Eh Postcode Area

Tuesday, 18 December 2012

Ibang-Ibaan street dance (Ala eh festival!) 2011

It's not WWE, But eh it happened in Burbank, CA 2008 :-D

AlphaZoner 1 - BOBBY LA BEAT x RIOT ERP - ¡Eh!.avi

OneCentSky Commentaries: Billythehedgehog1

tamer hosny gara eh ya3en _ تامر حسنى جرى ايه ياعين

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A702 road
The A702 is a major road in Scotland, that runs from Edinburgh to St. John's Town of Dalry in Dumfries and Galloway. It is the last section of a sometimes recommended route^{[by whom?]} between London and Edinburgh, the English and Scottish capitals, which now follows the M1, M6, A74(M) and A702 roads, rather than the more direct A1 and A1(M) which runs all the way.
It starts as a primary route at the Tollcross junction in Edinburgh, and continues south until it meets the Edinburgh City Bypass (A720) on the city's outskirts. In the city is known as Home Street, Leven Street, Bruntsfield Place, Morningside Road, Comiston Road and finally Biggar Road. It continues in a south-westerly direction through the Pentland Hills to Biggar, before following the Clyde Valley. The route is a major commuter route for residents of Carlops, West Linton and Biggar who work in and around the Edinburgh area. The road passes through the attractive villages off Coulter and Lamington, before meeting the A73 road at a new roundabout junction, and then shortly afterwards meets junction 13 of the M74. From Abington, it continues as a non-primary route, and overlaps the A76 road for 1½ miles until Thornhill. From Thornhill, the road winds south-west still, through the village of Moniaive, until eventually reaching St. John's Town of Dalry. Here, it terminates at its junction with the A713 road.

wn.com/A702_road
A71 road
The A71 is a major road in Scotland linking Edinburgh with Lanarkshire and Ayrshire. It adjoins the Livingston Bypass A899.
It runs south west from Edinburgh for approximately 70 miles, through Saughton, Wilkieston and south of Livingston, Whitburn and Wishaw, then by way of the Garrion Bridge, Stonehouse, Strathaven, Darvel, Newmilns, Galston, Hurlford and Kilmarnock to Irvine on the North Ayrshire coast.
Formerly a trunk route from the east to the west coast of Scotland it has since been downgraded to a mix of primary and secondary routes. From Edinburgh to Darvel, it is now a secondary route,in a poor state of repair in some places. But, from Darvel to Irvine, it has retained its primary route status.
The A71 almost parallels the M8 between the A720 (Edinburgh City Bypass) and the junction with the A73 at Newmains. It passes through the village of Wilkieston and onto the Mid Calder bypass, which leads the route to the south of Livingston. The A71 follows a very straight course through Livingston with several grade separated junctions.

wn.com/A71_road
A90 road
The A90 road is a major north to south road in eastern Scotland, running from Edinburgh to Fraserburgh in Aberdeenshire.
From Edinburgh, it travels west and over the Forth Road Bridge, before turning into the M90 motorway. At Perth, the M90 again becomes the A90, now running north east to Dundee and through the Kingsway road system. It then passes Forfar, Brechin, Stracathro (the site of an ancient Roman Camp), Stonehaven, Bridge of Muchalls (where the Burn of Muchalls flows under), near Muchalls Castle, near Saint Ternan's Church, Newtonhill, Portlethen, from there through the city of Aberdeen, crossing the Ythan Estuary, on to Peterhead on its way to Fraserburgh. The A952 road serves as a more direct inland bypass to the A90 road in its northerly extent.
The Dundee to Aberdeen stretch of the A90 is notorious for speed cameras. Unusually, the 60 mile trip from Dundee to Aberdeen along the A90 entails over a dozen speed cameras including a majority of fixed Gatso types as well as locations used by mobile camera vans. These cameras can be found on long fast stretches of road, and shortly before dangerous junctions, such as at the Laurencekirk junction where a 50 mph speed limit is in force. This was introduced due to this junction's appalling safety record. A similar speed restriction was imposed at Forfar until two new grade-separated junctions were built, after which the restriction was lifted.

wn.com/A90_road
AL postcode area
Coordinates: 51°46′37″N 0°17′10″W / 51.777°N 0.286°W / 51.777; -0.286
The AL postcode area, also known as the St Albans postcode area, is a group of ten postcode districts in central Hertfordshire which are subdivisions of five post towns.
Mail posted in this area is processed in Watford (Ascot Road WD18), and is delivered from offices at St Albans (Brick Knoll Park AL1), Harpenden (Station Road AL5), and Hatfield (Town Centre AL10). The area served includes St Albans and Welwyn Hatfield.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: , EN (Enfield), WD (Watford), HP (Hemel Hempstead), LU (Luton), SG (Stevenage).

wn.com/AL_postcode_area
B postcode area
Coordinates: 52°27′47″N 1°53′20″W / 52.463°N 1.889°W / 52.463; -1.889
The B postcode area, also known as the Birmingham postcode area, provides postcodes for the boroughs of Birmingham, Solihull, Sandwell and Walsall and parts of Warwickshire, Worcestershire and Staffordshire in England.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: CV (Coventry), WR (Worcester), DY (Dudley), WS (Walsall), DE (Derby).
Before the introduction of postcodes in the 1960s, Birmingham along with other major cities were divided into numbered postal districts. With a few exceptions these were directly incorporated into the outcode (the first part of the postcode).
For example, Great Barr was formerly Birmingham 22 and Birmingham 22A (now B43 and 44) and Smethwick was formerly Birmingham 40 and 41 (now B66 and 67 and a separate post town).

[]

wn.com/B_postcode_area
Balerno
Coordinates: 55°53′07″N 3°20′15″W / 55.88518°N 3.337526°W / 55.88518; -3.337526
Balerno (Scottish Gaelic: Baile Àirneach) is a suburb of Edinburgh, Scotland situated 12 kilometres south west of the city centre, next to Juniper Green and Currie. Administratively, Balerno falls within the jurisdiction of the City of Edinburgh Council.
Its name derives from the Scottish Gaelic Baile Airneach, meaning "townland/town of the hawthorns". The earliest written records of Balhernoch or Balernach are found in the late 13th century.
The 18th Century brought substantial development to the area, with many new flax, snuff and paper mills springing up around the Water of Leith (evidence of flax production can be seen in Harlaw Woods). These mills were a prominent feature of village life until fairly recently. After the First World War house building began in earnest in the area and since then residential pressures have almost overwhelmed commercial and industrial ones. There was a short loop railway running over what is now the Water of Leith Walkway.

wn.com/Balerno
Barnton, Edinburgh
Barnton is an affluent district of Edinburgh, Scotland, located to the north-west of the city.
It is home to the Royal High School of Edinburgh; Braehead House, a plain Scots Classical house dating from circa 1700; and The Royal Burgess Golfing Society, one of the oldest golf clubs in Scotland. Barnton Quarry, a former stone quarry in the area, is the (now derelict) site of an underground bunker which, in the event of nuclear war, would have served as the regional seat of government for Scotland from 1961 until its abandonment in 1985.

Coordinates: 55°57′45.88″N 3°18′26.69″W / 55.9627444°N 3.3074139°W / 55.9627444; -3.3074139

wn.com/Barnton,_Edinburgh
Bathgate
Coordinates: 55°54′08″N 3°38′35″W / 55.902359°N 3.643097°W / 55.902359; -3.643097
Bathgate (Scots: Bathket, Scottish Gaelic: Both Chèit) is a town in West Lothian, Scotland, on the M8 motorway 5 miles (8 km) west of Livingston. Nearby towns are Armadale, Blackburn, Linlithgow, Livingston, West Calder, and Whitburn. Edinburgh Airport is 13 miles (21 km) away. Situated 2 miles (3 km) south of the Neolithic burial site at Cairnpapple Hill, Bathgate and the surrounding area show signs of habitation since about 3500 BC.
Bathgate first enters the chronicles of history in a confirmation charter by King Malcolm IV of Scotland (1141 – 9 December 1165). In royal charters of the 12th, 13th and 14th centuries, the name of Bathgate has appeared as: Bathchet (1160), Bathket (1250) and Bathgetum (1316). Batket in the 14th century, and by the 15th appeared as both Bathgat and Bathcat. The name is a “manifest corruption” of the original Cumbric derivation meaning Boar Wood (baedd coed).
In 1315, the daughter of King Robert I of Scotland (Robert The Bruce), Marjorie (alternatively spelt Margery) Bruce, married Walter Stewart (or Steward) (1293– 1326), the 6th Lord High Steward of Scotland. The dowry to her husband included the lands and castle of Bathgate. Walter died at the castle on 9 April 1326. This marriage is still celebrated in an annual pageant forming part of the Bathgate Procession & John Newlands Festival, colloquially known as the Bathgate Galaday (or Gala day).

wn.com/Bathgate
Bilston, Midlothian
Bilston is a small village in Midlothian, Scotland, just south of Loanhead on the A701. It is next to Bilston Glen industrial estate.
Bilston Burn is a tributary of the River North Esk. It flows east from the village, and is classified as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).
A proposed bypass, taking the A701 east of the village, was put forward by Midlothian Council in 2000, and is included in the development plan.. One of the proposed routes of the by-pass is through the SSSI woodland in Bilston Glen, although this option may prove expensive as a result of subsidence issues caused by extensive mine workings in the area. Protesters objecting to the scheme continue to occupy the SSSI woodlands, though no construction work has begun. This occupation has seen extensive building of tree-houses and has significantly altered the woodland.
Coordinates: 55°52′8.84″N 3°10′42.77″W / 55.8691222°N 3.1785472°W / 55.8691222; -3.1785472

wn.com/Bilston,_Midlothian
BL postcode area
Coordinates: 53°35′13″N 2°24′29″W / 53.587°N 2.408°W / 53.587; -2.408
The BL postcode area, also known as the Bolton postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around the towns of Bolton and Bury, along with outlying areas of Chorley, Rossendale and Blackburn with Darwen, England.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: OL (Oldham), M (Manchester), WN (Wigan), PR (Preston), BB (Blackburn).

wn.com/BL_postcode_area
BN postcode area
Coordinates: 50°49′44″N 0°06′43″W / 50.829°N 0.112°W / 50.829; -0.112
The BN postcode area, also known as the Brighton postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around the city of Brighton and Hove, the East Sussex districts of Lewes, Eastbourne and Wealden, and the West Sussex districts of Adur, Arun, Horsham, Mid Sussex and Worthing.The main sorting office is in Crawley (although called Gatwick Mail Centre)
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: , PO (Portsmouth), GU (Guildford), RH (Redhill), TN (Tonbridge).

wn.com/BN_postcode_area
Bo'ness
Coordinates: 56°01′01″N 3°36′32″W / 56.01681°N 3.60891°W / 56.01681; -3.60891
Bo'ness—properly Borrowstounness—( /boʊˈnɛs/ boh-NESS) is a coastal town in the Central Lowlands of Scotland. It lies on a hillside on the south bank of the Firth of Forth within the Falkirk council area, 16.9 miles (27.2 km) north-west of Edinburgh and 6.7 miles (10.8 km) east of Falkirk. At the 2001 census, Bo'ness had a resident population of 13,961 but according to a 2008 estimate this has since risen to 14,490. Before 1975 the town was in the former county of West Lothian.
Bo'ness was formerly a centre of heavy industry, coal mining and had a major port. However, the town is now primarily a commuter town.
Bo'ness has important historical links to the Roman period and marks the eastern extent of the Antonine Wall which stretched from Bo'ness to Old Kilpatrick on the west coast of Scotland. Roman artifacts, some with inscriptions, have been found in the eastern part of the town at Carriden. A Roman fort called Veluniate, long since lost to history, once stood on the site now occupied by the grounds of Carriden House. Indeed, it is said that stones from the fort were used in the building of the mansion house. Several artifacts have been uncovered over the years by the local farming community, with many of them now on display in the Museum of Edinburgh. Other Roman sites have been identified at Muirhouses (known locally as "The Murrays") and Kinglass on the south-east side of the town. Kinneil, in the western part of Bo'ness, was mentioned by Bede, who wrote that it was named Pennfahel ("Wall's end") in Pictish and Penneltun in Old English. It was also Pengwawl in old Welsh. In the grounds of Kinneil House is the ruin of the small house where James Watt worked on his steam engine. The Antonine Wall was named as an extension to the Frontiers of the Roman Empire World Heritage Site by UNESCO in July 2007. A Roman fortlet can still be seen at Kinneil Estate.

wn.com/Bo'ness
Bonnyrigg
Coordinates: 55°52′29″N 3°06′11″W / 55.8747°N 3.1031°W / 55.8747; -3.1031
Bonnyrigg is a town in Midlothian, Scotland, eight miles (13 kilometres) southeast of Edinburgh city centre. The town had a population of 11,260 in the 1991 census which has risen to 14,457 according to the 2001 census. Along with Lasswade, Bonnyrigg is a twin town with Saint-Cyr-l'École, France.
Early maps of the locality show different spellings of the village name. In 1766, a village called "Bannockrigg", is shown on maps, then, in 1815, the spelling changes to "Bannocrig". This spelling remains until 1854, when, for some unknown reason, the spelling changes to the now familiar Bonnyrigg.
In 1865, the villages of Bonnyrigg, Red Row, Polton Street, Hillhead and Broomieknowe combined to form the burgh of Bonnyrigg, and then, in 1881, the village of Lasswade and part of Broomieknowe combined to form the burgh of Lasswade. In 1929 the two burghs joined together to form the burgh of Bonnyrigg & Lasswade. This burgh lasted for 45 years until it was abolished in 1974/75, when local government changes were introduced. Bonnyrigg was a mining village until the 1920s, while its carpet factory was demolished in 1994. The town centre mostly dates from the 19th century, though buildings at the main crossroads were rebuilt in the 1960s. In 2006, Bonnyrigg town centre benefited from £1.5m of environmental improvements. Natural stone paving replaced the existing concrete paving slabs in areas across the town centre and new street lighting and furniture were installed.

wn.com/Bonnyrigg
BR postcode area
Coordinates: 51°23′38″N 0°02′49″E / 51.394°N 0.047°E / 51.394; 0.047
The BR postcode area, also known as the Bromley postcode area, is a group of eight postcode districts in England which are subdivisions of seven post towns. The majority of these postcode districts cover part of south east London, although the BR8 district covers a small area of south east London and also a small area of Kent.
The main sorting office is in Bromley and the area served includes part of the London Borough of Bromley. The northern part of the Kent district of Sevenoaks is also covered by the BR8 postcode district.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: DA (Dartford), TN (Tonbridge), SM (Sutton), SE (London SE). North of Bromley Borough is SE London and DA Bexley, East of Bromley Borough is TN Sevenoaks, South of Bromley Borough is RH Tandridge, West of Bromley Borough is CR Croydon,

wn.com/BR_postcode_area
Bruntsfield
Bruntsfield is an area of Edinburgh, Scotland, about twenty minutes walk south-west of the city centre. In feudal times it fell within the barony of Colinton.^{[citation needed]}
The modern district of Bruntsfield lies east of Bruntsfield Links park and golf link, beyond which lies the district of Marchmont; Merchiston is to the west and Tollcross to the north. To the south and east lies the former estate of Greenhill, and to the south Morningside. The estate around the grand Bruntsfield House is now called Marchmont (which the Warrender family began feuing in 1872, many of the street names reflecting associations with that family). The whole area lay within the Burgh Muir of Edinburgh, from which a former farm Burghmuirhead took its name which passed eventually to a small area within Bruntsfield. The Burgh Muir stretched all the way through the valley of the Jordan Burn to the slopes of the Pentland Hills. The junction beyond Burghmuirhead on the road to Morningside became known in the twentieth century as Holy Corner from its cluster of Victorian churches.

wn.com/Bruntsfield
BT postcode area
Coordinates: 54°36′11″N 5°55′23″W / 54.603°N 5.923°W / 54.603; -5.923
The BT postcode area, also known as the Belfast postcode area, covers Northern Ireland and was the last part of the United Kingdom to be coded, between 1970 and 1974.^{[citation needed]}
Belfast had already been divided into numbered districts. Today, the Belfast post town covers districts 1 to 17, 58 and part of 29. In common with all addresses in Northern Ireland, Belfast postcodes start with the letters BT, a mnemonic of the capital city's name. The commercial centre of the city is designated BT1 and the surrounding districts form a roughly sequential clockwise ring around the city. The postcode of the Royal Mail offices at Tomb Street in Belfast is BT1 1AA.
The remainder of Northern Ireland is divided into 43 other post towns which are further divided into postcode districts 18-57, 60-82 and 92-94. BT29 is a shared sector partially in the post towns of BELFAST (31 delivery points) and CRUMLIN (7,206 delivery points).

wn.com/BT_postcode_area
Cameron Toll
Cameron Toll is a suburb located to the south of Edinburgh, Scotland. Originally it was the site of a toll house built in the early 19th century, which was located on a stretch of road between Edinburgh and Dalkeith. The meaning of the name Cameron is suggested to be 'crooked hill', derived from the Scots Gaelic 'cam', crooked, and Old Gaelic 'brun' meaning hill, believed to refer to Arthur’s Seat clearly visible nearby; the original name may have been Pictish.
The area is now dominated by a large roundabout, which is crossed by a railway line.
Cameron Toll is 1½ miles from Edinburgh city centre, 2 miles from the Edinburgh City Bypass and is served by many bus services to and from Edinburgh and Midlothian. It is close to The Grange and Newington and the area called the Inch.
The area is the location of Cameron Toll Shopping Centre, Edinburgh’s first ‘out of town’ shopping centre, which opened in 1984 at a cost of £33 million. Built in the former grounds of Inch House between the A7 and A701 roads, the centre occupies a 26 acre site and has free parking for 1200 cars. It contains around 50 shops including one of the largest Sainsbury's supermarkets in Scotland, fashion retailers New Look, Dorothy Perkins and Peacocks, bookshop Waterstones and video game outlet Game. A number of eating and drinking outlets, with seating, are provided on a mezzanine floor and, in the main mall, are leading UK retailers Costa Coffee and Greggs the bakers.

wn.com/Cameron_Toll
Canongate
The Canongate is a small district at the heart of Edinburgh, the capital city of Scotland.
The name derives from the main street running through the area: called Canongate without the definite article, "the". Canongate forms the lower, eastern half of the Royal Mile in Edinburgh's historic Old Town. Until formal incorporation into Edinburgh in 1856, Canongate was a separate burgh. The eastern end of the Canongate is known as the Holyrood area of the city.
The Canongate is named after the canons of Holyrood Abbey and the Scots word gait meaning "road" (echoed in the name of the pub on the street "The Canon's Gait").
As well as the new Scottish Parliament building, which incorporates the historic Queensberry House, the Canongate contains some other notable public buildings, including Huntly House (the Museum of Edinburgh) and the People's Story Museum (located in the historic Canongate Tolbooth.) In 1691 the new Canongate Kirk was opened, replacing Holyrood Abbey as the parish church of the Canongate. The church is still used for Sunday services as well as weekday concerts.

wn.com/Canongate
CB postcode area
Coordinates: 52°12′29″N 0°12′40″E / 52.208°N 0.211°E / 52.208; 0.211
The CB postcode area, also known as the Cambridge postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around Cambridge, Ely, Haverhill, Newmarket and Saffron Walden in England.
The districts CB21 to CB25 were created in September 2006 from parts of the districts CB1 to CB5.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: IP (Ipswich), CO (Colchester), CM (Chelmsford), SG (Stevenage), PE (Peterborough).

wn.com/CB_postcode_area
CM postcode area
Coordinates: 51°45′14″N 0°23′56″E / 51.754°N 0.399°E / 51.754; 0.399
The CM postcode area, also known as the Chelmsford postcode area, is a group of postcode districts in central Essex, England around the towns of Billericay, Braintree, Brentwood, Burnham-on-Crouch, Chelmsford, Dunmow, Epping, Harlow, Ingatestone, Maldon, Ongar, Southminster, Stansted and Witham. However, CM13 and CM14 also covers part of North east London, small and mostly unpopulated protrusions of Cranham and Harold Wood respectively, in the London Borough of Havering.
The Stansted post town (CM24) is entirely surrounded by the Bishop's Stortford post town (CM22 and CM23).
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: , SS (Southend on Sea), RM (Romford), IG (Ilford), EN (Enfield), SG (Stevenage), CB (Cambridge), CO (Colchester).

wn.com/CM_postcode_area
CO postcode area
Coordinates: 51°54′04″N 0°55′59″E / 51.901°N 0.933°E / 51.901; 0.933
The CO postcode area, also known as the Colchester postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around Bures, Clacton-on-Sea, Colchester, Frinton-on-Sea, Halstead, Harwich, Manningtree, Sudbury and Walton-on-the-Naze in England.
The main sorting office is in Colchester. Though the area is based in Essex, it also covers a small part of south Suffolk.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: , CM (Chelmsford), CB (Cambridge), IP (Ipswich).

wn.com/CO_postcode_area
Cockenzie
Cockenzie and Port Seton (Middle Scots: Cockenȝie, the "ȝ" being the letter yogh, Scots pronunciation [koˈkɪni]; Scottish Gaelic: Cùil Choinnich, meaning cove of Kenneth) is a unified town in East Lothian, Scotland, situated on the coast of the Firth of Forth, four miles north east of Musselburgh. The burgh of Cockenzie was created in 1591 by James VI of Scotland. Port Seton harbour was built by George Seton, 11th Lord Seton between 1655 and 1665.
The town has a population of 4,493 as of 2001. Since the last Census in 2001, there have been many new houses built. The population is currently around 5,460. Cockenzie and Port Seton has continued to grow over the years and is now a dormitory town for Scotland's capital city, Edinburgh.
To the west of the town, between Cockenzie and Prestonpans is the site of Cockenzie power station, a large coal-fired power station which has been a major employer since the 1960s, and has enabled the town to survive and prosper.
Cockenzie and Port Seton has grown from what were initially two small fishing villages. The older parts of the town, between the two harbours, retain a more traditional feel and look, similar to many other small fishing villages on the east coast of Scotland. Although the fishing industry has declined in recent years the harbour at Port Seton still retains a small fleet of vessels, mainly fishing for prawns. In the past Cockenzie was also involved in the salt making and coal mining industries.

wn.com/Cockenzie
Colinton
Colinton (Scottish Gaelic: Baile Cholgain) is a suburb of Edinburgh, Scotland situated 6 kilometres south west of the city centre. It is bordered by Dreghorn to the south and Craiglockhart to the north-east. To the north-west it extends to Lanark Road (the A70) and to the south-west to the City Bypass. Bonaly is a subsection of the area on its southern side.
Colinton is a designated conservation area.
Originally sited within a steep-sided glen on a convenient fording point on the Water of Leith, and expanding from there, Colinton's history dates back to before the 11th century.
Close to the Water of Leith is Colinton Parish Church, correctly called St.Cuthbert's Parish Church, originally founded as the Church of Halis (Hailes) around 1095 by Elthelred, third son of Malcolm III and Queen Margaret. The church is particularly picturesque in its setting, which appears more rural than suburban. The current exterior largely dates from 1907 but the structure dates from 1650. It groups pleasantly with its manse, the old schoolhouse and the offertory house at the entrance. The entrance is marked by a lych gate, rare in Scotland and more common in southern England. The cemetery (on the lower slopes to the south) contains the village war memorial. One unique grave within the cemetery is a Norwegian War Grave.

wn.com/Colinton
Comely Bank
Comely Bank is an area of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. It lies south-west of Royal Botanic Garden and is situated between Stockbridge and Craigleith.
The Victorian writer Thomas Carlyle lived in Comely Bank Road between 1819 and 1821 before achieving literary success. At that time, the terrace at the western end of the road was the last row of houses in Edinburgh before the village of Blackhall.
(Google Maps)
Coordinates: 55°57′30″N 3°13′9″W / 55.95833°N 3.21917°W / 55.95833; -3.21917

wn.com/Comely_Bank
CR postcode area
Coordinates: 51°21′22″N 0°05′56″W / 51.356°N 0.099°W / 51.356; -0.099
The CR postcode area, also known as the Croydon postcode area, is a group of nine postcode districts in England, which are subdivisions of eight post towns. The majority of these postcode districts cover part of South London, although CR3 and CR6 cover both places in South London and places in Surrey.
The main sorting office is in Croydon, and the area served includes parts of the London Borough of Croydon and the London Borough of Merton. Part of the Tandridge district of Surrey is covered by parts of the CR3 and CR6 postcode districts.
Croydon was the second town outside London to have experimental postcodes introduced in 1966 (Norwich having been the first). The system originally introduced in Croydon defined the postcode area CRO (letter 'O'), while Norwich used NOR. The postcode experiment was successful, but it was decided that the first part of a postcode should be two letters and a number, so NOR became NR1. However, to save people in Croydon having to change their postcodes, Royal Mail changed CRO to CR0 (digit '0'). As Croydon therefore had the CR0 postcode for its central area, the CR1 postcode was never subsequently introduced, making CR the only postcode area with a district 0 that does not also have a district 1. Another lasting consequence of the experiment is that the CR9 district has only ever been allocated to large users in Croydon – the only UK post town to have all its ordinary and high-volume addresses segregated non-geographically.

wn.com/CR_postcode_area
Craigentinny
Craigentinny (Scottish Gaelic: Creag an t-Sionnaich) is a suburb in the east of Edinburgh, Scotland. Its name is a corruption of the Scottish Gaelic Creag an t-Sionnaich meaning "Foxrock" or Creag an teinne meaning "Fire Crag".
Coordinates: 55°57′31.94″N 3°7′58.07″W / 55.9588722°N 3.1327972°W / 55.9588722; -3.1327972

wn.com/Craigentinny
Craigmillar
Craigmillar (Scottish Gaelic: Creag a' Mhuilleir), from the Gaelic Crag Maol Ard, meaning 'High Bare Rock',^{[citation needed]} is an area of Edinburgh, Scotland, about 3 miles (4.8 km) south east of the city centre, with Duddingston to the north and Newcraighall to the east.
The area consists mainly of inter-war and post-war public housing schemes, ranging from private bungalows to Edinburgh Council-owned high rise tower blocks. The housing schemes were created through the Housing (Scotland) Act of 1924, with lands bought from the Wauchope Estate. Despite the relative modernity of most of the housing in the area, the settlement of Craigmillar itself is very old, and contains Craigmillar Castle, which was begun in the late 14th or early 15th century, and occupied until the early 18th century. In 1660, the Craigmillar estate was bought by Sir John Gilmour, and Inch House remains the property of the Gilmour family.
Craigmillar Brewery formed an industrial focus for the area. Built in 1886 by William Murray of "Murray's Ales" and also serving the Drybrough Brewery. Brewing ceased in 1950 but the majority of the buildings survived into the late 1990s before being cleared for modern flats.

wn.com/Craigmillar
Cramond
Cramond (Scottish Gaelic: Cathair Amain) is a seaside village now part of suburban Edinburgh, Scotland, located in the north-west corner of the city at the mouth of the River Almond where it enters the Firth of Forth.
The Cramond area has a long history, with evidence of Mesolithic, Bronze Age and Roman activity. In modern times, it was the birthplace of the Scottish economist John Law.
It was once believed that Cramond Roman Fort was known to the Romans as Alaterva. A stone altar was dug up in the grounds of Cramond House dedicated "To the Alatervan Mothers and the Mothers of the Parade-ground." Early antiquarians interpreted the inscription as referring to the place where the stone was found, but this idea is no longer accepted among scholars, and "Alatervae" is presumably a native name for the Matronae, perhaps originating with the Tungrian cohort who erected the altar.
In the centuries that followed the end of the Roman occupation, Cramond passed into the hands of the Votadini, who spoke Cumbric, a Brythonic Celtic language, and gave the settlement its name. Cramond is derived from the compound Caer Amon, meaning 'fort on the river', referring to the Roman fort that lay on the River Almond.

wn.com/Cramond
Currie
Coordinates: 55°53′45″N 3°18′27″W / 55.895956°N 3.307439°W / 55.895956; -3.307439
Currie (Scottish Gaelic: Currach) is a civil parish and suburb of Edinburgh, Scotland, situated 10 kilometres south west of the city centre. A former village within the County of Midlothian, it lies to the south west of the city, between Juniper Green (NE) and Balerno (SW) on the Lanark Road. Administratively, Currie falls within the jurisdiction of the City of Edinburgh Council.
In 1995 the population of Currie was 6,343 and it contained 2,300 houses, 850 of them less than 20 years old.
There is no accepted derivation of the name Currie but it is possibly from the Scottish Gaelic word curagh/curragh, a wet or boggy plain, or from the Brythonic word curi, a dell or hollow. The neighbouring suburb of Balerno derives its name from Scottish Gaelic, whilst the nearby Pentland Hills derive their name from Brythonic, so either is possible.
The earliest record of a settlement in the Currie area is a Bronze Age razor (1800 BC) found at Kinleith Mill and the stone cists (500 BC) at Duncan's Belt and Blinkbonny. There are a few mentions of this area in mediaeval and early modern documents. One of the first is when Robert of Kildeleith became Chancellor of Scotland in 1249. Kildeleith means Chapel by the Leith, and survives today as Kinleith. Robert the Bruce gave Riccarton as a wedding present in 1315 and in 1392 the land passed to the family of Bishop Wardlaw. In 1612 the land went to Ludovic Craig, a Senator of the College of Justice. In 1818 it passed to the female line and became the property of the Gibson-Craigs.

