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The Diocese of Urgell is a Roman Catholic diocese in Catalonia, Spain, and Andorra, with origins in the fifth century AD or possibly earlier.It is based in the region of the historical Catalan County of Urgell, though it has different borders.The seat and Cathedral of the bishop are situated in la Seu d'Urgell town.The state of Andorra is a part of this diocese.
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Andorra is a Co-Principality on the border of France and Spain. That means Andorra is ruled by two different Princes.
The princes are the President of France and the Bishop of the Diocese of Urgell in Spain.
A Principality is a monarchy, like a kingdom, but instead of being ruled by a king, a principality is rules by a prince. The title of prince is unrelated to be the child of a king, and is instead just a lower ranking title on the feudal ladder, but principalities are sovereign countries like any other.
Andorra as a country is a relic of feudalism and a time when the catholic church would have lots of influence over the lands of europe. The Bishop of Urgell took control of Andorra in Medieval Times but required help in protecting it, so he enlisted the help of local feudal lords. Eventually Andorra was turned into a Principality with two co-equal princes, the Bishop of Urgell and the feudal Lord that protected it.
As is the case with Feudalism, this responsibility was passed around to different feudal lords such as the count of Foix, the King of Navarre, and finally the king of France, who, because of Feudalism, was also the Count of Foix and King of Navarre and the prince of Andorra.
During the French Revolution, the new Republic of France renounced its right to a co-princehood of Andorra because they were against the feudalism that made the co-principality of Andorra exist.
However, Napoleon restored the title to himself. Since them the head of state of France has always been one of the two princes, and the other one always being the Bishop of Urgell.
This lead to the awkward situation of the President of France being a feudal lord. In 1993, Andorra adopted a modern constitution which ended feudalism and made Andorra a constitutional monarchy, albeit a weird one where it has two princes, one being the head of state of another country and the other being a bishop.
Thanks to M-Ray Usa for helping with pronounciations: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCax6YbZeEqL3f17HsDd3otg?&ab;_channel=M-RayUsa
Thanks to Jorge Romero for translating into Spanish https://www.youtube.com/user/The13Rome?&ab;_channel=JorgeRomero
Russian Federation Explained: https://youtu.be/qVoHAyEwhBc
Why countries are landlocked: https://youtu.be/YtYoLLQTLFQ
- published: 10 Jan 2017
- views: 6380
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1) Andorra la Vella
2) Escaldes-Engordany
3) Encamp
4) Sant Julià de Lòria
5) La Massana
6) Santa Coloma
7) Ordino
8) El Pas de la Casa
9) Canillo
10) Arinsal
Andorra ,officially the Principality of Andorra (Catalan: Principat d'Andorra), also called the Principality of the Valleys of Andorra[6] (Catalan: Principat de les Valls d'Andorra), is a landlocked microstate in Southwestern Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. It is the sixth smallest nation in Europe, having an area of 468 km2 (181 sq mi) and an estimated population of 85,000 in 2012.[2] Its capital, Andorra la Vella, is the highest capital city in Europe, at an elevation of 1,023 metres (3,356 ft) above sea level.[7] The official language is Catalan, although Spanish, Portuguese, and French are also commonly spoken.[8][9]
Created under a charter in A.D. 988, the present Principality was formed in A.D. 1278. It is known as a principality as it is a monarchy headed by two Co-Princes -- the Spanish/Roman Catholic Bishop of Urgell and the President of France.
Andorra is a prosperous country mainly because of its tourism industry, which services an estimated 10.2 million visitors annually,[10] and because of its status as a tax haven, although it is in the process of reforming its tax regime. It is not a member of the European Union, but the euro is the de facto currency. It has been a member of the United Nations since 1993.[11] The people of Andorra have the 3rd highest human life expectancy at birth in the world -- 84 years.
Tradition holds that Charles the Great (Charlemagne) granted a charter to the Andorran people in return for fighting against the Moors. Overlordship of the territory was by the Count of Urgell and eventually by the bishop of the Diocese of Urgell. In 988, Borrell II, Count of Urgell, gave the Andorran valleys to the Diocese of Urgell in exchange for land in Cerdanya.[13] Since then the Bishop of Urgell, based in Seu d'Urgell, has owned Andorra.[14]
Before 1095, Andorra did not have any type of military protection and the Bishop of Urgell, who knew that the Count of Urgell wanted to reclaim the Andorran valleys,[14] asked for help and protection from the Lord of Caboet. In 1095, the Lord of Caboet and the Bishop of Urgell signed under oath a declaration of their co-sovereignty over Andorra. Arnalda, daughter of Arnau of Caboet, married the Viscount of Castellbò and both became Viscounts of Castellbò and Cerdanya. Years later their daughter, Ermessenda,[15] married Roger Bernat II, the French Count of Foix. They became Roger Bernat II and Ermessenda I, Counts of Foix, Viscounts of Castellbò and Cerdanya, and co-sovereigns of Andorra (shared with the Bishop of Urgell).
In the 11th century, a dispute arose between the Bishop of Urgell and the Count of Foix. The conflict was resolved in 1278 with the mediation of Aragon by the signing of the first paréage which provided that Andorra's sovereignty be shared between the count of Foix[14] (whose title would ultimately transfer to the French head of state) and the Bishop of Urgell, in Catalonia. This gave the principality its territory and political form.
Over the years, the co-title to Andorra passed to the kings of Navarre. After Henry of Navarre became King Henry IV of France, he issued an edict in 1607 that established the head of the French state and the Bishop of Urgell as co-princes of Andorra. In 1812--13, the First French Empire annexed Catalonia and divided it in four départements, with Andorra being made part of the district of Puigcerdà (département of Sègre).
- published: 29 May 2014
- views: 238
http://theworld-youtube.blogspot.com/
Andorra officially the Principality of Andorra (Catalan: Principat d'Andorra), is a small landlocked country in Western Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. Once isolated, it is currently a prosperous country mainly because of tourism and its status as a tax haven. The people of Andorra are currently listed as having the highest human life expectancies in the world, at an average of 83.5 years at birth (2007 est)
Contents.Tradition holds that Charles the Great (Charlemagne) granted a charter to Andorran people in return for fighting against the Moors. Overlordship of the territory passed to the local count of Urgell and eventually to the bishop of the diocese of Urgell. The Bishop then handed over the territory to the Lord of Caboet. The Caboet family married into the family of the French Count of Foix and through this marriage, the Count inherited all of the Spanish lord's land, including Andorra. In the eleventh century a dispute arose between the bishop and his northern neighbour over Andorra. The conflict was resolved in 1278 by the signing of a paréage, which provided that Andorra's sovereignty be shared between the count of Foix (whose title would ultimately transfer to the French head of state) and the bishop of La Seu d'Urgell, in Catalonia, Spain. This gave the small principality its territory and political form. Over the years the title passed to the kings of Navarre. After Henry of Navarre became King Henry IV of France, he issued an edict (1607) that established the head of the French state and the Bishop of Urgell as co-princes of Andorra. In the period 1812--13, the First French Empire annexed Catalonia and divided it in four départements. Andorra was also annexed and made part of the district of Puigcerdà (département of Sègre). Andorra declared war on Imperial Germany during World War I but did not actually take part in the fighting. It remained in an official state of belligerency until 1957 as it was not included in the Versailles Peace Treaty. In 1933 France occupied Andorra as a result of social unrest before elections. On July 12, 1934, an adventurer named Boris Skossyreff issued a proclamation in Urgell, declaring himself Boris I, sovereign prince of Andorra, simultaneously declaring war on the bishop of Urgell. He was arrested by Spanish authorities on July 20 and ultimately expelled from Spain. From 1936 to 1940, a French detachment was garrisoned in Andorra to prevent influences of the Spanish Civil War and Franco's Spain. Francoist troops reached the Andorran border in the later stages of the war.
During World War II, Andorra remained neutral and was an important smuggling route between Vichy France and Spain.Given its relative isolation, Andorra has existed outside the mainstream of European history, with few ties to countries other than France and Spain. In recent times, however, its thriving tourist industry along with developments in transportation and communications have removed the country from its isolation. Its political system was thoroughly modernized in 1993, the year in which it became a member of the United Nations and the Council of Europe. Independence Paréage 1278. Official languages Catalan
Area Total 468km²(196th).Population 2007 estimate 71,822 (194th)
- published: 11 Aug 2008
- views: 1477
the Battle of Albesa was a follow-up to the Battle of Torà that took place 25 February 1003 at Albesa, near Balaguer, between the united Christian forces of Catalonia and the Islamic forces of the Caliphate of Córdoba. It was one of the border skirmishes associated with the interminable razzias of the Reconquista, described as "a simple encounter between local forces" and "a local action without overarching importance", though both these views are called into question by the assemblage of important Catalan leaders at the battle and the Muslim reprisal which followed.
Berengar, the Bishop of Elne, was killed in the battle. His death is recorded in the Chronicon Rivipullense. The brief notice in the Chronicon Rotense reads: 1003. Factum est proelium Albesae cum sarracenis ("the battle of Albesa is made with the Saracens"). In the Alterum chronicon Rotense, more detail is given: Anno MIII. Factum est proelium in Albesa cum sarracenis ubi Berengarius Episcopus Elensis perimitur ("Year 1003. battle is made in Albesa with the Saracens, where Berengar, Bishop of Elne, was killed").
The date of 25 February 1003 comes from the only Arabic source to mention the battle, Ibn al-Faraḍī, who records that Sa‘īd bin Mūsā of Elvira "died in the battle of al-Māša near Balagué the Thursday ten days before the end of the month of Rabī’ al-Thānī in the year 393", that is of the Islamic calendar, being 25 February 1003 in the Anno Domini system. Évariste Lévi-Provençal, the French Orientalist, believed it took place on 27 February, since the Islamic day (20 Rabī’) began at sunset, though 27 February 1003 was not a Thursday.
Félix Hernández Jiménez dated the battle of Albesa to the summer of 1003 because he connected it with the seizure of the castle of Castellolí—mentioned only in one Christian source—by Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffar, the Córdoban hajib. The Bayān al-Mugrib of Ibn Iḍārī records how Abd al-Malik was marching through lightly populated country toward Barcelona on first of Shawwal (3 August), and that sometime after this date he camped at al-Baṭḥā (possibly Albesa). Abd al-Malik proceeded to invade Urgell and raze the castles of Montmagastre and Meià. He may also have ravaged the territory of Manresa. At the end of this campaign, when he sent his vassals home, Abd al-Malik had captured 5,570 Christians and six of their castles. He had also destroyed 85 fortified places.
In this expedition, according to Ibn Khaldūn (in a part of his chronicle based on Ibn Ḥayyān), Ermengol I of Urgell, who had initially rebelled, surrendered and was taken captive:
Su hijo Ramon (Raymund) gobernó Barcelona y su hermano Ermengol (Armanqūd) sus fronteras. Luego Ermengol se sublevó contra ‘Abd al-Malik bin al-Manṣūr, quien le combatió y le capturó en sus fronteras, después de haber capitulado.
His [Borrell II's] son Raymond [Borrel] governed Barcelona and his brother Ermengol its frontiers. Then Ermengol was in rebellion against ‘Abd al-Malik bin al-Manṣūr, who battled him and captured him in the marches, after having surrendered.
His capture is connected sometimes with the battle of Albesa, and sometimes not. Ermengol was back in Urgell by 13 March 1004.
A new bishop is recorded in Elne, in the records of the diocesan cartulary, on 11 October, a certain Frèdol. It is doubtful whether a new bishop could have been elected so fast if Berengar had died at the end of summer at a long distance from Elne, taking into account the time necessary for both news to travel and an election to be held and new bishop installed. The earlier date (February) coincides better with the timing of Berengar's death, which occurred at Albesa more certainly than Ermengol's capture.
- published: 10 Jun 2015
- views: 18
Moment d'obertura de la porta de la Catedral de Santa Maria d'Urgell i any jubilar a la diòcesi. Presideix Mons. Joan-Enric Vives.
http://www.bisbaturgell.org/index.php/ca/mitjans-de-comunicacio/noticies/2015/7963-obertura-a-la-catedral-de-santa-maria-de-l-any-jubilar-de-la-misericordia
- published: 13 Dec 2015
- views: 246
http://www.ccwatershed.org/kyrie/
Joan Brudieu (1520--1591) was an Catalan Spanish composer. Brudieu was born around 1520 in the diocese of Limoges and died in la Seu d'Urgell in 1591, but can generally be considered as a Spanish, since the few biographical details found him locate him in Catalonia.
From 1539 was cantor at the Cathedral of Santa Maria d'Urgell, where he was ordained in 1546. In 1548 he was appointed choir master for life. In 1550 he traveled to his home country to acquire instruments for the chapel.
