U. A. Fanthorpe

Ursula Askham Fanthorpe, CBE, FRSL (22 July 1929 – 28 April 2009) was an English poet. She published under the form U. A. Fanthorpe.

Life and work

Born in south-east London, the daughter of a barrister, Fanthorpe was educated at St Catherine's School, Bramley in Surrey and at St Anne's College, Oxford, where she received a first-class degree in English language and literature, and subsequently taught English at Cheltenham Ladies' College for sixteen years. She then abandoned teaching for jobs as a secretary, receptionist and hospital clerk in Bristol – in her poems, she later remembered some of the patients for whose records she had been responsible .

Fanthorpe's first volume of poetry, Side Effects, was published in 1978. She was "Writer-in-Residence" at St Martin's College, Lancaster (now University of Cumbria) (1983–85), as well as Northern Arts Fellow at Durham and Newcastle Universities.

In 1987 Fanthorpe went freelance, giving readings around the country and occasionally abroad. In 1994 she was nominated for the post of Professor of Poetry at Oxford. Her nine collections of poems were published by Peterloo Poets. Her Collected Poems was published in 2005. Many of her poems are for two voices. In her readings the other voice is that of Bristol academic and teacher R. V. "Rosie" Bailey, Fanthorpe's life partner of 44 years. The couple co-wrote a collection of poems, From Me To You: love poems, that was published in 2007 by Enitharmon.

Uña

Uña is a municipality located in the province of Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 138 inhabitants.

Šuľa

Šuľa is a village and municipality in the Veľký Krtíš District of the Banská Bystrica Region of southern Slovakia.

External links

Coordinates: 48°31′N 18°38′E / 48.517°N 18.633°E / 48.517; 18.633

Ushnisha

The ushnisha (Sanskrit, n., उष्णीष, IAST: uṣṇīṣa) is a three-dimensional oval at the top of the head of the Buddha.

Symbolism

It symbolizes his attainment of reliance in the spiritual guide.

Description

The ushnisha was not described initially in the Physical characteristics of the Buddha spelled out by the Buddhist canon. Rather, there are several mentions about a topknot:

Representation

The first representations of the Buddha in the 1st century CE in the Greco-Buddhist art of Gandhara also represent him with a topknot, rather than just a cranial knob. It is thought that the interpretation of the ushnisha as a supernatural cranial protuberance happened at a later date, as the representation of the topknot became more symbolic and its original meaning was lost.

The Boddhisattva-Cakravartin in Early Buddhism

In Early Buddhism, the uṣṇīṣa was represented differently. The Mahāvastu (1.259f) and the Divyāvadāna, as well as the Theravadin Milindapañha, describe the marks of the cakravartin or "idealised world-ruler": uṣṇīṣa or patka turban, chhatra "parasol", "horn jewel" or vajra, whisk and sandals. These were the marks of the kshatriya.

Satiric misspelling

A satiric misspelling is an intentional misspelling of a word, phrase or name for a rhetorical purpose. This is often done by replacing a letter with another letter (for example, k replacing c), or symbol (for example, $ replacing s, @ replacing a, or ¢ replacing c). Satiric misspelling is found particularly in informal writing on the Internet, but can also be found in some serious political writing that opposes the status quo.

K replacing c

Replacing the letter c with k in the first letter of a word came into use by the Ku Klux Klan during its early years in the mid-to-late 19th century. The concept is continued today within the group.

In the 1960s and early 1970s in the United States, leftists, particularly the Yippies, sometimes used Amerika rather than America in referring to the United States. It is still used as a political statement today. It is likely that this was originally an allusion to the German spelling of the word, and intended to be suggestive of Nazism, a hypothesis that the Oxford English Dictionary supports.

German submarine U-A

U-A was the official call-sign of one of fourteen U-Boats that made up the Foreign U-Boats of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. Built at Kiel as one of four submarines of the Ay class for Turkey, the Batiray as she was to have been named, was not handed over to the Turkish Navy but seized by Germany and commissioned into the Kriegsmarine in 1939. Two sister-ships the Saldiray and Atilay had been delivered in June 1939. One boat, Yildiray, was built slowly in a Turkish shipyard. The design was a modification of the Type IX to fit Turkish requirements. Two of Turkish boats served in the Turkish Navy until 1957, but Atilay was lost in a training exercise off Canakkale.

Service

U-A was commissioned on 30 April 1939 under the initial command of Hans Cohausz, and later Hans Eckerman. She was supposed to be used as a minelayer by the Turkish, but the Germans used her like a type IX U-boat.

U-A was attacked on 8 March 1941 by the destroyer HMS Wolverine, but survived. During her service, she sank seven Allied ships, including the British 13,950-ton armed merchant cruiser RMS Andania. Only nine ships in total were destroyed by the Foreign U-Boat corps, U-A destroying seven of those while damaging another three.

U/A (album)

U/A (referring to the movie rating standard meaning Universal/Adult), Chandrabindoo's eight album was released in 2008 as their "Awshtom Aschorjyo" (Lit. Eighth Surprise) after a break of 3 years.

Track list

It contained extended versions of previously created title tracks by Chandrabindoo apart from love and political songs. "Tatin" and "Tabo Mukut" have gained a cult popularity due to their lyrics and tune respectively. This album was re-released by T-Series as "Dekhbi Jolbi Phulbi" when they took over the music rights from Big Music.

Notes