The term pariah dog (also pye dogs, or pi dogs) originally referred to Chinese/Indian feral dogs of a particular type, but it is now used by the United Kennel Club to refer to a purebred dog category.

Feral dogs of India

Pariah-type feral dogs are typically medium-sized and have yellow to rust-colored coats. It was once thought that Indian feral dogs were the ancestral stock of Australian dingoes, but a 2004 Swedish study of mitochondrial DNA found that dingoes originated from southern China, not from India.

The Sighthound & Pariah Group

The United Kennel Club (United States) recognizes purebred dogs bred for chasing large game in the Sighthound & Pariah Group. Included in this group are breeds that are either of early origin or modern reconstructions of early breeds or types. The group includes the Afghan Hound, Azawakh, Basenji, Borzoi, Canaan Dog, Carolina Dog, Chart Polski (Polish Greyhound), Cirneco dell'Etna, Greyhound, Hungarian Greyhound, Ibizan Hound, Irish Wolfhound, New Guinea Singing Dog, Pharaoh Hound, Portuguese Podengo, Rhodesian Ridgeback, Saluki, Scottish Deerhound, Sloughi, Spanish Greyhound, Thai Ridgeback, Whippet, and Xoloitzcuintli.

In place of "pariah" (pariah is derived from the Tamil word paraiyar, first used in English in 1613 to refer to the lowest level of the traditional Indian caste system; in English, it is used to mean "social outcast"), most registries, other than United Kennel Club, use the term "primitive" (primitive in the sense of "relating to an earliest or original stage or state" or "being little evolved from an early ancestral type") to refer to pariah-type dogs. The American Rare Breed Association, for example, places its Pariah-type dogs within a breed group designated "Spitz and Primitive."

Varieties of pariah dogs

Populations of pariah dogs are distributed in India, Thailand, Myanmar, Southeast China, Laos, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Singapore, Borneo, United States, Korea, and the Philippines.

The Carolina Dog found in the southeastern United States of America is one example of a pariah-type feral dog. The Carolina Dog closely resembles feral dogs found in deserts of middle eastern countries. Both the desert dog (known as the Canaan Dog) and Carolina Dog are recognized as purebred by major registries.

All strains of pariah dogs are at risk of losing their genetic uniqueness by interbreeding with purebred and mixed-breed strays. To insure against this, some strains of pariah dogs are becoming formally recognized, registered, and pedigreed breeds as their fanciers attempt to preserve the pure type.

All pariah dogs are feral, but not all feral dogs are pariah dogs in the genetic sense. Though they are outcasts in the social sense, and thus may still be called pariahs by observers who are not dog fanciers, feral dogs may be of any breed or mix of breeds. The individuals may be stray pets, or descended from strays, or from litters dumped in wild or rural areas by unscrupulous owners. They may form packs with other strays or attempt to join existing canid packs (such as a wolf pack). While pariah dogs are by definition feral, pariah-type dogs are not necessarily feral (wild dog populations which have not been re-domesticated), as well as recognized dog breeds with pariah dog heritage.

See also

Canaan Dog

New Guinea Singing Dog

Dingo

Carolina Dog

Free-ranging urban dog

Nureongi

Indian pariah dog

Ray LaMontagne and the Pariah Dogs

References

External links

"Pariah Dog", Dog Breed Info Center, 12 Mar. 2008

Primitive & Aboriginal Dog Society

American Rare Breed Association

United Kennel Club

Primitive Dog Breeds from dogsindepth.com the online dog encyclopedia

Category:Dog types Dog, Pariah Dog, Pariah

Name	Ray LaMontagne
Background	solo_singer
Birth name	Raymond Charles Jack LaMontagne
Born	June 18, 1973Nashua, New Hampshire
Instrument	Vocals, guitar, piano, harmonica
Genre	Folk, folk rock, folk blues
Label	RCA
Notable instruments	Martin D-35.

Raymond Charles "Ray" LaMontagne () (born June 18, 1973) is an American singer-songwriter. Reportedly, after hearing a Stephen Stills song, LaMontagne decided to quit his job at a shoe factory and pursue a career in music. He has since released four studio albums, Trouble, Till the Sun Turns Black, Gossip in the Grain and God Willin' and the Creek Don't Rise. In the UK, Trouble was a top 5 hit, and the title track of the album was a top 25 hit. Till the Sun Turns Black was a top 40 hit in the U.S. A soft-spoken person who is known for his raspy voice, LaMontagne has won a number of awards for his music and has performed at several charity events.