In 1577 he retired to Balaguer, but after a year moved to become maestro di cappella at Santa Maria del Mar, Barcelona, which he left shortly afterwards, apparently due to health problems. Then in 1579 he returned to la Seu d'Urgell, where he remained until his death, having previously been replaced by Rafael Coma.
- published: 03 Feb 2012
- views: 2302
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Roman Catholic Diocese of Urgell
The Diocese of Urgell is a Roman Catholic diocese in Catalonia, Spain, and Andorra, with origins in the fifth century AD or possibly earlier. It is based in the region of the historical Catalan County of Urgell, though it has different borders. The seat and Cathedral of the bishop are situated in la Seu d'Urgell town. The state of Andorra is a part of this diocese.
Among its most notable events are Bishop Felix's adoptionist revolt, the coup of Bishop Esclua and the overthrowing of the bishop by members of aristocratic families (namely Salla i Ermengol del Conflent, Eribau i Folcs dels Cardona, Guillem Guifré de Cerdanya and Ot de Pallars) between the years 981 and 1122.
Also important is the diocese's patronage of Andorra, with the bishop holding the role of ex officio Co-Prince of the Pyrenean Catalan-speaking nation jointly with the President of the French Republic (and formerly, the King of France). Andorra was ceded to the Bishop of Urgell by the Count Ermengol VI of Urgell in 1133.
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location on Google Map
Pla d'Urgell
County of Urgell
Official comarcal site (in Catalan)
Urgell
Modern-day Urgell (Catalan pronunciation: [urˈʒeʎ], locally: [uɾˈdʒeʎ]), also known as Baix Urgell ("baix" meaning lower), is a comarca (county) in Catalonia, Spain, forming only a portion of the region historically known as Urgell, one of the Catalan counties.
Municipalities
See also
References
External links
Coordinates: 41°39′44″N 1°05′09″E / 41.66222°N 1.08583°E / 41.66222; 1.08583
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
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Andorra
Coordinates: 42°30′N 1°30′E / 42.500°N 1.500°E / 42.500; 1.500
Andorra (
i/ænˈdɔːrə/; Catalan: [ənˈdorə], locally: [anˈdɔra]), officially the Principality of Andorra (Catalan: Principat d'Andorra), also called the Principality of the Valleys of Andorra (Catalan: Principat de les Valls d'Andorra), is a sovereign landlocked microstate in Southwestern Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. Created under a charter in A.D. 988, the present Principality was formed in A.D. 1278. It is known as a principality as it is a monarchy headed by two Co-Princes – the Spanish/Roman Catholic Bishop of Urgell and the President of France.
Andorra is the sixth-smallest nation in Europe, having an area of 468 km2 (181 sq mi) and a population of approximately 85,000. Its capital Andorra la Vella is the highest capital city in Europe, at an elevation of 1,023 metres (3,356 ft) above sea level. The official language is Catalan, although Spanish, Portuguese, and French are also commonly spoken.
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
Abdul Malik
Abdul Malik (Arabic: عبد الملك) is an Arabic (Muslim or Christian) male given name and, in modern usage, surname. It is built from the Arabic words Abd, al- and Malik. The name means "servant of the King", in the Christian instance 'King' meaning 'King of Kings' as in Jesus Christ and in Islam,Al-Malik being one of the names of God in the Qur'an, which give rise to the Muslim theophoric names.
The letter a of the al- is unstressed, and can be transliterated by almost any vowel, often by e. So the first part can appear as Abdel, Abdul or Abd-al. The second part may appear as Malik, Malek or in other ways. The whole name is subject to variable spacing and hyphenation.
There is a distinct but related name, Abdul Maalik (Arabic: عبد المالك), meaning "servant of the Owner", referring to the Qur'anic name Mālik-ul-Mulk. The two names are difficult to distinguish in transliteration, and some of the names below are instance of the latter one.
It may refer to:
Males
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President of France
The President of the French Republic (French: Président de la République française, French pronunciation: [pʁezidɑ̃ də la ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is the executive head of state of the French Fifth Republic. The powers, functions and duties of prior presidential offices, and their relation with the first minister and cabinets has over time differed with the various French constitutions.
The President of France is also the ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra, Grand Master of the Légion d'honneur and the Ordre national du Mérite and honorary proto-canon of the Basilica of St. John Lateran in Rome.
The current President of France is François Hollande, who took office on 15 May 2012.
Election
Since the Referendum on the Direct Election of the President of the French Republic in 1962, the President has been directly elected by universal suffrage; he or she was previously elected by an electoral college.
After the Referendum on the Reduction of the Mandate of the President of the French Republic, 2000, the length of the term was reduced from seven to five years; the first election to a shorter term was held in 2002. President Chirac was first elected in 1995 and again in 2002. At that time, there was no limit on the number of terms, so Chirac could have run again, but chose not to. He was succeeded by Nicolas Sarkozy on 16 May 2007.
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9:51Roman Catholic Diocese of Urgell
Roman Catholic Diocese of UrgellRoman Catholic Diocese of Urgell
The Diocese of Urgell is a Roman Catholic diocese in Catalonia, Spain, and Andorra, with origins in the fifth century AD or possibly earlier.It is based in the region of the historical Catalan County of Urgell, though it has different borders.The seat and Cathedral of the bishop are situated in la Seu d'Urgell town.The state of Andorra is a part of this diocese. ---Image-Copyright-and-Permission--- About the author(s): Vilarrubla License: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (CC BY-SA 3.0) Author(s): Vilarrubla (https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Vilarrubla&action=edit&redlink=1) ---Image-Copyright-and-Permission--- This channel is dedicated to make Wikipedia, one of the biggest knowledge databases in the world available to people with limited vision. Article available under a Creative Commons license Image source in video -
1:35QR04 - DIOCESAN MUSEUM OF URGELL (2) El Beatus de la Seu d'urgell (Eng)
QR04 - DIOCESAN MUSEUM OF URGELL (2) El Beatus de la Seu d'urgell (Eng)QR04 - DIOCESAN MUSEUM OF URGELL (2) El Beatus de la Seu d'urgell (Eng)
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3:47Co-Principality of Andorra Explained: Why the President of France is a Prince
Co-Principality of Andorra Explained: Why the President of France is a PrinceCo-Principality of Andorra Explained: Why the President of France is a Prince
Andorra is a Co-Principality on the border of France and Spain. That means Andorra is ruled by two different Princes. The princes are the President of France and the Bishop of the Diocese of Urgell in Spain. A Principality is a monarchy, like a kingdom, but instead of being ruled by a king, a principality is rules by a prince. The title of prince is unrelated to be the child of a king, and is instead just a lower ranking title on the feudal ladder, but principalities are sovereign countries like any other. Andorra as a country is a relic of feudalism and a time when the catholic church would have lots of influence over the lands of europe. The Bishop of Urgell took control of Andorra in Medieval Times but required help in protecting it, so he enlisted the help of local feudal lords. Eventually Andorra was turned into a Principality with two co-equal princes, the Bishop of Urgell and the feudal Lord that protected it. As is the case with Feudalism, this responsibility was passed around to different feudal lords such as the count of Foix, the King of Navarre, and finally the king of France, who, because of Feudalism, was also the Count of Foix and King of Navarre and the prince of Andorra. During the French Revolution, the new Republic of France renounced its right to a co-princehood of Andorra because they were against the feudalism that made the co-principality of Andorra exist. However, Napoleon restored the title to himself. Since them the head of state of France has always been one of the two princes, and the other one always being the Bishop of Urgell. This lead to the awkward situation of the President of France being a feudal lord. In 1993, Andorra adopted a modern constitution which ended feudalism and made Andorra a constitutional monarchy, albeit a weird one where it has two princes, one being the head of state of another country and the other being a bishop. Thanks to M-Ray Usa for helping with pronounciations: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCax6YbZeEqL3f17HsDd3otg?&ab;_channel=M-RayUsa Thanks to Jorge Romero for translating into Spanish https://www.youtube.com/user/The13Rome?&ab;_channel=JorgeRomero Russian Federation Explained: https://youtu.be/qVoHAyEwhBc Why countries are landlocked: https://youtu.be/YtYoLLQTLFQ -
1:51QR03 - DIOCESAN MUSEUM OF URGELL (1) (Eng)
QR03 - DIOCESAN MUSEUM OF URGELL (1) (Eng)QR03 - DIOCESAN MUSEUM OF URGELL (1) (Eng)
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1:01Top 10 Largest Cities or Towns of Andorra
Top 10 Largest Cities or Towns of AndorraTop 10 Largest Cities or Towns of Andorra
Thanks for watching......... 1) Andorra la Vella 2) Escaldes-Engordany 3) Encamp 4) Sant Julià de Lòria 5) La Massana 6) Santa Coloma 7) Ordino 8) El Pas de la Casa 9) Canillo 10) Arinsal Andorra ,officially the Principality of Andorra (Catalan: Principat d'Andorra), also called the Principality of the Valleys of Andorra[6] (Catalan: Principat de les Valls d'Andorra), is a landlocked microstate in Southwestern Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. It is the sixth smallest nation in Europe, having an area of 468 km2 (181 sq mi) and an estimated population of 85,000 in 2012.[2] Its capital, Andorra la Vella, is the highest capital city in Europe, at an elevation of 1,023 metres (3,356 ft) above sea level.[7] The official language is Catalan, although Spanish, Portuguese, and French are also commonly spoken.[8][9] Created under a charter in A.D. 988, the present Principality was formed in A.D. 1278. It is known as a principality as it is a monarchy headed by two Co-Princes -- the Spanish/Roman Catholic Bishop of Urgell and the President of France. Andorra is a prosperous country mainly because of its tourism industry, which services an estimated 10.2 million visitors annually,[10] and because of its status as a tax haven, although it is in the process of reforming its tax regime. It is not a member of the European Union, but the euro is the de facto currency. It has been a member of the United Nations since 1993.[11] The people of Andorra have the 3rd highest human life expectancy at birth in the world -- 84 years. Tradition holds that Charles the Great (Charlemagne) granted a charter to the Andorran people in return for fighting against the Moors. Overlordship of the territory was by the Count of Urgell and eventually by the bishop of the Diocese of Urgell. In 988, Borrell II, Count of Urgell, gave the Andorran valleys to the Diocese of Urgell in exchange for land in Cerdanya.[13] Since then the Bishop of Urgell, based in Seu d'Urgell, has owned Andorra.[14] Before 1095, Andorra did not have any type of military protection and the Bishop of Urgell, who knew that the Count of Urgell wanted to reclaim the Andorran valleys,[14] asked for help and protection from the Lord of Caboet. In 1095, the Lord of Caboet and the Bishop of Urgell signed under oath a declaration of their co-sovereignty over Andorra. Arnalda, daughter of Arnau of Caboet, married the Viscount of Castellbò and both became Viscounts of Castellbò and Cerdanya. Years later their daughter, Ermessenda,[15] married Roger Bernat II, the French Count of Foix. They became Roger Bernat II and Ermessenda I, Counts of Foix, Viscounts of Castellbò and Cerdanya, and co-sovereigns of Andorra (shared with the Bishop of Urgell). In the 11th century, a dispute arose between the Bishop of Urgell and the Count of Foix. The conflict was resolved in 1278 with the mediation of Aragon by the signing of the first paréage which provided that Andorra's sovereignty be shared between the count of Foix[14] (whose title would ultimately transfer to the French head of state) and the Bishop of Urgell, in Catalonia. This gave the principality its territory and political form. Over the years, the co-title to Andorra passed to the kings of Navarre. After Henry of Navarre became King Henry IV of France, he issued an edict in 1607 that established the head of the French state and the Bishop of Urgell as co-princes of Andorra. In 1812--13, the First French Empire annexed Catalonia and divided it in four départements, with Andorra being made part of the district of Puigcerdà (département of Sègre). -
3:55Andorran's Images
Andorran's ImagesAndorran's Images
