In Buddhism, a bodhisattva (Sanskrit: बोधिसत्त्व bodhisattva; Pali: बोधिसत्त bodhisatta) is an enlightenment (bodhi) being (sattva). Traditionally, a bodhisattva is anyone who, motivated by great compassion, has generated bodhicitta, which is a spontaneous wish to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all sentient beings. According to Tibetan Buddhism, a Bodhisattva is one of the four sublime states a human can achieve in life (the others being an Arhat, Buddha, or Pratyekabuddha). The bodhisattva is a popular subject in Buddhist art. Usage of the term bodhisattva has evolved over time. In early Indian Buddhism, for example, the term bodhisattva was primarily used to refer specifically to the Buddha in his former lives. The Jatakas, which are the stories of his lives, depict the various attempts of the bodhisattva to embrace qualities like self-sacrifice and morality. Bodhisattva es un término propio del budismo que alude a alguien embarcado en el camino del Buda de manera significativa. Es un término compuesto: bodhi ("supremo conocimiento", iluminación) y sattva (ser). Así pues, hace referencia a un ser embarcado en búsqueda de la suprema iluminación. 菩薩，即菩提薩埵（巴利文：बोधिसत्त bodhisatta；梵文：बोधिसत्त्व bodhisattva）之略稱，過去曾譯作菩提索多、冒地薩怛縛、或扶薩。Bodhi（菩提）意為「覺悟」，satto 或 sattva 意為「有情」，譯成漢語的意思為「覺有情」：追求覺悟的有情眾生，使人覺悟的有情眾生。佛經中所舉出菩薩的異名有：開士、大士、尊人、聖士、超士、無上、自在、勇健、大道心成眾生、身業無失語業無失意業無失、身業清淨語業清淨意業清淨、身業無動語業無動意業無動等。 Bodhisattva (devanāgarī बोधिसत्त्व) è un sostantivo maschile sanscrito che letteralmente significa "Essere (sattva) 'illuminazione' (bodhi)". È un termine proprio del Buddhismo. བྱང་སེམས་ཅན་ནི་ཁོག་པ་སྙིང་རྗེས་ཁེངས་ཞིང་བྱང་ཆུབ་ཀྱི་སེམས་པ་ལྡན་པའི་མི་ཞིག་མ་འོངས་པའི་ནང་སངས་བྱེད་འདོད་མཁན་ཞིག Bhikkhus, antes do meu despertar, quando eu ainda era um Bodisatva não iluminado, eu também, estando eu mesmo sujeito ao nascimento, busquei aquilo que também estava sujeito ao nascimento; estando eu mesmo sujeito ao envelhecimento, enfermidade, morte, tristeza e contaminações, busquei aquilo que também estava sujeito ao envelhecimento, enfermidade, morte, tristeza e contaminações. —Ariyapariyesana Sutta

• published: 13 Sep 2013
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