Sheema District is a district in Western Uganda.

Sheema District is bordered by Buhweju District to the north, Mbarara District to the east, Ntungamo District to the south, Mitooma District to the southwest and Bushenyi District to the west. Kibingo, where the district headquarters are located, lies approximately 33 kilometres (21 mi), by road, west of Mbarara, the largest city in Ankole sub-region. The coordinates of the district are:00 32S, 30 24E.

Sheema District was created by Act of the Ugandan Parliament, and it became operational on 01 July 2010. Prior to that the district was known as Sheema County and was part of Bushenyi District. The district is part of Ankole sub-region. The district that comprise of Ankole sub-region, include the following districts:

The sub-region was home to an estimated 2.2 million people in 2002, according to national census conducted that year.

The national census in 2002 estimated the population of the district at about 180,200. The population of the district as of January 2011 is unknown.