http://theworld-youtube.blogspot.com/ Andorra officially the Principality of Andorra (Catalan: Principat d'Andorra), is a small landlocked country in Western Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. Once isolated, it is currently a prosperous country mainly because of tourism and its status as a tax haven. The people of Andorra are currently listed as having the highest human life expectancies in the world, at an average of 83.5 years at birth (2007 est) Contents.Tradition holds that Charles the Great (Charlemagne) granted a charter to Andorran people in return for fighting against the Moors. Overlordship of the territory passed to the local count of Urgell and eventually to the bishop of the diocese of Urgell. The Bishop then handed over the territory to the Lord of Caboet. The Caboet family married into the family of the French Count of Foix and through this marriage, the Count inherited all of the Spanish lord's land, including Andorra. In the eleventh century a dispute arose between the bishop and his northern neighbour over Andorra. The conflict was resolved in 1278 by the signing of a paréage, which provided that Andorra's sovereignty be shared between the count of Foix (whose title would ultimately transfer to the French head of state) and the bishop of La Seu d'Urgell, in Catalonia, Spain. This gave the small principality its territory and political form. Over the years the title passed to the kings of Navarre. After Henry of Navarre became King Henry IV of France, he issued an edict (1607) that established the head of the French state and the Bishop of Urgell as co-princes of Andorra. In the period 1812--13, the First French Empire annexed Catalonia and divided it in four départements. Andorra was also annexed and made part of the district of Puigcerdà (département of Sègre). Andorra declared war on Imperial Germany during World War I but did not actually take part in the fighting. It remained in an official state of belligerency until 1957 as it was not included in the Versailles Peace Treaty. In 1933 France occupied Andorra as a result of social unrest before elections. On July 12, 1934, an adventurer named Boris Skossyreff issued a proclamation in Urgell, declaring himself Boris I, sovereign prince of Andorra, simultaneously declaring war on the bishop of Urgell. He was arrested by Spanish authorities on July 20 and ultimately expelled from Spain. From 1936 to 1940, a French detachment was garrisoned in Andorra to prevent influences of the Spanish Civil War and Franco's Spain. Francoist troops reached the Andorran border in the later stages of the war. During World War II, Andorra remained neutral and was an important smuggling route between Vichy France and Spain.Given its relative isolation, Andorra has existed outside the mainstream of European history, with few ties to countries other than France and Spain. In recent times, however, its thriving tourist industry along with developments in transportation and communications have removed the country from its isolation. Its political system was thoroughly modernized in 1993, the year in which it became a member of the United Nations and the Council of Europe. Independence Paréage 1278. Official languages Catalan Area Total 468km²(196th).Population 2007 estimate 71,822 (194th) -
6:21The Battle of Albesa
The Battle of AlbesaThe Battle of Albesa
the Battle of Albesa was a follow-up to the Battle of Torà that took place 25 February 1003 at Albesa, near Balaguer, between the united Christian forces of Catalonia and the Islamic forces of the Caliphate of Córdoba. It was one of the border skirmishes associated with the interminable razzias of the Reconquista, described as "a simple encounter between local forces" and "a local action without overarching importance", though both these views are called into question by the assemblage of important Catalan leaders at the battle and the Muslim reprisal which followed. Berengar, the Bishop of Elne, was killed in the battle. His death is recorded in the Chronicon Rivipullense. The brief notice in the Chronicon Rotense reads: 1003. Factum est proelium Albesae cum sarracenis ("the battle of Albesa is made with the Saracens"). In the Alterum chronicon Rotense, more detail is given: Anno MIII. Factum est proelium in Albesa cum sarracenis ubi Berengarius Episcopus Elensis perimitur ("Year 1003. battle is made in Albesa with the Saracens, where Berengar, Bishop of Elne, was killed"). The date of 25 February 1003 comes from the only Arabic source to mention the battle, Ibn al-Faraḍī, who records that Sa‘īd bin Mūsā of Elvira "died in the battle of al-Māša near Balagué the Thursday ten days before the end of the month of Rabī’ al-Thānī in the year 393", that is of the Islamic calendar, being 25 February 1003 in the Anno Domini system. Évariste Lévi-Provençal, the French Orientalist, believed it took place on 27 February, since the Islamic day (20 Rabī’) began at sunset, though 27 February 1003 was not a Thursday. Félix Hernández Jiménez dated the battle of Albesa to the summer of 1003 because he connected it with the seizure of the castle of Castellolí—mentioned only in one Christian source—by Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffar, the Córdoban hajib. The Bayān al-Mugrib of Ibn Iḍārī records how Abd al-Malik was marching through lightly populated country toward Barcelona on first of Shawwal (3 August), and that sometime after this date he camped at al-Baṭḥā (possibly Albesa). Abd al-Malik proceeded to invade Urgell and raze the castles of Montmagastre and Meià. He may also have ravaged the territory of Manresa. At the end of this campaign, when he sent his vassals home, Abd al-Malik had captured 5,570 Christians and six of their castles. He had also destroyed 85 fortified places. In this expedition, according to Ibn Khaldūn (in a part of his chronicle based on Ibn Ḥayyān), Ermengol I of Urgell, who had initially rebelled, surrendered and was taken captive: Su hijo Ramon (Raymund) gobernó Barcelona y su hermano Ermengol (Armanqūd) sus fronteras. Luego Ermengol se sublevó contra ‘Abd al-Malik bin al-Manṣūr, quien le combatió y le capturó en sus fronteras, después de haber capitulado. His [Borrell II's] son Raymond [Borrel] governed Barcelona and his brother Ermengol its frontiers. Then Ermengol was in rebellion against ‘Abd al-Malik bin al-Manṣūr, who battled him and captured him in the marches, after having surrendered. His capture is connected sometimes with the battle of Albesa, and sometimes not. Ermengol was back in Urgell by 13 March 1004. A new bishop is recorded in Elne, in the records of the diocesan cartulary, on 11 October, a certain Frèdol. It is doubtful whether a new bishop could have been elected so fast if Berengar had died at the end of summer at a long distance from Elne, taking into account the time necessary for both news to travel and an election to be held and new bishop installed. The earlier date (February) coincides better with the timing of Berengar's death, which occurred at Albesa more certainly than Ermengol's capture. -
2:43Obertura de l'Any Jubilar de la Misericòrdia a Urgell
Obertura de l'Any Jubilar de la Misericòrdia a UrgellObertura de l'Any Jubilar de la Misericòrdia a Urgell
Moment d'obertura de la porta de la Catedral de Santa Maria d'Urgell i any jubilar a la diòcesi. Presideix Mons. Joan-Enric Vives. http://www.bisbaturgell.org/index.php/ca/mitjans-de-comunicacio/noticies/2015/7963-obertura-a-la-catedral-de-santa-maria-de-l-any-jubilar-de-la-misericordia -
1:50QR01 - THE CATHEDRAL (Eng)
QR01 - THE CATHEDRAL (Eng)QR01 - THE CATHEDRAL (Eng)
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0:53Brudieu (†1591) • Polyphonic Kyrie • SATB • Simple setting
Brudieu (†1591) • Polyphonic Kyrie • SATB • Simple settingBrudieu (†1591) • Polyphonic Kyrie • SATB • Simple setting
http://www.ccwatershed.org/kyrie/ Joan Brudieu (1520--1591) was an Catalan Spanish composer. Brudieu was born around 1520 in the diocese of Limoges and died in la Seu d'Urgell in 1591, but can generally be considered as a Spanish, since the few biographical details found him locate him in Catalonia. From 1539 was cantor at the Cathedral of Santa Maria d'Urgell, where he was ordained in 1546. In 1548 he was appointed choir master for life. In 1550 he traveled to his home country to acquire instruments for the chapel. In 1577 he retired to Balaguer, but after a year moved to become maestro di cappella at Santa Maria del Mar, Barcelona, which he left shortly afterwards, apparently due to health problems. Then in 1579 he returned to la Seu d'Urgell, where he remained until his death, having previously been replaced by Rafael Coma.
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Roman Catholic Diocese of Urgell
The Diocese of Urgell is a Roman Catholic diocese in Catalonia, Spain, and Andorra, with origins in the fifth century AD or possibly earlier.It is based in the region of the historical Catalan County of Urgell, though it has different borders.The seat and Cathedral of the bishop are situated in la Seu d'Urgell town.The state of Andorra is a part of this diocese. ---Image-Copyright-and-Permission--- About the author(s): Vilarrubla License: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (CC BY-SA 3.0) Author(s): Vilarrubla (https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Vilarrubla&action=edit&redlink=1) ---Image-Copyright-and-Permission--- This channel is dedicated to make Wikipedia, one of the biggest knowledge databases in the world available to people with limited vision. A...
published: 28 Aug 2016 -
QR04 - DIOCESAN MUSEUM OF URGELL (2) El Beatus de la Seu d'urgell (Eng)
published: 31 Oct 2015 -
Co-Principality of Andorra Explained: Why the President of France is a Prince
Andorra is a Co-Principality on the border of France and Spain. That means Andorra is ruled by two different Princes. The princes are the President of France and the Bishop of the Diocese of Urgell in Spain. A Principality is a monarchy, like a kingdom, but instead of being ruled by a king, a principality is rules by a prince. The title of prince is unrelated to be the child of a king, and is instead just a lower ranking title on the feudal ladder, but principalities are sovereign countries like any other. Andorra as a country is a relic of feudalism and a time when the catholic church would have lots of influence over the lands of europe. The Bishop of Urgell took control of Andorra in Medieval Times but required help in protecting it, so he enlisted the help of local feudal lords. Ev...
published: 10 Jan 2017 -
QR03 - DIOCESAN MUSEUM OF URGELL (1) (Eng)
published: 31 Oct 2015 -
Top 10 Largest Cities or Towns of Andorra
Thanks for watching......... 1) Andorra la Vella 2) Escaldes-Engordany 3) Encamp 4) Sant Julià de Lòria 5) La Massana 6) Santa Coloma 7) Ordino 8) El Pas de la Casa 9) Canillo 10) Arinsal Andorra ,officially the Principality of Andorra (Catalan: Principat d'Andorra), also called the Principality of the Valleys of Andorra[6] (Catalan: Principat de les Valls d'Andorra), is a landlocked microstate in Southwestern Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. It is the sixth smallest nation in Europe, having an area of 468 km2 (181 sq mi) and an estimated population of 85,000 in 2012.[2] Its capital, Andorra la Vella, is the highest capital city in Europe, at an elevation of 1,023 metres (3,356 ft) above sea level.[7] The official language is Catalan, alt...
published: 29 May 2014 -
Andorran's Images
http://theworld-youtube.blogspot.com/ Andorra officially the Principality of Andorra (Catalan: Principat d'Andorra), is a small landlocked country in Western Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. Once isolated, it is currently a prosperous country mainly because of tourism and its status as a tax haven. The people of Andorra are currently listed as having the highest human life expectancies in the world, at an average of 83.5 years at birth (2007 est) Contents.Tradition holds that Charles the Great (Charlemagne) granted a charter to Andorran people in return for fighting against the Moors. Overlordship of the territory passed to the local count of Urgell and eventually to the bishop of the diocese of Urgell. The Bishop then handed over the te...
published: 11 Aug 2008 -
The Battle of Albesa
the Battle of Albesa was a follow-up to the Battle of Torà that took place 25 February 1003 at Albesa, near Balaguer, between the united Christian forces of Catalonia and the Islamic forces of the Caliphate of Córdoba. It was one of the border skirmishes associated with the interminable razzias of the Reconquista, described as "a simple encounter between local forces" and "a local action without overarching importance", though both these views are called into question by the assemblage of important Catalan leaders at the battle and the Muslim reprisal which followed. Berengar, the Bishop of Elne, was killed in the battle. His death is recorded in the Chronicon Rivipullense. The brief notice in the Chronicon Rotense reads: 1003. Factum est proelium Albesae cum sarracenis ("the battle of Al...
published: 10 Jun 2015 -
Obertura de l'Any Jubilar de la Misericòrdia a Urgell
Moment d'obertura de la porta de la Catedral de Santa Maria d'Urgell i any jubilar a la diòcesi. Presideix Mons. Joan-Enric Vives. http://www.bisbaturgell.org/index.php/ca/mitjans-de-comunicacio/noticies/2015/7963-obertura-a-la-catedral-de-santa-maria-de-l-any-jubilar-de-la-misericordia
published: 13 Dec 2015 -
QR01 - THE CATHEDRAL (Eng)
published: 31 Oct 2015 -
Brudieu (†1591) • Polyphonic Kyrie • SATB • Simple setting
http://www.ccwatershed.org/kyrie/ Joan Brudieu (1520--1591) was an Catalan Spanish composer. Brudieu was born around 1520 in the diocese of Limoges and died in la Seu d'Urgell in 1591, but can generally be considered as a Spanish, since the few biographical details found him locate him in Catalonia. From 1539 was cantor at the Cathedral of Santa Maria d'Urgell, where he was ordained in 1546. In 1548 he was appointed choir master for life. In 1550 he traveled to his home country to acquire instruments for the chapel. In 1577 he retired to Balaguer, but after a year moved to become maestro di cappella at Santa Maria del Mar, Barcelona, which he left shortly afterwards, apparently due to health problems. Then in 1579 he returned to la Seu d'Urgell, where he remained until his death, having p...
published: 03 Feb 2012
Roman Catholic Diocese of Urgell
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:51
- Updated: 28 Aug 2016
- views: 3
The Diocese of Urgell is a Roman Catholic diocese in Catalonia, Spain, and Andorra, with origins in the fifth century AD or possibly earlier.It is based in the ...