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CV postcode area
Coordinates: 52°22′19″N 1°30′07″W / 52.372°N 1.502°W / 52.372; -1.502
The CV postcode area, also known as the Coventry postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around Atherstone, Bedworth, Coventry, Kenilworth, Leamington Spa, Nuneaton, Rugby, Shipston-on-Stour, Southam, Stratford-upon-Avon and Warwick in England.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: NN (Northampton), OX (Oxford), GL (Gloucester), WR (Worcester), B (Birmingham), DE (Derby), LE (Leicester).

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DA postcode area
Coordinates: 51°26′28″N 0°13′19″E / 51.441°N 0.222°E / 51.441; 0.222
The DA postcode area, also known as the Dartford postcode area but is currently partly in the London districts map, making it partly in London according to the Royal Mail., is a group of 18 postcode districts in England, which are subdivisions of 11 post towns. Some of these postcode districts cover places in south east London, some cover places in north west Kent.
The main sorting office is in Dartford and the area served includes most of the London Borough of Bexley, the Kent boroughs of Dartford and Gravesham, and very small parts of the London Borough of Bromley and the Royal Borough of Greenwich.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: ME (Rochester), TN (Tonbridge), BR (Bromley), SE (London SE), RM (Romford). The northern boundary is the River Thames.

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Dalkeith
Coordinates: 55°53′45″N 3°03′30″W / 55.8958°N 3.0583°W / 55.8958; -3.0583

Dalkeith (Scottish Gaelic: Dail Cheith) is a town in Midlothian, Scotland, lying on the River Esk. It was granted a burgh of barony in 1401 and a burgh of regality in 1540. The settlement of Dalkeith grew southwestwards from its 12th-century castle (now Dalkeith Palace). Dalkeith has a population of 11,566 people according to the 2001 census.
The town is divided into four distinct areas: Dalkeith proper with its town centre and historic core, with Eskbank to its west and Woodburn to its east. Eskbank is the well-heeled district of Dalkeith with many large Victorian and newer houses. To the south of Eskbank is Newbattle with its abbey. Woodburn could not be more different, being a working class council estate built from around 1935 onwards.
Dalkeith is the main administrative centre for Midlothian. It is twinned with Jarnac, France. In 2004, Midlothian Council re-paved Jarnac Court in honour of Dalkeith and Jarnac's long standing link.

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Danderhall
Danderhall is a village in Midlothian, Scotland. It is just outside the city of Edinburgh, but inside the Edinburgh City Bypass.
The village includes a large amount of council housing — although much of this is now privately owned by the occupiers. Danderhall was formerly a "mining village", supplying labour for the nearby coal mines of Edmonstone to the northwest, Sheriffhall to the southeast, Woolmet to the east and Monktonhall beyond that. The latter was the last to remain open, but closed in 1998.
Danderhall is made up of 1,200 homes and a small number of shops. Danderhall also includes a library, primary school, two churches (a Church of Scotland and "Calvary Chapel of Edinburgh"), a doctor's office, a miner's club with a bowling green and a community centre.
Notable people from Danderhall include footballer Grant Brebner, now playing in Australia and former Hearts and Motherwell footballer Kevin Twaddle; the village is also home to Scottish bowlers David Peacock, Alex Marshall and David Marshall.

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DE postcode area
Coordinates: 52°55′55″N 1°29′56″W / 52.932°N 1.499°W / 52.932; -1.499
The DE postcode area, also known as the Derby postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around Alfreton, Ashbourne, Bakewell, Belper, Burton upon Trent, Derby, Heanor, Ilkeston, Matlock, Ripley and Swadlincote in England.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: NG (Nottingham), LE (Leicester), CV (Coventry), B (Birmingham), WS (Walsall), ST (Stoke-on-Trent), SK (Stockport), S (Sheffield).

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Dean Village
Dean Village (from dene, meaning 'deep valley') is a former village immediately northwest of Edinburgh, Scotland city centre. It was known as the "Water of Leith Village" and was a successful grain milling hamlet for more than 800 years. At one time there were no fewer than eleven working mills there, driven by the strong currents of the Water of Leith. The mylnes of Dene were listed in the King David I Charters.
In 1833, the four-arched Dean Bridge, designed by Thomas Telford and 106 feet above the water level, was opened to carry the Queensferry Road over the Dean Gorge, almost at the sole expense of Mr John Learmonth Lord Provost of Edinburgh. The contractors were John Gibb & Son, from Aberdeen. Another intention of the new bridge was to open up the Dean estate to feuing. The side parapet of the bridge was raised in height at the beginning of the 20th century as a deterrent to suicides, which were very common here in the 19th century, being more or less guaranteed success. The change in stonework is still visible. Dean Bridge was featured in Ian Rankin's fictional book Strip Jack, in which a woman is found dead in the river underneath the bridge.

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DN postcode area
Coordinates: 53°32′31″N 0°43′30″W / 53.542°N 0.725°W / 53.542; -0.725
The DN postcode area, also known as the Doncaster postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around Barnetby, Barrow upon Humber, Barton-upon-Humber, Brigg, Cleethorpes, Doncaster, Gainsborough, Goole, Grimsby, Immingham, Retford, Scunthorpe and Ulceby in England.
The S64 postcode district was originally earmarked as the DN13 postcode district. On a map, a gap is formed in the geographic postcode pattern, which is why DN13 does not exist.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: , LN (Lincoln), NG (Nottingham), S (Sheffield), WF (Wakefield), YO (York), HU (Hull).

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Duddingston
Duddingston is a former village in the east of Edinburgh, Scotland, next to Holyrood Park.
The estate wherein Duddingston Village now lies was first recorded in lands granted to the Abbot of Kelso Abbey by David I of Scotland between 1136–47, and is described as stretching from the Crag (from Craggenmarg, an old name for Arthur's Seat, Edinburgh) to the Magdalene Bridge. This land grant included the settlement known by the name of Treverlen or Traverlin, in the western part of it; this being the oldest known name of the village and estates that eventually became known as Duddingston.
There are several possibilities exist for the etymology of "Treverlen".
All these names originate in the Celtic Brythonic languages, which pre-date the use of the Gaelic or Saxon tongues in Scotland, suggesting that they may go back to the time of some of the earliest settlements on Arthur's Seat. The last two names, in particular, fit well as a possible name for the Celtic crannog settlement which stood in the southernmost corner of Duddingston Loch.

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DY postcode area
Coordinates: 52°27′11″N 2°10′52″W / 52.453°N 2.181°W / 52.453; -2.181
The DY postcode area, also known as the Dudley postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around Bewdley, Brierley Hill, Dudley, Kidderminster, Kingswinford, Stourbridge, Stourport-on-Severn and Tipton in England.The mail is sorted at the North West Midlands Mail centre in Wolverhampton.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: B (Birmingham), WR (Worcester), SY (Shrewsbury), WV (Wolverhampton), WS (Walsall).

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E postcode area
Coordinates: 51°32′42″N 0°00′50″W / 51.545°N 0.014°W / 51.545; -0.014
The E (Eastern) postcode area, also known as the London E postcode area, is the part of the London post town covering part of east London, England and also Sewardstone in Essex.
The current E postcode area was originally formed in 1866 as a merger of the E and NE areas created in 1858. In 1917, the postal districts were numbered alphabetically by their location; the districts usually cover a wider area than their names might suggest. As of 2004, the district names do not form part of the postal address. Due to high demand, sector 9 of the E1 postcode district was split and recoded in 1999 to create an E1W postcode district around Wapping; the rest of the district did not gain an additional character. Where districts are used for purposes other than the sorting of mail, such as use as a geographic reference and on street signs, E1 and E1W continue to be classed as one "district". The E postcode area contains two non-geographic postcode districts for high-volume business users, E77 and E98.

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East Linton
East Linton is a town in East Lothian, Scotland, situated on the River Tyne and A199 road (former A1 road) five miles east of Haddington, with a population of 1,774 (Census 2001). (In 1881 it had a population of 1,928).
East Linton probably gets its name from the Linn (a waterfall) on the river next to the village, although Martine adds that it was called East Linton to distinguish it from West Linton in Peebleshire when the railways were built.
Today it has only one active church - Prestonkirk Parish Church (rebuilt 1770), also the name of the parish, but formerly had a free church (St Andrew's), a Roman Catholic church, and a Methodist hall. The clock on St Andrew's former Church was put in by the village to commemorate Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee; it was named Jessie after a local lass when some village lads climbed into the steeple and christened it. The name has remained ever since. There has long been a school in the town, and the mid-Victorian schoolmaster in East Linton was a George Pringle Smith (d.1850).

wn.com/East_Linton
EC postcode area
Coordinates: 51°31′12″N 0°05′53″W / 51.520°N 0.098°W / 51.520; -0.098
The EC (Eastern Central) postcode area, also known as the London EC postcode area, is a group of postcode districts in central London, England. It includes almost all of the City of London and parts of the London Boroughs of Islington, Camden, Hackney and Tower Hamlets. The area covered is of very high density development. Deliveries for the EC postcode area are made from the Mount Pleasant office.^{[citation needed]}
The current postcode districts are relatively recent divisions of the EC1, EC2, EC3 and EC4 districts established in 1917. Where the districts are used for purposes other than the sorting of mail, such as use as a geographic reference and on street signs, they continue to be commonly grouped into these four 'districts'.
The EC1 postcode district (51°31′23″N 0°05′31″W / 51.523°N 0.092°W / 51.523; -0.092 (EC1)) is roughly bounded by City Road to the north, Aldersgate Street to the east, Chiswell Street and Newgate Street to the south, and Rosebery Avenue to the west. A long thin protrusion to the north east takes in all of Old Street. Taking in the districts of Clerkenwell, Finsbury, the Barbican Estate and the northwestern corner of the City of London from St Paul's Cathedral.

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Edinburgh
Edinburgh (ⁱ/ˈɛdɪnbʌrə/ ED-in-burr-ə; Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Èideann) is the capital city of Scotland and the seat of the Scottish Parliament. It is the second largest city in Scotland and the seventh most populous in the United Kingdom. The City of Edinburgh Council governs one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas. The council area includes urban Edinburgh and a 30 square miles (78 km²) rural area. Located in the south-east of Scotland, Edinburgh lies on the east coast of the Central Belt, along the Firth of Forth, near the North Sea.
The city was one of the historical major centres of the Enlightenment, led by the University of Edinburgh, helping to earn it the nickname Athens of the North. The Old Town and New Town districts of Edinburgh were listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995 in recognition of the unique character of the Medieval Old Town and the planned Georgian New Town. It covers both the Old and New Towns together with the Dean Village and the Calton Hill areas. There are over 4,500 listed buildings within the city. In May 2010, it had a total of 40 conservation areas covering 23% of the building stock and 23% of the population, the highest such ratios of any major city in the UK. In the 2011 mid-year population estimates, Edinburgh had a total resident population of 495,360.

wn.com/Edinburgh
EH postcode area
Coordinates: 55°55′26″N 3°13′41″W / 55.924°N 3.228°W / 55.924; -3.228
The EH postcode area, also known as the Edinburgh postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around Armadale, Balerno, Bathgate, Bo'ness, Bonnyrigg, Broxburn, Currie, Dalkeith, Dunbar, East Linton, Edinburgh, Gorebridge, Gullane, Haddington, Heriot, Humbie, Innerleithen, Juniper Green, Kirkliston, Kirknewton, Lasswade, Linlithgow, Livingston, Loanhead, Longniddry, Musselburgh, Newbridge, North Berwick, Pathhead, Peebles, Penicuik, Prestonpans, Rosewell, Roslin, South Queensferry, Tranent, Walkerburn, West Calder and West Linton in Scotland.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: , TD (Galashiels), ML (Motherwell), FK (Falkirk), KY (Kirkcaldy).

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EN postcode area
Coordinates: 51°40′59″N 0°05′02″W / 51.683°N 0.084°W / 51.683; -0.084
The EN postcode area, also known as the Enfield postcode area, is a group of 11 postcode districts in England which are subdivisions of seven post towns. EN1 to EN5 and parts of EN8 cover part of North London, whereas EN6 to EN11 cover parts of the administrative counties of Hertfordshire and Essex, although there are small areas of crossover.
Mail posted in this area is sorted in Watford (Ascot Road WD18) and delivered from offices in Enfield (Southbury Road EN1), Barnet (Longmore Avenue EN5), Potters Bar (Darkes Lane EN6), Waltham Cross (Eleanor Cross Road EN8), and Hoddesdon (Conduit Lane EN11). The area served includes part of the London Borough of Enfield and the London Borough of Barnet. Part of the Hertfordshire boroughs and districts of Broxbourne, Hertsmere and Welwyn Hatfield and the Epping Forest district of Essex are also covered by this postcode area.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: , IG (Ilford), E (London E), N (London N), NW (London NW), WD (Watford), AL (St Albans), SG (Stevenage), CM (Chelmsford).

wn.com/EN_postcode_area
Fairmilehead
Fairmilehead is a district of South Edinburgh. It lies approximately 3 miles due south of the city centre and borders Midlothian. The area comprises the districts of Buckstone, Caiystane, Swanston, Frogston and Winton.
The centre of the area is the crossroads between Buckstone Terrace/Biggar Road and Frogston Road/Oxgangs Road. There is a bank and a shop at the crossroads, as well as Fairmilehead Parish Church, which is a parish church of the Church of Scotland. The church has 5 modern halls where dozens of activities and interests are pursued each week by the local and wider communities.Church Halls
A detailed history of the area can be found on the Fairmilehead Parish Church website, in the history section which includes details of the Caiy Stane which lies to the north of Oxgangs Road and is preserved by the National Trust for Scotland. There's also a history of the church itself Church History
Scottish Water also maintain a filter bed and offices at Fairmilehead. This is to be replaced shortly by a new centre being constructed at Flotterstone, a few miles south of the city border, along the A702 (Biggar Road).

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Falkirk
Coordinates: 55°59′56″N 3°47′06″W / 55.999°N 3.785°W / 55.999; -03.785
Falkirk (pronounced/ˈfɔːlkʌrk/; Scottish Gaelic: An Eaglais Bhreac (help·info)) is a town in the Central Lowlands of Scotland. It lies in the Forth Valley, almost midway between the two most populous cities of Scotland; 23.3 miles (37.5 km) north-west of Edinburgh and 20.5 miles (33.0 km) north-east of Glasgow.
Falkirk had a resident population of 32,422 at the 2001 census. The population of the town had risen to 34,570 according to a 2008 estimate, making it the 20th most populous settlement in Scotland. Falkirk is the main town and administrative centre of the Falkirk council area, which has an overall population of 145,191 and inholds the nearby towns of Grangemouth, Bo'ness, Denny, Larbert and Stenhousemuir.
The town lies at the junction of the Forth and Clyde Canal and the Union Canal, a location which proved pivotal to the growth of Falkirk as a centre of heavy industry during the Industrial Revolution. In the 18th and 19th centuries Falkirk was at the centre of the iron and steel industry, underpinned by the Carron Company situated in the nearby village of Carron. The company was responsible for the manufacturing of Carronades for the Royal Navy and also later many UK pillar boxes. In the last 50 years heavy industry has declined, and the economy of the town relies increasingly on retail and tourism. Despite this Falkirk remains the home of many international companies like Alexander Dennis, the largest bus production company in the United Kingdom.

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Fauldhouse
Coordinates: 55°49′38″N 3°42′33″W / 55.827229°N 3.709073°W / 55.827229; -3.709073
Fauldhouse (Scots: Fauldhoose, Scottish Gaelic: Falas) is a town in West Lothian, Scotland. It is about halfway between Glasgow and Edinburgh.
Fauldhouse is known since the Middle Ages, and was known until the 19th century by the names "Falas" or latterly "Fallas."^{[citation needed]} The seventeenth century Dutch mapmaker Willem Blaeu features Fauldhouse as "Falas" on two maps in his Atlas Novus of Scotland. There are families with the surname Fallas, who obviously had ancestors who came from Fauldhouse. The name Fallas or Fauldhouse has been translated as "house on the fold", "house in the field", or "house on unploughed (fallow) land".^{[citation needed]} However, the name may be older than the Middle Ages and might even be derived from the Brythonic or Welsh-type language once spoken in the Lothian region.^{[citation needed]}
A desolate location on the edge of a moor, the decline in its mining and other industries and a general reputation for being quite tough have made it a rather neglected place in recent times, though relatively cheap property prices and its proximity to the two major Scottish cities are now stimulating signs of regeneration.^{[citation needed]} The population is currently increasing with hundreds of homes being built.^{[citation needed]}

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Ferry Road
Ferry Road is one of the major roads of Edinburgh, Scotland, and is often referred to as an area in its own right. It runs from the eastern end of Davidson's Mains village in the west, to Leith in the east, passing through Goldenacre on the way. Leith public library is located shortly before where Ferry Road meets North and Great Junction Street.
Notable features of the area include, in the west, the former Northern General Hospital's site (now demolished for a supermarket, the Western General Hospital is also nearby), the playing fields of Fettes College, Stewarts Melville and other private schools to the south, a geriatric home of the Salvation Army, Goldenacre stadium etc. Drylaw Police Station is also situated on Ferry Road.
The easterly part of Ferry Road, as far west as the junction with Telford Road, is classified as the A902.
Coordinates: 55°58′19″N 3°12′08″W / 55.97207°N 3.20234°W / 55.97207; -3.20234

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Firth of Forth
The Firth of Forth (Scottish Gaelic: Linne Foirthe) is the estuary or firth of Scotland's River Forth, where it flows into the North Sea, between Fife to the north, and West Lothian, the City of Edinburgh and East Lothian to the south. It was known as Bodotria in Roman times.
Geologically, the Firth of Forth is a fjord, formed by the Forth Glacier in the last glacial period.
The river is tidal as far inland as Stirling, but generally it is considered that the inland extent of the firth ends at the Kincardine Bridge.^{[citation needed]}
There are a number of towns which line the shores, as well as the petrochemical complexes at Grangemouth, the commercial docks at Leith, former oilrig construction yards at Methil, the ship-breaking facility at Inverkeithing and the naval dockyard at Rosyth, with numerous other industrial areas including the Forth Bridgehead area^{[clarification needed]}, Burntisland, Kirkcaldy, Bo'ness and Leven.
The Kincardine Bridge and the famous Forth Road Bridge and Forth Bridge carry traffic across the Firth. A fourth crossing, located next to the Kincardine Bridge, opened in 2008. On 1 October 2008 it was announced that the new bridge would be called the "Clackmannanshire Bridge". Another new road bridge is currently under construction alongside the Forth Road Bridge and is expected to be open in 2016.

wn.com/Firth_of_Forth
Fountainbridge
Coordinates: 55°56′37″N 3°12′32″W / 55.94361°N 3.20889°W / 55.94361; -3.20889
Fountainbridge is an area of Edinburgh, Scotland, a short distance west of the city centre, adjoining Tollcross to the east, Bruntsfield to the south, Dalry to the west and Haymarket to the north.
From the early 19th century until the late 20th century it was home to a mixture of working-class tenement housing and industry. In the area is the present eastern end of the Union Canal (known as the Lochrin Basin), which originally continued a short distance to the north and east to Port Hamilton. The route of the former Caledonian Railway continues to dominate the area, having been converted into the West Approach Road dual-carriageway after the closure of the railway.
It is notable as the area where film star Sir Sean Connery was born, explaining his choice of name for his production company, Fountainbridge Films. He later shut down the company after a series of disputes with a business partner.
George Meikle Kemp, the designer of the Scott Monument, drowned in the Union Canal at Fountainbridge.

wn.com/Fountainbridge
Galashiels
Coordinates: 55°37′10″N 2°48′12″W / 55.61945°N 2.80339°W / 55.61945; -2.80339
Galashiels ( /ˌɡæləˈʃiːəlz/ GAL-ə-SHEE-əlz; Scots: Gallae,Scottish Gaelic: An Geal Àth) is a burgh in the Scottish Borders, on the Gala Water river. The name is often shortened to "Gala" ( /ˈɡælə/ GAL-ə).
Galashiels is a major commercial centre for the Scottish Borders. The town is known for textile making, and is the location of Heriot-Watt University's School of Textiles and Design, Galashiels Academy and one campus of the Borders College, which as of 2009 has moved and now joins with the University.
To the west of the town there is an ancient earthwork known as the Picts' Work Ditch or Catrail. It extends many miles south and its height and width varies. There is no agreement about the purpose of the earthwork. There is another ancient site on the north west edge of the town, at Torwoodlee, an Iron Age hill fort, with a later Broch built in the Western quarter of the hill fort, and overlapping some of the defensive ditches of the original fort. The Romans destroyed the broch in AD 140, soon after it was completed.

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Gilmerton, Edinburgh
Gilmerton (Scottish Gaelic: Baile GhilleMhoire) is a one-time coal mining village, now a southern suburb of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. It is south-west of Danderhall. Its name derives from a combination of Scottish Gaelic: Gille-Moire - a personal name and later surname meaning 'Servant of [the Virgin] Mary', from which we have the first element, Gilmer, - and Old English: ton, 'settlement, farmstead'. It is possible that the name could derive from Sir John Gilmour of Craigmillar (1605–14 August 1671) who bought Craigmillar Castle a few miles away in the 1660s.
Below ground level in the centre of Gilmerton are a series of shallow linked caves known collectively as Gilmerton Cove. Traditionally the caves were attributed to the work of a local blacksmith, George Paterson, who supposedly completed excavations in 1724 and lived in the caves for several years, although there may be reasons to doubt this explanation.
Gilmerton Boxing Club has produced professional boxers including Gary Young.

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Gorebridge
Coordinates: 55°50′37″N 3°03′00″W / 55.843576°N 3.05°W / 55.843576; -3.05
Gorebridge is a post town and former mining village in Midlothian, Scotland. The village gets its name from the bridge across the River Gore, a tributary of the South Esk. It was the home of Scotland's first gunpowder mill, at the Gore Water, that started operating in 1794.
Gorebridge has an annual gala day. This is much like a town fair, with rides and games. The gala day has a tradition of picking a Town King and Queen from the primary schools.
Gorebridge's local football team is juniors Arniston Rangers.
Annette Crosbie, known to many as the long suffering wife of Victor Meldrew, played by fellow Scot Richard Wilson in the BBC comedy series One Foot in the Grave, is a former resident of Gorebridge. The Reverend David Arnott, Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland for 2011-12, was minister at Gorebridge Parish Church in the 1970s.
Gorebridge will soon^[when?] see the return of the Waverley Line with a new station being built on the site of the original station. This will give rail access to the Borders and Edinburgh Waverley railway station.

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Gorgie
Gorgie is a densely populated area of west Edinburgh, Scotland, located near Murrayfield, Ardmillan and Dalry.
The name is thought to be Brythonic in origin. Early forms suggest it derives from gor gyn – upper wedge – which may refer to the tapering shape of the land between the Water of Leith and the Craiglockhart hills. An alternative derivation is 'big field' from Cumbric (Brythonic) gor cyn. Gorgie is recorded in 12th century charters of Holyrood Abbey.
Tynecastle Stadium, home of Scottish Premier League side Heart of Midlothian Football Club is in Gorgie, as is the North British Distillery, which creates a distinctive odour in parts of the area. The area was developed in the 19th century and was a mixture of residential and industrial, most of the homes being tenement flats. Many factories developed in the district, including McVitie and Price's biscuit factory; Cox's glue and gelatin works; the Caledonian Brewery and various chemical works, which used the water supply from the Water of Leith and the Union Canal, which terminated in a nearby basin. The area was also traversed by both the Caledonian Railway and the North British Railway – both companies had stations in the vicinity. Most of the large industrial works have now closed. The area contains Gorgie City Farm, and retains a number of smaller businesses, including two laundrettes. There is also a secondary school, Tynecastle High School.

