The President of the French Republic (French: Président de la République française) colloquially referred to in English as the President of France, is France's elected Head of State.
Four of France's five republics have had presidents as their heads of state, making the French presidency the oldest presidency in Europe still to exist in some form. In each of the republics' constitutions, the president's powers, functions and duties, and their relation with French governments differed.
For details about the French system of government see Government of France.
The president of France is also the ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra, Grand Master of the Légion d'honneur and the Ordre national du Mérite and honorary proto-canon of the Basilica of St. John Lateran in Rome.
The current President of the Republic is François Hollande, who took office on 15 May 2012.
The French Fifth Republic is a semi-presidential system. Unlike many other European presidents, the office of the French President is quite powerful. Although it is the Prime Minister of France and parliament that oversee much of the nation's actual lawmaking, the French President wields significant influence. The president holds the nation's most senior office, and outranks all other politicians.
France (English i/ˈfræns/ FRANSS or /ˈfrɑːns/ FRAHNSS; French: [fʁɑ̃s] ( listen)), officially the French Republic (French: République française [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is often referred to as l’Hexagone ("The Hexagon") because of the geometric shape of its territory. It is the largest western European country and it possesses the second-largest exclusive economic zone in the world, covering 11,035,000 km2 (4,260,000 sq mi), just behind that of the United States (11,351,000 km2 / 4,383,000 sq mi).
Over the past 500 years, France has been a major power with strong cultural, economic, military and political influence in Europe and around the world. During the 17th and 18th centuries, France colonised great parts of North America and Southeast Asia; during the 19th and early 20th centuries, France built the second largest colonial empire of the time, including large portions of North, West and Central Africa, Southeast Asia, and many Caribbean and Pacific Islands.
François Gérard Georges Nicolas Hollande (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃swa ɔlɑ̃d]; born 12 August 1954) is the 24th President of the French Republic and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra. He previously served as the First Secretary of the French Socialist Party from 1997 to 2008 and as a Deputy of the National Assembly of France for Corrèze's 1st Constituency from 1988 to 1993 and then again from 1997 to 2012. He also served as the Mayor of Tulle from 2001 to 2008 and the President of the General Council of Corrèze from 2008 to 2012.
He was elected President of France on 6 May 2012, defeating the incumbent Nicolas Sarkozy, and was inaugurated on 15 May. He is the second Socialist President of the Fifth French Republic, after François Mitterrand who served from 1981 to 1995.
Hollande was born in Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Upper Normandy, to a middle-class family. His mother, Nicole Frédérique Marguerite Tribert (1927–2009), was a social worker, and his father, Georges Gustave Hollande, an ear, nose, and throat doctor who "had once run for the extreme right in local politics." The surname "Hollande" is "believed to come from Calvinist ancestors who escaped Holland (the Netherlands) in the 16th century and took the name of their old country." Hollande was raised Catholic but quietly rebelled against the strict religious brothers chosen by his father to educate him. The family moved to Neuilly, a suburb of Paris, when Hollande was 13.
Barack Hussein Obama II (i/bəˈrɑːk huːˈseɪn oʊˈbɑːmə/; born August 4, 1961) is the 44th and current President of the United States. He is the first African American to hold the office. In January 2005, Obama was sworn in as a U.S. Senator in the state of Illinois. He would hold this office until November 2008, when he resigned following his victory in the 2008 presidential election.
Born in Honolulu, Hawaii, Obama is a graduate of Columbia University and Harvard Law School, where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. He was a community organizer in Chicago before earning his law degree. He worked as a civil rights attorney in Chicago and taught constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School from 1992 to 2004. He served three terms representing the 13th District in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004.
Following an unsuccessful bid against the Democratic incumbent for a seat in the United States House of Representatives in 2000, Obama ran for the United States Senate in 2004. Several events brought him to national attention during the campaign, including his victory in the March 2004 Illinois Democratic primary for the Senate election and his keynote address at the Democratic National Convention in July 2004. He won election to the U.S. Senate in Illinois in November 2004. His presidential campaign began in February 2007, and after a close campaign in the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries against Hillary Rodham Clinton, he won his party's nomination. In the 2008 presidential election, he defeated Republican nominee John McCain, and was inaugurated as president on January 20, 2009. Nine months later, Obama was named the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize laureate. In April 2011, he announced that he would be running for re-election in 2012.
Joseph Michel Martelly (born 12 February 1961), also known by his stage name "Sweet Micky", is a Haitian politician, former musician and businessman. Since 2011 he is the President of Haiti.
On 4 April 2011, a senior Haitian official announced that Martelly had won the second round of the election against candidate Mirlande Manigat. He assumed his position of the President of Haiti on May 14, 2011.
Martelly was born in Port-au-Prince, the middle-class son of a super market supervisor. Martelly is a self-taught keyboard player and mango seller. After graduating from high school, Martelly briefly worked for a construction company in the United States before he enlisted in the Haitian Military Academy. In 1986, after one semester, he returned to Haiti just as Jean-Claude Duvalier, then president-for-life, was heading into exile. Martelly later returned to the U.S. with his then-girlfriend, Sophia, whom he later married in a small ceremony in Miami, Florida.
Upon their return to Haiti, Martelly had his first breakthrough in the music industry when he began playing keyboard as a fill-in musician in local venues in Pétionville and Kenscoff, upscale suburbs of Port-au-Prince.