The Diocese of Urgell is a Roman Catholic diocese in Catalonia, Spain, and Andorra, with origins in the fifth century AD or possibly earlier.It is based in the region of the historical Catalan County of Urgell, though it has different borders.The seat and Cathedral of the bishop are situated in la Seu d'Urgell town.The state of Andorra is a part of this diocese.
---Image-Copyright-and-Permission---
About the author(s): Vilarrubla
License: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (CC BY-SA 3.0)
Author(s): Vilarrubla (https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Vilarrubla&action=edit&redlink=1)
---Image-Copyright-and-Permission---
This channel is dedicated to make Wikipedia, one of the biggest knowledge databases in the world available to people with limited vision.
Article available under a Creative Commons license
Image source in video
https://wn.com/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_Of_Urgell
The Diocese of Urgell is a Roman Catholic diocese in Catalonia, Spain, and Andorra, with origins in the fifth century AD or possibly earlier.It is based in the region of the historical Catalan County of Urgell, though it has different borders.The seat and Cathedral of the bishop are situated in la Seu d'Urgell town.The state of Andorra is a part of this diocese.
---Image-Copyright-and-Permission---
About the author(s): Vilarrubla
License: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (CC BY-SA 3.0)
Author(s): Vilarrubla (https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Vilarrubla&action=edit&redlink=1)
---Image-Copyright-and-Permission---
This channel is dedicated to make Wikipedia, one of the biggest knowledge databases in the world available to people with limited vision.
Article available under a Creative Commons license
Image source in video
- published: 28 Aug 2016
- views: 3
QR04 - DIOCESAN MUSEUM OF URGELL (2) El Beatus de la Seu d'urgell (Eng)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:35
- Updated: 31 Oct 2015
- views: 24
- published: 31 Oct 2015
- views: 24
Co-Principality of Andorra Explained: Why the President of France is a Prince
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:47
- Updated: 10 Jan 2017
- views: 6380
Andorra is a Co-Principality on the border of France and Spain. That means Andorra is ruled by two different Princes.
The princes are the President of France ...
Andorra is a Co-Principality on the border of France and Spain. That means Andorra is ruled by two different Princes.
The princes are the President of France and the Bishop of the Diocese of Urgell in Spain.
A Principality is a monarchy, like a kingdom, but instead of being ruled by a king, a principality is rules by a prince. The title of prince is unrelated to be the child of a king, and is instead just a lower ranking title on the feudal ladder, but principalities are sovereign countries like any other.
Andorra as a country is a relic of feudalism and a time when the catholic church would have lots of influence over the lands of europe. The Bishop of Urgell took control of Andorra in Medieval Times but required help in protecting it, so he enlisted the help of local feudal lords. Eventually Andorra was turned into a Principality with two co-equal princes, the Bishop of Urgell and the feudal Lord that protected it.
As is the case with Feudalism, this responsibility was passed around to different feudal lords such as the count of Foix, the King of Navarre, and finally the king of France, who, because of Feudalism, was also the Count of Foix and King of Navarre and the prince of Andorra.
During the French Revolution, the new Republic of France renounced its right to a co-princehood of Andorra because they were against the feudalism that made the co-principality of Andorra exist.
However, Napoleon restored the title to himself. Since them the head of state of France has always been one of the two princes, and the other one always being the Bishop of Urgell.
This lead to the awkward situation of the President of France being a feudal lord. In 1993, Andorra adopted a modern constitution which ended feudalism and made Andorra a constitutional monarchy, albeit a weird one where it has two princes, one being the head of state of another country and the other being a bishop.
Thanks to M-Ray Usa for helping with pronounciations: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCax6YbZeEqL3f17HsDd3otg?&ab;_channel=M-RayUsa
Thanks to Jorge Romero for translating into Spanish https://www.youtube.com/user/The13Rome?&ab;_channel=JorgeRomero
Russian Federation Explained: https://youtu.be/qVoHAyEwhBc
Why countries are landlocked: https://youtu.be/YtYoLLQTLFQ
https://wn.com/Co_Principality_Of_Andorra_Explained_Why_The_President_Of_France_Is_A_Prince
Andorra is a Co-Principality on the border of France and Spain. That means Andorra is ruled by two different Princes.
The princes are the President of France and the Bishop of the Diocese of Urgell in Spain.
A Principality is a monarchy, like a kingdom, but instead of being ruled by a king, a principality is rules by a prince. The title of prince is unrelated to be the child of a king, and is instead just a lower ranking title on the feudal ladder, but principalities are sovereign countries like any other.
Andorra as a country is a relic of feudalism and a time when the catholic church would have lots of influence over the lands of europe. The Bishop of Urgell took control of Andorra in Medieval Times but required help in protecting it, so he enlisted the help of local feudal lords. Eventually Andorra was turned into a Principality with two co-equal princes, the Bishop of Urgell and the feudal Lord that protected it.
As is the case with Feudalism, this responsibility was passed around to different feudal lords such as the count of Foix, the King of Navarre, and finally the king of France, who, because of Feudalism, was also the Count of Foix and King of Navarre and the prince of Andorra.
During the French Revolution, the new Republic of France renounced its right to a co-princehood of Andorra because they were against the feudalism that made the co-principality of Andorra exist.
However, Napoleon restored the title to himself. Since them the head of state of France has always been one of the two princes, and the other one always being the Bishop of Urgell.
This lead to the awkward situation of the President of France being a feudal lord. In 1993, Andorra adopted a modern constitution which ended feudalism and made Andorra a constitutional monarchy, albeit a weird one where it has two princes, one being the head of state of another country and the other being a bishop.
Thanks to M-Ray Usa for helping with pronounciations: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCax6YbZeEqL3f17HsDd3otg?&ab;_channel=M-RayUsa
Thanks to Jorge Romero for translating into Spanish https://www.youtube.com/user/The13Rome?&ab;_channel=JorgeRomero
Russian Federation Explained: https://youtu.be/qVoHAyEwhBc
Why countries are landlocked: https://youtu.be/YtYoLLQTLFQ
- published: 10 Jan 2017
- views: 6380
QR03 - DIOCESAN MUSEUM OF URGELL (1) (Eng)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:51
- Updated: 31 Oct 2015
- views: 11
- published: 31 Oct 2015
- views: 11
Top 10 Largest Cities or Towns of Andorra
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:01
- Updated: 29 May 2014
- views: 238
Thanks for watching.........
1) Andorra la Vella
2) Escaldes-Engordany
3) Encamp
4) Sant Julià de Lòria
5) La Massana
6) Santa Coloma
7) Ordino
8) El Pas de la ...
Thanks for watching.........
1) Andorra la Vella
2) Escaldes-Engordany
3) Encamp
4) Sant Julià de Lòria
5) La Massana
6) Santa Coloma
7) Ordino
8) El Pas de la Casa
9) Canillo
10) Arinsal
Andorra ,officially the Principality of Andorra (Catalan: Principat d'Andorra), also called the Principality of the Valleys of Andorra[6] (Catalan: Principat de les Valls d'Andorra), is a landlocked microstate in Southwestern Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. It is the sixth smallest nation in Europe, having an area of 468 km2 (181 sq mi) and an estimated population of 85,000 in 2012.[2] Its capital, Andorra la Vella, is the highest capital city in Europe, at an elevation of 1,023 metres (3,356 ft) above sea level.[7] The official language is Catalan, although Spanish, Portuguese, and French are also commonly spoken.[8][9]
Created under a charter in A.D. 988, the present Principality was formed in A.D. 1278. It is known as a principality as it is a monarchy headed by two Co-Princes -- the Spanish/Roman Catholic Bishop of Urgell and the President of France.
Andorra is a prosperous country mainly because of its tourism industry, which services an estimated 10.2 million visitors annually,[10] and because of its status as a tax haven, although it is in the process of reforming its tax regime. It is not a member of the European Union, but the euro is the de facto currency. It has been a member of the United Nations since 1993.[11] The people of Andorra have the 3rd highest human life expectancy at birth in the world -- 84 years.
Tradition holds that Charles the Great (Charlemagne) granted a charter to the Andorran people in return for fighting against the Moors. Overlordship of the territory was by the Count of Urgell and eventually by the bishop of the Diocese of Urgell. In 988, Borrell II, Count of Urgell, gave the Andorran valleys to the Diocese of Urgell in exchange for land in Cerdanya.[13] Since then the Bishop of Urgell, based in Seu d'Urgell, has owned Andorra.[14]
Before 1095, Andorra did not have any type of military protection and the Bishop of Urgell, who knew that the Count of Urgell wanted to reclaim the Andorran valleys,[14] asked for help and protection from the Lord of Caboet. In 1095, the Lord of Caboet and the Bishop of Urgell signed under oath a declaration of their co-sovereignty over Andorra. Arnalda, daughter of Arnau of Caboet, married the Viscount of Castellbò and both became Viscounts of Castellbò and Cerdanya. Years later their daughter, Ermessenda,[15] married Roger Bernat II, the French Count of Foix. They became Roger Bernat II and Ermessenda I, Counts of Foix, Viscounts of Castellbò and Cerdanya, and co-sovereigns of Andorra (shared with the Bishop of Urgell).
In the 11th century, a dispute arose between the Bishop of Urgell and the Count of Foix. The conflict was resolved in 1278 with the mediation of Aragon by the signing of the first paréage which provided that Andorra's sovereignty be shared between the count of Foix[14] (whose title would ultimately transfer to the French head of state) and the Bishop of Urgell, in Catalonia. This gave the principality its territory and political form.
Over the years, the co-title to Andorra passed to the kings of Navarre. After Henry of Navarre became King Henry IV of France, he issued an edict in 1607 that established the head of the French state and the Bishop of Urgell as co-princes of Andorra. In 1812--13, the First French Empire annexed Catalonia and divided it in four départements, with Andorra being made part of the district of Puigcerdà (département of Sègre).
https://wn.com/Top_10_Largest_Cities_Or_Towns_Of_Andorra
Thanks for watching.........
1) Andorra la Vella
2) Escaldes-Engordany
3) Encamp
4) Sant Julià de Lòria
5) La Massana
6) Santa Coloma
7) Ordino
8) El Pas de la Casa
9) Canillo
10) Arinsal
Andorra ,officially the Principality of Andorra (Catalan: Principat d'Andorra), also called the Principality of the Valleys of Andorra[6] (Catalan: Principat de les Valls d'Andorra), is a landlocked microstate in Southwestern Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. It is the sixth smallest nation in Europe, having an area of 468 km2 (181 sq mi) and an estimated population of 85,000 in 2012.[2] Its capital, Andorra la Vella, is the highest capital city in Europe, at an elevation of 1,023 metres (3,356 ft) above sea level.[7] The official language is Catalan, although Spanish, Portuguese, and French are also commonly spoken.[8][9]
Created under a charter in A.D. 988, the present Principality was formed in A.D. 1278. It is known as a principality as it is a monarchy headed by two Co-Princes -- the Spanish/Roman Catholic Bishop of Urgell and the President of France.
Andorra is a prosperous country mainly because of its tourism industry, which services an estimated 10.2 million visitors annually,[10] and because of its status as a tax haven, although it is in the process of reforming its tax regime. It is not a member of the European Union, but the euro is the de facto currency. It has been a member of the United Nations since 1993.[11] The people of Andorra have the 3rd highest human life expectancy at birth in the world -- 84 years.
Tradition holds that Charles the Great (Charlemagne) granted a charter to the Andorran people in return for fighting against the Moors. Overlordship of the territory was by the Count of Urgell and eventually by the bishop of the Diocese of Urgell. In 988, Borrell II, Count of Urgell, gave the Andorran valleys to the Diocese of Urgell in exchange for land in Cerdanya.[13] Since then the Bishop of Urgell, based in Seu d'Urgell, has owned Andorra.[14]
Before 1095, Andorra did not have any type of military protection and the Bishop of Urgell, who knew that the Count of Urgell wanted to reclaim the Andorran valleys,[14] asked for help and protection from the Lord of Caboet. In 1095, the Lord of Caboet and the Bishop of Urgell signed under oath a declaration of their co-sovereignty over Andorra. Arnalda, daughter of Arnau of Caboet, married the Viscount of Castellbò and both became Viscounts of Castellbò and Cerdanya. Years later their daughter, Ermessenda,[15] married Roger Bernat II, the French Count of Foix. They became Roger Bernat II and Ermessenda I, Counts of Foix, Viscounts of Castellbò and Cerdanya, and co-sovereigns of Andorra (shared with the Bishop of Urgell).
In the 11th century, a dispute arose between the Bishop of Urgell and the Count of Foix. The conflict was resolved in 1278 with the mediation of Aragon by the signing of the first paréage which provided that Andorra's sovereignty be shared between the count of Foix[14] (whose title would ultimately transfer to the French head of state) and the Bishop of Urgell, in Catalonia. This gave the principality its territory and political form.