Early and personal life

Ray LaMontagne was born in Nashua, New Hampshire, in 1973 to a constantly traveling mother and a violent musician father who abandoned the family during Ray's childhood. Because of his father's background in music, LaMontagne refrained from most musical activity, instead spending much of his time reading fantasy novels in the forest. He attended Morgan High School in Morgan, Utah, but frequently avoided class, wrote stories, or got into fights with other students. After graduation, LaMontagne moved away from his family, ending up in Lewiston, Maine, where he found a job working 65 hours a week in a shoe factory.

One morning at 4 a.m., LaMontagne heard Stephen Stills' song "Treetop Flyer" on the radio as it awoke him for an early work shift. After purchasing the Stills Alone album, he decided that he wanted to quit his job at the shoe factory and start a career as a singer-songwriter. LaMontagne began touring in 1999, although he maintained a side job as a carpenter. and Echo Records in the UK.

In 2008, LaMontagne moved into a farmhouse in rural western Massachusetts with his wife and two children.

Musical career

Trouble

In a period of two weeks, LaMontagne re-recorded Trouble at Sunset Sound in Los Angeles, California with producer Ethan Johns. RCA Records released the album on September 14, 2004. The album featured performances by Nickel Creek violinist Sara Watkins on two tracks, along with Alex Davids and Stephen Stills's daughter, Jennifer Stills, on another. In the US, the album reached a low peak of #189 on the Billboard 200, but sold over 250,000 copies. Trouble has sold over 500,000 copies worldwide.

On the third week of finals in the fifth season of American Idol, eventual winner Taylor Hicks performed "Trouble". Chris Sligh, an American Idol Season 6 Top-12 finalist, also performed the tune to rave reviews from the judges. An EP of LaMontagne's performance at the Bonnaroo Music Festival was released on December 6, 2005. "Trouble" and "Burn" have been used as background music for the TV. "All the Wild Horses" was used in the TV series Rescue Me and the 2009 film The Boys Are Back."Troubles" was used in the TV series Alias, in season 4, 14º episode called 'Nightingale'. The song "Jolene" was used in the 2010 film "The Town."

Till the Sun Turns Black

LaMontagne's second album, Till the Sun Turns Black, was released August 29, 2006, in the US. Also produced by Ethan Johns, the album featured more instrumentation than Trouble, including the use of a horn section and string section on several of the songs. Singer-songwriter Rachael Yamagata provided background vocals on the song "Barfly". The album peaked at #28 on the Billboard 200 album chart, selling 28,000 copies in its first week of release. The album also sold enough copies to be a top three heatseeker album in New Zealand.

According to his website, the first single from the album was "Three More Days". LaMontagne performed on The Tonight Show on October 6, 2006, to promote the album. His song "Till the Sun Turns Black" was featured on the television show "ER", and his songs "Lesson Learned" and "Within You" have been used on the CW drama "One Tree Hill". "Be Here Now" was also used in the official trailer for Away From Her, and was featured in 27 Dresses and an episode of Bones as well as in the first season's finale of Covert Affairs. "Empty" was used in the last episode of 's 6th season, "Renewal." Ray LaMontagne recorded a live session at Abbey Road Studios for Live from Abbey Road in October 2006. He shared his episode with Shawn Colvin, Nerina Pallot and The Zutons.

Gossip in the Grain

, 13 February 2009]] LaMontagne released his third studio album, Gossip in the Grain, on October 14, 2008 on RCA Records, and it achieved his highest-ever debut on the Billboard Charts at #3, with over 60,000 units sold. Working again with producer Ethan Johns, the album also featured LaMontagne's touring band: Jennifer Condos on bass, Eric Heywood on guitar, and Ethan Johns on drums. The opening act on much of his 2008 US Tour, fellow singer/songwriter Leona Naess, guests on three songs: "I Still Care for You", "A Falling Through", and "Gossip in the Grain". LaMontagne also announced a series of New England dates to start off his US tour in support of the album. The song "You Are the Best Thing" was featured in the movie I Love You, Man. He also performed the song live as musical guest on NBC's Saturday Night Live on March 7, 2009. On October 12, 2009 the song "Sarah" appeared towards the end of an episode of House called "Instant Karma" (Season 6 Episode 4). "Let it be Me" was featured on the Parenthood TV series and included on the Parenthood soundtrack in 2010.

