The Open Handset Alliance (OHA) is a consortium of 84 firms to develop open standards for mobile devices. Member firms include Google, HTC, Sony, Dell, Intel, Motorola, Qualcomm, Texas Instruments, Samsung Electronics, LG Electronics, T-Mobile, Sprint Nextel, Nvidia, and Wind River Systems.

The OHA was established on 5 November 2007, led by Google with 34 members including mobile handset makers, application developers, some mobile carriers and chip makers.Android, the flagship software of the alliance, is based on an open source license and competes against mobile platforms from Apple, Microsoft, Nokia (Symbian), HP (formerly Palm), Research In Motion, and Samsung Electronics (bada).

At the same time as the announcement of the formation of the Open Handset Alliance on November 5, 2007, the OHA also unveiled Android, an open source mobile phone platform based on the Linux kernel. An early look at the SDK was released to developers on 12 November 2007.

The first commercially available phone running Android was the HTC Dream (also known as the T-Mobile G1). It was approved by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) on 18 August 2008, and became available on 22 October.