- published: 19 Sep 2013
- views: 107
Unfree labour (or unfree labor in American English) is a generic or collective term for those work relations, especially in modern or early modern history, in which people are employed against their will by the threat of destitution, detention, violence (including death), lawful compulsion, or other extreme hardship to themselves or to members of their families.
Many of these forms of work may be covered by the term forced labour, which is defined by the International Labour Organization (ILO) as all involuntary work or service exacted under the menace of a penalty.. Unfree labour includes all forms of slavery, and related institutions (e.g. debt slavery, serfdom, corvée and labour camps).
If payment occurs, it may be in one or more of the following forms:
Unfree labour is often more easily instituted and enforced on migrant workers, who have travelled far from their homelands and who are easily identified because of their physical, ethnic, linguistic, or cultural differences from the general population, since they are unable or unlikely to report their conditions to the authorities.
Alex To, born Alejandro Delfino on 10 February 1962, is a Hong Kong and Taiwan based singer and actor. He is the winner of the 4th annual New Talent Singing Awards in 1985. He has released numerous albums throughout his career and mainly has R&B influenced songs.
Alex To was born and raised in Hong Kong to a Filipino singer father Ollie Delfino and a Shanghainese mother. In 1980, at the age of 18, he studied abroad in Vancouver, Canada majoring in commercial design. In 1985, at age 23, he graduated from university and worked as an Art Director back in Hong Kong. That same year, he entered the 4th annual New Talent Singing Awards and won first place (the Gold Award). He was then signed to Capital Artists and began his career in the music industry. His debut Cantonese album 只想留下 was released in 1987. His first Mandarin album 談情說愛 was released in 1990 in Taiwan.