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From today's featured article Quileute net fishing United States v. Washington was a 1974 case heard in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Washington and the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. It reaffirmed the reserved right of American Indian tribes in the State of Washington to act alongside the state as co-managers of salmon and other fish, and to continue harvesting them in accordance with the various treaties that the United States had signed with the tribes. The tribes of Washington had ceded their land to the United States but had reserved the right to fish as they always had (pictured), including fishing at their traditional locations that were off the designated reservations. After a long trial, the decision of federal judge George Hugo Boldt held that the tribes were entitled to half the fish harvest each year. In 1975 the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals upheld Judge Boldt's ruling and the U.S. Supreme Court declined to hear the case. After the state refused to enforce the court order, Boldt ordered the Coast Guard to enforce his rulings. In a later case, Justice John Paul Stevens summarized: "Both sides have a right, secured by treaty, to take a fair share of the available fish." (Full article...) Recently featured: Common blackbird Sci-Fi Dine-In Theater Restaurant Luo Yixiu Did you know... Linton's Flora of Derbyshire ... that the Reverend Linton's book has Rubus durescens in gold leaf on its cover (pictured)? ... that David Stearns is the youngest general manager in Major League Baseball at 30 years of age? ... that Indre is one of the original 83 departments of France created during the French Revolution in 1790? ... that the Welsh have songs about the abilities of the strong woman and harpist Marged ferch Ifan? ... that Sorber Run and Cider Run are the only two Wilderness Trout Streams in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania? ... that the Goa Vikas Party, which has two seats in the 40-member legislature of the Indian state of Goa, is a part of the ruling coalition in the state? ... that television presenter Suzanne Sjögren was selected as Sweden's sexiest woman by the men's magazine Slitz in 2001? ... that the name of crescentina bread is derived in part from the Italian word crescere, which means "to grow?"

In the news Typhoon Koppu Typhoon Koppu (satellite image pictured) kills at least 50 people and displaces more than 100,000 others across the Philippines. The Liberal Party, led by Justin Trudeau, wins a majority of seats in the Canadian federal election. The Swiss People's Party, led by Toni Brunner, retains its plurality in the Swiss National Council. Alpha Condé is re-elected President of Guinea. AB InBev agrees to purchase SABMiller for £69 billion. Dell agrees to acquire EMC for US$67 billion in cash and stock. Ongoing events: Russian military intervention in Syria European migrant crisis Recent deaths On this day... October 23: Day of Tasu'a (Islam, 2015); Mole Day Claude François de Malet 1641 – Irish Catholic gentry in Ulster tried to seize control of Dublin Castle, the seat of English rule in Ireland, to force concessions to Catholics. 1812 – General Claude François de Malet (pictured) began a conspiracy to overthrow Napoleon, claiming that the Emperor died in Russia and that he was now the commandant of Paris. 1953 – Alto Broadcasting System in the Philippines made the first television broadcast in Southeast Asia on DZAQ-TV. 1972 – Vietnam War: Operation Linebacker, a US bombing campaign against North Vietnam in response to its Easter Offensive, ended after five months. 2002 – Chechen separatists seized a crowded theater in Moscow, taking approximately 700 patrons and performers hostage. More anniversaries: October 22 October 23 October 24

From today's featured list Hilary Swank The 1999 film Boys Don't Cry has won 37 awards from 57 nominations. Boys Don't Cry is based on the life of Brandon Teena, a trans man who was beaten, raped, and murdered in 1993 after his male acquaintances found out that he was transgender. Hilary Swank (pictured) stars as Teena and Chloë Sevigny plays his girlfriend Lana Tisdel. Peter Sarsgaard and Brendan Sexton III portray Teena's two murderers. The film premiered at the Venice International Film Festival on September 3, 1999. The film garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for Swank's performance as Teena, its screenplay and its direction. At the 72nd Academy Awards, Swank won for Best Actress, while Sevigny was nominated for Best Supporting Actress; Swank won for Best Actress – Drama, while Sevigny was nominated for the Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture awards at the 57th Golden Globe Awards. Swank was also nominated for Best Actress in a Leading Role at the 53rd British Academy Film Awards. (Full list...) Recently featured: Mathematicians, physicians, and scientists educated at Jesus College, Oxford National Hero of Indonesia Tallest buildings in Brooklyn

Today's featured picture Kimmeridge is a small village and civil parish on the Isle of Purbeck, a peninsula in Dorset, England. The Kimmeridgian geological age is named after the village, which is also the type locality for Kimmeridge clay. The coastline of the parish forms part of the Jurassic Coast, a World Heritage Site. Photograph: David Iliff Recently featured: RPG-7 rocket-propelled grenade launcher Exeter College Chapel Muammar Gaddafi

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