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Grange, Edinburgh
The Grange (originally St Giles' Grange) is a suburb of Edinburgh, about one and a half miles south of the city centre, with Morningside and Greenhill to the west and Newington to the east. It is a conservation area characterised by large late Victorian stone-built villas, often with very large gardens. Many have now been sub-divided into flats, with further flats often being built in the grounds.
There are mentions of 'Sanct-Geill-Grange' in charters of King David and King Edgar, as church lands attached to St. Giles parish church in Edinburgh, the king retaining the superiority. On June 16, 1376, King Robert II granted the superiority of the barony and lands of St Giles to his eldest son, John, Earl of Carrick, Steward of Scotland. In 1391 the estate was conferred upon the Wardlaw family.
On October 29, 1506, St Giles Grange passed to John Cant, a Burgess of Edinburgh, and his spouse Agnes Carkettle, and in 1517 they granted the use of 18 acres (73,000 m²) of land to the nuns of St Catherine of Sienna. On March 19, 1691 a John Cant sold St Giles Grange in its entirety to William Dick. It is interesting to note that at that time the 18 acres (73,000 m²) previously feued to the nuns was now in the possession of Sir John Napier, the famous inventor of logarithms. When Isabel Dick, the heiress, married Sir Andrew Lauder, 5th Baronet of Fountainhall, in 1731, The Grange passed to him.

wn.com/Grange,_Edinburgh
Granton, Edinburgh
Coordinates: 55°58′34″N 3°13′44″W / 55.976°N 3.229°W / 55.976; -3.229
Granton is a district in the north of Edinburgh, Scotland. Granton forms part of Edinburgh's waterfront along the Firth of Forth and is, historically, an industrial area having a large harbour. Granton is part of Edinburgh's large scale waterfront regeneration programme.
Granton first appears on maps in the 17th century relating to the now demolished Granton Castle. The name also appears in Granton Burn, which now runs through Caroline Park down to what was Granton Beach. The name is presumed to come from Grant's Town or Grant's Dun (hill).
The development of Granton came about through the need for a harbour. This was a harbour for import and export of goods. The fishing needs of the area were met by the neighbouring village of Newhaven. The hamlet developed with the building of Granton Harbour which was begun in 1836 by the 5th Duke of Buccleuch. Lighthouse engineer Robert Stevenson oversaw construction, which was completed in 1863, although part of the harbour was open by 1838.

wn.com/Granton,_Edinburgh
GU postcode area
Coordinates: 51°13′19″N 0°43′05″W / 51.222°N 0.718°W / 51.222; -0.718
The GU postcode area, also known as the Guildford postcode area, is a large group of postcode districts around Aldershot, Alton, Bagshot, Bordon, Camberley, Cranleigh, Farnborough, Farnham, Fleet, Godalming, Guildford, Haslemere, Hindhead, Lightwater, Liphook, Liss, Midhurst, Petersfield, Petworth, Sandhurst, Virginia Water, Windlesham, Woking and Yateley in England.
Mail for the area is sorted at the Jubilee Mail Centre in Hounslow.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: RH (Redhill), BN (Brighton), PO (Portsmouth), SO (Southampton), RG (Reading), SL (Slough), TW (Twickenham), KT (Kingston upon Thames).

wn.com/GU_postcode_area
Gullane
Coordinates: 56°02′14″N 2°49′35″W / 56.03711°N 2.82650°W / 56.03711; -2.82650
Gullane is a town on the southern shore of the Firth of Forth in East Lothian on the east coast of Scotland. There has been a church in the village since the 9th century. The ruins of the Old Church of St. Andrew built in the 12th century can still be seen at the western entrance to the village; the church was abandoned after a series of sandstorms made it unusable, and Dirleton Parish Church took its place.
Gullane Bents, the village's award-winning beach, is backed by large sand dunes that in recent years have become rather overgrown by invasive shrubs like sea-buckthorn. Gullane is part of the John Muir Way, a long-distance footpath along the coast between Musselburgh and Dunglass.
The local population includes many elderly people. Urbanisation has led to some recent housing developments, and Gullane is gaining popularity as a commuter village for nearby Edinburgh (some twenty miles away). Amenities include the village hall and a selection of shops including a chip shop, bakery and sweet shop. There is a primary school, and secondary school children attend school five miles away in North Berwick.

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Gyle
South Gyle is an area of Edinburgh, Scotland, lying on the western edge of the city and to the south and west of an area of former marshland once known as the Gogarloch, on the edge of Corstorphine. To the north, some streets in the area have names including the words "North Gyle" but North Gyle does not correspond to a recognised separate area. Most of the buildings in the area are of recent origin, dating from the later 1980s, 1990s and early 21st century, with the exception of some farm workers' cottages and an early 1970s council estate abutting South Gyle railway station.
South Gyle can be neatly divided into two main zones – a residential one, incorporating Gogarloch and the neighbouring area centred on South Gyle Mains; and a commercial/business one which incorporates the Gyle shopping centre, Edinburgh Park business park, Gyle Park (an actual park, but with some shopping centres near it), and South Gyle Crescent. The Royal Bank of Scotland, The SAAS and sportscotland are all based in this district. The Lochside development also features a number of busts of Scottish poets.

wn.com/Gyle
HA postcode area
Coordinates: 51°35′13″N 0°20′20″W / 51.587°N 0.339°W / 51.587; -0.339
The HA postcode area, also known as the Harrow postcode area, is a group of ten postcode districts in England which are subdivisions of seven post towns. Most cover parts of north west London, although HA6 also covers a small part of Hertfordshire.
The main sorting office is in Greenford (Green Park Way) and the area served includes parts of the London Borough of Harrow, the London Borough of Hillingdon, the London Borough of Brent, the London Borough of Barnet and a small part of the Three Rivers District of Hertfordshire.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: NW (London NW), W (London W), UB (Southall), WD (Watford).

wn.com/HA_postcode_area
Haymarket, Edinburgh
Haymarket (Scots: Heymercat,Scottish Gaelic: Margadh an Fheòir) is an area of Edinburgh, Scotland. It is in the west of the city and is a focal point for many main roads, notably Dalry Road (which leads to Gorgie Road and the M8 motorway to Glasgow), Corstorphine Road (leading to the M9, Stirling, and the north) and Shandwick Place (leading to Princes Street, and the city centre).
Haymarket contains a number of popular pubs, cafés and restaurants.
The Haymarket railway station is here and is called at by the busy commuter services to Glasgow, amongst others. It is being considered for development to integrate train, bus and tram stops.
In the centre of the crossroads at the heart of Haymarket is a war memorial for former players of Heart of Midlothian F.C. who died in World Wars I & II; the memorial is in the form of a clock. At one time, clocks were a feature in the centre of a number of Edinburgh crossroads.
Plans to develop the former Morrison Street Goods Yard, a former railway site which has been partially derelict and partially a car park for many years were approved by The City of Edinburgh Council on 25 June 2008. Tiger Developments purchased the site from City of Edinburgh Council for approximately £50 million in December 2006. The plans for the site included a 17 storey 5-star hotel, a 3-star hotel, office buildings, retail space, bars, shops and a small supermarket. However, this approval was overturned by Scottish ministers in October 2009, on the recommendation of a planning inquiry reporter, citing concerns about the impact of the 17 storey hotel on Edinburgh's skyline. A revised planning application, incorporating a similar mixed use, but with only one hotel and a lower skyline, was approved by the Council in December 2010.

wn.com/Haymarket,_Edinburgh
Heriot, Scotland
Heriot is a small village in the Moorfoot Hills southeast of Edinburgh, Scotland, within Eildon (part of the Scottish Borders council area). The village comprises some 150 dwellings, spread over a geographical area of around 50 square miles (130 km²), most of which is moorland. Connected to the rest of the world primarily through the A7 road, Heriot had a railway and station from 1849 until the branch line closures instigated by Beeching caused the track to be uplifted in the 1960s. The Scottish Parliament voted, in 2006, to reinstate the railway, but without a station at Heriot.
The School (as of Sept 2006) has 56 pupils. There are numerous community groups operating in the village including drama groups, WRI^{[disambiguation needed ]}, a walking group, a community choir and a karate club.
Places near to Heriot include Borthwick, Carcant, Crichton, Fala, Midlothian, Stow of Wedale, and Innerleithen.
Coordinates: 55°45′N 2°58′W / 55.75°N 2.967°W / 55.75; -2.967

wn.com/Heriot,_Scotland
HP postcode area
Coordinates: 51°43′23″N 0°41′17″W / 51.723°N 0.688°W / 51.723; -0.688
The HP postcode area, also known as the Hemel Hempstead postcode area, is a group of twenty-four postcode districts in north west Hertfordshire and East Buckinghamshire.
The main sorting office is in Hemel Hempstead (Park Lane HP1) and the area served includes parts of the Dacorum, Aylesbury Vale, Chiltern, South Buckinghamshire and Wycombe districts.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: AL (St Albans), WD (Watford), SL (Slough), RG (Reading), OX (Oxford), MK (Milton Keynes), LU (Luton).

wn.com/HP_postcode_area
Humbie
Humbie is a hamlet and rural parish in East Lothian, Scotland. It lies in the south-west of the county, approximately 10 miles south-west of Haddington and 15 miles south-east of Edinburgh. Humbie as we know it today was formed as the result of the union between Keith Marischal and Keith Hundeby in 1618. There is not much of a village, more a scattered hamlet.
Originally, Humbie formed part of the Barony of Keith, and was anciently known as Keith Hundeby. The lands were held by Simon Fraser of Keith in the reign of David I. A charter signed by Fraser in 1191 is said to be the first mention of the Anglo-Norman Frasers and the Barony in extant records. Keith Marischal House stands a mile to the NNW of Humbie, and was the caput of the ancient barony. It is a long house with a vaulted ground floor, built in 1589 by the Keiths, who were then Grand Marischals of Scotland. The north front was baronialized in 1889 by Kinnear & Peddie. Interior decorations and fireplaces were done circa 1740, 1800, 1820, and 1869.

wn.com/Humbie
IG postcode area
Coordinates: 51°35′13″N 0°04′19″E / 51.587°N 0.072°E / 51.587; 0.072
The IG postcode area, also known as the Ilford postcode area, is a group of 11 postcode districts in England, which are subdivisions of six post towns. These postcode districts cover South West Essex.
The main sorting office is in Ilford and the area served includes parts of the London Borough of Redbridge and the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham. A small part of the London Borough of Waltham Forest is covered by the IG8 postcode district. A major part of the Epping Forest district of Essex is covered by the IG7, IG9 and IG10 postcode districts.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
In April 2005, a local businessman started a campaign to have IG1 postcodes changed to London E19, on the pretext that IG1 is not always recognised as a 'London postcode'. He argued that so doing would help local businesses. A Royal Mail spokesman, however, said campaigners in Ilford had "virtually no hope" of changing their postcode. This had previously been raised by the then Greater London Council politician Serge Lourie in the 1970s and similarly rejected. Ilford had been removed from the London postal district in 1866. This move has the opposite motives to a group in London SE2 who wish to have their postcode changed to adjacent DA7 citing higher insurance for their houses, belongings and cars as reason to change. Royal Mail said they have never changed the first part of a postcode for these reasons.

wn.com/IG_postcode_area
Juniper Green
Coordinates: 55°54′12″N 3°17′13″W / 55.903362°N 3.286891°W / 55.903362; -3.286891
Juniper Green is a village on the outskirts of Edinburgh, Scotland situated 9 kilometres south west of the city centre. It bridges the city bypass, and extends along the foothills of the Pentlands. It is bordered by Colinton to the east and Currie to the south-west. Administratively, Juniper Green falls within the jurisdiction of the City of Edinburgh Council. By general consent, the geography of Juniper Green includes Baberton Mains to the north.
Juniper Green's earliest mention is in the Kirk records of Colinton in 1707. Traditionally, its major industries were paper and snuff. The 300th anniversary of Juniper Green was celebrated throughout 2007 and the community supported many social and environmental improvement projects. The opportunity was also taken to record locals' reminiscences about Juniper Green and collect photographs, which have been archived on the Juniper Green Village Association website.

wn.com/Juniper_Green
KA postcode area
Coordinates: 55°33′50″N 4°36′14″W / 55.564°N 4.604°W / 55.564; -4.604
The KA postcode area, also known as the Kilmarnock postcode area, is a group of postcode districts in East Ayrshire, North Ayrshire and South Ayrshire in Scotland.
The area is divided into the post towns of Ardrossan, Ayr, Beith, Brodick, Cumnock, Dalry, Darvel, Galston, Girvan, Irvine, Kilbirnie, Kilmarnock, Kilwinning, Largs, Mauchline, Maybole, Millport, Newmilns, Prestwick, Saltcoats, Stevenston, Troon and West Kilbride.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: ML (Motherwell), DG (Dumfries), PA (Paisley), G (Glasgow).

wn.com/KA_postcode_area
Kirkcaldy
Coordinates: 56°06′39″N 3°10′03″W / 56.11073°N 3.16737°W / 56.11073; -3.16737
Kirkcaldy (ⁱ/kərˈkɔːdi/ kər-KAW-dee; Scots: Kirkcaldy, Scottish Gaelic: Cair Chaladain) is a town and former royal burgh in Fife, on the east coast of Scotland. It is approximately 18.6 miles (30 km) north of Edinburgh and 44.4 miles (71 km) south-southwest of Dundee. The town had an estimated population of 48,630 in 2008, making it the biggest settlement in Fife. Kirkcaldy has long been nicknamed the Lang Toun ( listen (help·info); Scots for "long town") in reference to the 0.9-mile (1.4 km) early town's main street, as indicated on maps of the 16th and 17th centuries. The street later reached a length of nearly 4 miles (6.4 km) connecting the burgh to neighbouring settlements of Linktown, Pathhead, Sinclairtown and Gallatown.
The town was first recorded in about 1075, when Malcolm III granted the shire of Kirkcaladunt to the church of Dunfermline (later Dunfermline Abbey). Under King Robert I, in 1327 the township status of Kirkcaldy changed to that of a burgh dependent on Dunfermline Abbey. The award of feu-ferme status in 1451 gave the burgh semi-independence from the abbey; full independence was achieved via a charter for royal burgh status, granted by Charles I in 1644.

wn.com/Kirkcaldy
Kirkliston
Coordinates: 55°57′N 3°24′W / 55.95°N 3.4°W / 55.95; -3.4
Kirkliston is a village and civil parish within the City of Edinburgh in Scotland. It sits on the historic route between Edinburgh and Queensferry, the gateway to Fife and the north. Today, it is bypassed by the A90. It lies close to the Forth Road Bridge and Forth Rail Bridge and to Edinburgh Airport.
Kirkliston was the location of the first recorded Parliament in Scottish history; the Estates of Scotland met there in 1235, during the reign of Alexander II of Scotland.
The oldest house in the village is Castle House which contains a marriage lintel dated 1683.
Until May 1975 Kirkliston was, for local government purposes, part of the old County of West Lothian. Under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 it then became part of Lothian Region and the City of Edinburgh District. Further local government reorganisation in 1996 saw the village become part of the City of Edinburgh Council area. The City of Edinburgh Council has a small office in the local library, as well as running the library, primary school and leisure centre.

wn.com/Kirkliston
KT postcode area
Coordinates: 51°21′29″N 0°20′38″W / 51.358°N 0.344°W / 51.358; -0.344
The KT postcode area, also known as the Kingston upon Thames postcode area, is a group of 24 postcode districts in England which are subdivisions of 18 post towns. Some of these postcode districts cover part of south west London and some cover places in north Surrey.
Most of the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames and small parts of the London Borough of Sutton, the London Borough of Merton and London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. Parts of the Surrey districts of Epsom and Ewell, Reigate and Banstead, Mole Valley, Elmbridge, Guildford, Runnymede and Woking are also covered by this postcode area.The Mail is sorted at the Jubilee Mail Centre near Hounslow.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: SM (Sutton), CR (Croydon), RH (Redhill), GU (Guildford), TW (Twickenham), SW (London SW).

wn.com/KT_postcode_area
Lasswade
Lasswade is a civil parish and village in Midlothian, Scotland, on the River North Esk, nine miles (14.5 kilometres) south of Edinburgh city centre, between Dalkeith and Loanhead. Melville Castle lies to the north east.
The name Lasswade probably dervives from the Old English for læs - meaning meadow and (ge)wæd - meaning ford.
The current Lasswade Parish Church building was originally built for the former United Presbyterian Church (later United Free Church), which became part of the Church of Scotland in 1929.
The old parish church was built in the 13th century, though little of it today survives. The 17th century Scottish poet, William Drummond of Hawthornden was buried within it. Sir John Lauder, 1st Baronet of Fountainhall was born at Melville Mill, Lasswade, in 1595, and the present 18th-century Barony House was known as Lasswade Cottage when Sir Walter Scott rented it (1798-1804). He was visited here by the writer James Hogg (the 'Ettrick Shepherd') and the Wordsworths. Thomas de Quincey, author of Confessions of an English Opium Eater, also lived in nearby Polton for some years from 1843, in the cottage now known as de Quincey Cottage. The Scottish landscape artist William McTaggart moved to Lasswade in 1889, and many of his later works depict the Moorfoot Hills.

wn.com/Lasswade
Leith
Coordinates: 55°58′48″N 3°10′12″W / 55.980089°N 3.170049°W / 55.980089; -3.170049
Leith ( /ˈliːθ/ LEETH; Scottish Gaelic: Lìte) is a district and former municipal burgh to the north of the city of Edinburgh at the mouth of the Water of Leith in Scotland. It has long been regarded as Edinburgh's port. It lies on the south shore of the Firth of Forth, in the unitary local authority of the City of Edinburgh.
First referred to in the charter authorising the construction of Holyrood Abbey, Leith officially became Edinburgh's port in 1329 when Robert I transferred control to the magistrates and citizens of Edinburgh. It remains a busy port, handling over 1.5 million tonnes of cargo a year.
Up until the late 16th century Leith (originally designated Inverleith, i.e. the mouth of the Water of Leith, on early maps), comprised two separate towns on either side of the river.
South Leith was the larger, coming under the jurisdiction of St. Cuthbert's parish in Edinburgh. It was based on trade and had many merchants' houses and warehouses. This was where ships offloaded their cargoes at the Shore where they were collected by Edinburgh merchants.

wn.com/Leith
Liberton, Scotland
Liberton is a suburb of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. It is in the south of the city, south-east of the King's Buildings campus of the University of Edinburgh.
The name, of Saxon origin and formerly written Libertun,has generally been believed to signify 'Leper Town', the area being supposed at one time to have contained a small colony of lepers exiled from the city. However modern authorities have suggested it may more probably have meant ‘barley farm on a hillside’, from the Old English words hlith, hillside and bere-tūn, barley farm.
Liberton Church dates from the 17th century but was heavily remodelled in 1815 (by the noted Scots architect James Gillespie Graham). The graveyard contains a very noteworthy "table stone" to the south-west of the church bearing one of the earliest known sculpted depictions of ploughing . A modern cemetery lies to the north-west of the older kirkyard.
Liberton Tower is a well-preserved and restored late medieval (15th century) tower house standing to the south of the Braid Hills. Liberton House nearby is a late 16th century A-listed fortified house, also restored. The house is open to the public free of charge by appointment only.

wn.com/Liberton,_Scotland
Linlithgow
Coordinates: 55°58′45″N 3°36′38″W / 55.97905°N 3.61054°W / 55.97905; -3.61054
Linlithgow ( /lɪnˈlɪθɡoʊ/; Scottish Gaelic: Gleann Iucha, Scots Lithgae) is a Royal Burgh in West Lothian, Scotland. An ancient town, it lies south of its two most prominent landmarks: Linlithgow Palace and Linlithgow Loch, and north of the Union Canal.
The town's coat of arms shows a black dog, chained to an oak tree, which grows on an island. Linlithgow's patron saint is Saint Michael and its motto is St. Michael is kinde to straingers.
Formerly the principal town of West Lothian, which was also known as Linithgowshire, the town lies some 20 miles (32 km) west of Edinburgh along the main railway route to Glasgow. Before the construction of the M8 & M9 motorways and the opening of the Forth Road Bridge, the town lay on the main road from Edinburgh to Stirling, Perth and Inverness while the canal system linked the burgh to Edinburgh and Glasgow. The nearby village of Blackness once served as the burgh's port.
The chief historic attraction of Linlithgow is the remains of Linlithgow Palace, the birthplace of James V and Mary, Queen of Scots, and probably Scotland's finest surviving late medieval secular building. The present Palace was started (on an older site) in 1424 by James I of Scotland. It was burnt in 1746, and, whilst unroofed, it is still largely complete in terms of its apartments (though very few of the original furnishings survived).

wn.com/Linlithgow
Livingston, Scotland
Coordinates: 55°53′00″N 3°30′57″W / 55.8834°N 3.5157°W / 55.8834; -3.5157
Livingston (Scots: Leivinstoun) is a town in West Lothian, Scotland. It is the fourth post-WWII new town to be built in Scotland, designated in 1962. It is about 15 miles (25 km) west of Edinburgh and 30 miles (50 km) east of Glasgow, and is bordered by the towns of Broxburn to the northeast and Bathgate to the northwest.
Livingston is the biggest town in West Lothian. It was built around a collection of small villages, Livingston Village, Bellsquarry and Livingston Station (now part of Deans). It has a number of residential precincts or areas. These include Craigshill, Howden, Dedridge, Ladywell, Knightsridge, Murieston, Adambrae, Deans, Deer Park and Eliburn. The core locality of Livingston is defined by the General Register Office for Scotland (GRO) as including Uphall Station and Pumpherston. The wider urban settlement area also includes Mid Calder and East Calder. Other neighbouring villages include Kirknewton, Polbeth and West Calder. The 2001 census showed the town had a locality population of 50,826 (24,451 male and 26,375 female) and an urban settlement population of 59,511. The town's current locality population is estimated to be 54,740 and the urban settlement population is 63,160 (2008 GRO mid-year estimates released in 2010).

wn.com/Livingston,_Scotland
LN postcode area
Coordinates: 53°15′22″N 0°20′56″W / 53.256°N 0.349°W / 53.256; -0.349
The LN postcode area, also known as the Lincoln postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around Alford, Horncastle, Lincoln, Louth, Mablethorpe, Market Rasen and Woodhall Spa in England.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Unlike most cities, LN1 is not confined to Lincoln city centre, and covers the west of the city outwards to the area border.
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: , PE (Peterborough), NG (Nottingham), DN (Doncaster).

wn.com/LN_postcode_area
Loanhead
Loanhead (pop. 6,900) is a small town in Midlothian, Scotland, to the south of Edinburgh, and close to Roslin, Bonnyrigg and Dalkeith. The town was built on coal and shale mining, and the paper industry.
It was a tiny village by about 1600, when it was included on a map of the Lothians. It was granted a charter allowing a weekly market and annual fair in 1669. Coal was mined profitably in the area for Sir John Clerk of Penicuik by 1685. The Springfield paper mill, in the valley of the River North Esk to the south of the town, commenced in 1742, while Polton mill followed in 1750. By 1754 Loanhead was a medium-sized settlement.
The limestone industry was a source of employment by the late eighteenth century, the works being at Burdiehouse, about a mile to the north west. The coal industry continued to expand and by 1874 the town was linked to the railway. Shale was mined between Loanhead and Burdiehouse in the late nineteenth century, from 1880 under the Clippens Oil Company of Paisley. By this time the population had expanded to 3,250. The town was granted burgh status in 1884. The North British Railway built a steel lattice girder box viaduct across Bilston Glen in 1892, replacing another which had been designed by Thomas Bouch.

wn.com/Loanhead
LU postcode area
Coordinates: 51°53′46″N 0°30′04″W / 51.896°N 0.501°W / 51.896; -0.501
The LU postcode area, also known as the Luton postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around Dunstable, Leighton Buzzard and Luton in England. The postcode area is mostly contained within Bedfordshire, but also extends into the fringes of Hertfordshire and Buckinghamshire.
The Luton post town forms a group of four postcode districts in the east, occupying approximately a third of the total area. The Dunstable post town forms a central strip of two postcode districts, extending from north to south. Leighton Buzzard forms the largest post town in the west, corresponding to a single postcode district. The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Previously, Perry Green was used as the locality in the LU2 postal addresses of some properties in Peters Green. Old Linslade was used in the LU7 addresses of Old Linslade, but these now include the words Heath and Reach.
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: SG (Stevenage), AL (St Albans), HP (Hemel Hempstead), MK (Milton Keynes).

wn.com/LU_postcode_area
M postcode area
Coordinates: 53°28′37″N 2°16′12″W / 53.477°N 2.270°W / 53.477; -2.270
The M postcode area, also known as the Manchester postcode area, is a group of several postcode districts in Greater Manchester, England.
The area is divided into three post towns: Manchester, Salford, and Sale. The Manchester post town forms most of the area, and the other two post towns are enclaves within it.
It includes parts of all Greater Manchester boroughs except for Stockport. The entirety of the metropolitan district of the City of Manchester itself is included within the area, except for Ringway, which is in WA15. The postcode area also includes nearly all of the City of Salford and most of the borough of Trafford.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Note: The original M10 postcode is obsolete, having been re-coded as M40 in 1993. Sometimes on Coronation Street they quote M10 as their postcode, for example on November 5th 2010 Kevin Webster quoted the postcode for the Garage as M10 9KC. In the 20.30pm episode which aired on the 25th May 2012 a driving licence belonging to Karl Munro was shown to have the M10 postcode once again.

wn.com/M_postcode_area
Marchmont
Marchmont is a mainly residential affluent area of Edinburgh, Scotland. It lies roughly a mile to the south of the Old Town, separated from it by The Meadows and Bruntsfield Links. To the west it is bounded by Bruntsfield; to the south-southwest by Greenhill and then Morningside; to the south-southeast by The Grange; and to the east by Sciennes.
The whole area was developed as a planned middle-class tenements suburb by Sir George Warrender, the owner of Bruntsfield House and the surrounding estate (also known as the "Warrender Park") in the mid 19th century. The original feuing plan laid out by architect David Bryce in 1869 called for mainly terraced villas, with a number of large, detached villas on Marchmont Road. However, this was superseded by a later plan that proposed all buildings were four or five-storey tenements. The name Marchmont was originally only used to refer to Marchmont Crescent, Road and Street, but is now used for the whole area. The Warrender name has been retained in the streets Warrender Park Road, Warrender Park Terrace and Warrender Baths, the local swimming pool.

wn.com/Marchmont
Mayfield, Midlothian
Mayfield is a community in Midlothian, Scotland, located just South of Dalkeith near Edinburgh between the A68 and the A7 south.
This housing development was built, in the 1950s, as overspill accommodation for the colliery workers of nearby Newtongrange and Easthouses and for other essential workers, as well as to house the workforce for a small but relatively successful industrial estate. The decline of the coal industry in the 1980s led to the closure of the collieries.
The massive growth in population in this part of Newbattle parish in the 1950s led to the existing mining village of Easthouses being virtually 'swallowed up' into the new housing development of Mayfield, which today has a population similar to that of a small town.
With the communities of Mayfield and Easthouses ever expanding, in 1955 the Church of Scotland had an additional church building erected within Newbattle parish. Mayfield and Easthouses church was built in a more utilitarian and functional style than the 18th century building at Newbattle, as it had to double as both a place of worship and a place where the various church and other organisations (e.g. Boys Brigade (Anchor Boys, Junior Section, and Company Section), Girls Brigade, Cubs, Scouts, and Brownies) could establish themselves.

wn.com/Mayfield,_Midlothian
ME postcode area
Coordinates: 51°19′59″N 0°35′17″E / 51.333°N 0.588°E / 51.333; 0.588
The ME postcode area, also known as the Rochester postcode area, is a group of twenty postcode districts around Medway in Kent, England. The area is divided into eleven post towns and extends into the districts of Tonbridge and Malling, Swale, Gravesham and Maidstone, as well as the Unitary authority of Medway.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: CT (Canterbury), TN (Tonbridge), DA (Dartford), SS (Southend on Sea).

wn.com/ME_postcode_area
Mid Calder
Coordinates: 55°53′30″N 3°28′52″W / 55.8918°N 3.4810°W / 55.8918; -3.4810
Mid Calder (Scots: Mid Cauder) is a town in West Lothian, Scotland. It is located on a steep hill overlooking the River Almond and Calder Wood, around 15 miles (24 km) west of Edinburgh. The town has been on a major crossroads since its origin sometime in the eleventh century.
James Sandilands received the lands of Calder from his brother in law, William IV, Lord of Douglas, in the 14th century. During the Wars of Scottish Independence, Sir James de Sandilands distinguished himself in the wars against the English. For his services he was rewarded with a royal charter of his lands by David II of Scotland. James was well connected and married Eleanor, the only daughter of Sir Archibald Douglas, Regent of Scotland. The gift included extensive estates in what is now West Lothian, and the Barony of Calder. After the Reformation in 1560, Sir James Sandilands, the head of the Sandilands family, was created Lord Torphichen. Since 1348 the family seat has been at Calder House, near to the middle of the village.