Over the years, the co-title to Andorra passed to the kings of Navarre. After Henry of Navarre became King Henry IV of France, he issued an edict in 1607 that established the head of the French state and the Bishop of Urgell as co-princes of Andorra. In 1812--13, the First French Empire annexed Catalonia and divided it in four départements, with Andorra being made part of the district of Puigcerdà (département of Sègre).
- published: 29 May 2014
- views: 238
Andorran's Images
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:55
- Updated: 11 Aug 2008
- views: 1477
http://theworld-youtube.blogspot.com/
Andorra officially the Principality of Andorra (Catalan: Principat d'Andorra), is a small landlocked country in Western E...
http://theworld-youtube.blogspot.com/
Andorra officially the Principality of Andorra (Catalan: Principat d'Andorra), is a small landlocked country in Western Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. Once isolated, it is currently a prosperous country mainly because of tourism and its status as a tax haven. The people of Andorra are currently listed as having the highest human life expectancies in the world, at an average of 83.5 years at birth (2007 est)
Contents.Tradition holds that Charles the Great (Charlemagne) granted a charter to Andorran people in return for fighting against the Moors. Overlordship of the territory passed to the local count of Urgell and eventually to the bishop of the diocese of Urgell. The Bishop then handed over the territory to the Lord of Caboet. The Caboet family married into the family of the French Count of Foix and through this marriage, the Count inherited all of the Spanish lord's land, including Andorra. In the eleventh century a dispute arose between the bishop and his northern neighbour over Andorra. The conflict was resolved in 1278 by the signing of a paréage, which provided that Andorra's sovereignty be shared between the count of Foix (whose title would ultimately transfer to the French head of state) and the bishop of La Seu d'Urgell, in Catalonia, Spain. This gave the small principality its territory and political form. Over the years the title passed to the kings of Navarre. After Henry of Navarre became King Henry IV of France, he issued an edict (1607) that established the head of the French state and the Bishop of Urgell as co-princes of Andorra. In the period 1812--13, the First French Empire annexed Catalonia and divided it in four départements. Andorra was also annexed and made part of the district of Puigcerdà (département of Sègre). Andorra declared war on Imperial Germany during World War I but did not actually take part in the fighting. It remained in an official state of belligerency until 1957 as it was not included in the Versailles Peace Treaty. In 1933 France occupied Andorra as a result of social unrest before elections. On July 12, 1934, an adventurer named Boris Skossyreff issued a proclamation in Urgell, declaring himself Boris I, sovereign prince of Andorra, simultaneously declaring war on the bishop of Urgell. He was arrested by Spanish authorities on July 20 and ultimately expelled from Spain. From 1936 to 1940, a French detachment was garrisoned in Andorra to prevent influences of the Spanish Civil War and Franco's Spain. Francoist troops reached the Andorran border in the later stages of the war.
During World War II, Andorra remained neutral and was an important smuggling route between Vichy France and Spain.Given its relative isolation, Andorra has existed outside the mainstream of European history, with few ties to countries other than France and Spain. In recent times, however, its thriving tourist industry along with developments in transportation and communications have removed the country from its isolation. Its political system was thoroughly modernized in 1993, the year in which it became a member of the United Nations and the Council of Europe. Independence Paréage 1278. Official languages Catalan
Area Total 468km²(196th).Population 2007 estimate 71,822 (194th)
https://wn.com/Andorran's_Images
http://theworld-youtube.blogspot.com/
Andorra officially the Principality of Andorra (Catalan: Principat d'Andorra), is a small landlocked country in Western Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. Once isolated, it is currently a prosperous country mainly because of tourism and its status as a tax haven. The people of Andorra are currently listed as having the highest human life expectancies in the world, at an average of 83.5 years at birth (2007 est)
Contents.Tradition holds that Charles the Great (Charlemagne) granted a charter to Andorran people in return for fighting against the Moors. Overlordship of the territory passed to the local count of Urgell and eventually to the bishop of the diocese of Urgell. The Bishop then handed over the territory to the Lord of Caboet. The Caboet family married into the family of the French Count of Foix and through this marriage, the Count inherited all of the Spanish lord's land, including Andorra. In the eleventh century a dispute arose between the bishop and his northern neighbour over Andorra. The conflict was resolved in 1278 by the signing of a paréage, which provided that Andorra's sovereignty be shared between the count of Foix (whose title would ultimately transfer to the French head of state) and the bishop of La Seu d'Urgell, in Catalonia, Spain. This gave the small principality its territory and political form. Over the years the title passed to the kings of Navarre. After Henry of Navarre became King Henry IV of France, he issued an edict (1607) that established the head of the French state and the Bishop of Urgell as co-princes of Andorra. In the period 1812--13, the First French Empire annexed Catalonia and divided it in four départements. Andorra was also annexed and made part of the district of Puigcerdà (département of Sègre). Andorra declared war on Imperial Germany during World War I but did not actually take part in the fighting. It remained in an official state of belligerency until 1957 as it was not included in the Versailles Peace Treaty. In 1933 France occupied Andorra as a result of social unrest before elections. On July 12, 1934, an adventurer named Boris Skossyreff issued a proclamation in Urgell, declaring himself Boris I, sovereign prince of Andorra, simultaneously declaring war on the bishop of Urgell. He was arrested by Spanish authorities on July 20 and ultimately expelled from Spain. From 1936 to 1940, a French detachment was garrisoned in Andorra to prevent influences of the Spanish Civil War and Franco's Spain. Francoist troops reached the Andorran border in the later stages of the war.
During World War II, Andorra remained neutral and was an important smuggling route between Vichy France and Spain.Given its relative isolation, Andorra has existed outside the mainstream of European history, with few ties to countries other than France and Spain. In recent times, however, its thriving tourist industry along with developments in transportation and communications have removed the country from its isolation. Its political system was thoroughly modernized in 1993, the year in which it became a member of the United Nations and the Council of Europe. Independence Paréage 1278. Official languages Catalan
Area Total 468km²(196th).Population 2007 estimate 71,822 (194th)
- published: 11 Aug 2008
- views: 1477
The Battle of Albesa
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:21
- Updated: 10 Jun 2015
- views: 18
the Battle of Albesa was a follow-up to the Battle of Torà that took place 25 February 1003 at Albesa, near Balaguer, between the united Christian forces of Cat...
the Battle of Albesa was a follow-up to the Battle of Torà that took place 25 February 1003 at Albesa, near Balaguer, between the united Christian forces of Catalonia and the Islamic forces of the Caliphate of Córdoba. It was one of the border skirmishes associated with the interminable razzias of the Reconquista, described as "a simple encounter between local forces" and "a local action without overarching importance", though both these views are called into question by the assemblage of important Catalan leaders at the battle and the Muslim reprisal which followed.
Berengar, the Bishop of Elne, was killed in the battle. His death is recorded in the Chronicon Rivipullense. The brief notice in the Chronicon Rotense reads: 1003. Factum est proelium Albesae cum sarracenis ("the battle of Albesa is made with the Saracens"). In the Alterum chronicon Rotense, more detail is given: Anno MIII. Factum est proelium in Albesa cum sarracenis ubi Berengarius Episcopus Elensis perimitur ("Year 1003. battle is made in Albesa with the Saracens, where Berengar, Bishop of Elne, was killed").
The date of 25 February 1003 comes from the only Arabic source to mention the battle, Ibn al-Faraḍī, who records that Sa‘īd bin Mūsā of Elvira "died in the battle of al-Māša near Balagué the Thursday ten days before the end of the month of Rabī’ al-Thānī in the year 393", that is of the Islamic calendar, being 25 February 1003 in the Anno Domini system. Évariste Lévi-Provençal, the French Orientalist, believed it took place on 27 February, since the Islamic day (20 Rabī’) began at sunset, though 27 February 1003 was not a Thursday.
Félix Hernández Jiménez dated the battle of Albesa to the summer of 1003 because he connected it with the seizure of the castle of Castellolí—mentioned only in one Christian source—by Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffar, the Córdoban hajib. The Bayān al-Mugrib of Ibn Iḍārī records how Abd al-Malik was marching through lightly populated country toward Barcelona on first of Shawwal (3 August), and that sometime after this date he camped at al-Baṭḥā (possibly Albesa). Abd al-Malik proceeded to invade Urgell and raze the castles of Montmagastre and Meià. He may also have ravaged the territory of Manresa. At the end of this campaign, when he sent his vassals home, Abd al-Malik had captured 5,570 Christians and six of their castles. He had also destroyed 85 fortified places.
In this expedition, according to Ibn Khaldūn (in a part of his chronicle based on Ibn Ḥayyān), Ermengol I of Urgell, who had initially rebelled, surrendered and was taken captive:
Su hijo Ramon (Raymund) gobernó Barcelona y su hermano Ermengol (Armanqūd) sus fronteras. Luego Ermengol se sublevó contra ‘Abd al-Malik bin al-Manṣūr, quien le combatió y le capturó en sus fronteras, después de haber capitulado.
His [Borrell II's] son Raymond [Borrel] governed Barcelona and his brother Ermengol its frontiers. Then Ermengol was in rebellion against ‘Abd al-Malik bin al-Manṣūr, who battled him and captured him in the marches, after having surrendered.
His capture is connected sometimes with the battle of Albesa, and sometimes not. Ermengol was back in Urgell by 13 March 1004.
A new bishop is recorded in Elne, in the records of the diocesan cartulary, on 11 October, a certain Frèdol. It is doubtful whether a new bishop could have been elected so fast if Berengar had died at the end of summer at a long distance from Elne, taking into account the time necessary for both news to travel and an election to be held and new bishop installed. The earlier date (February) coincides better with the timing of Berengar's death, which occurred at Albesa more certainly than Ermengol's capture.
https://wn.com/The_Battle_Of_Albesa
the Battle of Albesa was a follow-up to the Battle of Torà that took place 25 February 1003 at Albesa, near Balaguer, between the united Christian forces of Catalonia and the Islamic forces of the Caliphate of Córdoba. It was one of the border skirmishes associated with the interminable razzias of the Reconquista, described as "a simple encounter between local forces" and "a local action without overarching importance", though both these views are called into question by the assemblage of important Catalan leaders at the battle and the Muslim reprisal which followed.
Berengar, the Bishop of Elne, was killed in the battle. His death is recorded in the Chronicon Rivipullense. The brief notice in the Chronicon Rotense reads: 1003. Factum est proelium Albesae cum sarracenis ("the battle of Albesa is made with the Saracens"). In the Alterum chronicon Rotense, more detail is given: Anno MIII. Factum est proelium in Albesa cum sarracenis ubi Berengarius Episcopus Elensis perimitur ("Year 1003. battle is made in Albesa with the Saracens, where Berengar, Bishop of Elne, was killed").
The date of 25 February 1003 comes from the only Arabic source to mention the battle, Ibn al-Faraḍī, who records that Sa‘īd bin Mūsā of Elvira "died in the battle of al-Māša near Balagué the Thursday ten days before the end of the month of Rabī’ al-Thānī in the year 393", that is of the Islamic calendar, being 25 February 1003 in the Anno Domini system. Évariste Lévi-Provençal, the French Orientalist, believed it took place on 27 February, since the Islamic day (20 Rabī’) began at sunset, though 27 February 1003 was not a Thursday.
Félix Hernández Jiménez dated the battle of Albesa to the summer of 1003 because he connected it with the seizure of the castle of Castellolí—mentioned only in one Christian source—by Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffar, the Córdoban hajib. The Bayān al-Mugrib of Ibn Iḍārī records how Abd al-Malik was marching through lightly populated country toward Barcelona on first of Shawwal (3 August), and that sometime after this date he camped at al-Baṭḥā (possibly Albesa). Abd al-Malik proceeded to invade Urgell and raze the castles of Montmagastre and Meià. He may also have ravaged the territory of Manresa. At the end of this campaign, when he sent his vassals home, Abd al-Malik had captured 5,570 Christians and six of their castles. He had also destroyed 85 fortified places.
In this expedition, according to Ibn Khaldūn (in a part of his chronicle based on Ibn Ḥayyān), Ermengol I of Urgell, who had initially rebelled, surrendered and was taken captive:
Su hijo Ramon (Raymund) gobernó Barcelona y su hermano Ermengol (Armanqūd) sus fronteras. Luego Ermengol se sublevó contra ‘Abd al-Malik bin al-Manṣūr, quien le combatió y le capturó en sus fronteras, después de haber capitulado.
His [Borrell II's] son Raymond [Borrel] governed Barcelona and his brother Ermengol its frontiers. Then Ermengol was in rebellion against ‘Abd al-Malik bin al-Manṣūr, who battled him and captured him in the marches, after having surrendered.
