Langhe, Piedmont, Italy, Europe

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• published: 13 May 2015
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Le Langhe sono una regione storica del Piemonte situata a cavallo delle province di Cuneo e di Asti, confinante con altre regioni storiche del Piemonte, ossia il Monferrato e il Roero e costituita da un esteso sistema collinare definito dal corso dei fiumi Tanaro, Belbo, Bormida di Millesimo e Bormida di Spigno. Essa si può suddividere in: Bassa Langa: zona compresa fra il Tanaro a nord e il Belbo a sud, con quote genericamente inferiori ai 600 m; è la zona dell'Albese, dei vini e del tartufo (rinomato il bianco di Alba). Alta Langa: è la zona al confine con la Liguria, con quote massime sui 750 m e un picco di 896 m nel comune di Mombarcaro; qui dominano i boschi e la coltivazione della pregiata varietà di nocciole " tonda gentile delle langhe". Langa Astigiana: zona nel sud della provincia di Asti, con Canelli a nord e il fiume Bormida di Spigno ad est, con un picco di 851 m nel comune di Serole. Il giorno 22 giugno 2014, durante la 38ª sessione del comitato UNESCO a Doha, le Langhe sono state ufficialmente incluse, assieme a Roero e Monferrato, nella lista dei beni del Patrimonio dell'Umanità. Oligocene: the era in which they appear the first great apes, the Piedmont, as the entire Po Valley, is covered by the sea; This "Piedmont tertiary basin", bordered to the south by the crystal systems of the Maritime Alps and the base of what will be the Apennines. In particular, it is likely that the origin of the Ligurian hills and systems connected to it (the Langhe then), is connected to the phenomenon of sfenocasma Ligurian or Sardinian-course: rotation having to pivot the Gulf of Genoa and Head of 'move away from the coasts of Provence Corsica and Sardinia. Miocene: the plan is the oldest Miocene Aquitanian, and comprises the villages of Langa. At the end of the Miocene, the Mediterranean Sea is now a virtually isolated from the Atlantic; evaporation, not offset by ebbs Atlantic, leads to the formation of large banks evaporite (gypsum) and the emergence of low hills of Langhe and Monferrato. In the gypsum present in Cherasco, Guarene, Magliano and Castagnito, there are schools of marls rich in marine fossils and plants, evidence of a climate almost tropical. Pliocene (5 Ma): a new marine transgression, due to movements separators at Gibraltar, risommerge Piedmont except just the Langhe and Monferrato, separated from the Pliocene Basin Asti, arm shallow sea that had as its western edge of the Gulf of Cuneo . The Pliocene sands return skeletons of mammals both marine and terrestrial. Marks the transition between the Pliocene and Quaternary Era Terzaria was, at this time you have the ultimate demise of the "sea Piemontese", which gives way to a vast plain, long marshy, where, depending on the climatic oscillations, will their habitat elephants, deer, mammoths, hyenas and cheetahs. Quaternary: the progressive forces to the north of the African continent causing the slow lifting of the territory, drawing the current hill systems; the cooling of the climate leads to the alternation of arid periods and wet periods in the year. We are now in our era; the last great geological contribution will give the ice ages, reshaping the structure of the Alps and Alpine foothills with their moraines. The low altitude of the Langhe did not allow the advance of the glaciers, but there are accumulations of loess, clayey silt produced by erosion, transported over long distances by winds that swept the plain. The Neolithic arrives in the fifth millennium BC In the Iron dominate the tribes of Ligurian Epanteri and Stazielli, which, following the migration Gallic, form the culture celtoligure. They were subdued by the Romans in 179 BC, but only with Augustus one can speak of a genuine process of Romanization. During the Carolingian period they are part of the Brand Aleramica, whose first owner, Aleramo, helped liberate the Piedmont and western Liguria by Muslim pirates. Some territories were in direct possession of Aleramici until the eighteenth century, when it passed to the Kingdom of Sardinia. Among the nineteenth century and the beginning of the next, the Langhe knew a strong degradation and extreme poverty (as told by the testimonies gathered by Nuto Revelli in The world of the conquered), followed by a gradual depopulation in favor of the industrial cities ( especially Turin and Savona). Other interesting examples are found in the works of Cesare Pavese and Beppe Fenoglio. In the nineties, a renewed interest in the rural world, has led to the restructuring (often carried out by foreigners) to farmhouses and castles, converted farmhouses, bed and breakfast and ethnographic museums; investment in agricultural production and the interests of excellence for tourism. Today the Alba is a rich and competitive. In Upper Langa survives, in more and more reduced, the Scots pine (commercially known as Pino of Scotland or Sweden), a true "living fossil" of the vegetation of the last glacial period.