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MK postcode area
Coordinates: 52°03′50″N 0°39′43″W / 52.064°N 0.662°W / 52.064; -0.662
The MK postcode area, also known as the Milton Keynes postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around Bedford, Buckingham, Milton Keynes, Newport Pagnell and Olney in England.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: SG (Stevenage), LU (Luton), HP (Hemel Hempstead), OX (Oxford), NN (Northampton), PE (Peterborough).

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ML postcode area
Coordinates: 55°46′30″N 3°56′31″W / 55.775°N 3.942°W / 55.775; -3.942
The ML postcode area, also known as the Motherwell postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around Airdrie, Bellshill, Biggar, Carluke, Coatbridge, Hamilton, Lanark, Larkhall, Motherwell, Shotts, Strathaven, Newmains and Wishaw in Scotland.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: TD (Galashiels), DG (Dumfries), KA (Kilmarnock), G (Glasgow), FK (Falkirk), EH (Edinburgh).

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Moredun
Moredun is a district of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. It is east of Liberton, while Craigour is situated just to its north.
Originally called Gutters and later Goodtrees, the estate was renamed Moredun in 1769.
Google Maps [1] (OpenStreetMap.org)
Coordinates: 55°54′49″N 3°08′09″W / 55.91361°N 3.13583°W / 55.91361; -3.13583

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Mortonhall
Mortonhall is an area of Edinburgh, Scotland, on the south edge of the city. It is perhaps best known for its crematorium, designed by Sir Basil Spence, which is considered to be an outstanding example of Scottish modern architecture. It is based on the same design as his work at Coventry Cathedral. The crematorium has a lush woodland setting, and acts as a local park. The land to the NW acts as a Garden of Remembrance. The large expanse of open ground to the west acts as a Cemetery, but owing to a policy of all stones having to be laid flat, it has a rather sterile appearance.
The area is along the western end of the Frogston Road between Fairmilehead and Gilmerton; it is just to the south of Liberton and the Braid Hills. The area was the estate of Mortonhall House, a fine country mansion house of 1769, with an exceptional interior , thought to be designed by the Edinburgh architect, John Baxter. This has since been converted into offices and flats. The stable range(now a bar) dates from around 1780 and is also particularly fine, including an intact cobbled courtyard. The immediate grounds of the Hall contain a caravan site and a garden centre. To the north, the land has been developed as Mortonhall Golf Club; to the east, there is a 1970s housing estate. The land to the south, on the far side of Frogston Road, is mostly farmland.

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Murrayfield
Murrayfield is an affluent area in the west of Edinburgh, Scotland. It is to the east of Corstorphine and west of Roseburn. The A8 road runs east-west through the north of the area.
It is known mostly for containing Murrayfield Stadium, home to the Scottish national rugby union team and venue for many sporting events such as the 2000 Rugby League Challenge Cup Final which saw Bradford Bulls beat Leeds Rhinos 24 - 18 and the 2002 Challenge Cup final which saw Wigan Warriors beat St Helens 21 - 12. In the shadow of the Stadium is Murrayfield Ice Rink, which currently hosts the Edinburgh Capitals ice hockey team and previously played host to the famous Murrayfield Racers. In the 2006-07 season, Heart of Midlothian played their UEFA Champions League ties at Murrayfield.
In addition to the stadium, there is a Murrayfield Golf Course. Next to this is Easter Belmont Road (a private road), one of Edinburgh's "Millionaire's Rows" and is home to local businessman David Murray and Keith Miller. Aside from sports facilities, there is a lot of residential land use, and the area has a BUPA private hospital and small numbers of shops, businesses including a BMW dealership, and hotels. The Murrayfield area is full of medium and large sized houses.

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Musselburgh
Coordinates: 55°56′35″N 3°03′00″W / 55.943°N 3.050°W / 55.943; -3.050
Musselburgh (Gaelic: Baile nam Feusgan) is the largest settlement in East Lothian, Scotland, on the coast of the Firth of Forth, 6 miles (9.7 km) east of Edinburgh city centre. The population of Musselburgh is 21,900.
The name Musselburgh is Old English in origin with mussel referring to the shellfish, and burgh derived from the Old English for 'town'.
Musselburgh was first settled by the Romans in the years following their invasion of Scotland in AD80. They built a fort a little inland from the mouth of the River Esk and bridged the river here. In doing so they established the line of the main eastern approach to Scotland's capital for most of the next two thousand years.
The bridge built by the Romans outlasted them by many centuries. It was rebuilt on the original Roman foundations some time before 1300, and in 1597 it was rebuilt again, this time with a third arch added on the east side of the river. The Old Bridge is also known as the Roman Bridge and remains in use today by pedestrians. To its north is the New Bridge, designed by John Rennie the Elder and built in 1806. This in turn was considerably widened in 1925.

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New Town, Edinburgh
The New Town is a central area of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. It is often considered to be a masterpiece of city planning, and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It was built in stages between 1765 and around 1850, and retains much of the original neo-classical and Georgian period architecture.
Its most famous street is Princes Street, facing Edinburgh Castle and the Old Town across the geographical depression of the former Nor Loch. The Old and New Towns were together designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995.
Original plans to create a New Town in Edinburgh date back to a general concept considered by King James VII and II in the late 17th century.
The decision to construct a New Town was taken by the city fathers, after overcrowding inside the Old Town city walls reached breaking point and to prevent an exodus of wealthy citizens from the city to London. The Age of Enlightenment had arrived in Edinburgh, and the outdated city fabric did not suit the modern thinkers who lived there. Lord Provost George Drummond succeeded in extending the boundary of the Royal Burgh to encompass the fields to the north of the Nor Loch, the heavily polluted body of water which occupied the valley immediately north of the city. A scheme to drain the Loch was put in to action, although the process was not fully completed until 1817. Crossing points were built to access the new land; the North Bridge in 1772, and the Earthen Mound, which began as a tip for material excavated during construction of the New Town. The Mound, as it is known today, reached its present proportions in the 1830s.

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Newbridge, Edinburgh
Newbridge is a suburb of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. It is south of Kirkliston. Newbridge (including Ratho Station) had a total population of 1,013 at the 2001 Census.
Newbridge has an Industrial Estate, two car dealerships, a Royal Bank of Scotland branch, a pub with a large beer garden (The Newbridge Inn, built in 1683), a Bowling Club, a McDonalds restaurant, a Petrol Station, a Premier Inn (with Thyne restaurant), a cafe and a chip shop. There is a Scotmid nearby at Ratho Station. Larger supermarkets can be found in Broxburn. A Doctor's Surgery and a chemist are located in Ratho.
The Newbridge roundabout is one of the busiest junctions in Scotland. The M8 and M9 both meet here. An underpass allows traffic to flow from one motorway to the other without having to go round the Newbridge Roundabout. The A8 dual carriageway runs from the Newbridge Roundabout into Edinburgh City Centre. The A89 road runs from Newbridge Roundabout to Broxburn
Newbridge is served by several bus services. First operate three bus services,

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Newhaven, Edinburgh
Newhaven is a district in the City of Edinburgh, Scotland, between Leith and Granton. Formerly a village and harbour on the Firth of Forth, it currently has approximately 5,000 inhabitants.
Newhaven is a conservation area, about 2 miles (3.2 km) north of the city centre. Newhaven is one of 40 Conservation Areas in Edinburgh. The Newhaven Conservation Area was designated in 1977.
It has a very distinctive building form, typical of many Scottish fishing villages, with a 'forestair' leading to accommodation at first floor level. The lower ground floor was used for storing nets.
Victoria Primary School, established in the 1850s, is a historic building in Newhaven Main Street, and is the oldest local authority Primary School still in use within the City of Edinburgh. It has a school roll of around 145 children.
The new Western Harbour development extends north into the Firth of Forth from Newhaven. It is also the home of Next Generation Sports Centre (now named David Lloyd Newhaven Harbour), where the tennis player Andy Murray regularly played as a youngster.

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Newtongrange
Newtongrange ( listen (help·info)) is a former mining village in Midlothian, Scotland. Known in local dialect as Nitten, or Nitten by the Bing ( listen (help·info)), it became Scotland's largest mining village in the 1890s, with the sinking of the Lady Victoria Colliery and a shaft over 1600 feet deep. This closed in 1981 but today houses the Scottish Mining Museum, an Anchor Point of ERIH - The European Route of Industrial Heritage.
From its humble beginnings in 1843 with 100 souls, the church in Newtongrange grew to see its roll rise to over 1,000 in the 1950s. On 16 January 2003, the parishes of Newtongrange and Newbattle united to form a new Newbattle parish. The new parish is in fact that which existed before the Disruption of the Church of Scotland in 1843.
Newtongrange is known for its yearly Brass in the Park event, where brass bands play live over three days. The Newtongrange Silver Band became Scottish Brass Band Champions in 2004, and represented Scotland at the European Brass Band Championships in 2005.

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NG postcode area
Coordinates: 53°00′32″N 1°03′54″W / 53.009°N 1.065°W / 53.009; -1.065
The NG postcode area, also known as the Nottingham postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around Nottingham that covers Nottinghamshire (except for the Bassetlaw district and the far southwest of Rushcliffe borough), south east Derbyshire, south west Lincolnshire and part of north east Leicestershire.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: PE (Peterborough), LE (Leicester), DE (Derby), S (Sheffield), DN (Doncaster), LN (Lincoln).

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Niddrie, Edinburgh
This article is about Niddrie, a suburb of Edinburgh. See also: Longniddry, Niddry Castle.'
Niddrie is a suburb of south east Edinburgh, Scotland, UK. It is situated southwest of the seaside area of Portobello, and west of Musselburgh, East Lothian.
The Wauchope family owned the majority of the area up to the 1930s, The family home Niddrie Marischal House was immediately west of the present day Jack Kane Centre sports complex in Hunters Hall Park. The Wauchopes eventually donated their lands to the city.
Immediately adjacent to the Barony of Craigmillar, and part of Edinburgh City's political ward Craigmillar/Portobello, it was also the home of the Craigmillar Festival Society, a well regarded and internationally renowned community arts organisation, founded by local mother and "Woman Of Achievement" Helen Crummy.
The placename is believed to be of Brythonic origin, *nuada tref meaning "new settlement". In an 1987 Craigmillar Festival Society community drama production called "Dampbusters" (a show about poor housing in the community at that time), it was jokingly referred to as meaning "never dry", a dubious and bogus translation from the "Old Scots" vernacular.

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North Berwick
Coordinates: 56°03′30″N 2°43′01″W / 56.0582°N 2.7170°W / 56.0582; -2.7170
The Royal Burgh of North Berwick is a seaside town in East Lothian, Scotland. It is situated on the south shore of the Firth of Forth, approximately 25 miles east of Edinburgh. North Berwick became a fashionable holiday resort in the 19th century because of its two sandy bays, the East (or Milsey) Bay and the West Bay, and continues to attract holiday makers to this day. Golf courses at the ends of each bay are open to visitors.
The name North Berwick means North 'barley farmstead'. Bere in Old English means 'barley' and wic in Old English is 'farmstead'. The word North was applied to distinguish this Berwick from Berwick-upon-Tweed, which throughout the Middle Ages the Scots called South Berwick. It was recorded as Northberwyk in 1250. On the south of North Berwick Law there is evidence of at least eighteen hut circles, rich middens and a field system dating from 2000 years ago.

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NP postcode area
Coordinates: 51°41′06″N 3°01′08″W / 51.685°N 3.019°W / 51.685; -3.019
The NP postcode area, also known as the Newport postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around Newport, Wales. The NP7, NP16 and NP25 districts extend across the border into England.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: GL (Gloucester), BS (Bristol), CF (Cardiff), LD (Llandrindod Wells), HR (Hereford).

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NW postcode area
Coordinates: 51°33′22″N 0°11′53″W / 51.556°N 0.198°W / 51.556; -0.198
The NW (North Western) postcode area, also known as the London NW postcode area, is a group of postcode districts covering part of northwest London, England. It is the successor of the NW sector, originally created as part of the London postcode district in 1856.
The London postal arrangements were refined in 1917 when the sub-districts (as appended to postal addresses) were given new alpha-numeric identities for public use; the districts usually cover a wider area than their names might suggest. The district names are no longer included in the postal address because the first part of the postcode contains equivalent sorting information.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts, with the historic postal district names shown in italics:
Postcode district NW1 is central to London, with the NW2–11 postcode districts radiating outwards to the northwest. The boundaries of the area and its numbered districts have changed over time and are the result of the working requirements of Royal Mail. They are not tied to those of the local authority areas served; consequently a locality name might describe varying areas. The postcode area contains large parts of the London Borough of Barnet, London Borough of Brent and London Borough of Camden with small parts of the City of Westminster, the London Borough of Ealing, London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham, London Borough of Harrow and London Borough of Islington. The NW7 district extends to the Greater London boundary with Hertfordshire and follows that boundary for a short distance near Scratch Wood.

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Old Town, Edinburgh
The Old Town of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, is the oldest part of the city. Together with the 18th-century New Town, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It has preserved its medieval plan and many Reformation-era buildings.
One end is closed by Edinburgh Castle and the main artery, the Royal Mile, leads away from it, down to Holyrood Palace and the ruined Holyrood Abbey. Narrow closes (alleyways), often no more than a few feet wide, lead downhill on either side of the main spine in a herringbone pattern. Large squares mark the location of markets or surround major public buildings such as in front of the Tron Kirk, and surrounding St Giles Cathedral and the supreme courts.
Other notable places include the Scottish Parliament Building, the General Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland, the Royal Museum of Scotland, Surgeons' Hall, the University of Edinburgh, and numerous underground streets and vaults, relics of previous phases of construction.
The street layout, typical of the old quarters of many northern European cities, is made especially picturesque in Edinburgh, where the castle perches on top of a rocky crag, the remnants of an extinct volcano, and the main street runs down the crest of a ridge from it. This "crag and tail" landform was created during the last ice age when receding glaciers scored across the land pushing soft soil aside but being split by harder crags of volcanic rock. The hilltop crag was the earliest part of the city to develop, becoming fortified and eventually developing into the current Edinburgh Castle. The rest of the city grew slowly down the tail of land from the Castle Rock. This was an easily defended spot with marshland on the south and a loch, the Nor Loch, on the north. Access up the main road to the settlement was therefore restricted by means of various gates and the city walls, of which only fragmentary sections remain.

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Ordnance Survey
Ordnance Survey (Welsh: Arolwg Ordnans), an executive agency and non-ministerial government department of the Government of the United Kingdom, is the national mapping agency for Great Britain, producing maps of Great Britain (and to an extent, the Isle of Man), and one of the world's largest producers of maps with a particular both historical and architectural form in the maps resulting from the conflict at both local and world level of the scales of maps known from the 19th Century as the 'Battle of the Scales'.
The name reflects its creation together with the original military purpose of the organisation (see ordnance and surveying) in the first instance in mapping Scotland at the time of the creation of the British United Kingdom following many centuries of conflict and confirmed later during the Napoleonic Wars when there was a threat of invasion from France, and its logo includes the War Department's broad arrow heraldic mark. Ordnance Survey mapping is usually classified as 'large scale' (i.e. showing more detail) or 'small scale'. Large-scale mapping comprises maps at six inches to the mile or more (1:10,560, superseded by 1:10,000 in the 1950s); it was available in sheet-map form till the 1980s, since when it has become digital. Small-scale mapping comprises maps at fewer than six inches to the mile and includes the "leisure maps", such as the popular one inch to the mile and its metric successors, still available in traditional sheet-map form. Ordnance Survey of Great Britain maps are in copyright for 50 years after publication date. Some of the Copyright Libraries hold complete or near-complete collections of pre-digital O.S. mapping.

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Ormiston
Ormiston is a village in East Lothian, Scotland, UK, near Tranent, Humbie, Pencaitland and Cranston, located on the north bank of the River Tyne at an elevation of about 276 ft.
The village was the first planned village in Scotland, founded in 1735 by John Cockburn (1685–1758), one of the initiators of the Agricultural Revolution.
The word Ormiston is derived from a half mythical Anglian settler called Ormr, meaning 'serpent' or 'snake'. 'Ormres' family had possession of the land during the 12th and 13th centuries. Ormiston or 'Ormistoun' is not an uncommon surname, and Ormr also survives in some English placenames such as Ormskirk and Ormesby. The latter part of the name, formerly spelt 'toun', is likely to descend from its Northumbrian Old English and later Scots meaning as 'farmstead' or 'farm and outbuildings' rather than the meaning 'town'.
There was an "Ormiston" in Berwickshire, near Linton, where the legend of the Worm of Linton was related to land ownership by Lord Somerville and Lord Lindsay. The Cockburn family may have brought the name from the Berwickshire "Ormiston" to the East Lothian location in the 14th-century.

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Oxgangs
Coordinates: 55°54′29″N 3°13′16″W / 55.908°N 3.221°W / 55.908; -3.221
Oxgangs is a suburb in the south-west of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom. It is named for an oxgang, an ancient Scottish land measure.
Surrounding districts include Caiystane, Dreghorn, Redford, Fairmilehead, Colinton and Swanston and Colinton Mains. The post code area for Oxgangs is EH13.
The building of the area started in around 1953/54; before that (with the exception of Colinton Mains) there had only been a number of prefab houses and several farms but it had been mostly farmland and was basically considered to be part of the countryside. The area consists of large public housing schemes aimed at low to middle income groups, ranging from private bungalows to Edinburgh City Council-owned high rise tower blocks (although these have now been demolished).
A significant majority of former council-owned properties in Oxgangs have been bought by tenants under the right to buy scheme leaving approximately 659 properties in council ownership thus making it extremely difficult to be allocated a council home in the area.

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PE postcode area
Coordinates: 52°40′12″N 0°00′43″W / 52.670°N 0.012°W / 52.670; -0.012
The PE postcode area, also known as the Peterborough postcode area, is a group of postcode districts covering a large area in eastern England, including Peterborough and Huntingdon in Cambridgeshire, King's Lynn in Norfolk and Boston and Stamford in Lincolnshire. Parts of East Northamptonshire also have the postcode instead of the NN postcode. Her Majesty the Queen's private house at Sandringham in north-west Norfolk has a PE post code.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: NR (Norwich), IP (Ipswich), CB (Cambridge), SG (Stevenage), MK (Milton Keynes), NN (Northampton), LE (Leicester), NG (Nottingham), LN (Lincoln).

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Peebles
Coordinates: 55°39′N 3°11′W / 55.65°N 3.18°W / 55.65; -3.18
Peebles (Scottish Gaelic: Na Pùballan)^{[verification needed]} is a burgh in the committee area of Tweeddale, in the Scottish Borders, lying on the River Tweed. According to the 2001 Census, the population was 8,159.
Initially a market town, Peebles played a role in the woollen industry of the Scottish Borders up until the 1960s. Although one woollen mill remains operational in the town, the industrial composition of Peebles has changed; the town is now home to many people who commute to work in Edinburgh as well as being a popular tourist destination, especially in the summer. In the mid-to-late 19th century, this included health tourism, centring around hydropathic establishments, which over time morphed into hotel format, with Peebles Hydro Hotel being one of the few survivors of that era. Notable buildings in the town include the Old Parish Church of Peebles and Neidpath Castle. Other local attractions include a museum and the Kailzie Gardens. Peebles has the highest shoe shop to population ratio in the UK.^{[citation needed]} It has won multiple awards for an excellent range of shops on its High Street.

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Pencaitland
Coordinates: 55°54′36″N 2°53′28″W / 55.90997°N 2.89098°W / 55.90997; -2.89098
Pencaitland is a village in East Lothian, Scotland, about 12 miles (19 km) south-east of Edinburgh, 5 miles (8.0 km) south-west of Haddington, and 1 mile (1.6 km) east of Ormiston.
The land where the village lies is said to have been granted by William the Lion to Calum Cormack in 1169, who gave the church, with the tithes and other property belonging to it, to the monks of Kelso, in whose possession it remained till a short time prior to the accession of Robert Bruce. The land subsequently became the property of a younger branch of the Maxwell family, who granted the advowson and tithes to the monks of Dryburgh, who held them until the Reformation.
The River Tyne divides the village into Easter Pencaitland and Wester Pencaitland, crossed by a three-arched bridge dating from the 16th Century. An ancient cross in Wester Pencaitland indicates that there would probably have been a market there. A large industrial maltings, which was built in 1965, is situated just before the entrance to the village at Wester Pencaitland.

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Penicuik
Coordinates: 55°49′34″N 3°13′12″W / 55.826°N 3.220°W / 55.826; -3.220
Penicuik ( /ˈpɛnɪˌkʊk/) is a burgh and civil parish in Midlothian, Scotland, lying on the west bank of the River North Esk. The town was developed as a planned village in 1770 by Sir James Clerk of Penicuik. It became a burgh in 1867. The town was well known for its paper mills, the last of which closed in 2005. More recently the town was home to the Edinburgh Crystal works. Penicuik has two secondary schools, Penicuik High School and Beeslack Community High School.
The town's name is pronounced 'Pennycook' and is derived from Pen Y Cog, meaning "Hill of the Cuckoo" in the Old Brythonic language (also known as Ancient British and the forerunner of modern Welsh).
Near Penicuik is Glencorse Parish Kirk, which formed part of the inspiration for Robert Louis Stevenson's Kidnapped (1886). Some of the streets nearby are named after characters in the novel and its sequel, Catriona (1893). Penicuik is home to the Royal Highland Fusiliers, 2nd Battalion The Royal Regiment of Scotland, garrisoned in Glencorse Barracks.

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Polton
Polton is a village located in Lasswade parish, Midlothian, Scotland, anciently a superiority of the Ramsay family, cadets of Dalhousie. In 1618 David Ramsay of Polton was in possession. (See: Analecta Scotica, Edinburgh, 1834).
Polton was the residence of the writer Thomas de Quincey until his death in 1859.
Coordinates: 55°52′N 3°08′W / 55.867°N 3.133°W / 55.867; -3.133

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Port Seton
Cockenzie and Port Seton (Middle Scots: Cockenȝie, the "ȝ" being the letter yogh, Scots pronunciation [koˈkɪni]; Scottish Gaelic: Cùil Choinnich, meaning cove of Kenneth) is a unified town in East Lothian, Scotland, situated on the coast of the Firth of Forth, four miles north east of Musselburgh. The burgh of Cockenzie was created in 1591 by James VI of Scotland. Port Seton harbour was built by George Seton, 11th Lord Seton between 1655 and 1665.
The town has a population of 4,493 as of 2001. Since the last Census in 2001, there have been many new houses built. The population is currently around 5,460. Cockenzie and Port Seton has continued to grow over the years and is now a dormitory town for Scotland's capital city, Edinburgh.
To the west of the town, between Cockenzie and Prestonpans is the site of Cockenzie power station, a large coal-fired power station which has been a major employer since the 1960s, and has enabled the town to survive and prosper.
Cockenzie and Port Seton has grown from what were initially two small fishing villages. The older parts of the town, between the two harbours, retain a more traditional feel and look, similar to many other small fishing villages on the east coast of Scotland. Although the fishing industry has declined in recent years the harbour at Port Seton still retains a small fleet of vessels, mainly fishing for prawns. In the past Cockenzie was also involved in the salt making and coal mining industries.

