The addax (Addax nasomaculatus), also known as the screwhorn antelope, is a critically endangered species of antelope that lives in the Sahara desert. As suggested by its alternative name, this pale antelope has long, twisted horns. It is closely related to the oryx, but differs from other antelopes by having large square teeth like cattle and lacking the typical facial glands. Although extremely rare in its native habitat due to unregulated hunting, it is quite common in captivity. They are sometimes hunted as trophies on ranches in the United States.

The addax is mainly a herbivore, and is adapted to live in areas with great water scarcity. It can be easily hunted by its predators due to its slow walking pace.

It is believed the name “addax” is obtained from an Arabic word meaning a wild animal with crooked horns. The word “nasomaculatus” comes from the Latin words “nasus” (or the prefix “naso”) that means nose and “macula” that means a spot or spotted and the suffix –“atus” refers to the spots and facial markings of the antelope. Bedouins use another name for the addax, that is the Arabic term “bakr” (or “bagr”) “al wahsh”, which literally means the cow of the wild. The name can be used to refer to other ungulates as well.