Dasht-e-Lut desert in Iran is a very dry and hot place
Dasht-e-Lut desert in
Iran is a very dry and hot place
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Yardangs in
Lut Desert, Kerman Province, Iran.
Iran is climatically part of the Afro-Asian belt of deserts, which stretches from the
Cape Verde islands off
West Africa all the way to
Mongolia near
Beijing, China. The patchy, elongated, light-colored feature in the foreground (parallel to the mountain range) is the northernmost of the
Dasht dry lakes that stretch southward
300 kilometers (190 mi). In near-tropical deserts, elevated areas capture most precipitation. As a result, the desert is largely an abiotic zone.
Iran's geography consists of a plateau surrounded by mountains and divided into drainage basins.
Dasht-e Lut is one of the largest of these desert basins, 480 kilometers (300 mi) long and 320 kilometers (
200 mi) wide,[3] and is considered to be one of the driest places on
Earth.[
4][5][6]
Area of the desert is about 51,800 square kilometres (20,
000 sq mi).[7] The other large basin is the
Dasht-e Kavir. During the spring wet season, water briefly flows down from the Kerman mountains, but it soon dries up, leaving behind only rocks, sand, and salt.
The eastern part of Dasht-e Lut is a low plateau covered with salt flats. In contrast, the center has been sculpted by the wind into a series of parallel ridges and furrows, extending over
150 km (93 mi) and reaching 75 metres (246 ft) in height.[3] This area is also riddled with ravines and sinkholes. The southeast is a vast expanse of sand, like a
Saharan erg, with dunes
300 metres (980 ft) high, among the tallest in the world.[3]
Hottest land surface[edit]
Measurements of
MODIS (
Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) installed on
NASA's
Aqua satellite from
2003 to
2010 testify that the hottest land surface on Earth is located in Dasht-e Lut and land surface temperatures reach here 70.7 °C (159.3 °F), though the air temperature is cooler.[4][5][6][8][9][10]
Precision of measurements is 0.5 K to
1 K.[11][12]
The hottest part of Dasht-e Lut is Gandom Beryan, a large plateau covered in dark lava, approximately 480 square kilometres (190 sq mi) in area.[13] According to a local legend, the name (in translation from
Persian — "
Toasted wheat") originates from an accident where a load of wheat was left in the desert which was then scorched by the heat in a few days.[14]