Index

An index is an indirect shortcut derived from and pointing into a greater volume of values, data, information or knowledge. Index may refer to:

Business

Index Corporation, a Japanese video game developer

INDEX, a market research fair in Lucknow, India

Index fund, a collective investment scheme

Stock market index, a statistical average of prices of selected securities

Publishing

Bibliographic index, a regularly updated print periodical publication that lists articles, books, and/or other information items, usually within a particular discipline

Citation index

Index (publishing), a detailed list, usually arranged alphabetically, of the specific information in a publication

Index (typography), a (rare today) punctuation mark

Index cards in a rolodex, an old library card catalog or other organizational purpose, usually but not always 3" x 5", early and mid-20th century technologies for maintaining list of information, and in the card catalog also useful for cross-referencing information

Germany's List of Media Harmful to Young People, colloquially known as The Index, published by the Bundesprüfstelle für jugendgefährdende Medien

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Database index

A database index is a data structure that improves the speed of data retrieval operations on a database table at the cost of additional writes and storage space to maintain the index data structure. Indexes are used to quickly locate data without having to search every row in a database table every time a database table is accessed. Indexes can be created using one or more columns of a database table, providing the basis for both rapid random lookups and efficient access of ordered records.

An index is a copy of select columns of data from a table that can be searched very efficiently that also includes a low-level disk block address or direct link to the complete row of data it was copied from. Some databases extend the power of indexing by letting developers create indices on functions or expressions. For example, an index could be created on upper(last_name), which would only store the upper case versions of the last_name field in the index. Another option sometimes supported is the use of partial indices, where index entries are created only for those records that satisfy some conditional expression. A further aspect of flexibility is to permit indexing on user-defined functions, as well as expressions formed from an assortment of built-in functions.

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Index (statistics)

In statistics and research design, an index is a composite statistic – a measure of changes in a representative group of individual data points, or in other words, a compound measure that aggregates multiple indicators. Indexes summarize and rank specific observations.

Much data in the field of social sciences is represented in various indices such as Gender Gap Index, Human Development Index or the Dow Jones Industrial Average.

Item in indexes are usually weighted equally, unless there are some reasons against it (for example, if two items reflect essentially the same aspect of a variable, they could have a weight of 0.5 each).

Constructing the items involves four steps. First, items should be selected based on their face validity, unidimensionality, the degree of specificity in which a dimension is to be measured, and their amount of variance. Items should be empirically related to one another, which leads to the second step of examining their multivariate relationships. Third, indexes scores are designed, which involves determining their score ranges and weights for the items. Finally, indexes should be validateds, which involves testing whether they can predict indicators related to the measured variable not used in their construction.

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Dungeons & Dragons gameplay

In the Dungeons & Dragons role-playing game, game mechanics and die rolls determine much of what happens. These mechanics include:

Ability scores, the most basic statistics of a character, which influence all other statistics

Armor class, how well-protected a character is against physical attack

Hit points, how much punishment a character can take before falling unconscious or dying

Saving throws, a character's defenses against nonphysical or area attacks (like poisons, fireballs, and enchantments)

Attack rolls and damage rolls, how effectively a character can score hits against, and inflict damage on, another character

Skills, how competent a character is in various areas of expertise

Feats, what special advantages a character has through natural aptitude or training

Ability scores

All player characters have six basic statistics:

Strength (STR): Strength is a measure of muscle, endurance and stamina combined. Strength affects the ability of characters to lift and carry weights, melee attack rolls, damage rolls (for both melee and ranged weapons), certain physical skills, several combat actions, and general checks involving moving or breaking objects.

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Guest appearance

In show business, a guest appearance is the participation of an outsider performer (such as a musician or actor) in an event such as a music record or concert, show, etc., when the performer does not belong to the regular cast, band or other performing group. In music, such an outside performer is often referred to as a guest artist. In performance art, the terms guest role or guest star are also common, the latter term specifically indicating the guest appearance of a celebrity. The latter is often also credited as "special guest star" or "special musical guest star" by some production companies. A guest character is a character being portrayed within a fictional entertainment setting who is only involved as part of the plot once or a few times at most. A guest character has fewer appearances than main characters, supporting characters, and recurring characters.

In pop music, guest appearances are often described with the words featuring, with, or and. It is abbreviated in credit lists as feat., ft., f/, f.. In a television series, a guest star is an actor who appears in one or a few episodes. In radio and television shows, a guest star is a guest of the show who is a celebrity.

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FEAT (album)

FEAT (pronounced "F-E-A-T") is the first studio album by Chicago-based record production duo The Hood Internet. It was released on Decon on October 2, 2012. The album features guest appearances from A.C. Newman, Cadence Weapon, and Class Actress, among others. Music videos were created for "Won't Fuck Us Over", "One for the Record Books", and "More Fun".

The remix album, FEAT Remixes, was released on December 18, 2012.

Reception

At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 54% based on 6 reviews, indicating "mixed or average reviews".