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Prestonpans
Coordinates: 55°57′35″N 2°57′40″W / 55.9597°N 2.961°W / 55.9597; -2.961
Prestonpans is a small town to the east of Edinburgh, Scotland, in the unitary council area of East Lothian. It has a population of 7,153 (East Lothian Council Census, 2001). It is the site of the 1745 Battle of Prestonpans, and has a history dating back to the 11th century. The town boasts some impressive examples of historical architecture, such as the Preston Tower and the doocot and the local Mercat Cross, which is the only one of its kind in Scotland which remains in its original form and location.^{[citation needed]} The town is also credited for achieving the title of "Scotland's Mural Town" with many wall murals reflecting the town's colourful past.
According to certain stories Prestonpans was originally founded in the 11th century by a traveller named Althamer, who became shipwrecked on the local beach/coastal area. Finding it impossible to get home, the survivors of the wreck decided to remain where they were and founded a settlement named Althamer in honour of their leader. Whether this story is true or not is a matter of opinion, however when the monks of Newbattle and Holyrood arrived in the district in 1184 there was already a settlement named 'Aldhammer' on the site of what is now Prestonpans. The monks gave the settlement their own name, Prieststown or Prieston. Because of the salt manufacturing carried out by the monks using pans on the sea shore, the town's name would later develop into Salt Prieststown and Salt Preston, and finally Prestonpans.

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Princes Street
Princes Street is one of the major thoroughfares in central Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, and its main shopping street. It is the southernmost street of Edinburgh's New Town, stretching around 1 mile (1.6 km) from Lothian Road in the west to Leith Street in the east. The street is mostly closed to private cars, with public transport given priority. The street has virtually no buildings on the south side, allowing panoramic views of the Old Town, Edinburgh Castle, and the valley between.
Only the east end of the street is open to all traffic. The bulk of the street is limited to buses and taxis only. During 2009 and again in 2012, parts of the street have been closed to all traffic as part of the Edinburgh Trams construction works.
Princes Street was originally to have been called St Giles Street after the patron saint of Edinburgh. However, King George III rejected the name, St Giles also being the patron saint of lepers and having association with an edge-of-city slum area of London.The street is named after King George's two eldest sons, the Prince George, Duke of Rothesay (later King George IV) and the Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany.

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Ratho
Ratho (Scottish Gaelic: Ràthach) is a village and civil parish in the west of Edinburgh, the capital city of Scotland. It was formerly in the old county of Midlothian. Newbridge and Kirkliston are other villages in the area. The Union Canal passes through Ratho. Edinburgh Airport is situated only 4 miles (7 km) away.
Ratho is the site of stone age circles, carved into the rocks. There was also a witches stone, which held many legends. When the stone was moved by the land owner for farming, it was believed evil spirits were released into the village. It is believed that the name Ratho comes from Rathach, Scottish Gaelic, for a place where there is an old fort.
On pre-1800s maps where place-name spellings varied wildly, Ratho is sometimes referred to as Rathue or Rathua. In 1817 Ratho was separated into "Ratho" (the main village) "Ratho Byers" and "Ratho Bank".
There are a number of old buildings in the area. The most prominent of these was Haltoun House or castle (pronounced, and sometimes spelt, Hatton), which was badly damaged by fire in the mid-1950s and subsequently taken down. This magnificent country house evolved from its central core, a Norman keep, or what Scots call a Pele Tower. In 1371 the manor and lands of Haltoun were resigned to the Crown by John de Haltoun, and were regranted to Alan de Lawedre [Lauder] of that Ilk who then resided mostly at Whitslaid Tower just outside Lauder. Haltoun Tower was damaged during the House of Douglas troubles of 1452, when a note in the Treasurers' Accounts show funds being provided for its repair. The Haltoun estates remained in the Lauder family until the latter half of the 17th century when they passed by marriage to Charles Maitland, 3rd Earl of Lauderdale, who enlarged and beautified Hatton House.

wn.com/Ratho
Restalrig
Restalrig is a suburb of Edinburgh, Scotland. It is located east of the city centre, west of the A199 road, and to the east of Lochend, with which it overlaps. Restalrig Road is the main route through the area, running from London Road at Jock's Lodge, to Leith Links at the south edge of Leith.
The oldest building is the chapel of St. Triduana in Restalrig village. This is attached to the village church, which was once far grander, having served as a Royal Chapel until the Scottish Reformation of 1560. The church dates from the 15th century, and is a category A listed building. St. Triduana's Aisle is further protected as a Scheduled Ancient Monument.
According to Raphael Holinshed, Richard III of England camped at Restalrig in August 1482 after capturing Berwick upon Tweed.James IV of Scotland was a frequent visitor; giving offerings for masses before the altars of Our Lady and Saint Triduana and for keeping Our Lady's Light in September 1496, while his gunners assembled the royal artillery nearby for his mission to England with the pretender Perkin Warbeck. During the Siege of Leith in Spring 1560, the headquarters of the English army was located at Restalrig Deanery near the kirk.

wn.com/Restalrig
RG postcode area
Coordinates: 51°24′11″N 1°02′06″W / 51.403°N 1.035°W / 51.403; -1.035
The RG postcode area, also known as the Reading postcode area, is a group of postcode districts centered on Reading and Basingstoke in Southern England. As well as Reading and Basingstoke, it covers West Berkshire, including Newbury, Thatcham and Hungerford, Wokingham, Bracknell, much of North Hampshire, including Bramley, Hook and Tadley, a part of southern Oxfordshire, including Henley on Thames, and even a small portion of Buckinghamshire.
RG3 was recoded in January 1995 because of the rise in population in West Reading, and is now RG30 and RG31.
In 2009 the Reading Mail Centre began a phased closure with all incoming mail for RG postcodes now being processed at the Thames Valley Mail Centre in Swindon. The Reading office currently still acts as a delivery office for part of the town but is due to close in 2010 with staff being moved to a new delivery office on an industrial estate nearby.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:

wn.com/RG_postcode_area
RH postcode area
Coordinates: 51°06′32″N 0°12′36″W / 51.109°N 0.210°W / 51.109; -0.210
The RH postcode area, also known as the Redhill postcode area, is a group of twenty postcode districts in Surrey and Sussex, which are subdivisions of eight post towns.
The main sorting office is in Crawley (although called Gatwick Mail Centre), and the area served includes parts of the Surrey districts of Reigate and Banstead, Mole Valley and Tandridge as well as most of the West Sussex districts of Crawley, Horsham and Mid Sussex, and small areas of the East Sussex districts of Lewes and Wealden.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: TN (Tonbridge), BN (Brighton), PO (Portsmouth), GU (Guildford), KT (Kingston upon Thames), SM (Sutton), CR (Croydon).

wn.com/RH_postcode_area
RM postcode area
Coordinates: 51°32′56″N 0°13′05″E / 51.549°N 0.218°E / 51.549; 0.218
The RM postcode area, also known as the Romford postcode area, is a group of 20 postcode districts in England, which are subdivisions of nine post towns. The majority of these postcode districts cover part of north east and east London.
The main sorting office is in Romford and the area served includes parts of the London Borough of Havering, the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham and the London Borough of Redbridge. Part of the Thurrock unitary district is also covered by the postcode area and a small part of the Epping Forest and Brentwood districts of Essex are included in the RM4 postcode district.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: SS (Southend on Sea), DA (Dartford), SE (London SE), IG (Ilford), CM (Chelmsford). The southern boundary is the River Thames.

wn.com/RM_postcode_area
Rosewell, Midlothian
Coordinates: 55°51′11″N 3°08′08″W / 55.8530°N 3.1356°W / 55.8530; -3.1356
Rosewell is a former mining village in Midlothian, Scotland, south of Polton and north-east of Rosslynlee.
Latitude = 55.8530, Longitude = -3.1356 Lat = 55 degrees, 51.2 minutes North Long = 3 degrees, 8.1 minutes West
Rosewell has two primary schools, namely Rosewell Primary School and St Matthew's (Catholic) Primary School. The village is in the catchment area for Lasswade High School.
Rosewell is well served by buses, mainly by route 49 (and some route 31) services of Lothian Buses. There is also a small and local private hire company.
The village has two churches, namely Rosewell Parish Church (Church of Scotland) and St Matthew's Catholic Church.
Since 2008 Rosewell Parish Church has been formally united with Lasswade Church, forming Lasswade and Rosewell Parish Church (with a single minister and Kirk Session, although retaining both places of worship).
Whitehill Welfare football club play their home matches at Ferguson Park, Rosewell.

wn.com/Rosewell,_Midlothian
Roslin, Midlothian
Coordinates: 55°51′30″N 3°10′10″W / 55.85822°N 3.16942°W / 55.85822; -3.16942
Roslin (sometimes spelt Rosslyn or Roslyn) is a village in Midlothian, Scotland, 7 miles (11km) to the south of the Scottish Capital city Edinburgh. It is situated approximately 12 miles (20 km) from Edinburgh Airport.
The name Roslin (c. 1240 Roskelyn) probably derives from the P-Celtic words ros, a moor, and celyn, holly. An alternative derivation from Gaelic words describing the Glen's features: Ros meaning a rocky promontory and Linne meaning a waterfall or pool is also often given. The theory that it is a corruption of Roseline, a supposed early medieval meridian passing through Paris and Rosslyn Chapel is fanciful.
Legend has it the village was founded in 203 A.D. by Asterius, a Pict.
In 1303 Roslin was the site of a battle of the First War of Scottish Independence.
In 1446, Rosslyn Chapel was constructed, under the guide of William Sinclair, 1st Earl of Caithness.
Roslin became important as the seat of the St. Clair family. In 1456 King James II granted it the status of a burgh. Coal mining has been a major occupation from the twelfth to the late twentieth centuries.

wn.com/Roslin,_Midlothian
Roslin, Scotland
Coordinates: 55°51′30″N 3°10′10″W / 55.85822°N 3.16942°W / 55.85822; -3.16942
Roslin (sometimes spelt Rosslyn or Roslyn) is a village in Midlothian, Scotland, 7 miles (11km) to the south of the Scottish Capital city Edinburgh. It is situated approximately 12 miles (20 km) from Edinburgh Airport.
The name Roslin (c. 1240 Roskelyn) probably derives from the P-Celtic words ros, a moor, and celyn, holly. An alternative derivation from Gaelic words describing the Glen's features: Ros meaning a rocky promontory and Linne meaning a waterfall or pool is also often given. The theory that it is a corruption of Roseline, a supposed early medieval meridian passing through Paris and Rosslyn Chapel is fanciful.
Legend has it the village was founded in 203 A.D. by Asterius, a Pict.
In 1303 Roslin was the site of a battle of the First War of Scottish Independence.
In 1446, Rosslyn Chapel was constructed, under the guide of William Sinclair, 1st Earl of Caithness.
Roslin became important as the seat of the St. Clair family. In 1456 King James II granted it the status of a burgh. Coal mining has been a major occupation from the twelfth to the late twentieth centuries.

wn.com/Roslin,_Scotland
S postcode area
Coordinates: 53°23′49″N 1°24′25″W / 53.397°N 1.407°W / 53.397; -1.407
The S postcode area, also known as the Sheffield postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around Barnsley, Chesterfield, Dronfield, Hope Valley, Mexborough, Rotherham, Sheffield and Worksop in England.
There was originally an S sector of the London postal district, which was abolished in 1868.
Similarly, there were also S-prefixed postal districts in the compass-based system used in Glasgow prior to the introduction of the G postcode for that city: the former S1, S2, S3 and S4 areas on the South Side of Glasgow now have postcodes G41 through G44.
The S20 district was formerly numbered S19; S21, S25 and S26 were formerly numbered S31, while S32 to S36 were formerly numbered S30.
The S64 district was originally earmarked as the DN13 postcode district. On a map, a gap is formed in the geographic postcode pattern, which is why DN13 does not exist.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: DN (Doncaster), NG (Nottingham), DE (Derby), SK (Stockport), OL (Oldham), HD (Huddersfield), WF (Wakefield).

wn.com/S_postcode_area
Scotland
Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Alba ([ˈalˠ̪apə] listen (help·info))) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In addition to the mainland, Scotland constitutes over 790 islands including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.
Edinburgh, the country's capital and second largest city, is one of Europe's largest financial centres. Edinburgh was the hub of the Scottish Enlightenment of the 18th century, which transformed Scotland into one of the commercial, intellectual and industrial powerhouses of Europe. Glasgow, Scotland's largest city, was once one of the world's leading industrial cities and now lies at the centre of the Greater Glasgow conurbation. Scottish waters consist of a large sector of the North Atlantic and the North Sea, containing the largest oil reserves in the European Union. This has given Aberdeen, the third largest city in Scotland, the title of Europe's oil capital.

wn.com/Scotland
Scottish Parliament
The Scottish Parliament (Scottish Gaelic: Pàrlamaid na h-Alba; Scots: The Scots Pairliament) is the devolved national, unicameral legislature of Scotland, located in the Holyrood area of the capital, Edinburgh. The Parliament, informally referred to as "Holyrood", is a democratically elected body comprising 129 members known as Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs). Members are elected for four-year terms under the mixed member proportional representation system. As a result, 73 MSPs represent individual geographical constituencies elected by the plurality ("first past the post") system, with a further 56 returned from eight additional member regions, each electing seven MSPs. The most recent general election to the Parliament was held on 5 May 2011.
The original Parliament of Scotland (or "Estates of Scotland") was the national legislature of the independent Kingdom of Scotland, and existed from the early 13th century until the Kingdom of Scotland merged with the Kingdom of England under the Acts of Union 1707 to form the Kingdom of Great Britain. As a consequence, the Parliament of Scotland merged with the Parliament of England to form the Parliament of Great Britain, which sat at Westminster in London.

wn.com/Scottish_Parliament
SG postcode area
Coordinates: 51°57′00″N 0°09′29″W / 51.950°N 0.158°W / 51.950; -0.158
The SG postcode area, also known as the Stevenage postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around Arlesey, Baldock, Biggleswade, Buntingford, Henlow, Hertford, Hitchin, Knebworth, Letchworth, Much Hadham, Pirton, Royston, Sandy, Shefford, Stevenage and Ware in England.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: , CM (Chelmsford), EN (Enfield), AL (St Albans), LU (Luton), MK (Milton Keynes), PE (Peterborough), CB (Cambridge).

wn.com/SG_postcode_area
Sighthill, Edinburgh
Sighthill is a suburb in the west of Edinburgh, Scotland.
For nearly 50 years, the West Edinburgh skyline was dominated by 4 high rise residential tower blocks (Broomview House, Glenalmond Court, Weir Court and Hermiston Court) the first of which was demolished on 21st September 2008 (Broomview House) with the other three blocks following the same fate just over 3 years later. Also in the area are the towers of Stevenson College and Edinburgh Napier University's Sighthill Campus (formerly the Edinburgh Business College). There is also a medical centre, a library and a fire station, as well as some small shops.
The Calder Road, one of the city's main arteries, runs by Sighthill, and the Edinburgh-Glasgow & Stirling railway line is nearby.

All of the remaining tower blocks and low-rise council-built properties are due to be demolished within the next couple of years to make way for new social housing. The 10-story block Broomview House was demolished on Sunday 21 September 2008 by Safedem Ltd. The flats came down at 11:15am in a controlled explosion where a longstanding former resident pushed the ceremonial button to implode the building. The remaining three blocks were demolished on Sunday 25th September 2011, also at 11:15am.

wn.com/Sighthill,_Edinburgh
Slateford
Slateford (Scottish Gaelic: Àth na Sglèata) is a suburb of Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. It is east of the Water of Leith.
The former village of Slateford lies on the Lanark Road where it crosses the Water of Leith 1/4 of a mile south west of Slateford Station. The name "Slateford" comes from local rock found in the area and the old fording point on the Water of Leith that the village grew round. In 1882 it had a post office with money order savings bank and telegraph departments, a Police Station, a Good Templars Hall, School, U.P. Church and the extensive bleachfields of Inglis Green. The village was crossed by the Union Canal Slateford Aqueduct in 1822 and a few years later the 14 arch viaduct carrying the Caledonian railway line. The situe of the Canal, Road and Rail bridges capture all three modes of transport together still to this day. In 1952 and later in 1967 major road widening projects removed all but a few of the original cottages, though Slateford House, School (Now the headquarters and visitor centre for the Water of Leith conservation trust), and Church (used as a warehouse) still stand today.

wn.com/Slateford
SM postcode area
Coordinates: 51°21′47″N 0°11′10″W / 51.363°N 0.186°W / 51.363; -0.186
The SM postcode area, also known as the Sutton postcode area, is a group of seven postcode districts in England which are subdivisions of five post towns. Most of these postcode districts cover part of south west London, though SM7 and SM2 cover places in south west London as well as places in Surrey.
The main sorting office is in Sutton, however outgoing Mail is sorted at Croydon Mail Centre, and the area served includes parts of the London Borough of Sutton and the London Borough of Merton. Part of the Surrey borough of Reigate and Banstead is also covered by the SM7 postcode district and the neighbouring Surrey borough of Epsom and Ewell has some of the properties in its Nonsuch ward with SM2 postcodes too.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: CR (Croydon), RH (Redhill), KT (Kingston upon Thames), SW (London SW).

wn.com/SM_postcode_area
South Queensferry
Coordinates: 55°59′21″N 3°23′46″W / 55.9891°N 3.3962°W / 55.9891; -3.3962
South Queensferry (Scottish Gaelic: Taobh a Deas Chas Chaolais), also called Queensferry, is a former Royal Burgh in West Lothian now part of the City of Edinburgh, Scotland. It is located some ten miles to the north west of the city centre, on the shore of the Firth of Forth between the Forth Bridge and the Forth Road Bridge, approximately 8 miles (13 km) from Edinburgh Airport. Queensferry is referred to as South Queensferry in order to distinguish it from North Queensferry. It has a population of around 12,000.
There were ferries at South Queensferry until 1964 when the Forth Road Bridge was opened. Ferry services continue to run from the harbour to the islands within the Firth of Forth, including Inchcolm.
The Scottish Gaelic name "Taobh a Deas Chas Chaolais" means "[the] Southern Side of [the] Steep Strait". The name "Cas Chaolas" (Steep Strait) is older than the English name; it can be applied to either North or South Queensferry, or both. The queen referred to is Saint Margaret of Scotland who is believed to have established a ferry at this point for pilgrims on their way north to St Andrews. She died in 1093 and made her final journey by ferry to Dunfermline Abbey. Her son, David I of Scotland, awarded the ferry rights to the abbey.

wn.com/South_Queensferry
SS postcode area
Coordinates: 51°33′47″N 0°35′53″E / 51.563°N 0.598°E / 51.563; 0.598
The SS postcode area, also known as the Southend-on-Sea postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around Basildon, Benfleet, Canvey Island, Hockley, Leigh-on-Sea, Rayleigh, Rochford, Southend-on-Sea, Stanford-le-Hope, Westcliff-on-Sea and Wickford in England.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: , ME (Rochester), DA (Dartford), RM (Romford), CM (Chelmsford).

wn.com/SS_postcode_area
St. James Centre
The St. James Centre is a shopping centre and unoccupied Scottish Government office building in Edinburgh, Scotland. It was initially designed by Burke Martin Partnership in 1964, but was completed by architects Ian G Cooke and Hugh Martin of Hugh Martin & Partners after Martin's partnership with Ian Burke ceased in 1969.
Due to the brutalist architecture of the government offices atop the shopping centre it is one of Edinburgh's most unloved buildings although the shopping centre remains a popular and busy shopping location.
A £850m redevelopment of the St. James Centre has been proposed by its owners, Henderson Global Investors. This would involve the construction of new shops, a public square, two hotels and new apartments. The existing 1973 building would be completely demolished to make way for a three-storey, glass-roofed crescent-shaped building. It is anticipated the redevelopment of the retail elements would be completed by late 2016, and the entire scheme to be finished by early 2018.

wn.com/St._James_Centre
Stoneyburn
Coordinates: 55°49′36″N 3°42′40″W / 55.82672°N 3.71120°W / 55.82672; -3.71120
Stoneyburn is a village in West Lothian, Scotland. Nearby towns include Bathgate, Whitburn, Addiewell and Blackburn.
Stoneyburn is situated in the middle of central Scotland, some 4 miles from Bathgate in the north and 5 from Livingston in the east. At approximately 25 miles from the centre of Scotland's two major cities, Glasgow and Edinburgh, the village is situated 2 miles away from junction 4 of the M8, Scotland's main motorway. Despite this, it is situated in a semi-rural area, surrounded by dairy farms and fields. Around three thousand people inhabit the village, which is around 1.5 miles in length, clustered around the B7015 to Fauldhouse and Livingston. Traditionally, the village is divided between Stoneyburn proper and Bents, the latter in the days of railway travel being the location of the railway station. Stoneyburn has recently received 17 speed bumps along the main road which has created much controversy as many commuters claim that they have needed to change their suspension and other parts due to the long term damage.

wn.com/Stoneyburn
Tollcross, Edinburgh
Tollcross (Scottish Gaelic: Toll na Croise) is a major road junction to the south west of the city centre of Edinburgh, Scotland which gives its name to the surrounding area.
The name is readily assumed to derive from a crossroads where payments were collected from travellers entering the city, but the junction did not exist until modern times. In the 18th century a toll, appearing on maps as the Two-Penny Custom, existed at present-day Main Point, at the top of the slope emerging from the Grassmarket, where three centuries-old routes into the town from the West converged. The custom, introduced in 1680, was a tax on every pint of ale brewed outside the town walls. Main Point may therefore be the original Tollcross, the name being transferred later to the junction created when Lothian Road was laid in the 1780s. A milestone opposite Merchiston Castle in Colinton Road marked “1 mile from Tollcross” has clearly been measured from Main Point rather than the modern junction. The other toll in the area, dating from the 1755 Turnpike Act, was at the village of Wrightshouses, on the Wester Hiegait to Biggar (now Bruntsfield Place), roughly where the Barclay Church now stands. Its existence is recalled in the name of the nearby Auld Toll public house.

wn.com/Tollcross,_Edinburgh
TW postcode area
Coordinates: 51°26′49″N 0°23′35″W / 51.447°N 0.393°W / 51.447; -0.393
The TW postcode area, also known as the Twickenham postcode area, is a group of 20 postcode districts in England which are subdivisions of 13 post towns. Most of these postcode districts cover part of south west London, although others cover some places in Surrey and Berkshire.
The mail is sorted at 109 London Road, Twickenham and the area served includes parts of the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, the London Borough of Hounslow, the London Borough of Hillingdon and the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames as well as parts of the Surrey boroughs of Spelthorne and Runnymede. Part of the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead in Berkshire is also covered by the TW19 postcode district.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: SW (London SW), KT (Kingston upon Thames), SL (Slough), UB (Southall), W (London W).

wn.com/TW_postcode_area
UB postcode area
Coordinates: 51°31′44″N 0°24′58″W / 51.529°N 0.416°W / 51.529; -0.416
The UB postcode area, also known as the Uxbridge postcode area, is a group of ten postcode districts covering part of north west and west London, which are subdivisions of six post towns. The main sorting office is in Greenford (Green Park Way) and the area served includes parts of the London Borough of Ealing and the London Borough of Hillingdon. Part of the South Bucks district of Buckinghamshire is also covered by the UB9 postcode district.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: W (London W), TW (Twickenham), SL (Slough), WD (Watford), HA (Harrow).

wn.com/UB_postcode_area
W postcode area
Coordinates: 51°30′40″N 0°11′46″W / 51.511°N 0.196°W / 51.511; -0.196
The W (Western and Paddington) postcode area, also known as the London W postcode area is a group of postcode districts covering part of central and part of west London, England, United Kingdom. The area originates from the Western (W1) and Paddington (W2-14) districts of the London postal district.
The Western district consists of the single original W1 postal district. The area it covers is of very high density development and it has been subdivided into a number of smaller postcode districts. Where districts are used for purposes other than the sorting of mail, such as use as a geographic reference and on street signs, the W1 subdivisions continue to be classed as one 'district'. In June 2000 there was a recoding of the area with the W1M, W1N, W1P, W1R, W1V, W1X and W1Y districts replaced.
Deliveries for W1 (and for WC1 and WC2) come from the Rathbone Place office. This office was a stop on the former London Post Office Railway, which has been mothballed since 2003. The Western District Office was initially located on Wimpole Street, which was also a stop on the London Post Office Railway.

wn.com/W_postcode_area
WA postcode area
Coordinates: 53°23′28″N 2°35′38″W / 53.391°N 2.594°W / 53.391; -2.594
The WA postcode area, also known as the Warrington postcode area, is a group of postcode districts in North West England that are sub-divisions of nine post towns. It covers parts of Cheshire, Merseyside and Greater Manchester.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
The Frodsham post town was introduced in June 1999; the post town for WA6 had previously been Warrington.
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: SK (Stockport), CW (Crewe), CH (Chester), L (Liverpool), WN (Wigan), M (Manchester).

wn.com/WA_postcode_area
Walkerburn
Walkerburn (Scottish Gaelic: Allt an Fhùcadair) is a small village in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, on the A72 about 8 miles (13 km) from Peebles and 10 miles (16 km) from Galashiels.
Founded in 1854 around the mill to house the workers, Walkerburn now has a population of around 660.
The village is home to the Scottish Museum of Textiles.
History
Local government
Environment
Community
Coordinates: 55°38′N 3°01′W / 55.633°N 3.017°W / 55.633; -3.017

wn.com/Walkerburn
Wallyford
Coordinates: 55°56′17″N 3°00′42″W / 55.9381°N 3.0117°W / 55.9381; -3.0117
Wallyford is a village in East Lothian, Scotland. It is close to the larger town of Musselburgh and approximately 7 miles east of Edinburgh.
Wallyford has a station on the Edinburgh – North Berwick railway line, operated by First ScotRail. It has a primary school, Community Centre and several small convenience stores. The town was initially populated by coal miners and later grew as an overspill–commuter town for workers from Musselburgh and Edinburgh. There has been a major investment in the area which has resulted in the building of over 1000 private David Wilson/Belway houses. There is currently planning permission for a new village centre, which will include a new primary and nursery school, community centre, supermarket and green space area.
Victorian writer Margaret Oliphant was born in Wallyford on 4 April 1828. Among her best known works were, Katie Stewart, The Carlingford Chronicles and Tales of the Seen and Unseen. She died in Wimbledon on 25 June 1897 and was buried in Eton Cemetery near Windsor.

