Ternopil | My Town

• published: 26 Feb 2015
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Ternopil is one of the major cities of Western Ukraine and the historical region of Galicia. It is served by Ternopil Airport. http://www.studyinukrainetoday.com/flat-rental The city is the administrative center of the Ternopil Oblast (province), as well as of the surrounding Ternopil Raion (district) within the oblast. However, Ternopil is a city of oblast subordinance, thus being subject directly to the oblast authorities rather than to the raion administration housed in the city itself. The Ternopil Castle rebuilt in the 19th century as a palace Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church The city was founded in 1540 by Jan Amor Tarnowski as a military stronghold and a castle. In 1544 the Ternopil Castle was constructed and repelled its first Tatar attacks. In 1548 Ternopil was granted city rights by king Sigismund I the Old. In 1567 the city passed to the Ostrogski family. In 1575 it was plundered by the Tatars. In 1623 the city passed to the Zamoyski family. In the 17th century the town was almost wiped from the face of the Earth in the Khmelnytsky Uprising which drove out or killed most of its Jewish residents. Ternopil was almost completely destroyed by the Turks and Tatars in 1675 and rebuilt by Aleksander Koniecpolski but did not recover its previous glory until it passed to Marie Casimire, the wife of king Jan III Sobieski in 1690. The city was later sacked for the last time by Tatars in 1694, and twice by Russians in the course of the Great Northern War in 1710 and the War of the Polish Succession in 1733. In 1747 Józef Potocki invited the Dominicanes and founded the beautiful late-baroque Dominican Church (today the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception of The Blessed Virgin Mary of the Ternopil-Zboriv eparchy of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church). The city was thrice looted during the confederation of Bar (1768–1772), by the confederates themselves, by the king's army and by Russians. In 1770 it was further devastated by an outbreak of smallpox. Tarnopol Voivodeship In 1772 the city came under Austrian rule. In 1809 the city came under Russian rule, which created Ternopol krai there. In 1815 the city (then with 11,000 residents) returned to the Austrian rule in accordance with the Congress of Vienna. In 1820 Jesuits expelled from Polatsk by the Russians established a gymnasium in Tarnopol. In 1870 a rail line connected Ternopil with Lviv, accelerating the city's growth. At that time Tarnopol had a population of about 25,000. Austrian postal card in Polish version cancelled in 1880 A ship "Heroy Tantsorow" on the Ternopil Lake 20th Century[edit] The region was part of Habsburg Galicia and was an ethnic mix of mainly Roman Catholic Poles, Greek Catholic Ruthenians, and Jews. Intermarriage between Poles and Ruthenians was common. During World War I the city passed from German and Austrian forces to Russia several times. In 1917 it was burnt down by fleeing Russian forces. After the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the city was proclaimed part of the West Ukrainian People's Republic on 11 November 1918. After Polish forces captured Lwow during the Polish-Ukrainian War, Ternopol became the country's temporary capital (22 November to 30 December 1918).[2] After the act of union between Western-Ukrainian Republic and the Ukrainian People's Republic (UPR), Ternopol formally passed under the UPR's control. On 15 July 1919 the city was captured[2] by Polish forces. In 1920 the exiled Ukrainian government of Symon Petlura accepted Polish control of Ternopol and of the entire area after receiving the assurance of Josef Pilsudski, the Lithuanian born Field Marshal of the Polish Army, that there would be no peace with the Russians without creating a Ukrainian state. In July and August 1920 the Red Army captured Ternopol in the course of the Polish-Soviet War. The city then served as the capital of the Galician Soviet Socialist Republic. Although the Poles and their Ukrainian allies badly defeated the Russians on the battle field and the Russians had offered to cede Ukraine and Belarus, Polish politicians in Warsaw refused to honor Pilsudski's promise. By the terms of the Riga treaty, the Soviets and Poles effectively partitioned Ukraine. For the next 19 years, the ethnically mixed Ternopol area remained in Polish control. From 1922 to September 1939, Tarnopol served as the capital of the Tarnopol Voivodeship that consisted of 17 powiats. According to the official 1939 Statistical Yearbook of Poland, Ukrainian speaking Ruthenians accounted for less than half of the voivodship's population as ethnic Poles and Jews also lived in the region in large numbers.[citation needed] Ukrainian Nationalism was supported by the militant Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists whose local Ternopol branch was led by Roman Paladiychuk and Yaroslav Stetsko, the future leader of OUN. http://www.studyinukrainetoday.com/flat-rental