- published: 02 Apr 2015
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Presbyter (Greek πρεσβύτερος, presbuteros: "elder", or "priest" in Christian usage)in the New Testament refers to a leader in local Christian congregations, then often not clearly distinguished from episkopos[citation needed], terms which have in the first century of Christianity been definitely separated, presbyter referring to ordinary priests or elders and episkopos referring exclusively to the full order or office of bishop. In modern usage, it is thus distinct from bishop and synonymous with priest and pastor. In mainline Protestant usage, the term is however not seen as referring to a member of the priesthood and terms such as minister, pastor and elder are used.
The words presbyter, and priest derive from Greek πρεσβύτερος (presbuteros), the comparative form of πρέσβυς (presbus), "old man". The English word priest has presbuter as the etymological origin.
The earliest organization of the Church in Jerusalem was according to most scholars similar to that of Jewish synagogues, but it had a council or college of ordained presbyters (Greek: πρεσβύτεροι elders, priests). In Acts 11:30 and Acts 15:22, we see a collegiate system of government in Jerusalem though headed by James, according to tradition the first bishop of the city. In Acts 14:23, the Apostle Paul ordains presbyters in the churches he founded.
William Gerald Forbes (Bill) Douglas (17 April 1934 – 18 June 1991) was a Scottish film director best known for the trilogy of films about his early life.
Born in Newcraighall on the outskirts of Edinburgh, he was brought up initially by his maternal grandmother; following her death, he lived with his father and paternal grandmother. He undertook his National Service in Egypt, where he met his lifelong friend, Peter Jewell. On returning to England, Douglas moved to London and began a career of acting and writing. After spending some time with Joan Littlewood’s ‘Theatre Workshop’ company at the Theatre Royal Stratford East, he was cast in the Granada television series, The Younger Generation in 1961 and had a musical, Solo, produced in 1962 at Cheltenham.
Having been interested in film-making all his life, in 1968 Douglas enrolled at the London International Film School, where he wrote the screenplay for a short autobiographical film called Jamie. After initial difficulties in finding support for the project, he eventually obtained funding from the British Film Institute to make the film, now called My Childhood (1972). The film gained critical acclaim on the international festival circuit, which paved the way for the second and third instalments of what became a trilogy of Douglas's formative years: My Ain Folk (1973) and My Way Home (1978).
Actors: Rex Evans (actor), Lionel Belmore (actor), Harold Entwistle (actor), Harry Cording (actor), Charles Coleman (actor), Edward Cooper (actor), Jimmy Aubrey (actor), Ted Billings (actor), Sidney Bracey (actor), Wilson Benge (actor), Frank Baker (actor), Robert Adair (actor), George Bunny (actor), Harry Beresford (actor), Errol Flynn (actor),
Plot: On the same day two boys are born: the pauper Tom and prince Edward. As a kid, Tom sneaks into the palace garden and meet the prince. They change clothes with each other but the guards discover them and throw out the prince, since they are almost identical. Nobody believe them when they try to tell the truth. Soon after, the old king dies and the prince will inherit the throne.The evil earl of Hertford attempts to murder the prince to gain power for himself.
Keywords: 1540s, abusive-father, alley, alley-fight, attempted-murder, based-on-novel, beating-a-child, beggar, betrayal, biscuits