wn.com/Wallyford
WC postcode area
Coordinates: 51°31′05″N 0°07′19″W / 51.518°N 0.122°W / 51.518; -0.122
The WC (Western Central) postcode area, also known as the London WC postcode area, is a group of postcode districts in central London, England. It includes parts of the London Borough of Camden, City of Westminster, London Borough of Islington and a very small part of the City of London. The area covered is of very-high density development. The current postcode districts are relatively recent: divisions WC1 and WC2 districts established only in 1917. Where the districts are used for purposes other than the sorting of mail, such as use as a geographic reference and on street signs, they continue to be commonly grouped into these two 'districts'.
Both the WC1 and WC2 postcode districts are part of the London post town. There are no dependent localities used in the postcode districts. The numbered districts were created in 1917. Before then it they had been included in the WC postal district. There has been no significant recoding of the postcode area from 1990 to 2007. There are Post Office branches in the WC1 postcode district at Grays Inn, High Holborn, Marchmont Street and Russell Square; and in the WC2 postcode district at Aldwych and Trafalgar Square. The Western Central District Office was located on New Oxford Street, which was a stop on the London Post Office Railway. Deliveries for WC1 and WC2 now come from the Western District Office at Rathbone Place.

wn.com/WC_postcode_area
WD postcode area
Coordinates: 51°39′40″N 0°23′24″W / 51.661°N 0.390°W / 51.661; -0.390
The WD postcode area, also known as the Watford postcode area, is a group of 13 postcode districts around the town of Watford in Hertfordshire, England. The main sorting office is in Watford (Ascot Road WD18) and it is divided into seven post towns.
In October 2010 the Watford Observer published a story stating the Watford Mail Centre and Kings Langley Delivery Office would be closing with operations moving to a new centre in Hemel Hempstead with the loss of 300 jobs. The mail is now processed at the Home Counties North Mail Centre.
The WD3 district also covers the north western extremity of London - a small and mostly unpopulated protrusion of Harefield in the London Borough of Hillingdon. It also extends into the Chiltern district of Buckinghamshire to include the village of Chenies.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
In September 2000 districts WD17-18 and WD23-25 were created from the recoding of the WD1 and WD2 districts. BUSHEY is a new post town; having previously been part of the WD2 district of WATFORD. This was due to postcode exhaustion of WD1 and WD2 Another reason for the postcode revision was the old WD2 area included Bushey with North Watford. Bushey was to all intents a section of Watford sorting office up until 2000, all mail for WD2 was cut and tipped at Watford office. To change this new codes were created to enable direct bags to be opened at Bushey delivery office. Local union reps claim (archaic) that the reason Bushey Delivery Office was included with Watford was so Watford postal workers would attract outer London weighting as Bushey was in the London Metropoilitan Police area at the time.

wn.com/WD_postcode_area
West Calder
Coordinates: 55°51′07″N 3°34′07″W / 55.85199°N 3.56854°W / 55.85199; -3.56854
West Calder is a town in West Lothian, Scotland, located 4 miles west of Livingston. The town was an important centre for the oil shale economy in the 19th and 20th Centuries. West Calder has its own railway station. The surrounding villages that take the towns name in their address; Polbeth, Addiewell, Loganlee, Harburn and Westwood outline the area that this town encompasses and they all have played an important part in the history of the town as well as the town has played in West Lothian. It is also has the most northerly centre of the Dogs Trust, closely followed by the new centre at Glasgow. The town is a 10 minute drive from Livingston, which is host to two large shopping centres.
A memorial in the centre of the town remembers the fifteen men killed on the 10th January 1947 as a result of an explosion at the Burngrange oil shale mine southwest of the town.
Most housing in the village dates from the mid-20th century, though it has a public library built as early as 1903. Funded by Carnegie money this building represents a fine example of the Art Nouveau style and has a decorative interior. The parish church (1643) was abandoned in 1880 and is now roofless.

wn.com/West_Calder
West End, Edinburgh
The West End (Scottish Gaelic: An Ceann Siar) of Edinburgh, Scotland, forms a large part of the city centre. If Old Town is the historic centre, and New Town is the economic centre, then the West End can be thought of as the city's cultural centre, as it boasts many of the city's arts venues. Such venues include Usher Hall, The Filmhouse, the Royal Lyceum and the Traverse Theatre. The Village hosts art festivals and crafts fairs.
The northern half of West End lies in Edinburgh's World Heritage Site, of which it makes up a fair proportion. As can be inferred by its inclusion in this, this area of the city contains many buildings of great architectural beauty, primarily long rows and crescents of Georgian terraced houses.
Map of the city, showing New and Old Towns, as well as the West End.
Coordinates: 55°56′53″N 3°12′52″W / 55.94814°N 3.21453°W / 55.94814; -3.21453

wn.com/West_End,_Edinburgh
West Linton
Coordinates: 55°45′09″N 3°21′19″W / 55.7526°N 3.3554°W / 55.7526; -3.3554
West Linton (Scottish Gaelic: Liontan Ruairidh) is a village and civil parish in southern Scotland, on the A702. It was formerly in the county of Peeblesshire, but since local government re-organisation in the mid-1990s it is now part of the Tweeddale committee area of the Scottish Borders. Many residents are commuters due to the village's close location to Edinburgh which is 16 miles (26 km) to the north east. West Linton has a long history, and holds an annual traditional festival called the Whipman.
The village of Linton is of ancient origin. Its name derives from a Celtic (Brythonic) element (cognate with modern Welsh "Llyn") meaning a lake or pool, and the Saxon "tun", a farm or collection of dwellings, and is evidently appropriate, as the village appears to have been surrounded by lakes, pools and marshes. At one time it was known as Lyntoun Roderyck, identified perhaps with Roderyck or Riderch, King of Strathclyde, whose territory included this area, or with a local chieftain of that name. The Scottish Gaelic version of the place name is a partial translation, Ruairidh being a Gaelic form of Roderick. The prefix "West" was acquired many centuries later to clarify the distinction from East Linton in East Lothian.

wn.com/West_Linton
Wester Hailes
Wester Hailes is an area in the south west of Edinburgh, Scotland.
Depending on the definition, Wester Hailes sometimes takes in Sighthill, the Calders and other surrounding areas, and may be said to contain the areas of Murrayburn, Clovenstone, Westburn and Dumbryden.^{[citation needed]}
Wester Hailes borders on Kingsknowe and Longstone to the east. Bankhead Industrial Estate and Sighthill Park lie to the north.
The main points of arrival and departure for Wester Hailes are the string of bus stops located on the northern edge of Westside Plaza (formerly Wester Hailes Shopping Centre), and the railway station only a short distance to the south. Bus services departing here are the 3, 18, 20,21, 30, 32 & 33 provided by Lothian Buses, with destinations including the city centre, Gyle Shopping centre, Western & General Hospital, the Herminston Gait shopping complex and the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh in Little France. Service 44 passes nearby to the south on its way to Currie & Balerno; services 25, 34 and 35 pass nearby to the north, with destinations including Edinburgh Airport, Hermiston Park & Ride and Heriot-Watt University's Riccarton Campus. There is also pedestrian and cycle access east towards the city centre via the Union Canal.

wn.com/Wester_Hailes
Whitecraig
Whitecraig is a village in East Lothian in Scotland. It is between Musselburgh and Dalkeith, to the east of the city of Edinburgh.
Coordinates: 55°55′23″N 3°02′01″W / 55.923°N 3.0337°W / 55.923; -3.0337

wn.com/Whitecraig
Winchburgh
Winchburgh is a village situated within the geographical county of West Lothian, Scotland. It is located approximately 10 miles (16 km) west of the city-centre of Edinburgh, 6 miles (9.7 km) east of Linlithgow and 3 miles (4.8 km) northeast of Broxburn.
The 2001 census recorded around 2,000.
There are regular scheduled buses to surrounding places including Edinburgh, Linlithgow, Falkirk, South Queensferry and Broxburn. The main number 38 bus route travels from Edinburgh to Linlithgow/Falkirk/Stirling, via Winchburgh, and is the same in the opposite direction. There is also a night bus service, the 44N which does a similar route as the 38 allowing people to get the bus home from Edinburgh City Centre at 12.30am and 3.00am on a Saturday and Sunday morning to Winchburgh.
The mainline railway between Edinburgh and Glasgow Queen Street goes through the Winchburgh Tunnel, under the village. There was a passenger station at the north end of the tunnel; this closed in 1930.
The Village features an impressive golf course, which is located in and around the grounds of the picturesque and historic Niddry Castle. There is also a Bowling Club which features a bar for social occasions, such as weddings. In late July 2007, local parents helped to reform the local football team, Winchburgh Albion Boys Club, which now has a team that has played in the West Lothian Association of Youth Football Clubs league at the Under 14 age group. The captain is Sean Finnigan. Club is promoted to A league in second place in the 08/09 season. Burgoyne finishes as top scorer with 21 goals.

wn.com/Winchburgh
WN postcode area
Coordinates: 53°32′02″N 2°38′13″W / 53.534°N 2.637°W / 53.534; -2.637
The WN postcode area, also known as the Wigan postcode area, is a group of postcode districts in North West England that are sub-divisions of three post towns. It covers parts of the Greater Manchester, Merseyside and Lancashire administrative areas.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: M (Manchester), WA (Warrington), L (Liverpool), PR (Preston), BL (Bolton).

wn.com/WN_postcode_area
YO postcode area
Coordinates: 54°04′19″N 0°50′38″W / 54.072°N 0.844°W / 54.072; -0.844
The YO postcode area, also known as the York postcode area, is a group of postcode districts around Bridlington, Driffield, Filey, Malton, Pickering, Scarborough, Selby, Thirsk, Whitby and York in England.
The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:
Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: , HU (Hull), DN (Doncaster), WF (Wakefield), LS (Leeds), HG (Harrogate), DL (Darlington), TS (Cleveland).

wn.com/YO_postcode_area

Ehipassiko ( Come And See )

Welcome To CyberSleep Listen This Buddha Song is Tittle Ehipassiko Hope You Like This ^^...

published: 28 Nov 2011

author: elvin tan

Ibang-Ibaan street dance (Ala eh festival!) 2011

..ala eh festival 2011.... GO IBAAN...!!!!...

published: 11 Dec 2011

author: joy angelou Castillo

Past Azey: Eh for Azey Ep 1

Player: Im_Azey/Past_Azey Song used : The Cave Boys - Change The World Editor: TCedits...

published: 08 Nov 2011

author: PastUnion

It's not WWE, But eh it happened in Burbank, CA 2008 :-D

Check out my site www.aidcrisis.org * You can listen to: 1. The Batcave on Blogtalk Radio ...

published: 01 Jan 2012

author: celestino001

yehemak fe eh

sweet moments ends fastly......

published: 30 Jul 2011

author: malikl2a7zan

AlphaZoner 1 - BOBBY LA BEAT x RIOT ERP - ¡Eh!.avi

Uploaded because this song is awsome... bass and other sounds All Copyrights Are Going to ...

published: 24 Feb 2012

author: DarkAlphaSmack

Dream5-Koi no Dial 6700 eh lyrics

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published: 21 Feb 2012

author: cdgngj11

OneCentSky Commentaries: Billythehedgehog1

lol, sorry for saying the song at the end was by Lauren Bennet. I messed up....

published: 04 Feb 2012

author: OneCentSky

Top 10: Mejores Peliculas Que eh Visto

1 aniversario de spideremilio como critico...

published: 12 Nov 2011

author: spideremilioreboot

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published: 05 Nov 2011

author: WhoLestTheDogsOut5

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published: 11 Nov 2011

author: RaPi Arshavin

tamer hosny gara eh ya3en _ تامر حسنى جرى ايه ياعين

www.facebook.com رابطه محبى تامر حسنى...

published: 17 Jan 2012

author: MrMoodytiger

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published: 20 Feb 2012

author: luismar2000

EH and W&E; Community Choir's - Silent Night

Elvetham Heath Community Choir and Woodley & Earley Community Choir performing 'Silent Nig...

published: 23 Dec 2011

author: npcommunitychoirs

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Coordinates: 55°55′26″N 3°13′41″W / 55.924°N 3.228°W / 55.924; -3.228

Edinburgh postcode area

EH
Postcode area	EH
Postcode area name	Edinburgh
Post towns	38
Postcode districts	57
Postcode sectors	167
Postcodes (live)	23,822
Postcodes (total)	30,663
Statistics as at February 2012^[1]

The EH postcode area, also known as the Edinburgh postcode area,^[2] is a group of postcode districts around Armadale, Balerno, Bathgate, Bo'ness, Bonnyrigg, Broxburn, Currie, Dalkeith, Dunbar, East Linton, Edinburgh, Gorebridge, Gullane, Haddington, Heriot, Humbie, Innerleithen, Juniper Green, Kirkliston, Kirknewton, Lasswade, Linlithgow, Livingston, Loanhead, Longniddry, Musselburgh, Newbridge, North Berwick, Pathhead, Peebles, Penicuik, Prestonpans, Rosewell, Roslin, South Queensferry, Tranent, Walkerburn, West Calder and West Linton in Scotland.

1 Coverage
- 1.1 Edinburgh EH1 to EH17
- 1.2 Outside Edinburgh – EH18 onwards
2 Adjacent areas
3 See also
4 References

Coverage [link]

The approximate coverage of the postcode districts:

Edinburgh EH1 to EH17 [link]

Postcode district	Post town	Coverage
EH1	EDINBURGH	Mostly consists of Edinburgh's Old Town. Also hosts the old GPO building (at EH1 1AA) and the areas immediately to the north of this are also included, that is St. James Centre and the areas down Leith Street and Broughton Street.
EH2	EDINBURGH	The New Town and central commercial area of Edinburgh which includes Princes Street.
EH3	EDINBURGH	An odd shaped area surrounding EH1 and EH2 to the north, west and south. It can be divided into three distinct areas: The New Town area, north of Queen Street and northwards to Stockbridge. The West End, including some of Edinburgh's financial district The Tollcross and Fountainbridge areas.
EH4	EDINBURGH	Radiates from the older and more central areas out to the suburban areas added to them, as the city grew outwards during the 20th century. EH4, then, branches out from Dean Village and Comely Bank along a corridor centred on the A90 as far as Barnton and Cramond. Central to this area is the Sainsbury's in Craigleith Retail Park adjacent to the A90.
EH5	EDINBURGH	Based on a village formerly separate from the city; in this case, Granton on the Firth of Forth. EH5 extends inwards from the coast to Ferry Road.
EH6	EDINBURGH	Covers Leith, as well as Newhaven bordering it on the west.
EH7	EDINBURGH	The inner city area between central Edinburgh and Leith, and radiates out to Restalrig and Craigentinny.
EH8	EDINBURGH	The inner city Southside, Newington and Canongate areas, in the west of the postcode area. It spreads eastwards around Holyrood Park to take in areas like Northfield and Mountcastle; being in east Edinburgh these areas have no obvious connection with the Southside. However the postcode effectively takes in the area surrounding Holyrood Park.
EH9	EDINBURGH	The inner city, Marchmont and Grange, Blackford and around Minto Street, including Causewayside.
EH10	EDINBURGH	A corridor along the A702 from Bruntsfield, through Morningside as far as Fairmilehead.
EH11	EDINBURGH	A corridor (rather thin in shape) along the A71 from Haymarket Station, through Gorgie and Stenhouse to Sighthill.
EH12	EDINBURGH	A corridor along the A8 from Haymarket through Murrayfield and Corstorphine as far as the Gyle.
EH13	EDINBURGH	Based on the previously separate village of Colinton, and including Oxgangs.
EH14	BALERNO, CURRIE, EDINBURGH, JUNIPER GREEN	A corridor in south-west Edinburgh starting at Slateford, through Longstone, Wester Hailes, Juniper Green, Currie and on to Balerno.
EH15	EDINBURGH	Based on Portobello and Duddingston, formerly separate settlements to Edinburgh.
EH16	EDINBURGH	Based on the formerly separate village of Liberton. It extends north and north-east to Cameron Toll, Craigmillar and Niddrie.
EH17	EDINBURGH	Based on the formerly separate village of Gilmerton, taking in Moredun and extending westwards as far as Mortonhall.
EH95	EDINBURGH	Special postcode used by Scottish Gas.
EH99	EDINBURGH	Special postcode used by the Scottish Parliament.

Outside Edinburgh – EH18 onwards [link]

Postcode district	Post town	Coverage	Local authority area
EH18	LASSWADE	Lasswade, extending up the valley of the River North Esk to Polton	Midlothian Council
EH19	BONNYRIGG	Bonnyrigg	Midlothian Council
EH20	LOANHEAD	Loanhead	Midlothian Council
EH21	MUSSELBURGH	Musselburgh, Wallyford, Whitecraig	East Lothian Council
EH22	DALKEITH	Dalkeith, Danderhall, Mayfield, Newtongrange	Midlothian Council
EH23	GOREBRIDGE	Gorebridge	Midlothian Council
EH24	ROSEWELL	Rosewell	Midlothian Council
EH25	ROSLIN	Roslin, Bilston	Midlothian Council
EH26	PENICUIK	Penicuik	Midlothian Council
EH27	KIRKNEWTON	Kirknewton	West Lothian Council
EH28	NEWBRIDGE	Newbridge, Ratho	City of Edinburgh Council
EH29	KIRKLISTON	Kirkliston	City of Edinburgh Council
EH30	SOUTH QUEENSFERRY	South Queensferry	City of Edinburgh Council
EH31	GULLANE	Gullane	East Lothian Council
EH32	LONGNIDDRY, PRESTONPANS	Prestonpans, Cockenzie, Port Seton	East Lothian Council
EH33	TRANENT	Tranent	East Lothian Council
EH34	TRANENT	Pencaitland	East Lothian Council
EH35	TRANENT	Ormiston	East Lothian Council
EH36	HUMBIE	Humbie	East Lothian Council
EH37	PATHHEAD	Pathhead	Midlothian Council
EH38	HERIOT	North Middleton, Heriot	Midlothian Council, Scottish Borders Council
EH39	NORTH BERWICK	North Berwick	East Lothian Council
EH40	EAST LINTON	East Linton	East Lothian Council
EH41	HADDINGTON	Haddington	East Lothian Council
EH42	DUNBAR	Dunbar, Broxburn, East Lothian	East Lothian Council
EH43	WALKERBURN	Walkerburn	Scottish Borders Council
EH44	INNERLEITHEN	Innerleithen	Scottish Borders Council
EH45	PEEBLES	Peebles	Scottish Borders Council
EH46	WEST LINTON	West Linton	Scottish Borders Council
EH47	BATHGATE	Whitburn, Bathgate, Fauldhouse, Stoneyburn	West Lothian Council
EH48	BATHGATE	Armadale, Bathgate	West Lothian Council
EH49	LINLITHGOW	Linlithgow	West Lothian Council
EH51	BO'NESS	Bo'ness	Falkirk Council
EH52	BROXBURN	Broxburn, West Lothian, including Winchburgh	West Lothian Council
EH53	LIVINGSTON	Livingston, incorporating Mid Calder, Pumpherston	West Lothian Council
EH54	LIVINGSTON	Livingston	West Lothian Council
EH55	WEST CALDER	West Calder	West Lothian Council

Adjacent areas [link]

Adjacent postcode areas
FK	KY

	EH
ML
		TD

Clockwise from the east, the adjacent postcode areas are: , TD (Galashiels), ML (Motherwell), FK (Falkirk), KY (Kirkcaldy).

References [link]

^ "ONS Postcode Directory Version Notes" (ZIP). National Statistics Postcode Products. Office for National Statistics. February 2012. Table 2. http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/geography/products/postcode-directories/-nspp-/onspd-user-guide-and-version-notes.zip. Retrieved 21 April 2012. Coordinates from mean of unit postcode points, "Code-Point Open". OS OpenData. Ordnance Survey. February 2012. http://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/oswebsite/products/code-point-open/. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
^ Royal Mail, Address Management Guide, (2004)

v t e Postcode areas in the United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man

AB AL B BA BB BD BH BL BN BR BS BT BX CA CB CF CH CM CO CR CT CV CW DA DD DE DG DH DL DN DT DY E EC EH EN EX FK FY G GIR GL GU GY HA HD HG HP HR HS HU HX IG IM IP IV JE KA KT KW KY L LA LD LE LL LN LS LU M ME MK ML N NE NG NN NP NR NW OL OX PA PE PH PL PO PR RG RH RM S SA SE SG SK SL SM SN SO SP SR SS ST SW SY TA TD TF TN TQ TR TS TW UB W WA WC WD WF WN WR WS WV YO ZE

Related lists: Postal counties · Post towns · Postcode districts · London postal district

http://wn.com/EH_postcode_area

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EH_postcode_area

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

For the purposes of directing mail, the United Kingdom is divided by Royal Mail into postcode areas. The postcode area is the largest geographical unit used and forms the initial characters of the alphanumeric UK postcode.^[1] There are currently 121 postal areas in use in the UK and a further 3 often combined with these covering the Crown Dependencies of Guernsey, Jersey and Isle of Man.

1 Subdivision
2 Scope
3 United Kingdom postcode areas
4 Crown dependencies
5 Defunct postcode areas
6 Non-geographic postcodes
7 References
8 External links

Subdivision [link]

Each postcode area is further divided into post towns and postcode districts.^[1] There are on average 20 postcode districts to a postcode area.^[1] The London post town is instead divided into several postcode areas.^[2]

Scope [link]

The single or pair of letters chosen for postcode areas are generally intended as a mnemonic for the places served.^[1] Postcode areas, post towns and postcode districts do not follow political boundaries and usually serve much larger areas than the placenames with which they are associated. For example, within the PA postcode area the PA1 and PA78 postcode districts are 140 miles apart; and the eight postcode areas of the London post town cover only 40% of Greater London.^[2] The remainder of its area is covered by sections of twelve adjoining postcode areas: EN, IG, RM, DA, BR, TN, CR, SM, KT, TW, HA and UB.^[2]

United Kingdom postcode areas [link]

Map of postcode areas in the United Kingdom and Crown Dependencies

Postcode area	Postcode area name	Code formation
AB	Aberdeen
AL	St Albans
B	Birmingham
BA	Bath
BB	Blackburn
BD	Bradford
BH	Bournemouth
BL	Bolton
BN	Brighton
BR	Bromley
BS	Bristol
BT	Northern Ireland	Belfast
CA	Carlisle
CB	Cambridge
CF	Cardiff
CH	Chester
CM	Chelmsford
CO	Colchester
CR	Croydon
CT	Canterbury
CV	Coventry
CW	Crewe
DA	Dartford
DD	Dundee
DE	Derby
DG	Dumfries^[1]	Dumfries and Galloway
DH	Durham
DL	Darlington
DN	Doncaster
DT	Dorchester
DY	Dudley
E	London E
EC	London EC
EH	Edinburgh
EN	Enfield
EX	Exeter
FK	Falkirk and Stirling
FY	Blackpool^[1]	The Fylde
G	Glasgow
GL	Gloucester
GU	Guildford
HA	Harrow
HD	Huddersfield
HG	Harrogate
HP	Hemel Hempstead
HR	Hereford
HS	Outer Hebrides^[1]
HU	Hull
HX	Halifax
IG	Ilford^[1]
IP	Ipswich
IV	Inverness
KA	Kilmarnock
KT	Kingston upon Thames
KW	Kirkwall
KY	Kirkcaldy
L	Liverpool
LA	Lancaster
LD	Llandrindod Wells^[1]
LE	Leicester
LL	Llandudno
LN	Lincoln
LS	Leeds
LU	Luton
M	Manchester
ME	Rochester^[1]	Medway (now sometimes known as Maidstone^[3])
MK	Milton Keynes
ML	Motherwell
N	London N
NE	Newcastle upon Tyne
NG	Nottingham
NN	Northampton
NP	Newport
NR	Norwich
NW	London NW
OL	Oldham
OX	Oxford
PA	Paisley
PE	Peterborough
PH	Perth
PL	Plymouth
PO	Portsmouth
PR	Preston
RG	Reading
RH	Redhill
RM	Romford
S	Sheffield
SA	Swansea
SE	London SE
SG	Stevenage
SK	Stockport
SL	Slough
SM	Sutton^[1]
SN	Swindon
SO	Southampton
SP	Salisbury^[1]	Salisbury Plain
SR	Sunderland
SS	Southend-on-Sea
ST	Stoke-on-Trent
SW	London SW
SY	Shrewsbury
TA	Taunton
TD	Galashiels^[1]	Teviotdale
TF	Telford
TN	Tonbridge^[1]
TQ	Torquay
TR	Truro
TS	Cleveland^[1]	Teesside
TW	Twickenham
UB	Southall^[1]	Uxbridge
W	London W
WA	Warrington
WC	London WC
WD	Watford
WF	Wakefield
WN	Wigan
WR	Worcester
WS	Walsall
WV	Wolverhampton
YO	York
ZE	Lerwick^[1]	Zetland

Crown dependencies [link]

The Crown dependencies (which are not part of the United Kingdom) did not introduce postcodes until later, but use a similar coding scheme. They are separate postal authorities.^[1]

Postcode area	Postcode area name
GY	Guernsey
JE	Jersey
IM	Isle of Man

Defunct postcode areas [link]

London NE and S [link]

Further information: London postal district#Changes to NE and S

Glasgow [link]

Glasgow, like London, was divided into compass districts: C, W, NW, N, E, SE, S, SW. When postcodes were introduced, these were mapped into the new G postcode: C1 became G1, W1 became G11, N1 became G21, E1 became G31, S1 became G41, SW1 became G51, and so on. As NW and SE had never been subdivided they became G20 and G40 respectively.

Dublin [link]

Dublin was split into Dublin postal districts by the Post Office in 1917 at the same time as other major cities in the UK like Liverpool and Manchester. After the creation of the Irish Free State (later the Republic of Ireland) the Irish government did not adopt postcodes; however, the Dublin postal districts remain to this day and the correct form of address is Dublin 7, etc. The postcode area D has not been re-used within the UK.

Norwich and Croydon [link]

Norwich and Croydon were used for a postcode experiment in the late 1960s, which was replaced by the current system. The format was of the form NOR or CRO followed by two numbers and a letter, e.g. NOR 07A.

Non-geographic postcodes [link]

Further information: Postcodes in the United Kingdom#Non-geographic codes

GIR 0AA is a postcode created for Girobank Bootle that does not use an ordinary postcode area.

Additionally the non-geographic postcode area BX has been introduced for addresses which do not include a locality, this allows large organisations long-term flexibility as to where they receive their mail. This postcode area is used by Lloyds TSB (BX1 1LT) and the VAT Central Unit of HM Revenue and Customs (BX5 5AT).

References [link]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r Royal Mail - Address Management Guide, (2004)
^ ^a ^b ^c HMSO, The Inner London Letter Post, (1980)
^ "Quarterly Quality of Service Report to Postcomm – 2009/10 Quarter 1 Report". Royal Mail. 2009-08-20. pp. 4–8 (table 2). ftp://ftp.royalmail.com/Downloads/public/ctf/rmg/Quarterly_Quality_Service_Report.pdf. Retrieved 2009-11-06.