His capture is connected sometimes with the battle of Albesa, and sometimes not. Ermengol was back in Urgell by 13 March 1004.
A new bishop is recorded in Elne, in the records of the diocesan cartulary, on 11 October, a certain Frèdol. It is doubtful whether a new bishop could have been elected so fast if Berengar had died at the end of summer at a long distance from Elne, taking into account the time necessary for both news to travel and an election to be held and new bishop installed. The earlier date (February) coincides better with the timing of Berengar's death, which occurred at Albesa more certainly than Ermengol's capture.
- published: 10 Jun 2015
- views: 18
Obertura de l'Any Jubilar de la Misericòrdia a Urgell
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:43
- Updated: 13 Dec 2015
- views: 246
Moment d'obertura de la porta de la Catedral de Santa Maria d'Urgell i any jubilar a la diòcesi. Presideix Mons. Joan-Enric Vives.
http://www.bisbaturgell.org/i...
Moment d'obertura de la porta de la Catedral de Santa Maria d'Urgell i any jubilar a la diòcesi. Presideix Mons. Joan-Enric Vives.
http://www.bisbaturgell.org/index.php/ca/mitjans-de-comunicacio/noticies/2015/7963-obertura-a-la-catedral-de-santa-maria-de-l-any-jubilar-de-la-misericordia
https://wn.com/Obertura_De_L'Any_Jubilar_De_La_Misericòrdia_A_Urgell
Moment d'obertura de la porta de la Catedral de Santa Maria d'Urgell i any jubilar a la diòcesi. Presideix Mons. Joan-Enric Vives.
http://www.bisbaturgell.org/index.php/ca/mitjans-de-comunicacio/noticies/2015/7963-obertura-a-la-catedral-de-santa-maria-de-l-any-jubilar-de-la-misericordia
- published: 13 Dec 2015
- views: 246
QR01 - THE CATHEDRAL (Eng)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:50
- Updated: 31 Oct 2015
- views: 20
- published: 31 Oct 2015
- views: 20
Brudieu (†1591) • Polyphonic Kyrie • SATB • Simple setting
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:53
- Updated: 03 Feb 2012
- views: 2302
http://www.ccwatershed.org/kyrie/
Joan Brudieu (1520--1591) was an Catalan Spanish composer. Brudieu was born around 1520 in the diocese of Limoges and died in...
http://www.ccwatershed.org/kyrie/
Joan Brudieu (1520--1591) was an Catalan Spanish composer. Brudieu was born around 1520 in the diocese of Limoges and died in la Seu d'Urgell in 1591, but can generally be considered as a Spanish, since the few biographical details found him locate him in Catalonia.
From 1539 was cantor at the Cathedral of Santa Maria d'Urgell, where he was ordained in 1546. In 1548 he was appointed choir master for life. In 1550 he traveled to his home country to acquire instruments for the chapel.
In 1577 he retired to Balaguer, but after a year moved to become maestro di cappella at Santa Maria del Mar, Barcelona, which he left shortly afterwards, apparently due to health problems. Then in 1579 he returned to la Seu d'Urgell, where he remained until his death, having previously been replaced by Rafael Coma.
https://wn.com/Brudieu_(†1591)_•_Polyphonic_Kyrie_•_Satb_•_Simple_Setting
http://www.ccwatershed.org/kyrie/
Joan Brudieu (1520--1591) was an Catalan Spanish composer. Brudieu was born around 1520 in the diocese of Limoges and died in la Seu d'Urgell in 1591, but can generally be considered as a Spanish, since the few biographical details found him locate him in Catalonia.
From 1539 was cantor at the Cathedral of Santa Maria d'Urgell, where he was ordained in 1546. In 1548 he was appointed choir master for life. In 1550 he traveled to his home country to acquire instruments for the chapel.
In 1577 he retired to Balaguer, but after a year moved to become maestro di cappella at Santa Maria del Mar, Barcelona, which he left shortly afterwards, apparently due to health problems. Then in 1579 he returned to la Seu d'Urgell, where he remained until his death, having previously been replaced by Rafael Coma.
- published: 03 Feb 2012
- views: 2302
-
Old Cathedral of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain, Europe
The Cathedral of St. Mary of La Seu Vella is the former cathedral church of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Lleida, in Lleida, Catalonia, Spain, located on top of Lleida hill. In 1707, the Gothic cathedral was turned into a military citadel by decision of King Philip V of Spain. The new cathedral, known as the Seu Nova and located downhill at Carrer Major, was consecrated in 1781. Nevertheless, the Seu Vella is the defining monument of Lleida, the symbol of the city, being visible from its hilltop site anywhere in the city. The site was previously occupied by a Palaeo-Christian and Visigothic cathedral, which later, after the Islamic conquest of Spain, was rebuilt in 832 to be used as a mosque. In 1149, after the city's conquest by the Christian Ramon Berenguer IV of Barcelona and Ermengol V...
published: 08 Jan 2017 -
Andorra la Vella - People walking in the streets
Andorra UFO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6aAXSQc5bxg Created under a charter in A.D. 988, the present Principality was formed in A.D. 1278. It is known as a principality as it is a monarchy headed by two Co-Princes – the Spanish/Roman Catholic Bishop of Urgell and the President of France. Andorra UFO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6aAXSQc5bxg Andorra is a prosperous country, mainly because of its tourism industry, which services an estimated 10.2 million visitors annually. Andorra is a landlocked microstate in Southwestern Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. It is the sixth smallest nation in Europe, having an area of 468 km2 (181 sq mi) and an estimated population of 85,000 in 2012.
published: 15 Sep 2014 -
Romanesque Architecture
Some basics of medieval church architecture.
published: 22 Jul 2009 -
St Mary's Cathedral and St Michael's Church at Hildesheim (UNESCO/NHK)
St Michael's Church was built between 1010 and 1020 on a symmetrical plan with two apses that was characteristic of Ottonian Romanesque art in Old Saxony. Its interior, in particular the wooden ceiling and painted stucco-work, its famous bronze doors and the Bernward bronze column, are -- together with the treasures of St Mary's Cathedral -- of exceptional interest as examples of the Romanesque churches of the Holy Roman Empire. Source: UNESCO TV / © NHK Nippon Hoso Kyokai URL: http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/187/
published: 03 Jun 2010 -
Balearic Islands
The Balearic Islands (English /ˌbæliˈærɨk ˈaɪləndz/; Catalan: Illes Balears [ˈiʎəz βəɫəˈas]; Spanish: Islas Baleares [ˈislas βaleˈaɾes]) are an archipelago of Spain in the western Mediterranean Sea, near the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula. The four largest islands are: Majorca, Minorca, Ibiza and Formentera. The archipelago forms an autonomous community and a province of Spain, with Palma as the capital. The co-official languages in the Balearic Islands are Catalan and Spanish. The current Statute of Autonomy declares the Balearic Islands as one nationality of Spain. This video is targeted to blind users. Attribution: Article text available under CC-BY-SA Creative Commons image source in video
published: 27 Aug 2014 -
Andorra
Andorra , officially the Principality of Andorra , also called the Principality of the Valleys of Andorra , is a landlocked microstate in Southwestern Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. It is the sixth smallest nation in Europe, having an area of 468 km2 and an estimated population of 85,000 in 2012. Its capital, Andorra la Vella, is the highest capital city in Europe, at an elevation of 1,023 metres above sea level. The official language is Catalan, although Spanish, Portuguese, and French are also commonly spoken. This video targeted to blind users. Attribution: Article text available under CC-BY-SA Public domain image source in video
published: 03 May 2014 -
Catalonia
Catalonia /kætəˈloʊniə/ (Catalan: Catalunya; Occitan: Catalonha; Spanish: Cataluña) is an autonomous community of Spain, designated a "nationality" by its Statute of Autonomy. Catalonia comprises four provinces: Barcelona, Girona, Lleida, and Tarragona. The capital and largest city is Barcelona, the second largest city in Spain, and the centre of one of the largest metropolitan areas in Europe, and it comprises most of the territory of the former Principality of Catalonia, with the remainder now part of France. Catalonia is bordered by France and Andorra to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the east, and the Spanish regions of Aragon and the Valencian Community to west and south respectively. The official languages are Spanish, Catalan, and Aranese (an Occitan dialect). In the 10th centu...
published: 19 Jul 2014 -
Regensburg
Regensburg (German pronunciation: [ˈʁeɡənsbʊɐ̯k]) is a city in Bavaria, Germany, at the confluence of the Danube and Regen River. To the east lies the Bavarian Forest. Regensburg is the capital of the Bavarian administrative region Upper Palatinate. The medieval centre of the city is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Generally known in English as Ratisbon until well into the twentieth century. The city is known as Ratisbonne in French. This video is targeted to blind users. Attribution: Article text available under CC-BY-SA Creative Commons image source in video
published: 04 Oct 2014
Old Cathedral of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain, Europe
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:28
- Updated: 08 Jan 2017
- views: 7
The Cathedral of St. Mary of La Seu Vella is the former cathedral church of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Lleida, in Lleida, Catalonia, Spain, located on top of...
The Cathedral of St. Mary of La Seu Vella is the former cathedral church of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Lleida, in Lleida, Catalonia, Spain, located on top of Lleida hill. In 1707, the Gothic cathedral was turned into a military citadel by decision of King Philip V of Spain. The new cathedral, known as the Seu Nova and located downhill at Carrer Major, was consecrated in 1781. Nevertheless, the Seu Vella is the defining monument of Lleida, the symbol of the city, being visible from its hilltop site anywhere in the city. The site was previously occupied by a Palaeo-Christian and Visigothic cathedral, which later, after the Islamic conquest of Spain, was rebuilt in 832 to be used as a mosque. In 1149, after the city's conquest by the Christian Ramon Berenguer IV of Barcelona and Ermengol VI of Urgell (1149), the structure was reconsecrated as "Santa Maria Antiqua", and entrusted to canons regular. In 1193, however, the Lleida cathedral chapter ordered the construction of a new edifice, following the contemporary Romanesque architectural canons, to master Pere de Coma. The first stone was laid in 1203 by King Peter II of Aragon and count Ermengol VII of Urgell. Construction continued throughout the reign of James I of Aragon. It was consecrated to the Virgin Mary on 31 October 1278. The cloisters were not completed until the 14th century, at which time work on the belltower was begun. It was finished in 1431. In 1707, the city was conquered by the troops of Philip V: the king ordered the destruction of the cathedral because it has taken a prominent part in the city's defense. Nevertheless, the order was never executed, and the cathedral was converted into barracks. The building was declared a national monument in 1918, and restoration works were started in 1950. The cathedral is designed in a transitional style between Romanesque and Gothic. It lacks almost any influence of Islamic architecture. The floor plan is of a basilica in a Latin cross with a nave and two aisles. The tower is octagonal with a central space of five apses. The interior was decorated in painted murals and sculpture, much of which is still preserved, but much of which has been despoiled during the War of Spanish Succession. The octagonal tower is 12.65 metres (41.5 ft) in diameter at its base, but 9.62 metres (31.6 ft) at the top. Its maximum height is 60.00 metres (196.85 ft) and it contains 238 steps. A bell named Mònica announces the quarter-hours and one Silvestra announces the hours. The bells are of the international Gothic style of the 15th century. The cloister is unusually placed in front of the main entrance of the church, and is notable for both its rare opened gallery with views over the city and for its extraordinary size. In fact, this cloister has been regarded as one of the largest cloisters in Europe. This cloister has 17 ornate Gothic windows, each them different. Among them, one could point out the Muslim window of "the palmtrees" and the central one of the westernmost wing, with a complex decoration witch includes both a King David's Star and a Christian cross.
https://wn.com/Old_Cathedral_Of_Lleida,_Lleida,_Catalonia,_Spain,_Europe
The Cathedral of St. Mary of La Seu Vella is the former cathedral church of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Lleida, in Lleida, Catalonia, Spain, located on top of Lleida hill. In 1707, the Gothic cathedral was turned into a military citadel by decision of King Philip V of Spain. The new cathedral, known as the Seu Nova and located downhill at Carrer Major, was consecrated in 1781. Nevertheless, the Seu Vella is the defining monument of Lleida, the symbol of the city, being visible from its hilltop site anywhere in the city. The site was previously occupied by a Palaeo-Christian and Visigothic cathedral, which later, after the Islamic conquest of Spain, was rebuilt in 832 to be used as a mosque. In 1149, after the city's conquest by the Christian Ramon Berenguer IV of Barcelona and Ermengol VI of Urgell (1149), the structure was reconsecrated as "Santa Maria Antiqua", and entrusted to canons regular. In 1193, however, the Lleida cathedral chapter ordered the construction of a new edifice, following the contemporary Romanesque architectural canons, to master Pere de Coma. The first stone was laid in 1203 by King Peter II of Aragon and count Ermengol VII of Urgell. Construction continued throughout the reign of James I of Aragon. It was consecrated to the Virgin Mary on 31 October 1278. The cloisters were not completed until the 14th century, at which time work on the belltower was begun. It was finished in 1431. In 1707, the city was conquered by the troops of Philip V: the king ordered the destruction of the cathedral because it has taken a prominent part in the city's defense. Nevertheless, the order was never executed, and the cathedral was converted into barracks. The building was declared a national monument in 1918, and restoration works were started in 1950. The cathedral is designed in a transitional style between Romanesque and Gothic. It lacks almost any influence of Islamic architecture. The floor plan is of a basilica in a Latin cross with a nave and two aisles. The tower is octagonal with a central space of five apses. The interior was decorated in painted murals and sculpture, much of which is still preserved, but much of which has been despoiled during the War of Spanish Succession. The octagonal tower is 12.65 metres (41.5 ft) in diameter at its base, but 9.62 metres (31.6 ft) at the top. Its maximum height is 60.00 metres (196.85 ft) and it contains 238 steps. A bell named Mònica announces the quarter-hours and one Silvestra announces the hours. The bells are of the international Gothic style of the 15th century. The cloister is unusually placed in front of the main entrance of the church, and is notable for both its rare opened gallery with views over the city and for its extraordinary size. In fact, this cloister has been regarded as one of the largest cloisters in Europe. This cloister has 17 ornate Gothic windows, each them different. Among them, one could point out the Muslim window of "the palmtrees" and the central one of the westernmost wing, with a complex decoration witch includes both a King David's Star and a Christian cross.
