This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Albanian nationalism (Albania) 00:02:40 1 History 00:02:48 2 Ottoman period: Development of Albanian Nationalism during National Albanian Awakening 00:03:02 2.1 Background 00:05:38 2.2 Eastern Crisis and Albanian National Awakening 00:09:42 2.3 Myth of Skanderbeg 00:11:33 2.4 Hellenism, Orthodoxy and Albanian nationalism 00:16:02 2.5 Western influences and origin theories 00:20:10 2.6 Geopolitical consequences and legacy 00:27:13 3 Independence, Interwar period and World War Two (1912-1944) 00:27:28 3.1 Independence 00:31:14 3.2 Interwar period (1919-1938) 00:36:01 3.3 World War Two (1939-1944) 00:39:13 4 Albanian Nationalism during the People's Republic of Albania (1945–1991) 00:41:05 4.1 Nationalist ideology during communism 00:43:02 4.2 Origin theories during communism 00:45:04 4.3 Nationalism and religion 00:47:17 4.4 Name changes 00:49:24 5 Contemporary Albanian nationalism (1992-present) 00:49:36 5.1 Post-communist developments in society and politics 00:55:30 5.2 Greater Albania and Albanian politics 00:58:10 5.3 Influence of origin theories in contemporary society and politics 01:02:12 5.4 Contemporary Albanian identity 01:04:31 6 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY ======= Albanian nationalism emerged in Albania during the 19th century. By the late Ottoman period Albanians were mainly Muslims with close ties to the Ottoman Empire. The lack of previous Albanian statehood to draw upon resulted in Albanian nationalism developing later unlike neighbouring nationalisms of the Serbs and Greeks. The onset of the Eastern crisis (1870s) that threatened partition of Balkan Albanian inhabited lands by neighbouring Orthodox Christian states stimulated the emergence of the Albanian national awakening (Rilindja) and nationalist movement. During the 19th century, some Western scholarly influences, Albanian diasporas such as the Arbereshë and Albanian National Awakening figures contributed greatly to spreading influences and ideas among Balkan Albanians within the context of Albanian self-determination. Among those were ideas of an Illyrian contribution to Albanian ethnogenesis which still dominate Albanian nationalism in contemporary times and other ancient peoples claimed as ancestors of the Albanians, in particular the Pelasgians of which have been claimed again in recent times.Due to overlapping and competing territorial claims with other Balkan nationalisms and states over land dating from the late Ottoman period, these ideas comprise a national myth that establishes precedence over neighboring peoples (Slavs and Greeks) and allow movements for independence and self-determination, as well as irredentist claims against neighboring countries. Pan-Albanian sentiments are also present and historically have been achieved only once when part of Kosovo and western Macedonia was united by Axis Italian forces to their protectorate of Albania during the Second World War. Albanian nationalism contains a series of myths relating to Albanian origins, cultural purity and national homogeneity, religious indifference as the basis of Albanian national identity, and continuing national struggles. The figure of Skanderbeg is one of the main constitutive myths of Albanian nationalism that is based on a person, as other myths are based on ideas, abstract concepts, and collectivism. These ideas and concepts were further developed during the interwar period under Ahmet Zog and later the Socialist People's Republic of Albania (1945–1991), which mainly focused on Illyrian-Albanian continuity in addition to reinterpreting certain Ancient Greek figures and history as Albanian. In a post communist environment, Albanian National Awakening values, ideas and concepts that were enforced, developed further and expanded during Enver Hoxha's regime are still somewhat present within Albanian society and politics that have been reinterpreted within the context of Euro-Atlantic integration.

• published: 18 Dec 2018
• views: 502