Plot
Based loosely on the real-life story of the World War I spy. The exotic dancer uses her contacts in European high society, along with her seductive charm, to collect military secrets during the war. She successfully plays both sides against each other until at last her deceptions catch up with her.
Keywords: 1910s, agent, bare-breasts, berlin-germany, blindfold, bomb, cathedral, character-name-in-title, court-trial, dance
Infamous in her time; a legend in ours.
When she danced, their secrets flowed like wine.
A dangerous lover. A treacherous spy. A beautiful seductress.
Plot
Inspector Clouseau disappears, and the Surete wants the world's second best detective to look for him. However, Clouseau's enemy, Dreyfus, rigs the Surete's computer to select, instead, the world's WORST detective, NYPD Sgt. Clifton Sleigh. Sleigh obtusely bungles his way past assassins and corrupt officials as though he were Clouseau's American cousin.
Keywords: 1980s, animated-credits, animated-title-sequence, box-office-flop, bumbling, butler, cartoon-on-tv, clouseau, color-in-title, computer
Valencia Police Chief: Is that Slay as in to kill?::Sergeant Clifton Sleigh: No. That's Sleigh as in one horse open.
Countess Chandra: Darling?::Chief Insp. Jacques Clouseau: Yes, my darling?::Countess Chandra: You're smoking the wrong end.::Chief Insp. Jacques Clouseau: Yes... I knew that. You don't have to tell me I am smoking zhe wrong end. Do you know why I am smoking zhe wrong end?::Countess Chandra: No darling, but I'm sure you've got a very good reason.::Chief Insp. Jacques Clouseau: You're Right! I am smoking on zhe wrong end, because I have a very good reason.
Sergeant Clifton Sleigh: [offering photograph] Do you know this man?::Chief Insp. Jacques Clouseau: No! I have never seen this person ever in my life! Never!::Sergeant Clifton Sleigh: It's Inspector Clouseau.::Chief Insp. Jacques Clouseau: *Chief* Inspector.::Countess Chandra: *That's* Inspector Clouseau.::Chief Insp. Jacques Clouseau: *Chief* Inspector!::Sergeant Clifton Sleigh: You know him?::Countess Chandra: Yes!::Chief Insp. Jacques Clouseau: What?
Doctor: Don't kiss him too hard, his lips might fall off.
Taxi Driver: Damn! Who the hell is trying to kill you?::Sergeant Clifton Sleigh: I don't know!::Taxi Driver: [Scene cuts briefly to car chase] Maybe they're trying to kill me. Who would want to kill me? No, no, no it couldn't be my wife, she doesn't drive.::Sergeant Clifton Sleigh: Well, whoever it is you gotta try an' lose 'em.::Taxi Driver: When somebody's shooting at you, you gotta do better than trying.
Countess Chandra: We have a problem, Julie's in hospital. The man Chief Fagilla says shot her with the tranquilizer dart has escaped. Chief Fagilla says the man was impersonating Sergent Sleigh. Doesn't make sense, Julie knew what Sleigh looked like.::Doctor: Sometimes it is possible to look like one person but actually be another. [Finishes removing bandages] Ta-da!::Countess Chandra: My God! It's fantastic. Oh darling. [Kisses figure in chair]::Doctor: Don't kiss him too hard, his lips might fall off.::Countess Chandra: [Breaks from kiss] What?::Doctor: Just a little surgical humor.
Sergeant Francois Duval: [Visiting Dreyfus in hospital after Sergent Sleigh knocked him out his office window] Is there anything I can do for you? [Dreyfus groans in pain] Are you in much pain?::Chief Insp. Charles LaRousse Dreyfus: My leg hurts, but my throat is killing me.::Sergeant Francois Duval: You nearly choked to death on a goldfish::Chief Insp. Charles LaRousse Dreyfus: Where is he?::Sergeant Francois Duval: I don't know, I don't think they kept it.::Chief Insp. Charles LaRousse Dreyfus: Not the fish! Detective Sleigh!
Sergeant Francois Duval: [answers call] Oh it's you, good afternoon, where are you?::Chief Insp. Jacques Clouseau: [lying in a hospital bed and wrapped in heaps of bandages] I am in agony.
Chief Insp. Jacques Clouseau: By the way, we have not been properly introduced. You of course know who I am.::Sergeant Clifton Sleigh: Sergeant Sleigh.::Chief Insp. Jacques Clouseau: No, I am not Sergeant Sleigh.::Sergeant Clifton Sleigh: No, 'I'm' Sergeant Sleigh.::Chief Insp. Jacques Clouseau: Oh yes! Now we are getting somewhere.
Prof. Auguste Balls: [In reference to Cunny] He can whip you up a very nice suit with two pairs of pants while you wait; what do you say?::Sergeant Clifton Sleigh: Uh... no, you see I'm investigating...::Prof. Auguste Balls: Of course you're investigating! You're a policeman. I knew that the moment you walked into my emporium: Your courage, your alertness, the way your eyes take in everything. I immediately said to myself "Balls, this is a policeman's policeman." [Begins taking Sleigh's measurements]
Plot
The famous "Dreyfus Case" where a Jewish captain in the French Army is falsely accused of treason. He is sentenced to imprisonment on Devil's Island. When the real traitor is found the French Army tries to hide the truth.
Keywords: anti-semitism, based-on-book, false-accusation, france, wrongful-conviction
Émile Zola: This Esterhazy is one of the most glorious liars that ever drew breath. Why, the authority of it, the poise; the man's a genius!