- published: 08 Jan 2017
- views: 7
Andorra la Vella - People walking in the streets
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:43
- Updated: 15 Sep 2014
- views: 590
Andorra UFO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6aAXSQc5bxg
Created under a charter in A.D. 988, the present Principality was formed in A.D. 1278. It is known as ...
Andorra UFO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6aAXSQc5bxg
Created under a charter in A.D. 988, the present Principality was formed in A.D. 1278. It is known as a principality as it is a monarchy headed by two Co-Princes – the Spanish/Roman Catholic Bishop of Urgell and the President of France.
Andorra UFO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6aAXSQc5bxg
Andorra is a prosperous country, mainly because of its tourism industry, which services an estimated 10.2 million visitors annually.
Andorra is a landlocked microstate in Southwestern Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. It is the sixth smallest nation in Europe, having an area of 468 km2 (181 sq mi) and an estimated population of 85,000 in 2012.
https://wn.com/Andorra_La_Vella_People_Walking_In_The_Streets
Andorra UFO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6aAXSQc5bxg
Created under a charter in A.D. 988, the present Principality was formed in A.D. 1278. It is known as a principality as it is a monarchy headed by two Co-Princes – the Spanish/Roman Catholic Bishop of Urgell and the President of France.
Andorra UFO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6aAXSQc5bxg
Andorra is a prosperous country, mainly because of its tourism industry, which services an estimated 10.2 million visitors annually.
Andorra is a landlocked microstate in Southwestern Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. It is the sixth smallest nation in Europe, having an area of 468 km2 (181 sq mi) and an estimated population of 85,000 in 2012.
- published: 15 Sep 2014
- views: 590
Romanesque Architecture
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:36
- Updated: 22 Jul 2009
- views: 35787
Some basics of medieval church architecture.
Some basics of medieval church architecture.
https://wn.com/Romanesque_Architecture
Some basics of medieval church architecture.
- published: 22 Jul 2009
- views: 35787
St Mary's Cathedral and St Michael's Church at Hildesheim (UNESCO/NHK)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:42
- Updated: 03 Jun 2010
- views: 0
St Michael's Church was built between 1010 and 1020 on a symmetrical plan with two apses that was characteristic of Ottonian Romanesque art in Old Saxony. Its i...
St Michael's Church was built between 1010 and 1020 on a symmetrical plan with two apses that was characteristic of Ottonian Romanesque art in Old Saxony. Its interior, in particular the wooden ceiling and painted stucco-work, its famous bronze doors and the Bernward bronze column, are -- together with the treasures of St Mary's Cathedral -- of exceptional interest as examples of the Romanesque churches of the Holy Roman Empire.
Source: UNESCO TV / © NHK Nippon Hoso Kyokai
URL: http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/187/
https://wn.com/St_Mary's_Cathedral_And_St_Michael's_Church_At_Hildesheim_(Unesco_Nhk)
St Michael's Church was built between 1010 and 1020 on a symmetrical plan with two apses that was characteristic of Ottonian Romanesque art in Old Saxony. Its interior, in particular the wooden ceiling and painted stucco-work, its famous bronze doors and the Bernward bronze column, are -- together with the treasures of St Mary's Cathedral -- of exceptional interest as examples of the Romanesque churches of the Holy Roman Empire.
Source: UNESCO TV / © NHK Nippon Hoso Kyokai
URL: http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/187/
- published: 03 Jun 2010
- views: 0
Balearic Islands
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 20:09
- Updated: 27 Aug 2014
- views: 129
The Balearic Islands (English /ˌbæliˈærɨk ˈaɪləndz/; Catalan: Illes Balears [ˈiʎəz βəɫəˈas]; Spanish: Islas Baleares [ˈislas βaleˈaɾes]) are an archipelago of S...
The Balearic Islands (English /ˌbæliˈærɨk ˈaɪləndz/; Catalan: Illes Balears [ˈiʎəz βəɫəˈas]; Spanish: Islas Baleares [ˈislas βaleˈaɾes]) are an archipelago of Spain in the western Mediterranean Sea, near the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula.
The four largest islands are: Majorca, Minorca, Ibiza and Formentera. The archipelago forms an autonomous community and a province of Spain, with Palma as the capital. The co-official languages in the Balearic Islands are Catalan and Spanish. The current Statute of Autonomy declares the Balearic Islands as one nationality of Spain.
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The Balearic Islands (English /ˌbæliˈærɨk ˈaɪləndz/; Catalan: Illes Balears [ˈiʎəz βəɫəˈas]; Spanish: Islas Baleares [ˈislas βaleˈaɾes]) are an archipelago of Spain in the western Mediterranean Sea, near the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula.
The four largest islands are: Majorca, Minorca, Ibiza and Formentera. The archipelago forms an autonomous community and a province of Spain, with Palma as the capital. The co-official languages in the Balearic Islands are Catalan and Spanish. The current Statute of Autonomy declares the Balearic Islands as one nationality of Spain.
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- published: 27 Aug 2014
- views: 129
Andorra
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 32:24
- Updated: 03 May 2014
- views: 386
Andorra , officially the Principality of Andorra , also called the Principality of the Valleys of Andorra , is a landlocked microstate in Southwestern Europe, l...
Andorra , officially the Principality of Andorra , also called the Principality of the Valleys of Andorra , is a landlocked microstate in Southwestern Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. It is the sixth smallest nation in Europe, having an area of 468 km2 and an estimated population of 85,000 in 2012. Its capital, Andorra la Vella, is the highest capital city in Europe, at an elevation of 1,023 metres above sea level. The official language is Catalan, although Spanish, Portuguese, and French are also commonly spoken.
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Andorra , officially the Principality of Andorra , also called the Principality of the Valleys of Andorra , is a landlocked microstate in Southwestern Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France. It is the sixth smallest nation in Europe, having an area of 468 km2 and an estimated population of 85,000 in 2012. Its capital, Andorra la Vella, is the highest capital city in Europe, at an elevation of 1,023 metres above sea level. The official language is Catalan, although Spanish, Portuguese, and French are also commonly spoken.
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- published: 03 May 2014
- views: 386
Catalonia
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 49:58
- Updated: 19 Jul 2014
- views: 46
Catalonia /kætəˈloʊniə/ (Catalan: Catalunya; Occitan: Catalonha; Spanish: Cataluña) is an autonomous community of Spain, designated a "nationality" by its Statu...
Catalonia /kætəˈloʊniə/ (Catalan: Catalunya; Occitan: Catalonha; Spanish: Cataluña) is an autonomous community of Spain, designated a "nationality" by its Statute of Autonomy. Catalonia comprises four provinces: Barcelona, Girona, Lleida, and Tarragona. The capital and largest city is Barcelona, the second largest city in Spain, and the centre of one of the largest metropolitan areas in Europe, and it comprises most of the territory of the former Principality of Catalonia, with the remainder now part of France. Catalonia is bordered by France and Andorra to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the east, and the Spanish regions of Aragon and the Valencian Community to west and south respectively. The official languages are Spanish, Catalan, and Aranese (an Occitan dialect).
In the 10th century the eastern counties of the March of Gothia and the Marca Hispanica became independent from the Frankish kingdom, uniting as vassals of Barcelona. In 1137 Barcelona and Aragon formed the Crown of Aragon, and Catalonia became a maritime power and the main base for the Crown of Aragon's naval power and expansionism in the Mediterranean. Medieval Catalan literature flourished. Between 1469 and 1516, the King of Aragon and the Queen of Castille married and ruled together their kingdoms, retaining all their distinct institutions, Courts, Constitution. During the Reapers' War (1640--52), Catalonia rebelled against the presence of Castillian army in its territory, becoming a republic under French protection. Under the terms of the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659, which ended the wider Franco-Castillian war, Castille agreed with France to cede it the northern parts of Catalonia, mostly incorporated in the county of Roussillon. During the War of the Spanish Succession (1701--14), the Crown of Aragon sided against Philip V of Spain, whose subsequent victory led to the abolition of Catalan institutions and the imposition of the Castillian ones, and the replacement of Catalan with the Spanish language in public life.
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Catalonia /kætəˈloʊniə/ (Catalan: Catalunya; Occitan: Catalonha; Spanish: Cataluña) is an autonomous community of Spain, designated a "nationality" by its Statute of Autonomy. Catalonia comprises four provinces: Barcelona, Girona, Lleida, and Tarragona. The capital and largest city is Barcelona, the second largest city in Spain, and the centre of one of the largest metropolitan areas in Europe, and it comprises most of the territory of the former Principality of Catalonia, with the remainder now part of France. Catalonia is bordered by France and Andorra to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the east, and the Spanish regions of Aragon and the Valencian Community to west and south respectively. The official languages are Spanish, Catalan, and Aranese (an Occitan dialect).
In the 10th century the eastern counties of the March of Gothia and the Marca Hispanica became independent from the Frankish kingdom, uniting as vassals of Barcelona. In 1137 Barcelona and Aragon formed the Crown of Aragon, and Catalonia became a maritime power and the main base for the Crown of Aragon's naval power and expansionism in the Mediterranean. Medieval Catalan literature flourished. Between 1469 and 1516, the King of Aragon and the Queen of Castille married and ruled together their kingdoms, retaining all their distinct institutions, Courts, Constitution. During the Reapers' War (1640--52), Catalonia rebelled against the presence of Castillian army in its territory, becoming a republic under French protection. Under the terms of the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659, which ended the wider Franco-Castillian war, Castille agreed with France to cede it the northern parts of Catalonia, mostly incorporated in the county of Roussillon. During the War of the Spanish Succession (1701--14), the Crown of Aragon sided against Philip V of Spain, whose subsequent victory led to the abolition of Catalan institutions and the imposition of the Castillian ones, and the replacement of Catalan with the Spanish language in public life.
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- published: 19 Jul 2014
- views: 46
Regensburg
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- Duration: 17:32
- Updated: 04 Oct 2014
- views: 45
Regensburg (German pronunciation: [ˈʁeɡənsbʊɐ̯k]) is a city in Bavaria, Germany, at the confluence of the Danube and Regen River. To the east lies the Bavarian ...
Regensburg (German pronunciation: [ˈʁeɡənsbʊɐ̯k]) is a city in Bavaria, Germany, at the confluence of the Danube and Regen River. To the east lies the Bavarian Forest. Regensburg is the capital of the Bavarian administrative region Upper Palatinate. The medieval centre of the city is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Generally known in English as Ratisbon until well into the twentieth century. The city is known as Ratisbonne in French.
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Regensburg (German pronunciation: [ˈʁeɡənsbʊɐ̯k]) is a city in Bavaria, Germany, at the confluence of the Danube and Regen River. To the east lies the Bavarian Forest. Regensburg is the capital of the Bavarian administrative region Upper Palatinate. The medieval centre of the city is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Generally known in English as Ratisbon until well into the twentieth century. The city is known as Ratisbonne in French.