External links [link]

Free interactive Postcode Area map using Google maps
List of postcodes with lat/long information as eastings and northings, downloadable free of charge from Ordnance Survey OpenData, file Code-Point Open
Office for National Statistics - Postal geography
OpenStreetMap - Postcode map
Strowger net: postcodes of the UK
Business Lists UK postcode map
Natural History Museum - maps of UK postcode areas
Strange Maps - Frank Jacobs - Diagrammatic Map -[1]

v t e Postal services in the United Kingdom

Postcodes and other postal units	Postal county Post town List of post towns London postal district List of postcode areas List of postcode districts Postcode Address File Mailsort

Organisations and philately	Royal Mail Post Office British Forces Post Office Parcelforce Postage stamps and postal history

v t e Postcode areas in the United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man

AB AL B BA BB BD BH BL BN BR BS BT BX CA CB CF CH CM CO CR CT CV CW DA DD DE DG DH DL DN DT DY E EC EH EN EX FK FY G GIR GL GU GY HA HD HG HP HR HS HU HX IG IM IP IV JE KA KT KW KY L LA LD LE LL LN LS LU M ME MK ML N NE NG NN NP NR NW OL OX PA PE PH PL PO PR RG RH RM S SA SE SG SK SL SM SN SO SP SR SS ST SW SY TA TD TF TN TQ TR TS TW UB W WA WC WD WF WN WR WS WV YO ZE

Related lists: Postal counties · Post towns · Postcode districts · London postal district

http://wn.com/List_of_postcode_areas_in_the_United_Kingdom

http://fr.wn.com/Liste des zones postales au Royaume-Uni

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_postcode_areas_in_the_United_Kingdom

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

Tamer Hosny
File:Tamer hosny half standup.jpg
Background information
Native name	تامر حسنى
Birth name	Tamer Hosny Abbas Farghaly
Born	(1977-08-16) August 16, 1977 (age 34)
Origin	Cairo, Egypt
Associated acts	Snoop Dogg , Shaggy
Website	www.tamerhosny.com

Tamer Hosny (Arabic: تامر حسنى‎, IPA: [ˈtæːmeɾ ˈħosni]; born August 16, 1977) is an Egyptian singer, actor, composer, director, producer and songwriter. Hosny first came to attention when he appeared on mix tapes with other Egyptian artists. He launched his solo career with the 2004 album Hob, becoming a successful singer of romantic music and earning the nickname "King of Generation" from his fans.^[1]^[2]

1 Early life
2 Music career
3 Discography
4 Awards
5 References
6 External links

Early life [link]

Hosny's mother brought him up alongside his older brother Hossam in the absence of their father, Hosny Sherif Abbas. Tamer Hosny grew up with an interest in soccer and played the sport for 9 years.^[3] As a child, he was a fan of singer Abdel Halim Hafez. He graduated from October 6 University, with a Bachelor's degree in Media Studies.

He was introduced by Salma El Shamaa to the opera. Afterwards, he was recognized by Nasr Mahrous, the manager and owner of Free Music production company. Later on he signed a contract with Free Music in 2002. Tamer didn't debut with Sherine's first mix tape. Instead, he was featured in previous mix tapes, and one of them featured other artists like Khaled Agag and Mohamed Mounir. He released five successful albums with Free Music.

Then in 2009, he signed with Mazzika group Alam El Phan.^[4]

He is an endorser of Pepsi, a well-known soft drink around the world.^[5] He was also the "first Arab celebrity" to advertise the Police brand of sunglasses.^[6]

Music career [link]

Hob

In 2004, he released his first studio album with Ahamd Albanna as a solo artist. Titled Hob, the album featured the single "Arrab Habibi". The album was quite a success with his hit, "Arrab Habibi", which was subject to heavy rotation on satellite music channels.

Enayyah Bethebbak

Enayyah Bethebbak (My Eyes Love You) is his second full-length studio album. Released at the end of 2005, the album was produced by Free Music. The album's main hits were "Enayyah Bethebbak" and "Ba'ish". The album was a success in Egypt and the Middle East. After the release of Enayyah Bethebbak.

Ya Bent El-Eih

Ya Bent El-Eh is his third full length studio album. Released in March 2007 by Free Music, the album featured thirteen songs. Nine of them were stolen and leaked on the internet almost a week before it was released to the market. The Egyptian media^[who?] says about this album: "It's a nice album that considered being his first real step in his musical life".^{[citation needed]} The album has seven hits composed and written by him. Four of the songs were used in his film Omar & Salma; "A'reft Elly Feha", 'Ana Walla A'aref", "Sotek" and "Ergaaly".

Arrab Kaman

Hosny released his fourth studio album Arrab Kaman on June 24, 2008. This album has 9 hits composed and written by Tamer Hosny: "Matwasnesh", "Arab Kaman", "Askoty", "Aftkarly", "Ya taabany", "Albi el habak", "Esma wa nasseb", "Heya de", "Roh alby" and "Asaab ahsas". Four songs from Arrab Kaman were used in his movie Captin Hima.

ElGana Fi Byotna

ElGana Fi Byotna is his fifth full length studio album of Islamic and Ramadan-themed songs, released in September 2007 in the same year of Arrab Kaman. He filmed one music video from this album, "Ana Mesh aref atghyar". The album includes 13 tracks; he wrote and composed all 13 songs.

Ha'eesh Hayaty

In 2009 Hosny released his sixth studio album,Ha'esh Hayaty. This was his first studio album recorded under Mohsen Gaber's Alam El Phan label. Ha'esh Hayaty included Hosny's first English-language song, "Come Back to Me". From this album he filmed one music video, Ta'aba Koll El Nas. Yasser Sami, the director of Omar & Salma also directed the music video. The second part includes two songs from the album, "Khontek Embareh and "Bagher aleeha".

Ikhtart Sah

Ikhtart Sah is his seventh studio album released in 2010. This is the second studio album recorded under Mohsen Gaber's Alam El Phan. It was commercially successful and included "Sweet Melody", Hosny's second English song. Tamer Hosny filmed music videos for three of the album's songs, "Saheet ala sotha", "Taarafy" and "Law hakoun gher leek".

Elly Gai Ahla

Elly Gai Ahla (2011) is the 8th studio album by Tamer Hosny. This is the third studio album recorded under Mohsen Gaber's Alam El Phan. From this album Hosny had four music videos: "Elly Gai Ahla" directed by Yasser Sami, "Dayman Ma'ak", "Matsaa'lnesh" featuring Moroccan singer Bassma Boussil and "Aklemha" directed by Hossam L. Hosseiny. Commercially, it was very successful, reaching number one on the Egyptian charts during its first week of release.^{[citation needed]}

Directing career [link]

Tamer Hosny started his first directorial experience in 2010 by directing his music video "Saheet ala sotha". Hosny had always wanted to be a director; he had dreamed of making his own music video.^[7]

Film career [link]

Hosny starred in the 2003 Egyptian movie, Halet Hob (A State of Love).^[8] The movie featured music by Hosny himself. Halet Hob is a modern film addressing the issues of young people in today's Egypt, including family, immigration, work, and love, as well as how Arab immigrants are viewed and treated abroad. When Nour decides to immigrate to France, his wife refuses to go, so they decide to split the family. She stays in Egypt with their son Youssef, and Nour leaves the country with their other child Seif. As time passes, the split family drifts apart. Although many young people are trying to leave Egypt, after facing the reality of anti-Arab sentiment in France, Seif and his Tunisian/French girlfriend decide to return, seeking to find and help his brother with his budding singing career. His goal is not only to reunite with Youssef, but to use art and music as a forum for bringing youth from around the world together and giving a voice to Arabs abroad. There are many obstacles in the way and bringing the family together will not be easy.

The movie Sayed El Atefy^[9] was released in 2005, and featured two songs, "Koll Marra" and "Nour Einy"; both were performed within the movie. The full versions of the songs accompanied the performance in addition to scenes from the movie were made into music videos. They were initially exclusive to Melody Hits channel. The film is about a simple woman called Um Sayed (Abla Kamel) who raises her son after his father dies. She works as a taxi driver and car pickups to face life's burdens. At the same time loving the Al-Ahli Team so much and sponsor her son Sayed (Tamer Hosny), who is facing several problems at the university with his uncle. Um Sayed and friends try to lifting the injustice done to her son in the comic style concert.

At the beginning of June 2007, Hosny released his third movie Omar & Salma with Mai Ezzedine. Omar (Tamer Hosny) is a young man who likes to flirt with all kinds of girls and has never been a serious relationship. That all changes when he meets Salma (Mai Ezz El Din) who totally changes the way he thinks, but their new relationship turns out to be a bumpy ride.

In 2008, he released Captin Hima,^[10] a social comedy about a young man who is crazy about soccer. Hima (Hosny) believes soccer is a panacea for all problems and "plays" hard to achieve his goals and dreams.

In May 2009, he released Omar & Salma 2,^[11] a sequel to the romance comedy. Starring Tamer Hosny and May Ezzeddin, Omar & Salma 2 features a new arrival, Merihan Hussein, a Star Academy 5 contender. May Ezzeddin (Salma) plays the nagging wife, and Tamer Hosny (Omar) a bored husband longing for good old days of bachelorhood. Salma demands that they move because the block where they live is packed with women. So they move to a block inhabited by a widow, a divorcee and a gay man. Omar ends up having an affair with Carma (Merihan Hussein), an employee at his father’s (Ezzat Abu Owf) business. Salma finds out about the affair and the couple almost file for divorce.

In May 2010, he released the movie Noor Einy (The Light of my Eyes). This is a romantic comedy and drama about Ahmad (who uses the stage name Noor), a young music composer Tamer Hosny and a blind girl named Sarah Menna Shalabi and the great love story between them. Sarah breaks up with Noor after a misunderstanding, and she decides to go to America for surgery in order to regain her eyesight. While Noor has to deal with the death of his brother, he has to deal with the fact that Sarah has left him. As she moves on with her life, she falls in love with her doctor Tarek Amro Yousef, who decides to marry her in back Egypt. What she does not know is that Tarek and Noor are childhood friends, and when Noor meets Tarek in the airport he finds out that his friend's fiancee is his love, Sarah. While Sarah thinks that she sees Tarek's friend Ahmad, she doesn't know the fact that it's Noor. Noor ends up facing the heartbreak silently until the events lead up to the discovery of this strange twist of fate.

In December 2011 , Tamer Released his latest Movie " Omar and salma 3" the 3rd part of his movies Omar and Salma , In this part Omar decided to become a rap singer and Salma Refused this , so Salma Forced Omar to get divorced , so both of them started to make a play on each others to teach each others a lesson the message from this movie was social comedy to discuss that the divorce is the not the solution for the marriage problems , the story was written by Tamer Hosny directed by Mohamed Sami. this part achieved a huge success and preside the wills

Drama [link]

During Ramadan 2011, Hosny starred in the television drama Adam. Directed by Mohammad Sami, the drama also featured Dina Fouad, Ahmad Zaher and Mai Izz.and this series achieved Big Success and high views on YouTube and win best series in 2011 in many votes^[12] His next film Omar and Salma 3 is scheduled to release in November during the Eid al-Adha holiday.^[13]

2011 Egyptian revolution [link]

On January 25, 2011, demonstrations spread across Egypt and ultimately forced Hosni Mubarak to cede power to the military. Tamer Hosny was already outside Egypt on a tour of the Netherlands and the United States. He was scheduled to perform many shows. After performing at Heineken Music Hall in Amsterdam on 29 January 2011 and hearing the news, he cancelled his tour of Canada and the United States, and flew back immediately.

On February 9, 2011, Hosny appeared on stage at Tahrir Square in Cairo, where the Egyptian protesters had gathered. Protesters grew angry at the sight of him and immediately told him to leave the square as he was not welcome. It was initially unclear what his intended message to the protesters in the square was going to be, but he was later quoted on Al Jazeera television as saying that he wanted to tell the protesters that he had made a mistake, and now supported the protests.^[14]

Tamer Hosny has organized charity activities supporting the families of those killed,^[15] launched a blood donation campaign in Egypt with his fans, and called upon them to donate to the victims of the latest events.

He launched two new songs to mark the events: Good Morning Egypt,^[16] and another in memory of those killed, Martyrs 25 Jan.^[17]^[18]

Collaborations [link]

Supporting new talents

During two years Tamer Hosny had discovered more than 20 new talents in lyricts and composing, more than 5 new talented singer, more than 10 new talented actors and Mohamed Sami as a Drama and Cinema director "Director of his series Adam",^[19]

"Bokra-Tomorrow" Charity Single

Tamer sang Bokra Tomorrow (A Better You, Better Me) a charity single that was released on 11/11/2011 at 11:11PM, along with Shakira, Rim Banna, Akon, Diana Karazon, Marwan Khoury, Latifa, Souad Massi, Hani Mitwassi, Saber El Roba3i, Kathem El Saher, Wa3ed, Sherine and other Arab Artists. The single will distribute the proceeds of its donations to various organisations, institutions and charities with arts and culture programs. The eight minute song was written by Majida Al-Roumi, and produced by Quincy Jones and RedOne. More information about the song can be found on official website of the song.

New Duet with Shaggy

Tamer Hosny has recorded a new duet song with Shaggy, named "Smile". The song, written and composed by Tamer Hosny, will be distributed all over the world. The music video has been released at the beginning of 2012; the music video was shot in New York City, and it has achieved huge success; it has achieved more than one million views in only 3 days on Youtube, and for this exceptional growth rate, Youtube awarded the music video a trending medal.^[20]

Duet with Snoop Dogg

Tamer Hosny has recorded a new duet song with Snoop Dogg, Named Si L Sayed. It will be released in 2012. Tamer Hosny and Snoop Dogg shot the music video in Los Angeles .

Discography [link]

Year	Album	Label
2004	Hob	FreeMusic
2006	Enayyah Bethebbak	FreeMusic
2007	Ya Bint El Aih	FreeMusic
2007	ElGana Fi Byotna	FreeMusic
2008	Arrab Kaman	FreeMusic
2009	Haeesh Hyati	Alam El Phan
2010	Ikhtart Sah	Alam El Phan
2011	Elly Gai Ahla	Alam El Phan
2011	Omar & Salma 3	Alam El Phan
2011	Smile	Alam El Phan

In addition to:

Free Mix 2000 (2000)
Free Mix 3 (2002)
Free Mix 4 (2005)

Awards [link]

Year	Award	Awarded by
2002	Best Selling Album^{[citation needed]}	Nile Variety Channel
2003	The Best Romantic Song (Olli Bahebabak)^{[citation needed]}	Nogoom FM Radio Station
2004	Best Song of the Century (Oyouno Dar)^{[citation needed]}	Nogoom FM Radio Station
2004	Best Actor (Halet Hob)^{[citation needed]}	National Arts Organization
2005	Best Singer^{[citation needed]}	Horreyati Magazine
2005	Best Singer^{[citation needed]}	Dear Guest
2006	Best Singer in the Middle East^{[citation needed]}	Dear Guest
2006	Best Singer & Song^{[citation needed]}	TV & Radio Festival
2007	Best Singer in Middle East^{[citation needed]}	Dear Guest
2007	King of Dear Guest^{[citation needed]}	Dear Guest
2007	Best Singer & Album^{[citation needed]}	Mobinil Music Awards
2007	Best Singer & Best Songs^{[citation needed]}	Middle East Radio Station
2007	The Most Successful Artist^{[citation needed]}	Akhbar El Negoum Magazine2
2007	The Most Loving Fans^{[citation needed]}	The Mediterranean Festival
2007	The Star Award^{[citation needed]}	Charisma Magazine
2007	Best Singer^{[citation needed]}	Charisma Magazine
2007	Most Loyal Fans^{[citation needed]}	Charisma Magazine
2007	The Most Beloved Arabian Artist^{[citation needed]}	Shashaty Magazine
2008	The Best Singer^{[citation needed]}	Middle East Music Awards
2008	The Best Album Of The Year (Arrab kaman)^{[citation needed]}	Middle East Music Awards
2008	The Best Actor Of the Year^{[citation needed]}	ART Festival
2008	One Of The 10 Most Influential In The Arab Cinema^{[citation needed]}	Variety Magazine
2009	The Best Arab Singer^{[citation needed]}	Arab Sounds Awards
2009	The Best Track Of The Year (Come Back To Me)^{[citation needed]}	Arab Sounds Awards
2009	The Best Video Clip Of The year (Taaba kol Al Nas)^{[citation needed]}	Arab Sounds Awards
2010	Best African artist of the year^{[citation needed]}	African Music Award 2010
2010	"The Legend Of The Century" award by Big Apple Music Awards.^[21]^[22]	USA
2010	The Best Arab Singer^{[citation needed]}	Arab Sounds Awards
2011	The Best selling album (Elli Gai Ahla)^{[citation needed]}	the African international day
2011	The Best African and Arabian music^{[citation needed]}	the African international day
2012	The Best Arabian Artist^{[citation needed]}	Dear Guest
2012	The Best Song of the year - 2011 - (Elli Gai Ahla)^{[citation needed]}	Dear Guest

References [link]

^ Labourdette, Jean-Paul; Dominique Auzias (2007) (in French). Égypte. Petit Futé. p. 119. ISBN 2-7469-1972-9.
^ Kennedy, Helen (February 9, 2011). "Tamer Hosny, Egypt's answer to Justin Timberlake, attacked by demonstrators in Cairo's Tahrir Square". New York Daily News. http://articles.nydailynews.com/2011-02-09/news/28550697_1_protests-demonstrators-slum-dwellers. Retrieved September 25, 2011.
^ "Tamer Hosny International Official Website - Biography". Tamerhosny.com. http://www.tamerhosny.com/english/biography.html. Retrieved 2011-03-24.
^ "Tamer Hosny". Alam El Phan. http://www.alamelphan.com/artist/tamer-hosny. Retrieved 2011-07-13.
^ "Tamer Hosny". Pepsi Arabia. 1977-08-16. http://www.pepsiarabia.com/music/tamerhosni_en_gb.aspx. Retrieved 2011-07-13.
^ "Home". Police Tamer Hosny. http://www.policetamerhosny.com/. Retrieved 2011-03-24.
^ "تامر حسني: أخرجت كليب (صحيت علي صوتها ) لأظهر بشكلي الحقيقي". Masrawy.com. http://www.masrawy.com/News/Arts/Stars/2010/june/3/tamer.aspx. Retrieved 2011-07-13.
^ Halet Hob Movie [1] Msn Shofha
^ Sayed el atafy [2] IMDb
^ Captain Hima Movie [3] IMDb
^ Omar & Salma 2 [4] IMDb
^ "Tamer Husni celebrates release of new album". Al Bawaba. July 1, 2011. http://www.albawaba.com/latest-news/tamer-husni-celebrates-release-new-album-381037. Retrieved September 25, 2011.
^ "Tamer Husni races with time". Al Bawaba. September 25, 2011. http://www.albawaba.com/entertainment/tamer-husni-races-time-393401. Retrieved September 25, 2011.
^ Kennedy, Helen (10 February 2011). "Egyptian Protesters Run Off Sorry Pop Star". Daily News (New York): p. 20. "King of Pop who had publicly dissed Egypt's pro-democracy protests - went to Tahrir Square to apologize. Bad idea. First Tamer Hosny was run out of Cairo's main square with catcalls and punches late Tuesday night, and the army had to save him. Then he started to cry - on video. "I want to die today," Hosny said, blubbering on a YouTube video that burned up the Internet yesterday."
^ "تامر حسنى يتبرع بعمرة ومبرد مياه لأسر شهداء 25 يناير". Gn4me.com. 2011-03-17. http://www.gn4me.com/gn4me/details.jsp?artId=3923515&catId=54169&sec=celebrities. Retrieved 2011-03-24.
^ "Tamer Hosny Sabah L Kher تامر حسني صباح الخير يا مصر "English Subtitled"". YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GPGDRsFl2sU&feature=channel_video_title. Retrieved 2011-03-24.
^ "" English subtitled" تامر حسني شهداء 25 يناير Tamer Hosny shoadaa 25". YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g9lybr99_qE. Retrieved 2011-03-24.
^ "تامر حسنى: صِعِبتْ على نفسى.. والإعلام المصري ضللني | المصري اليوم، أخبار اليوم من مصر". Almasryalyoum.com. 2011-03-16. http://www.almasryalyoum.com/node/341444?page=1#comment-344610. Retrieved 2011-03-24.
^ "كريم محسن يصدر ألبومه الغنائي الأول بمساندة تامر حسني [Karim Mohsen releases album with the support of Tamer Hosny]". Masrawy.com. 2010-12-16. http://www.masrawy.com/News/Arts/elcinema/2010/December/16/3336311Update.aspx. Retrieved 2011-03-24.
^ "Tamer Hosny Feat Shaggy [Tamer Hosny Feat Shaggy]". jetset magazine. 2011-10-25. http://www.jetsetmagazine.net/potins,et,news/tamer-hosni-prepare-un-duo-avec-shaggy.18.4576.html=3. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
^ "تامر حسني أسطورة القرن من بيج أبل أوورد; أخبار". FilFan.com. http://www.filfan.com/News.asp?NewsID=15732. Retrieved 2011-03-24.
^ "Tamer Hosny, Legend of the Century!". Waleg.com. 2010-04-30. http://www.waleg.com/archives/019860.html. Retrieved 2011-03-24.

External links [link]

v t e Arabic pop music

List of Arabic pop musicians

Female artists	Ahlam Aida el Ayoubi Aline Khalaf Amal Hijazi Amani Swissi Amina Annabi Angham Anoushka Arwa Assala Asma Lamnawar Asmahan Aziza Jalal Brigitte Yaghi Carole Samaha Cheikha Rimitti Cyrine Abdelnour Dalida Dana Halabi Darine Hadchiti Diana Haddad Diana Karazon Dina Hayek Dolly Shahine Elissa Fairuz Fayza Ahmed Fulla Ghada Ragab Grace Deeb Haifa Wehbe Hind Hoda Saad Ishtar Jannat Mahid Julia Boutros Karol Sakr Laila Mourad Laila Ghofran Latifa Lydia Canaan Madeline Matar Mai Selim Majida El Roumi Marwa May Kassab Maya Nasri Melissa Mounira El Mahdeya Mona Amarcha Myriam Atallah Myriam Fares Naima Samih Najat Aatabou Najwa Karam Nancy Ajram Natacha Atlas Nawal Al Zoghbi Nawal El Kuwaiti Nelly Makdessy Nourhanne Ofra Haza Pascale Machaalani Rajae Belmlih Rajaa Kasabni Reinette L'Oranaise Rola Saad Rouwaida Attieh Ruby Sabah Samira Said Shada Hassoun Shadia Shahd Barmada Shams Sherine Sofia El Marikh Suzanne Tamim Thekra Umm Kulthum Warda Al-Jazairia Yara Zizi Adel

Male artists	Abdallah Al Rowaished Abdel Halim Hafez Abed Azrie Ahmed Adaweyah Alaa Zalzali Ali El Haggar Amr Diab Amr Mostafa Assi El Helani Ehab Tawfik Elias Karam Fadel Shaker Fares Karam Farid al-Atrash Faudel George Wassouf Haitham Yousif Hakim Hamada Helal Hani Shaker Cheb Hasni Hisham Abbas Hussam Al Rassam Ilham al-Madfai Issam Rajji Iwan Joseph Attieh Kamal Hosni Kadim Al Sahir Khaled Majid Al Muhandis Cheb Mami Marwan Khoury Melhem Barakat Melhem Zein Mohamad Bash Mohamed Fawzi Mohamed Fouad Mohamed Hamaki Mohamed Mounir Mohammed Abdel Wahab Moustafa Amar Nabil Ajram Nour Mhanna Rachid Taha Ragheb Alama Ramy Ayach Rashed Al-Majed Richii Rida Al Abdullah Ryan Belhsen Saber Rebaï Sabah Fakhri Shaaban Abdel Rahim Shadi Jamil Charbel Rouhana Tamer Hosny Wadih Safi Wael Kfoury Zakariyya Ahmad Ziad Rahbani Hussain Al Jassmi

Related articles	Arabic music Dabke Middle Eastern music Arabesk Raï Chalga Turbo-folk Manele Balkan pop Rapbesk Mizrahi music Klezmer Persian pop

Persondata
Name	Hosny, Tamer
Alternative names
Short description	Egyptian singer, songwriter and actor
Date of birth	1977-08-16
Place of birth
Date of death
Place of death

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Lepa Brena

Background information
Birth name	Fahreta Jahić
Also known as	Fahreta Živojinović
Born	(1960-10-20) 20 October 1960 (age 51) Tuzla, SR Bosnia-Herzegovina, SFR Yugoslavia, now Bosnia and Herzegovina
Genres	Pop-folk, pop, dance, folk
Occupations	Musician, actress
Years active	1979–present
Labels	PGP, Diskoton, ZaM, Grand Production
Associated acts	Slatki greh
Website	www.jednajebrena.com

Fahreta Jahić- Živojinović (born 20 October 1960) is a Bosnian pop-folk and pop singer, South Slavs pop star and pop icon and showbiz manager, better known by her stage name Lepa Brena.

1 Early life
2 Career
- 2.1 Lepa Brena and Slatki Greh
3 Personal life
4 Concerts
- 4.1 Tour 2011/2012
5 Discography
- 5.1 Albums
6 Filmography
7 References
8 External links

Early life [link]

Lepa Brena was born as Fahreta Jahić to a Bosniak family in Tuzla in 1960, but grew up in Brčko. She was the third-born child of Abid Jahić (1928-2010) and Ifeta Jahić.^[1] She has a sister Faketa and an older brother named Faruk.^[2]

Career [link]

In 1980, she started singing with the band Slatki Greh.^[2] She subsequently moved to Novi Sad and then to Belgrade. Brena started to sing in hotel TURIST in Backa Palanka. She released her first album Čačak, Čačak in 1982. She is arguably the most popular singer of the former Yugoslavia, and a top-selling female record artist with more than thirty million records sold.^[3]^[4]^[5]

Beside her career as a singer, Lepa Brena is one of the founders of Grand Slam Group and Grand Production.^[6]

Fahreta's nickname "Brena" was given to her by her gym teacher. Later on, Serbian showman Minimax added "Lepa" (beautiful), creating the stage name "Lepa Brena".^[7]

Lepa Brena's career can be divided into two main periods:

Performance with the band Slatki Greh ("sweet sin")
Solo career

Lepa Brena and Slatki Greh [link]

Lepa Brena joined Slatki Greh in 1981 when the group's original singer Spasa left the band because of her marriage. Saša Popović, the band's frontman, was initially opposed to the idea that Lepa Brena should be the band's new singer, but later changed his opinion. Their first performance was in Bačka Palanka on 6 May 1980.

