Novaya Gazeta (Russian: Новая газета, translated as New Gazette) is a Russian newspaper well known in the country for its critical and investigative coverage of Russian political and social affairs. It is published in Moscow, regions within Russia and in some foreign countries. As of 2009, the print edition is published on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. English articles on the webpage are published more erratically. Four Novaya Gazeta journalists were murdered between 2001 and 2009.

Novaya Gazeta is known for being critical of Russian government policy. Journalist Anna Politkovskaya, who was critical of Russia's actions in Chechnya, wrote for Novaya Gazeta until her assassination on October 7, 2006. The journalist wrote in an essay that the editors received:

Visitors every day in our editorial office who have nowhere else to bring their troubles, because the Kremlin finds their stories off-message, so that the only place they can be aired is in our newspaper, Novaya Gazeta.

Yury Shchekochikhin, a renowned journalist and deputy in the State Duma, had also worked for the newspaper as an investigative journalist and had been a deputy Editor-in-Chief of it until he died after a mysterious and severe allergy on July 3, 2003. Some of his contributions published in Novaya Gazeta were related to the investigation of the Three Whales Corruption Scandal.