Guruvayur (Malayalam: ഗുരുവായൂർ) (also written as Guruvayoor or Gurupavanapuri) is a municipal town in Thrissur District, of Kerala State in India. It houses the famous Guruvayur Sree Krishna Temple, the fourth biggest temple in India in terms of the number of devotees per day.
Guruvayur, according to the legends may be 5,000 years old as the Guruvayur temple idol is. There are no historical records to establish it. In the 14th century, Tamil literature 'Kokasandesam', references about a place called Kuruvayur is made. As early as 16th century, many references are seen about Kuruvayur. In ancient Dravidic, Kuruvai means sea, hence the village on the coast may be called Kuruvayur. According to eminent historian Professor K. V. Krishna Iyer, the Brahmins had begun to come and settle at Kodungallur during the period of Chandra Gupta Maurya (321-297 BC).
Guruvayur was a subordinate shrine of Trikkunavay Shiva temple before the latter was destroyed by the Dutch in 1755. Trikkunavay in the Guruvayur documents is the same as Thrikkanamathilakam or Mathilakam mentioned in the Dutch and British records. And this place was in between Guruvayur and Kodungallur. The story of Pandyan King building a shrine here may be a reference to the Azhavars, but they are all silent in their writing about Guruvayur. It was Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri's Narayaniyam through which the Guruvayur temple got famous all over India.
Guruvayur Dorai (born July 2, 1935) is one of India's senior-most exponents of the South Indian classical percussion instrument, the mridangam. He had his initial training under Palghat Subba Iyer and E.P. Narayana Pisharody, and later from the legendary master Palani Subramaniam Pillai. Initiating his concert performances at the age of eight, Guruvayur Dorai has performed on the concert platform for the past 60 years. His wide range of efforts in the field of mridangam and music have helped propagate the art around the globe.
An exponent of the Pudukottai style of mridangam, Guruvayur Dorai (his real name being Vaidynathan) was born in Guruvayur, Kerala, to G.S. Krishna Iyer and Meenakshi. His father was a priest and mother, a housewife. He has two brothers and three sisters. His sister Guruvayur Ponnammal was a highly reputed singer at the time. His other sister is a reputed music teacher in Madras, while his brother, G.K.Rajamani is a notable violinist living in Palghat (Kerala).
Young Dorai had a penchant for percussion and was frequently seen drumming on his body with his fingers even while in sleep. Struck by polio at the age of five, his father thought it would be difficult for Dorai to go outside of Guruvayur for higher studies and a job.
Mannargudi Easwaran (Tamil: மன்னார்குடி ஈஸ்வரன்) (born April 1, 1947) is a leading contemporary mridangam player and Carnatic musician. He is a staff artiste of All India Radio and has received several awards, including Kalaimamani from the Government of Tamil Nadu in 2003 (for the year 2001) and the Palghat Mani Iyer Award in 2006.
Easwaran has played the Mridangam alongside many notable carnatic musicians, including Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer, M. S. Subbulakshmi, M. L. Vasanthakumari, Maharajapuram Santhanam, M. Balamuralikrishna, Veena S Balachander, T. N. Krishnan, Lalgudi Jayaraman, Madurai T. N. Seshagopalan, Flute Mali, Dr N. Ramani. Among the contemporary artists he has played alongside T. V. Sankaranarayanan, O. S. Thyagarajan, N. Ravikiran, Maharajapuram S Ramachandran, Sudha Raghunathan, Unni Krishnan, Sanjay Subrahmanyan, Vijay Siva, Ganesh and Kumaresh and T.M. Krishna.