God Willin' and the Creek Don't Rise

LaMontagne's fourth studio album, God Willin' and the Creek Don't Rise, was released on August 17, 2010. The record is credited to “Ray LaMontagne and the Pariah Dogs”. This is the first time that LaMontagne has released music in collaboration with other artists, within the context of a band, and is also his first venture into the role of producer. With this album, LaMontagne received his first three Grammy nominations on December 1, 2010, including Song of the Year for "Beg Steal or Borrow", Best Contemporary Folk Album, and Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical.

Composition and performance

LaMontagne is particularly known for his raspy voice, which he says he learned by singing through his gut and not his nose. LaMontagne stated that he is highly influenced by Stephen Stills, Richard Manuel, and Rick Danko. Critics have compared LaMontagne's music to that of The Band, Van Morrison, Nick Drake, and Tim Buckley. LaMontagne refers to himself as a "very private person", and rarely gives interviews. He also usually does not interact much with the audience between songs during his live shows and has been known to perform in the dark to avoid distracting bright lights and to separate himself from the audience because of his shy nature.

Charitable events

In 2005, he performed at "From the Big Apple to the Big Easy", a fundraiser for the victims of Hurricane Katrina. The concert was held at the Radio City Music Hall on September 20, 2005, and also featured Dave Matthews, John Mayer, and Simon & Garfunkel among others. LaMontagne also played at the "Warren Haynes Christmas Jam" that year on December 17, 2005. The concert raised funds for Habitat for Humanity in Asheville, North Carolina. LaMontagne performed at KYSR's Lounge for Life charity concert on October 5, 2006 at the House of Blues in West Hollywood, California. He also auctioned off one of his guitars on eBay for its charity auction. Funds raised from the concert and auction went to breast cancer research. Recently in August 2010, he performed with David Gray and Samuel Ofosu in Nashville, TN, and giving a portion of the proceeds to the victims affected by the devastating flood that hit Nashville, TN in May. The money went to Habitat for Humanity in the aid of rebuilding homes destroyed by the flood.

Awards

Discography

Studio albums

Trouble (September 14, 2004)

Till the Sun Turns Black (August 29, 2006)

Gossip in the Grain (October 14, 2008)

God Willin' and the Creek Don't Rise (August 17, 2010)

References

External links

http://acreofland.suddenlaunch3.com/index.cgi Ray Lamontagne Forum

Official U.S. website, requires Adobe Flash plugin

Official UK website, requires Adobe Flash plugin

Ray LaMontagne Gig Review 2009

Idiomag">Ray LaMontagne on Idiomag

Photos of Ray LaMontagne at the Boston Opera House on October 9th Exploit Boston!

Ray LaMontagne on PBS NewsHour's Art Beat, 8/17/10

Category:American male singers Category:American folk singers Category:American singer-songwriters Category:People from Nashua, New Hampshire Category:Musicians from Maine Category:People from Franklin County, Maine Category:Songwriters from New Hampshire Category:American pianists Category:American guitarists Category:RCA Records artists Category:American harmonica players Category:1973 births Category:Living people

Name	Desmond Morris
Birth date	January 24, 1928
Birth place	Purton, Wiltshire, England, United Kingdom
Nationality	English
Occupation	Zoologist and Ethologist

Desmond John Morris, born 24 January 1928 in Purton, north Wiltshire, is a British zoologist and ethologist, also known as a surrealist painter, television presenter and popular author.

Life

Morris was educated at Dauntsey's School, an independent school in West Lavington, Wiltshire. After military service, he attended the University of Birmingham where he graduated in 1951 with a First Class Honours Degree in Zoology. In 1954, he was awarded a D.Phil. from Oxford University for his thesis on the Reproductive Behaviour of the Ten-spined Stickleback, supervised by Nobel Laureate Niko Tinbergen. He was employed by the Zoological Society of London as Curator of Mammals at the London Zoo, eventually leaving in 1966 in frustration about stagnation at the zoo.

