands volcanic field 400 ± 300 years http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaikohe-Bay_of_Islands_volcanic_field Kaitake 500,000 years ago Karioi 2.4 million years ago http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karioi Manukau volcano 16 million years ago Maungatautari - Mount Pirongia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Pirongia Paritutu and the Sugar Loaf Islands 1.7 million years ago http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar_Loaf_Islands Poor Knights Islands 4 million years ago http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poor_Knights_Islands Pouakai 240,000 years ago Rangitoto Island (part of the Auckland Volcanic Field) 1350 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangitoto_Island Mount Taranaki or Mount Egmont 1755 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Taranaki Whangarei volcanic field - South Island ----------------------- Name Last eruption ------------------------------------------- Akaroa Volcano Miocene Lyttelton Volcano Miocene Mount Horrible (near Timaru) 2 million years ago http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Horrible Otago Volcano c. 10 million years ago Other ---------- Name Last eruption ----------------------------------------- Antipodes Islands Holocene http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antipodes_Islands Auckland Island Miocene http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auckland_Island Pitt Island Ancient[vague] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitt_Island Mount Dick (Adams Island) - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Dick Solander Islands Pleistocene http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solander_Islands Ross Dependency -------------------------- Name Last eruption ------------------------------- Brown Peak 2001 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_Peak_(Sturge_Island) Buckle Island 1899 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckle_Island Mount Erebus 2008 (continuing) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Erebus Young Island - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young_Island Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_New_Zealand Music: Bell Trap,Silent Partner; YouTube Audio Library A volcano is a rupture on the crust of a planetary mass object, such as the Earth, which allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface. Earth's volcanoes occur because the planet's crust is broken into 17 major, rigid tectonic plates that float on a hotter, softer layer in the Earth's mantle. Therefore, on Earth, volcanoes are generally found where tectonic plates are diverging or converging. For example, a mid-oceanic ridge, such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, has volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart; the Pacific Ring of Fire has volcanoes caused by convergent tectonic plates coming together. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the crust's interior plates, e.g., in the East African Rift and the Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field and Rio Grande Rift in North America. This type of volcanism falls under the umbrella of "plate hypothesis" volcanism. Volcanism away from plate boundaries has also been explained as mantle plumes. These so-called "hotspots", for example Hawaii, are postulated to arise from upwelling diapirs with magma from the core–mantle boundary, 3,000 km deep in the Earth. Volcanoes are usually not created where two tectonic plates slide past one another. Erupting volcanoes can pose many hazards, not only in the immediate vicinity of the eruption. One such hazard is that volcanic ash can be a threat to aircraft, in particular those with jet engines where ash particles can be melted by the high operating temperature; the melted particles then adhere to the turbine blades and alter their shape, disrupting the operation of the turbine. Large eruptions can affect temperature as ash and droplets of sulfuric acid obscure the sun and cool the Earth's lower atmosphere (or troposphere); however, they also absorb heat radiated up from the Earth, thereby warming the upper atmosphere (or stratosphere). Historically, so-called volcanic winters have caused catastrophic famines. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcano