Maroon is a bright, rich, deep, or dark red color, depending on which tone of maroon is in question; could be purplish in color.

Maroon is derived from French marron ("chestnut").

The first recorded use of maroon as a color name in English was in 1789.

At right is displayed the bright tone of maroon that was designated as maroon in Crayola crayons beginning in 1949. It is a bright medium shade of maroon halfway between red and rose. The color halfway between red and rose is crimson, so this color is also a tone of crimson.

At right is displayed the color rich maroon, i.e. maroon as defined in the X11 color names, which is much brighter and more toned toward rose than the HTML/CSS maroon shown above.

See the chart Color names that clash between X11 and HTML/CSS in the X11 color names article to see those colors which are different in HTML/CSS and X11.

Displayed at right is the web color dark red.

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Vexillology (The study of Flags)

Color or colour (see spelling differences) is the visual perceptual property corresponding in humans to the categories called red, green, blue, and others. Color derives from the spectrum of light (distribution of light power versus wavelength) interacting in the eye with the spectral sensitivities of the light receptors. Color categories and physical specifications of color are also associated with objects, materials, light sources, etc., based on their physical properties such as light absorption, reflection, or emission spectra. By defining a color space, colors can be identified numerically by their coordinates.

Because perception of color stems from the varying spectral sensitivity of different types of cone cells in the retina to different parts of the spectrum, colors may be defined and quantified by the degree to which they stimulate these cells. These physical or physiological quantifications of color, however, do not fully explain the psychophysical perception of color appearance.