RUNX3

Runt-related transcription factor 3
PDB rendering based on 1cmo.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1cmo, 1co1, 1e50, 1ean, 1eao, 1eaq, 1h9d, 1hjb, 1hjc, 1io4, 1ljm
Identifiers
Symbols	RUNX3 ; AML2; CBFA3; PEBP2aC
External IDs	OMIM: 600210 MGI: 102672 HomoloGene: 37914 GeneCards: RUNX3 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding • RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding • transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding • protein binding • ATP binding Cellular component • nuclear chromatin • nucleus • nucleolus • cytoplasm • Golgi apparatus • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle Biological process • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • ossification • chondrocyte differentiation • regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • protein phosphorylation • axon guidance • hemopoiesis • neuron differentiation • hair follicle morphogenesis • interferon-gamma production • regulation of cell differentiation • negative regulation of cell cycle • cell maturation • peripheral nervous system neuron development • negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation • positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	864	12399
Ensembl	ENSG00000020633	ENSMUSG00000070691
UniProt	Q13761	Q64131
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001031680	NM_019732
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001026850	NP_062706
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 24.9 – 24.97 Mb	Chr 4: 135.12 – 135.18 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Runt-related transcription factor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RUNX3 gene.

This gene encodes a member of the runt domain-containing family of transcription factors. A heterodimer of this protein and a beta subunit forms a complex that binds to the core DNA sequence 5'-YGYGGT-3' found in a number of enhancers and promoters, and can either activate or suppress transcription. It also interacts with other transcription factors. It functions as a tumor suppressor, and the gene is frequently deleted or transcriptionally silenced in cancer. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

In melanocytic cells RUNX3 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.

Knockout mouse

Runx3 null mouse gastric mucosa exhibits hyperplasia due to stimulated proliferation and suppressed apoptosis in epithelial cells, and the cells are resistant to TGF-beta stimulation.

Interactions

RUNX3 has been shown to interact with TLE1.

See also

• Core binding factor
• RUNX1
• RUNX2

Further reading

• Vogiatzi P, De Falco G, Claudio PP, Giordano A (2007). "How does the human RUNX3 gene induce apoptosis in gastric cancer? Latest data, reflections and reactions.". Cancer Biol. Ther. 5 (4): 371–4. doi:10.4161/cbt.5.4.2748. PMID 16627973. 
• Wijmenga C, Speck NA, Dracopoli NC et al. (1995). "Identification of a new murine runt domain-containing gene, Cbfa3, and localization of the human homolog, CBFA3, to chromosome 1p35-pter.". Genomics 26 (3): 611–4. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(95)80185-O. PMID 7607690.  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
• Bae SC, Takahashi E, Zhang YW et al. (1995). "Cloning, mapping and expression of PEBP2 alpha C, a third gene encoding the mammalian Runt domain.". Gene 159 (2): 245–8. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(95)00060-J. PMID 7622058.  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
• Bae SC, Yamaguchi-Iwai Y, Ogawa E et al. (1993). "Isolation of PEBP2 alpha B cDNA representing the mouse homolog of human acute myeloid leukemia gene, AML1.". Oncogene 8 (3): 809–14. PMID 8437866.  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
• Levanon D, Goldstein RE, Bernstein Y et al. (1998). "Transcriptional repression by AML1 and LEF-1 is mediated by the TLE/Groucho corepressors.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (20): 11590–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.20.11590. PMC 21685. PMID 9751710.  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
• Bangsow C, Rubins N, Glusman G et al. (2002). "The RUNX3 gene—sequence, structure and regulated expression.". Gene 279 (2): 221–32. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00760-0. PMID 11733147.  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
• Li QL, Ito K, Sakakura C et al. (2002). "Causal relationship between the loss of RUNX3 expression and gastric cancer.". Cell 109 (1): 113–24. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00690-6. PMID 11955451.  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
• Waki T, Tamura G, Sato M et al. (2003). "Promoter methylation status of DAP-kinase and RUNX3 genes in neoplastic and non-neoplastic gastric epithelia.". Cancer Sci. 94 (4): 360–4. doi:10.1111/j.1349-7006.2003.tb01447.x. PMID 12824905.  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
• Puig-Kröger A, Sanchez-Elsner T, Ruiz N et al. (2004). "RUNX/AML and C/EBP factors regulate CD11a integrin expression in myeloid cells through overlapping regulatory elements.". Blood 102 (9): 3252–61. doi:10.1182/blood-2003-02-0618. PMID 12855590.  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
• Kato N, Tamura G, Fukase M et al. (2003). "Hypermethylation of the RUNX3 gene promoter in testicular yolk sac tumor of infants.". Am. J. Pathol. 163 (2): 387–91. doi:10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63668-1. PMC 1868235. PMID 12875960.  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
• Yang N, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Kazazian HH (2004). "An important role for RUNX3 in human L1 transcription and retrotransposition". Nucleic Acids Res. 31 (16): 4929–40. doi:10.1093/nar/gkg663. PMC 169909. PMID 12907736. 
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
• Li QL, Kim HR, Kim WJ et al. (2004). "Transcriptional silencing of the RUNX3 gene by CpG hypermethylation is associated with lung cancer". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 314 (1): 223–8. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.12.079. PMID 14715269.  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
• Xiao WH, Liu WW (2004). "Hemizygous deletion and hypermethylation of RUNX3 gene in hepatocellular carcinoma". World J. Gastroenterol. 10 (3): 376–80. PMID 14760761. 
• Oshimo Y, Oue N, Mitani Y et al. (2004). "Frequent loss of RUNX3 expression by promoter hypermethylation in gastric carcinoma". Pathobiology 71 (3): 137–43. doi:10.1159/000076468. PMID 15051926.  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
• Jin YH, Jeon EJ, Li QL et al. (2004). "Transforming growth factor-beta stimulates p300-dependent RUNX3 acetylation, which inhibits ubiquitination-mediated degradation". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (28): 29409–17. doi:10.1074/jbc.M313120200. PMID 15138260.  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
• Ku JL, Kang SB, Shin YK et al. (2004). "Promoter hypermethylation downregulates RUNX3 gene expression in colorectal cancer cell lines". Oncogene 23 (40): 6736–42. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207731. PMID 15273736.  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
• Sakakura C, Hagiwara A, Miyagawa K et al. (2005). "Frequent downregulation of the runt domain transcription factors RUNX1, RUNX3 and their cofactor CBFB in gastric cancer". Int. J. Cancer 113 (2): 221–8. doi:10.1002/ijc.20551. PMID 15386419.  CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)

External links

• RUNX3 protein, human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.