Young Bosnia (Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian: Mlada Bosna or Млада Босна) was a revolutionary movement active before World War I, the members were predominantly school students who were ethnic Serbs, but included Bosniaks. The motivation and goals of the group is disputed among historians between either being a Serbian nationalist (Unification of Serbs under foreign rule) or a Pan-Yugoslav (Unification of South Slavs, Pan-Slavic) organization.

It was formed before World War I in Bosnia and Herzegovina, with significant influence from Serbia.

Two notable organizations are often referred to under the banner Young Bosnia: the "Narodna Odbrana" and the "Black Hand." During a Serbian kangaroo court in French-occupied Salonika in 1916-1917, Chief of Serbian Military Intelligence Dragutin Dimitrijević Apis testified that he had organized the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, in Sarajevo on June 28th, 1914, (the assassin was Gavrilo Princip). In the process, he used not only his power over elements of the Serbian military, but also the Black Hand. Leaders of the Black Hand in turn had penetrated the "Narodna Obrana" and used the Narodna organization to infiltrate the arms and assassins into Sarajevo.

Gavrilo Princip (Serbian Cyrillic: Гаврило Принцип, pronounced [ɡǎʋrilɔ prǐntsip]; 25 July [O.S. 13 July] 1894 – 28 April 1918) was the man who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife, Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914. Princip and his accomplices were arrested and implicated a number of members of the Serbian military, leading Austria-Hungary to issue a démarche to Serbia known as the July Ultimatum. This set off a chain of events that led to World War I. Princip was a Yugoslav nationalist associated with the movement Mlada Bosna (Young Bosnia) which predominantly consisted of Serbs, but also Bosniaks and Croats. During his trial he stated "I am a Yugoslav nationalist, aiming for the unification of all Yugoslavs, and I do not care what form of state, but it must be free from Austria."

Gavrilo Princip was born in Obljaj, a poor part of Bosnia, which was then in the Austria-Hungary empire. His parents, Petar, a postman, and Marija (née Mićić) had nine children, six of whom died in infancy. His impoverished parents could not provide for him and sent him to live with an older brother in Zagreb, now the capital of Croatia.

Anders Fogh Rasmussen (Danish pronunciation: [ˈɑnɐs ˈfɔʊ̯ˀ ˈʁɑsmusn̩] ( listen); born 26 January 1953) is a Danish politician, and the 12th and current Secretary General of NATO. Rasmussen served as Prime Minister of Denmark from 27 November 2001 to 5 April 2009.

Anders Fogh Rasmussen was the leader of the Liberal Party (Venstre), and headed a right-wing coalition with the Conservative People's Party which took office in 2001, and won its second and third terms in February 2005 and in November 2007. Rasmussen's government relied on the Danish People's Party for support, in keeping with the Danish tradition for minority government. His government introduced tougher limits on non-ECA immigration and froze tax rates before he took office (the "tax freeze", or skattestoppet in Danish). He has authored several books about taxation and government structure.

In his early career, Rasmussen was a strident critic of the welfare state, writing the classical liberal book From Social State to Minimal State in 1993. However, through the 1990s, his views moved towards the political centre. Under Rasmussen, certain taxes were lowered, but the Conservative coalition partners repeatedly argued for more tax cuts and a flat tax rate at no higher than 50%. Fogh implemented an administrative reform reducing the number of municipalities (kommuner) and replacing the thirteen counties (amter) with five regions. Rasmussen referred to this as "the biggest reform in thirty years".