Club Deportivo Málaga was a Spanish football club based in Málaga, in the autonomous community of Andalusia. It played twenty seasons in La Liga, before being dissolved in 1992.

Málaga CF, which also played in the top division several years, was originally its reserve team. Both clubs held home matches at Estadio La Rosaleda.

Club Deportivo Málaga traced its history back to 1904, with the formation of Málaga Foot-Ball Club and 1912 saw the birth of a rival club, Fútbol Club Malagueño. In 1927 the former became Real Málaga Fútbol Club after being granted royal patronage by Alfonso XIII.

In the 1929–30 season, both teams were founding members of the national third division and, in late 1930, Real Málaga was renamed Málaga Sports Club. Three years later, Málaga Sport Club and FC Malagueño merged (although what legally happened was that FC Malagueño absorbed Málaga Sport Club) to become Club Deportivo Malacitano and, in 1934, the latter made its debuts in the second level, when the category was expanded from ten teams to twenty four.

Málaga (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmalaɣa]; Phoenician: מַלַחַה, Malaḥa) is a city and a municipality in the Autonomous Community of Andalusia, Spain. With a population of 568,507 in 2010, it is the second most populous city of Andalusia and the fifth largest in Spain. This is the southernmost large city in Europe. It lies on the Costa del Sol (Coast of the Sun) of the Mediterranean, about 100 km (62.14 mi) east of the Strait of Gibraltar and about 130 km (80.78 mi) north of Africa.

Málaga enjoys a subtropical–mediterranean climate. It has one of the warmest winters in Europe, with average temperatures of 17 °C (62.6 °F) during the day and 7–8 °C (45–46 °F) at night in the period from December through February. The summer season lasts about eight months, from April through November, although in the remaining four months temperatures sometimes reach around 20 °C (68.0 °F).

Málaga's history spans about 2,800 years, making it one of the oldest cities in the world. It was founded by the Phoenicians as Malaka about 770 BC, and from the 6th century BC was under the hegemony of Ancient Carthage. Then from 218 BC it was ruled by the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire as Malaca (Latin). After the fall of the empire it was under Islamic Arab domination as Mālaqah (مالقة) for 800 years, but in 1487 it came under the dominion of the Spaniards in the Reconquista. The archaeological remains and monuments from the Phoenician, Roman, Arabic and Christian eras make the historic center of the city an "open museum", displaying its rich history of more than 3,000 years.