Jacobus Johannes "Jaap" Eden (October 19, 1873, Groningen – February 2, 1925) was a Dutch athlete. He is the only male athlete to has won world championships in both speed skating and bicycle racing (women who have done so are Sheila Young and Christa Rothenburger).

Jaap Eden was born in Groningen to Johannes Eden and Maria Baale. Eden's mother died of complications from his birth. His father, a gymnastics teacher, could not take care of the baby alone, and sent him to his grandparents, who owned a hotel near Santpoort. As a boy, Eden enjoyed running in dunes near his grandparents's home, gymnastics and, in the winter, skating. His speed and skating technique were noticed by the best Dutch skater at the time, Klaas Pander, and he invited the 15-year-old Eden to join him training.

In December 1890, in a short track competition over 160m, Jaap Eden had his first important victory. Eden, 17, was allowed by the Dutch Federation to compete in the world championships.

The championships were organised by the Skating Club of Amsterdam, as there was no international governing body. Only two foreign skaters entered, American Joe Donoghue becoming the first champion¹. Eden skated in the shortest two of the four events, placing 3rd and 4th in the half mile and mile, respectively. Eden entered the European Championships in Hamburg, but without any notable success.