Collaboration with Milutin Popović-Zahar and Vladimir Cvetkovic [link]

Her first album Čačak, Čačak was written mostly by Milutin Popović-Zahar, and the career-manager was Vladimir Cvetković. That same year Lepa Brena and Slatki Greh appeared in the first part of Yugoslavian classic comedy Tesna koža (translation: Tight Skin), which raised their profile and brought them almost instant popularity.

The second album Mile voli disko, was released in 1983. Best known songs from that album were "Mile voli disko", "Duge noge" and "Dama iz Londona". The album's main writer was Milutin Popović-Zahar.

Colaboration with Raka Đokić [link]

In 1983, Lepa Brena ended her collaboration with Milutin Popović-Zahar and Vladimir Cvetković. That year Lepa Brena and Slatki Greh participated in Jugovizija (Yugoslav selection for the Eurovision Song Contest) with the song "Sitnije, Cile, sitnije". Her appearance caused confusion among the audience, since Jugovizija was considered exclusively reserved for pop singers. Although they did not qualify for the prestigious European competition, Lepa Brena and Slatki Greh won the contest, gaining even more popularity.

The following year, Lepa Brena and Slatki Greh started a cooperation with a new manager Raka Đokić. "Bato, bato", her third album, was released the same year. A new provocative image was accompanied by a new musical style, different from the one fostered by Popović. Popular pub called "dvojka" has been replaced by pop melodies and more provocative lyrics. The same year, Lepa Brena held a concert in neighboring Romania, at the stadium in Timisoara to an audience of 65,000. It was the first successful concert of a Yugoslav singer outside their home country.

Lepa Brena's next three albums, Pile moje in 1985 and Voli me, voli and Uske pantalone in 1986 would propel her to the throne of the Yugoslav music scene.

Along with these albums, Lepa Brena established a cooperation with Yugoslav folk star Miroslav Ilić and recorded a romantic duet "Jedan dan života", and the song "Živela Jugoslavija", which was received with a mixed response. The latter song was in line with Lepa Brena's only official political stance: an uncompromising support of a united Yugoslavia, with her becoming a symbol of this view.

By the end of 1986, Lepa Brena has already become the most popular public figure in Yugoslavia and strengthened the position of undisputed sex symbol. Later that year, her manager Raka Đokić came up with the idea that her next studio album should be followed by a movie in which would Lepa Brena should play a major role. This idea was successfully implemented in 1987 when the motion picture Hajde da se volimo was filmed. Many then-popular Yugoslav actors co-starred in the film, including Dragomir Gidra Bojanić, Milutin Karadžić, Velimir Bata Živojinović, Milan Štrljić etc.^[8]

Based on the success of the original, two sequels were produced for Hajde da se volimo. Hajde da se volimo 2 (1989)^[9] was followed by the studio album Četiri godine, and Hajde da se volimo 3 (1991)^[10] followed by album Boli me uvo za sve in 1990.

In the turbulent years of the late 1980s and early 1990s, Lepa Brena held more than three-hundred and fifty concerts yearly,^[11] and would often hold two concerts in one day. Lepa Brena set a record by holding thirty-one concerts day after day at Dom Sindikata, and seventeen concerts day after day at the Sava Center.^[12] In the late 1990s Brena held a concert at Levski stadium in Sofia (Bulgaria), in front of one hundred thousand people.

Lepa Brena and Slatki Greh recorded their second-to-last album together: Zaljubiška, in 1991.

Solo career [link]

In 1994, after a three-year break, Lepa Brena recorded her first solo album Ja nemam drugi dom, and held a famous "Concert in the Rain" at Tašmajdan stadium which was attended by 35,000 people.^[13] The next year, she recorded a couple more solo albums: Kazna Božija (1995) and Luda za tobom (1996).

Return to music [link]

After eight years of absence from making music, Lepa Brena returned in 2008 with a studio album, "Uđi slobodno".^[14] The album contained 10 new songs, nine of which were written by Brena's old song-writer Marina Tucaković and Aleksandar Milić Mili.^[15] She then released her sixteenth album, "Zacarani Krug", in 2011.^[16] Both albums were major successes.

Personal life [link]

She married Serbian tennis star Slobodan Živojinović in 1991. Their wedding on 7 December 1991 was a supreme media event throughout the then-still-existing Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The lavish ceremony took place at Belgrade's InterContinental Hotel. The level of interest in the event was such that Brena's manager Raka Đokić even released a VHS tape of the wedding for commercial exploitation. Their very public relationship has been providing steady fodder for various yellow media publications ever since. The couple has three sons - Filip (Brena's step son), Stefan and Viktor.

In November 2000, their son Stefan was kidnapped. After they had paid a ransom of 2,500,000 deutsche mark in cash, he was released.^[17] She currently resides in Belgrade, together with her husband Slobodan Živojinović and their three sons.

After her marriage, she moved to the United States and ceased cooperation with Slatki Greh. However, in 2000 they recorded another album together "Pomracenje sunca", their last album together. The album was not well received by the public. After the debacle and family drama, she retired once again, for 8 years that time. She returned to the industry in 2008.

Brena and her husband have a home in Coconut Creek in Pompano Beach, Florida, where they lived during the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia. She also has an apartment in Monte Carlo and another townhouse on Fisher Island in Florida. More recently in 2010 Brena and her husband have purchased a 5 bedroom villa with a inground heated pool on one of Miami's Islands. Purchase price of $1.6 million in cash.

Her father died on 22 October 2010 aged 82 after he had been injured in a traffic accident.

Concerts [link]

This biographical section of an article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (May 2012)

Yugoslavia

Serbia, Beograd, Sava Centar - 80.000 attendants
1983 Bosnia and Herzegovina, Mostar, Bijeli Brijeg Stadium - 35.000 attendants
1983 Bosnia and Herzegovina, Zenica - 20.000 attendants
1983 Bosnia and Herzegovina, Tuzla - 23.000 attendants
1985 Croatia, Split, Arena Gripe - 40.000 attendants
Serbia, Beograd, Dom Sindikata Hall ( 31 concert repeatedly ) - 54.000 attendants
13 June 1995 - Macedonia Skopje Philip II Arena - 35.000 attendants
Skopje, Republic of Macedonia - 100.000 attendants
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, Olympic Hall Zetra - (more concerts in a row)- 40.000 attendants
Serbia, Beograd, stadium Tasmajdan - 35.000 attendants
Croatia, Zagreb, Dražen Petrović Basketball Hall - (in total 4 concerta repeatedly)- 40.000 attendants
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, Skenderija - 13.000 attendants
Serbia, Nis, Niš Fortress - 20.000 attendants

Europe

Bulgaria, Plovdiv, Plovdiv Stadium - 55.000 attendants
Bulgaria, Varna - 40.000 attendants
Australia, Sydney - 15.000 attendants
24 July 1990 - Bulgaria, Sofia, Vasil Levski National Stadium - 110.000 attendants
1984 Romania, Timișoara, Stadionul Dan Păltinişanu - 65.000 attendants
2004 Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brčko, Stadion Blatuša - 17.000 attendants
2004 Bosnia and Herzegovina, Tuzla, Stadion Tusanj - 15.000 attendants
1 November 2008 - Zürich, Switzerland - Grodoonia - 2,000 attendants
22 November 2008 - Wien, Austria - Nachtwerk - 3,000 attendants
20 December 2008 - Stuttgart, Germany - Carl Benz Arena - 4,000+ attendants
25 December 2008 - Bochum, Germany - Club Taksim - 2,500 attendants
31 December 2008 - Budva, Montenegro - Gradski Trg - 20,000 attendants
17 January 2009 - Bansko, Bulgaria - Nai Club - 1,000 VIP attendants
7 February 2009 - Frankfurt, Germany - Union Halle - 3,000 attendants
13 February 2009 - Ulcinj, Montenegro - Diskoteka Primavera - 1,200 attendants
7 March 2009 - Duisburg, Germany - Intakt Club - 2,000 attendants
14 March 2009 - Zürich, Switzerland - Grodoonia - 3,000+ attendants
21 March 2009 - Ljubljana, Slovenia - Hala Tivoli - 10,000+ attendants
4 April 2009 - Kotor, Montenegro - Disco Maximus - 1,500+ attendants
11 April 2009 - Yverdon, Switzerland - Zed Club - 2,000 attendants
24 April 2009 - Malmö, Sweden - Amiralen - 2,500+ attendants
25 April 2009 - Stockholm, Sweden - Gamla Tryckeriet - 2,500+ attendants
30 May 2009 - Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herzegovina - Olympic Hall Zetra - 18,000 attendants
11 June 2009 - Mostar, Bosnia & Herzegovina - Bijeli Brijeg Stadium - 25,000 attendants
13 June 2009 - Zagreb, Croatia - Arena Zagreb - 15,000+ attendants
28 June 2009 - Banja Luka, Bosnia & Herzegovina - City Stadium of Banja Luka - 20.000 attendants
5 September 2009 - Portorož, Slovenia - Avditorij - 3,000 attendants

Australia

28 November 2009 - Sydney, Australia - Withlam Centre Liverpool
4 December 2009 - Perth, Australia - Herb Graham Mirrabooka
5 December 2009 - Melbourne, Australia - Springvale Hall

Europe

9 February 2010 - Ptuj, Slovenia - Karnivalska Dvorana - 3,500 attendants
27 February 2010 - Münich, Germany - Tonhalle - 1,000 + attendants
3 April 2010 - Düsseldorf, Germany - Ambis Club
1 May 2010 - Pforzheim, Germany - Flash Club
8 May 2010 - Montlingen, Switzerland - Disco Flash
18 May 2010 - Tinjan, Croatia - Tinjan Stadion - 3,000 + attendants
12 June 2010 - Varaždin, Croatia - Varaždin Arena
10 September 2010 - Mostar, Bosnia & Herzegovina - Disco Bridge
24 September 2010 - Malmö, Sweden - Slagthuset
25 September 2010 - Norrköping, Sweden - Folkets Park Borgen
1 October 2010 - Horsens, Denmark - Torsted Hallen
2 October 2010 - Gothenburg, Sweden - Hogsbohallen Angasvallen
3 November 2010 - Sofia, Bulgaria - Nai Club (cancelled due to death of her father)
25 December 2010 - Hamburg, Germany - Balkannight Club
21 January 2011 - Littau, Switzerland - Perosa Club
5 February 2011 - Münich, Germany - Inclub
5 March 2011 - Rijeka, Croatia - Dvorana Mladosti - 5.000 attendants
26 March 2011 - Osijek, Croatia - Gradski vrt Cancelled due to the objections of Croatian nationalists
16 April 2011 - Skopje, Republic of Macedonia - Boris Trajkovski Sports Center - 12.000 attendants

Tour 2011/2012 [link]

After her last album "Začarani krug" was released, Lepa Brena started the tour on 20 and 21 October 2011 with two consecutive concerts in Belgrade Arena.

20 October 2011 - Belgrade, Serbia - Beogradska Arena - 25,000 attendants
21 October 2011 - Belgrade, Serbia - Beogradska Arena - 25,000 attendants
3 December 2011 - Sofia, Bulgaria - Armeets Arena - 20,000 attendants
8 December 2011 - Niš, Serbia - Hala Čair - 7,000 attendants
31 December 2011 - Petrovac, Montenegro - 5,000 attendants
3 March 2012 - Switzerland, Dietikon, Stadthalle - 6,000 attendants
5 May 2012 - Chicago, Illinois
12 May 2012 - Toronto, Canada
19 May 2012 - Ljubljana, Slovenia - Arena Stožice - 15,000 attendants
2 June 2012 - Paris, France - DOCK EIFFEL -
15 June 2012 - Timișoara, Romania - Stadionul Dan Păltinişanu -
15 July 2012 - Prilep, Macedonia -

Discography [link]

References [link]

^ "Lepa Brena official website". Jednajebrena.com. http://www.jednajebrena.com/biografija/biografija-lepe-brene.htm. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
^ ^a ^b "Lepa Brena - Gost u talk show "Vecer sa Emirom", part 2". YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJAKSelokhg&NR=1In. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
^ "Vreme Magazine". Vreme.com. http://www.vreme.com/cms/view.php?id=1016658. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
^ "Story Magazine". Story.rs. http://www.story.rs/profili/lepa-brena. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
^ "Blic". Blic.rs. http://www.blic.rs/Vesti/Drustvo/21919/Vlasnici-muzike-i-stranih-priznanja. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
^ Agencija za privredne registre [1] [2]
^ "OVR Sports Betting". Pgportal.info. http://www.pgportal.info/zabava/muzika/417-kako-je-lepa-brena-dobila-nadimak-.html. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
^ IMDB
^ IMDB
^ IMDB
^ "Hajde da se volimo 1 (1987) - domaći film". Dodirnime.com. 2011-03-30. http://www.dodirnime.com/domacifilmovi/hajde-da-se-volimo-1-1987/. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
^ Svet Magazine
^ "Lepa Brena official website". Jednajebrena.com. http://www.jednajebrena.com/biografija/biografija-lepe-brene4.htm. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
^ M. Majstorović (2010-12-22). "Press Daily" (in (Serbian)). Pressonline.rs. http://www.pressonline.rs/sr/vesti/dzet_set_svet/story/52970/POVRATAK+LEPE+BRENE.html. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
^ National Library of Serbia Electronic Catalogue [3] [4] [5]
^ "National Library of Serbia Electronic Catalogue". Vbs.rs. http://www.vbs.rs/scripts/cobiss?ukaz=DISP&id=1830248492244812&fmt=11&rec=3&sid=1. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
^ "Prokletstvo uspeha, Vreme". Vreme.com. http://www.vreme.com/arhiva_html/518/30.html. Retrieved 2012-05-07.

External links [link]

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Lepa Brena

Awards
New title	Serbian Oscar Of Popularity The Female Folk Singer of the Year 2009	Succeeded by Radmila Manojlović

Persondata
Name	Brena, Lepa
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	20 October 1960
Place of birth	Tuzla, SR Bosnia-Herzegovina, SFR Yugoslavia, now Bosnia and Herzegovina
Date of death
Place of death

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Sukhwinder Singh
Also known as	Sukhi
Born	(1971-07-18) July 18, 1971 (age 40)
Genres	Playback singing
Occupations	Singer, composer,actor
Years active	1976–present
Website	www.sukhwindersingh.in

Sukhwinder Singh is an Indian singer best known for working as Bollywood playback artist. Singh is famous for singing "Chaiyya Chaiyya" for which he won the Best Male Playback Award at the 1999 Filmfare Awards. The song, from Mani Ratnam's 1998 film Dil Se.., was composed by A. R. Rahman, written by Gulzar, and sung in duet with Sapna Awasthi. It was also featured in the musical Bombay Dreams and, in remixed arrangements, in the titles and credits segments of Spike Lee's 2006 film, Inside Man. Singh later gained more international fame for singing "Jai Ho" from the film Slumdog Millionaire, which won an Academy Award for Best Original Song and a Grammy Award for Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media.

1 Biography
2 With A. R. Rahman
3 Awards
4 Selected discography
- 4.1 As music director
- 4.2 As playback singer
5 External links

Biography [link]

Singh originally comes from Amritsar, Punjab. He first performed on stage at the age of 8, singing the Lata number "Sa re ga ma pa, pa, pa, ga ma re, ga re mere sang mere saajna", from the 1970 movie Abhinetri. He also released a Punjabi album called Munda Southhall Da with T. Singh joined Laxmikant-Pyarelal’s troupe and quickly became a music arranger, before heading to the south of India to look for work. At this time he did a film called Rakshakudu.

Singh got his break in the movie Karma, in which he sang a few lines; then he did a Madhuri Dixit film called Khilaaf, in which he sang the hit song "Aa ja Sanam". But the singer realised that something was missing in his voice, took a sabbatical and left Mumbai to tour England and America to see, hear and understand various forms of music. After this broadening of his musical horizons, he returned to Mumbai to kick-start his musical career.

His first effort in Hindi films, Aaja Sanam, went largely unnoticed, even though the music carried the names of Laxmikant-Pyarelal. Then, along came Dil Se... A. R. Rahman used Sukhwinder for "Chaiyya Chaiyya". The other films that followed – including Taal, Biwi No. 1, 1947 Earth, Daag, Jaanwar, Dillagi, Moksha, Thakshak, Tere Naam, Apna Sapna Money Money, Shadi Se Pehle, Shabd, Musafir, Chak de India, Om Shanti Om and Black and White- have made him a household name.

He has been well received for providing playback singing for Bollywood actor Shahrukh Khan in a total of 6 songs. Of these, "Chaiyya Chaiyya" from Dil Se.., "Dard-E-Disco" from Om Shanti Om, "Chak De India" from Chak De! India, "Haule Haule" from Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi and "Marjaani" from Billu all went on to become certified hits.

With A. R. Rahman [link]

The combination of Sukhwinder Singh and composer A. R. Rahman has produced many hit songs. The list includes "Chaiyya Chaiyya" from Dil Se.., "Ramta Jogi", "Ni Main Samajh Gayee" and "Taal Se Taal Mila" from Taal, "Ruth Aa Gayee Re", "Raat Ki Daldal Hain" and "Yeh Jo Zindagi Hain" from Earth, "Jaane Tu Mera Kya Hai" m Jaane Tu... Ya Jaane Na, "Aayo Re Sakhi", "Bhangari Morori" and "Piya Ho" from Water, "Chinnamma Chilakkamma" from Meenaxi, "Thok De Killi" from Raavan, "Pagdi sambhaal jatta" from The Legend of Bhagat Singh and "Jai Ho" from Slumdog Millionaire. He has also recorded a couple of Tamil songs for Rahman: "Thiruvallikkeni Rani" from Udhaya and "Lucky Lucky" from Rakshakudu

Awards [link]

Sukhwinder Singh won the Filmfare Best Male Playback Award for the song "Chaiyya Chaiyya" from the movie Dil Se.. whose music was by A R Rahman and for the song "Haule Haule" from the movie Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi whose music was by Salim Sulaiman

The song "Jai Ho", sung by Singh, composed by A. R. Rahman, and written by Gulzar, was nominated a Critics' Choice Award for Best Song and won an Oscar: Academy Award for Best Original Song. It also won the Grammy Award for Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media in 2010.

Selected discography [link]

As playback singer [link]

Kaafiron Ki Namaaz (2012) - "Bajao Zor Se Taali"
Racha(2012)
Kahaani (2012)
I Am Singh (2011)
Teen Thay Bhai (2011)
Ishq De Mamle (2011) (MovieBox)
Tees Maar Khan (2010) - "Badey Dilwala"
Band Baaja Baaraat (2010) - "Dum Dum (Sufi Mix)"
Easan (Tamil) - "Meyyana Inbam"
Slumdog Millionaire - "Jai Ho"
Anwar - "Vijana Theeram"
Veer (2010) - "Taali"
Atithi Tum Kab Jaoge? (2010) - "Jyoti Jalaile"
Dabangg - "Hud Hud Dabangg"
Raavan - "Thok De Killi"
Ishqiya - "Ibn-E-Batuta"
Me Shivajiraje Bhosale Boltoy - "O Raje"
Ringa Ringa - "Ghe Sawarun"
Maa Tere Jaisa - "Bolo Raam"
Man Chandre - Connections (Album)
Blue - "Aaj Dil Gustakh Hai"
Kurbaan (2009) - "Dua"
Kaminey - "Bhag Hag"
Jag Jeondeyan De Mele (2009) - "Rang Rangia"
Billu Barber - "Marjaani"
Kumbaaraki (2009) - "Kaaranji"
Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi - "Haule Haule"
Bachna Ae Haseeno - "Jogi Mahi"
Fashion - "Fashion Ka Jalwa"
Bhootnath - "Banku"
Chak De India - "Chak De India"
Om Shanti Om - "Dard-e-Disco"
Tashan - "Dance Maar", "Dil Haara"
Jaane Tu Ya Jaane Na - "Jaane Tu Meri Kya Hai"
Halla Bol
Black and White (2008) - "Haq Allah", "Peer Manava", "Main Chala", "Jogi Aaya"
Jhoom Barabar Jhoom (2007)
Chhodon Naa Yaar (2007)
Kaisay Kahein (2007)
Shootout at Lokhandwala (2007) - "Nashe Mein"
Shaadi Se Pehle (2006) - "Bijuriya"
Bombay Skies (2006)
Jaane Hoga Kya (2006)
Jaan-E-Mann (2006) - "Jaane Ke Jaane Na"
Omkara (2006) - Title song and "Beedhi"
Mangal Pandey: The Rising - "Takey Takey"
Water (2005) - "Aayo Re Sakhi", "Bhangari Morori", "Piya Ho"
Paheli (2005) - "Phir Raat Kati"
Dosti: Friends Forever (2005)
Ek Ajnabee (2005)
Ek Khiladi Ek Haseena (2005) - "Nasha"
Garam Masala (2005) - "Chori Chori"
Ramji Londonwaley (2005)
Bunty Aur Babli (2005)
Shabd (2005)
Padmashree Laloo Prasad Yadav (2005)
Kisna: The Warrior Poet (2005) - "Ahambramasmi", "Woh Din Aa Gaya", "Woh Kisna Hai"
Classic Dance of Love (2005)
Musafir (2004) - "Mahi Ve","Saaki Saaki".
Naach (2004)
Ghilli (2004) -Arjunaru Villu
Madhoshi (2004)
Meenaxi: A Tale of Three Cities (2004) - "Chinnamma Chilakkamma"
Khakee (2004)
Sssshhh... (2003)
Tere Naam (2003) - "Lagaan Lagi"
Calcutta Mail (2003)
Supari (2003)
Chalte Chalte (2003) - "Layi Ve Na Gaye"
Kaise Kahoon Ke... Pyaar Hai (2003)
Baaz: A Bird in Danger (2003)
Dum (2003)
Anubhav: An Experience (2003)
Border Hindustan Ka (2003)
Udhaya (2003) - "Thiruvallikkeri Rani"
Kaante (2002)
Karz: The Burden of Truth (2002)
Annarth (2002)
Shakthi: The Power (2002)
Yeh Hai Jalwa (2002)
The Legend of Bhagat Singh (2002) - "Desh Mere Desh", "Dil Se Niklegi", "Kasam Tumko Watan", "Pagdi Sambhal Jatta", "Shora So Pahchaniye"
Na Tum Jaano Na Hum (2002)
Junoon (2002)
Little John (2002)
Monsoon Wedding (2001) - "Aaj Mera Jee Kardaa"
Bas Itna Sa Khwaab Hai (2001)
Aks (2001)
Yaadein (2001)
Lagaan: Once Upon a Time in India (2001) - "Mitwa", "Ghanan Ghanan"
One 2 Ka 4 (2001) - "Allay Allay"
Zubeidaa (2001) - "Main Albeli"
Mrugaraaju (2001)
12B (2001)
Raja Ko Rani Se Pyar Ho Gaya (2000)
Kurukshetra (2000)
Astitva (2000)
Jungle (2000)
Refugee (2000)
Devi Putrudu (2000)
Hum To Mohabbat Karega (2000) - "Lai Liya"
Khauff (2000)
Annayya (2000) - "Aata Kavala Pata Kavala"
Shaheed Uddham Singh: Alais Ram Mohammad Singh Azad (2000)
Jaanwar (1999)
Thakshak (1999) - "Dholna"
Khoobsurat (1999)
Dillagi (1999)
Panchayyat (1999)
Seenu (1999)
Biwi No.1 (1999)
Phool Aur Aag (1999)
Daag: The Fire (1999) - "Lucky Kabootar"
Dil Kya Kare (1999)
Earth (1998) - "Ruth Aa Gayee Re", "Raat Ki Daldal Hain", "Yeh Jo Zindagi Hain"
Dil Se.. (1998) - "Chaiyya Chaiyya"
Taal (1998) - "Ramta Jogi", "Ni Main Samajh Gayee", "Kariye Na", "Nahin Samne"
Dus (1997)
Itihaas (1997)
Raghuveer (1995)
Chamatkar (1992)
Kurbaan (1991)
Fateh (1991)
Saudagar (1991)
Nachnewale Gaanewale(1990(Bekadron Se Kar Ke Pyar)(updated by Rehan 143KING143
Ek Chadar Maili Si (1986)
Karma (1986)
Ravoyee Chandamama - Gudu Gudu Guncham-(1999)

External links [link]

Sukhwinder Singh at the Internet Movie Database

v t e Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer

1959–1960	No Award (1959) Mukesh (1960)

1961–1980	Mohammed Rafi (1961) Mohammed Rafi (1962) No Award (1963) Mahendra Kapoor (1964) Mohammed Rafi (1965) No Award (1966) Mohammed Rafi (1967) Mahendra Kapoor (1968) Mohammed Rafi (1969) Kishore Kumar (1970) Mukesh (1971) Manna Dey (1972) Mukesh (1973) Narendra Chanchal (1974) Mahendra Kapoor (1975) Kishore Kumar (1976) Mukesh (1977) Mohammed Rafi (1978) Kishore Kumar (1979) K. J. Yesudas (1980)

1981–2000	Kishore Kumar (1981) Amit Kumar (1982) Kishore Kumar (1983) Kishore Kumar (1984) Kishore Kumar (1985) Kishore Kumar (1986) No Award (1987) No Award (1988) Udit Narayan (1989) S. P. Balasubrahmanyam (1990) Kumar Sanu (1991) Kumar Sanu (1992) Kumar Sanu (1993) Kumar Sanu (1994) Kumar Sanu (1995) Udit Narayan (1996) Udit Narayan (1997) Abhijeet (1998) Sukhwinder Singh (1999) Udit Narayan (2000)

2001–present	Lucky Ali (2001) Udit Narayan (2002) Sonu Nigam (2003) Sonu Nigam (2004) Kunal Ganjawala (2005) Himesh Reshammiya (2006) Shaan and Kailash Kher (2007) Shaan (2008) Sukhwinder Singh (2009) Mohit Chauhan (2010) Rahat Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan (2011) Mohit Chauhan (2012)

Persondata
Name	Singh, Sukhwinder
Alternative names
Short description	Indian singer and Bollywood playback artist.
Date of birth	1971
Place of birth
Date of death
Place of death

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhwinder_Singh

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

Make changes yourself !

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