Geology (from the Greek γῆ, gê, "earth" and λόγος, logos, "study") is the science comprising the study of solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which it evolves. Geology gives insight into the history of the Earth, as it provides the primary evidence for plate tectonics, the evolutionary history of life, and past climates. In modern times, geology is commercially important for mineral and hydrocarbon exploration and for evaluating water resources; is publicly important for the prediction and understanding of natural hazards, the remediation of environmental problems, and for providing insights into past climate change; plays a role in geotechnical engineering; and is a major academic discipline.
The study of the physical material of the Earth dates back at least to ancient Greece when Theophrastus (372-287 BCE) wrote the work Peri Lithon (On Stones). In the Roman period, Pliny the Elder wrote in detail of the many minerals and metals then in practical use, and correctly noted the origin of amber.
Stephen William Hawking, CH, CBE, FRS, FRSA (born 8 January 1942) is a British theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author. His key scientific works to date have included providing, with Roger Penrose, theorems regarding gravitational singularities in the framework of general relativity, and the theoretical prediction that black holes should emit radiation, which is today known as Hawking radiation (or sometimes as Bekenstein–Hawking radiation).
He is an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts, a lifetime member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, and in 2009 was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award in the United States. Hawking was the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge between 1979 and 2009. Subsequently, he became research director at the university's Centre for Theoretical Cosmology.
Hawking has a motor neurone disease related to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a condition that has progressed over the years. He is now almost completely paralysed and communicates through a speech generating device. He has been married twice and has three children. Hawking has achieved success with works of popular science in which he discusses his own theories and cosmology in general; these include A Brief History of Time, which stayed on the British Sunday Times best-sellers list for a record-breaking 237 weeks.
Plot
INTER SCI climatologist Dr. David Kotzman has evidence that a shift in the Earth's polarity triggered the last Ice Age...in a single day. Now, it's happening again, and there's no time to escape. As the temperature plummets, Miami is blasted with snow and ice. Evacuation routes are jammed. The only chance David, his old flame Bryn, and a few other hopeful survivors have is to hole themselves up in a special chamber at INTER SCI. A desperate race for survival is ignited as nature's fury rages and the temperature plunges toward -459.67° F...ABSOLUTE ZERO!
Keywords: ancient-corpse, arctic, beach, bird-migration, blizzard, card-key, cgi, chasm, climatologist, countdown
No Warning. No Time. No Escape. Miami's Never Been So Cold.
[frequently uttered line]::David: Science is never wrong.
David: It's time to throw out all the history books and rewrite everything ever written about the ice age, because science is never wrong.
David: Told you I didn't want any military at the test. You lied to me.::Dr. Veet: I think you misunderstood me, David. I agreed with you that Absolute Zero had no military consideration. I still believe that to be true.::David: Then why were they here?::Dr. Veet: Well, they're as interested in the weather as the rest of us, so why not take advantage of their very deep pockets for research and development, or would you rather I laid off some staff instead?
Dempsy: Climatology, I see you're getting acquainted with Archaeology.::Hershel: [to Davd] Dempsey here likes to call everybody by their degrees.::Dempsy: We're here for a job, gentlemen. There's no need to become emotionally invested in each other.
Jeff: [about college students] They're like new shoes. Hurts like hell when you first get them but soon you find they get quite comfortable.
Dr. Veet: Isn't it fantastic the power that fear has over a government official's checkbook this close to an election?
Phillip: You got any family?::AJ Carmichael: Nope. It's a long story. I had a parakeet once.
AJ Carmichael: [covering Sophie's ears] I don't think we should talk about D-E-A-T-H in front of the K-I-D.::Bryn: The K-I-D is the Miami County spelling bee champion.
Bryn: You have no idea what it feels like to be terrified.::David: Yes, I do.::Bryn: Name one time.::David: Ten years ago.::Bryn: You walked away from me.::David: Yes, I did, because I was scared. I was terrified, and I should have taken the chance... to tell you then that I loved you. That I love you.