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- published: 04 Oct 2014
- views: 45
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9:51
Roman Catholic Diocese of Urgell
The Diocese of Urgell is a Roman Catholic diocese in Catalonia, Spain, and Andorra, with o...
published: 28 Aug 2016
Roman Catholic Diocese of Urgell
Roman Catholic Diocese of Urgell
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1:35
QR04 - DIOCESAN MUSEUM OF URGELL (2) El Beatus de la Seu d'urgell (Eng)
published: 31 Oct 2015
QR04 - DIOCESAN MUSEUM OF URGELL (2) El Beatus de la Seu d'urgell (Eng)
QR04 - DIOCESAN MUSEUM OF URGELL (2) El Beatus de la Seu d'urgell (Eng)
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3:47
Co-Principality of Andorra Explained: Why the President of France is a Prince
Andorra is a Co-Principality on the border of France and Spain. That means Andorra is rule...
published: 10 Jan 2017
Co-Principality of Andorra Explained: Why the President of France is a Prince
Co-Principality of Andorra Explained: Why the President of France is a Prince
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- published: 10 Jan 2017
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1:51
QR03 - DIOCESAN MUSEUM OF URGELL (1) (Eng)
published: 31 Oct 2015
QR03 - DIOCESAN MUSEUM OF URGELL (1) (Eng)
QR03 - DIOCESAN MUSEUM OF URGELL (1) (Eng)
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1:01
Top 10 Largest Cities or Towns of Andorra
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1) Andorra la Vella
2) Escaldes-Engordany
3) Encamp
4) Sant J...
published: 29 May 2014
Top 10 Largest Cities or Towns of Andorra
Top 10 Largest Cities or Towns of Andorra
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3:55
Andorran's Images
http://theworld-youtube.blogspot.com/
Andorra officially the Principality of Andorra (Cat...
published: 11 Aug 2008
Andorran's Images
Andorran's Images
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6:21
The Battle of Albesa
the Battle of Albesa was a follow-up to the Battle of Torà that took place 25 February 100...
published: 10 Jun 2015
The Battle of Albesa
The Battle of Albesa
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2:43
Obertura de l'Any Jubilar de la Misericòrdia a Urgell
Moment d'obertura de la porta de la Catedral de Santa Maria d'Urgell i any jubilar a la di...
published: 13 Dec 2015
Obertura de l'Any Jubilar de la Misericòrdia a Urgell
Obertura de l'Any Jubilar de la Misericòrdia a Urgell
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1:50
QR01 - THE CATHEDRAL (Eng)
published: 31 Oct 2015
QR01 - THE CATHEDRAL (Eng)
QR01 - THE CATHEDRAL (Eng)
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0:53
Brudieu (†1591) • Polyphonic Kyrie • SATB • Simple setting
http://www.ccwatershed.org/kyrie/
Joan Brudieu (1520--1591) was an Catalan Spanish compos...
published: 03 Feb 2012
Brudieu (†1591) • Polyphonic Kyrie • SATB • Simple setting
Brudieu (†1591) • Polyphonic Kyrie • SATB • Simple setting
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0:28
Old Cathedral of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain, Europe
The Cathedral of St. Mary of La Seu Vella is the former cathedral church of the Roman Cath...
published: 08 Jan 2017
Old Cathedral of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain, Europe
Old Cathedral of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain, Europe
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0:43
Andorra la Vella - People walking in the streets
Andorra UFO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6aAXSQc5bxg
Created under a charter in A.D. ...
published: 15 Sep 2014
Andorra la Vella - People walking in the streets
Andorra la Vella - People walking in the streets
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4:36
Romanesque Architecture
Some basics of medieval church architecture.
published: 22 Jul 2009
Romanesque Architecture
Romanesque Architecture
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2:42
St Mary's Cathedral and St Michael's Church at Hildesheim (UNESCO/NHK)
St Michael's Church was built between 1010 and 1020 on a symmetrical plan with two apses t...
published: 03 Jun 2010
St Mary's Cathedral and St Michael's Church at Hildesheim (UNESCO/NHK)
St Mary's Cathedral and St Michael's Church at Hildesheim (UNESCO/NHK)
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20:09
Balearic Islands
The Balearic Islands (English /ˌbæliˈærɨk ˈaɪləndz/; Catalan: Illes Balears [ˈiʎəz βəɫəˈas...
published: 27 Aug 2014
Balearic Islands
Balearic Islands
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32:24
Andorra
Andorra , officially the Principality of Andorra , also called the Principality of the Val...
published: 03 May 2014
Andorra
Andorra
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49:58
Catalonia
Catalonia /kætəˈloʊniə/ (Catalan: Catalunya; Occitan: Catalonha; Spanish: Cataluña) is an ...
published: 19 Jul 2014
Catalonia
Catalonia
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17:32
Regensburg
Regensburg (German pronunciation: [ˈʁeɡənsbʊɐ̯k]) is a city in Bavaria, Germany, at the co...
published: 04 Oct 2014
Regensburg
Regensburg
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Old Cathedral of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain,...
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Report: US Had Kim Jong-un In Rifle Crosshairs Prior To ICBM Launch, Did Not Pull Trigger
Edit WorldNews.com 11 Jul 2017
A shocking report by The Diplomat’s Ankit Panda Tuesday claims prior to North Korea launching its first-ever intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) in the early morning hours of July 4, North Korean leader Kim Jong-un was under the watchful eyes of a rifle scope and could have been taken out at a moment’s notice, Business Insider reported ... In fact, the report continued, the U.S....
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Saudi Arabia Executes Six People In Single Day For Murder, Drug Offenses: Report
Edit WorldNews.com 11 Jul 2017
Six people were executed by Saudi Arabian authorities for offenses ranging from murder to drug offenses, as the kingdom put to death the highest number of people in a single day since the year began, The Independent reported. With the six deaths, the number of executions claimed by the government thus far in 2017 has risen to 44, the report said....
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Did Trump Jr. Actually Break The Law By Meeting With Russians For Clinton Dirt?
Edit WorldNews.com 12 Jul 2017
The emails that Donald Trump Jr. released on Tuesday offered some of the most intense and clearest evidence yet of the possible criminal violations during the trump campaign during Russia's meddling of the 2016 election, according to The Los Angeles Times. Campaign funding experts suggested the emails could show Donald Trump Jr ... political campaign or "for the purpose of influencing any election for federal office.". Trump Jr....
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Dozens Form Human Chain To Rescue Family Swept Away By Riptide in Florida
Edit WorldNews.com 11 Jul 2017
Strangers gathered together on a Florida beach to help rescue nine members of a family that got caught in a riptide and were pulled far away from the shore, accorrding to CBS News. Dramatic videos from onlookers show the 80-person human chain stretching out into the surf to rescue the Ursey family. Roberta Ursey said that she and her family were enjoying the sun at M.B ... It's not happening. We are going to get them out."....
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China Has Now Successfully Demonstrated Teleportation To Space For The First Time
Edit Inquisitr 11 Jul 2017
On Monday, The MIT Technology Review reported that a team of Chinese researchers with the Micius project had announced the results of their first series of experiments ... ....
Easy like Sunday morning
Edit The Hindu 17 Jun 2017
1. The original Constitution of India was not typeset or printed but written in beautiful calligraphy by Prem Behari Narain Raizada. The document is now preserved in a special helium-filled case in the library of the Parliament ... The Constitution of Andorra was signed by its two co-princes, the President of a neighbouring country, and the Bishop of Urgell (a region in another neighbouring country) ... And the Bishop of Urgell is from Spain ... ....
Emmanuel Macron is now an actual prince
Edit Harpers Bazaar 16 May 2017
He'll be tasked with fighting to preserve the European Union as we know it ... Of course, since the title is technically co-prince, His Excellency will have to share it with the Spanish Bishop of Urgell (currently Joan Enric Vives Sicília) ... ....
An eye opener when all I did was keep seeing the light
Edit The Manila Times 28 Apr 2017
MAURO GIA SAMONTE ... Dr. Joselito C. Urgel did explain to me that an incision would be made on my eye for replacing its lens heavily dimmed by cataract ... In many respects, the episode was an eye opener ... But all the while a light strikes your eyes, and it is all that you see ... Urgel while I heard the television set switched to another news program ... “Done,” I heard Dr. Urgel announced ... Urgel said ... Urgel remarked ... Urgel carried out with his OR staff ... ....
Dalai Lama wraps up Arunachal visit
Edit The Times of India 12 Apr 2017
GUWAHATI. Weathering all storms, political and otherwise, the Dalai Lama concluded his week-long visit to Arunachal Pradesh on Tuesday with a promise to return to the border town of Tawang next January ... During his stay at Tawang, besides holding religious teachings for more than one lakh devotees over three days, he also made a 'homecoming' to the Urgelling monastery at Tawang, the birthplace of the 6th Dalai Lama ... RELATED ... MILAAP ... BNT....
Dalai Lama wraps Tawang visits, promises to attend Kalachakra ritual next January
Edit The Times of India 11 Apr 2017
GUWAHATI. After answering Beijing, blow for blow, the Dalai Lama wrapped up his stormy week-long trip to Arunachal Pradesh at Tawang on Tuesday with promises of likely return to the Sino-India border town next January for Kalachakra ritual, following an invitation from chief minister Pema Khandu ... He also made a 'homecoming' to Urgelling monastery at Tawang, the birthplace to the 6th Dalai Lama ... Click here to download it for your device....
Hundreds lead Dalai Lama’s ‘homecoming’
Edit The Times of India 10 Apr 2017
TAWANG. As the birthplace of the 6th Dalai Lama, Urgelling monastery, played host to the 14th 'incarnation' of the leader, hundreds of devotees turned up at the grounds of the 14th-century monastery to pay their respects to the 'living God'. "You can say this is a homecoming for His Holiness to his birthplace," an official of the Dalai Lama's office told TOI ... Click here to download it for your device. RELATED....
78 years ago, Oregon's Tall Firs won the 1st NCAA Tournament
Edit Rocky Mount Telegram 30 Mar 2017
The historical significance of Oregon’s return to the Final Four was not lost on coach Dana Altman. The Ducks face North Carolina in the national semifinals in Glendale, Arizona, on Saturday ... Altman called it “a long drought.” Perhaps one that could end this season after 78 years? ... The Webfoots’ front line included 6-foot-4 John Dick, 6-foot-4 leading scorer Laddie Gale and 6-foot-8 Urgel (Slim) Wintermute ... ....
Opinion: A week on the pistes is sweet but there's no place like home
Edit Belfast Telegraph 12 Mar 2017Green river water leaves these residents seeing red, feeling blue
Edit ABC7 03 Mar 2017
St ... A harmless dye had intentionally been added to the river, the Andorran Ministry of Health said a statement ... Albert Batalla, the mayor of Seu d'Urgell, one of the Spanish towns on the river's banks, confirmed the information in a statement, explaining that the dye was being used to investigate a water bottling plant ... ....
River turns bright green to the horror of residents
Edit ABC7 03 Mar 2017
St ... A harmless dye had intentionally been added to the river, the Andorran Ministry of Health said a statement ... Albert Batalla, the mayor of Seu d'Urgell, one of the Spanish towns on the river's banks, confirmed the information in a statement, explaining that the dye was being used to investigate a water bottling plant ... ....
128 examinees pass the Occupational Therapist Licensure exams
Edit The Manila Times (NewsDB Live) 09 Feb 2017
The Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) announces that 128 out of 185 passed the Occupational Therapist Licensure Examination given by the Board of Physical and Occupational Therapy in the cities of Manila and Cebu this February 2017. Seq. No.� N a m e. 1 ADAN, JAHZEEL ANN GASINGAN. 2 AFRICA, DENISE REI BRIONES. 3 ALDEGUER, KRISHIA SHYR BRIONES. 4 ALMENDRAS, KRISTINE ALDAS ... 11 BALMACEDA, ARMI VELASCO ... 114 URGEL, MARJORIE JYLL OCUBILLO ... ....
Private equity firm takes majority stake in iconic nightclub group Pacha
Edit The Daily Telegraph 03 Feb 2017
The group has been controlled by the Urgell family since its first club opened in the Catalonian town of Sitges in 1967 ... ....
Spain: Suspects in ill child charity scam spent $633,000
Edit Atlanta Journal 10 Dec 2016
BARCELONA, Spain ... The judge in the court in the northern Catalan town of Seu D'Urgell, where the couple who were arrested Wednesday lived, said police investigations indicated either they had misrepresented the seriousness of their daughter's illness or had invented it altogether. The judge ordered the girl to be removed from her parents' custody and placed in care of an aunt ... The mother was released ... The U.S ... ....
Spain: Parents arrested for scam involving ill daughter
Edit The Oklahoman 08 Dec 2016
BARCELONA, Spain (AP) — Spanish police have arrested a couple suspected of fraud for exaggerating the illness of their child during a public campaign seeking money to pay for her treatment ... The regional court says that police have also searched the house of the couple in the Catalan town of Seu d'Urgell. According to the U.S ... ....
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