In the media

Morris first came to public attention in the 1950s as a presenter of the ITV television programme Zoo Time, but achieved worldwide fame in 1967 with his book The Naked Ape. The book is an unabashed look at the human species, notable for its focus on humanity's animal-like qualities and our similarity with apes, and for explaining human behaviour as largely evolved to meet the challenges of prehistoric life as a hunter-gatherer. Reprinted many times and in many languages, it continues to be a best-seller.

His later studies, books and television shows have continued this focus on human behaviour, explained from a bluntly zoological point of view. This approach itself, and his specific conclusions, have often attracted controversy. His book The Soccer Tribe published in 1981 was partly based on research carried out during his directorship of Oxford United, including as it did analysis of the 'tribal' chanting of the club's fans during matches at the club's Manor Ground.

Art

In addition to his scientific pursuits, he is a surrealist artist. His work has been exhibited alongside works by Spanish painter Joan Miró and contributed significantly to the British Surrealist movement. He had his first solo show in 1948, and has shown regularly since then. In 1957, he curated an exhibition of chimpanzee paintings and drawings at the Institute of Contemporary Arts, London, including paintings by a young chimpanzee called Congo. Details from various of Morris's paintings can be seen on the cover art of early editions of Richard Dawkins's books The Selfish Gene and The Blind Watchmaker.

Morris was the executive director of the Institute of Contemporary Arts, London from 1967-68.

Film adviser

Morris oversaw the creation of the gestural and body language for the Paleolithic human characters in the 1981 film Quest for Fire.

See also

Sociobiology

Sexual selection in human evolution

Bibliography

The Biology of Art (1963) - a look at the paintings of primates and their relation to human art

The Mammals: A Guide to the Living Species (1965) — a comprehensive and compelling listing of all mammal genera, all non-rodent non-bat species, and additional information on select species.

The Naked Ape (1967) — an unabashed look at the human species. The book is notable for its focus on humanity's animalistic qualities and our similarity with other apes. Reprinted many times and in many languages, it continues to be a best-seller.

The Human Zoo (1969) — a continuation of the previous book, analysing human behaviour in big modern societies and their resemblance to animal behaviour in captivity.

Intimate Behaviour (1971) — this book examines and analyses any physical contact acted out by human animals. From clapping, to having a hair cut, to hand jive, to patting on the back, to hugging, to babe suckling, to copulation...

Gestures: Their Origin and Distribution (1979)

Animal Days (1979) — Autobiographical

The Soccer Tribe (1981)

Pocket Guide to Manwatching (1982)

Inrock (1983)

Bodywatching – A Field Guide to the Human Species (1985) — Hundreds of photos analyzing the human body from hair down to the feet.

Catwatching: & Cat Lore (1986) — a study of one of the most popular of household pets across the centuries.

Dogwatching (1986) — an in-depth study of "man's best friend".

Horsewatching (1989) — subtitled "Why does a horse whinny and everything else you ever wanted to know"

Animalwatching (1990)

Babywatching (1991)

The Human Animal (1994) — book and BBC documentary TV series

The Human Sexes (1997) — Discovery/BBC documentary TV series

Cat World: A Feline Encyclopedia (1997)

The Naked Eye (2001)

Dogs: The Ultimate Dictionary of over 1000 Dog Breeds (2001)

Peoplewatching: The Desmond Morris Guide to Body Language (2002)

The Naked Woman: A Study of the Female Body (2004)

Linguaggio muto (Dumb language) (2004)

The Nature of Happiness (2004)

Watching (2006)

The Naked Man: A Study of the Male Body (2008)

Baby: A Portrait of the First Two Years of Life (2008)

Planet Ape (2009)

References

External links

www.desmond-morris.com Official website including a complete biography

Category:1928 births Category:Living people Category:Alumni of the University of Birmingham Category:Alumni of the University of Oxford Category:English curators Category:English science writers Category:English television presenters Category:English zoologists Category:Ethologists Category:Fellows of Wolfson College, Oxford Category:Fellows of the Zoological Society of London Category:Human evolution theorists Category:Old Dauntseians Category:People from Purton Category:Surrealist artists Category:Presenters of the Royal Institution Christmas Lectures