Guru Nanak (Punjabi: ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ; Hindi: गुरु नानक, Urdu: گرونانک [ˈɡʊɾu ˈnɑnək] Gurū Nānak) (15 April 1469 – 22 September 1539 at Talwandi (present-day Pakistan)) was the founder of the religion of Sikhism and the first of the ten Sikh Gurus.
The Sikhs believe that all subsequent Gurus possessed Guru Nanak’s divinity and religious authority, and were named "Nanak" in the line of succession.
Guru Nanak was born on 15 April 1469, now celebrated as Prakash Divas of Guru Nanak Dev, into a Hindu Khatri family in the village of Rāi Bhōi dī Talwandī, now called Nankana Sahib, near Lahore, Pakistan. Today, his birthplace is marked by Gurdwara Janam Asthan. Some are of the opinion that 20 October is his enlightenment day rather than his birthday. His father, Kalyan Chand Das Bedi, popularly shortened to Kalu Mehta, was the patwari (accountant) of crop revenue for the village of Talwandi in the employment of a Muslim landlord of that area, Rai Bular Bhatti. Guru Nanak’s mother was Tripta Devi and he had one elder sister, Bibi Nanaki who became a spiritual figure in her own right.
Punjab had gone through an era of Sikh persecution under the Mughal governor of Lahore Zakriya Khan from 1726 to 1745 A.D. The Sikhs of Punjab had taken refuge in the deserts of the Rajputana.
In 1740, the governor of Lahore put Massa Ranghar or Musalul Khan, a Chaudhury of Mandiala as the incharge of the Harmandir Sahib (Golden Temple). Sikhs were not allowed to visit the Harmandir Sahib or to take a dip in the holy waters of its tank (sarovar). Massa Ranghar persecuted the Sikhs and looted the shops and home of Hindus. He watched the dancing girls perform, drank alcohol and smoked hookah inside the Harminder Sahib.
Two residents of Amritsar Tej Ram, a Hindu and Bulaka Singh took this news to a band of Khalsa in the deserts of Bikaner under the leadership of Sardar Sham Singh. Tej Ram and Bulaka Singh narrated their stories to the congregation of Sikhs. After listening Sardar Mehtab Singh Bhangu volunteered to bring Massa Ranghar's head back to Bikaner. Another Sikh, Sardar Sukha Singh of Mari Kamboki also stood up and asked to accompany Mehtab Singh.
Bhai Gurdas (1551 – 25 August 1636) was a Punjabi Sikh writer, historian, preacher and religious figure. He was the original scribe of the Guru Granth Sahib and a companion of four of the Sikh Gurus.
Bhai Gurdas was born in 1551 in Goindwal, a small village in the Punjab. His father was Bhai Ishardas who was a first cousin of Guru Amar Das (see family tree) His mothers name was Jivani and she died in 1554 when Gurdas was only three.
After being orphaned at the age of 12, he was adopted by his uncle Guru Amar Das. He learned Sanskrit, Brajbhasha, Persian and Punjabi (Gurmukhi) and eventually began preaching Sikhism. He spent his early years at Goindval and Sultanpur Lodhi. At Goindval he listened to scholars and swamis who kept visiting the town while traversing the Delhi-Lahore road. He later moved to Varanasi where he studied Sanskrit and Hindu scriptures. There, he was subsequently initiated into Sikhism. After Guru Amar Das died, his successor Guru Ram Das, appointed Gurdas as the Sikh missionary to Agra.
Bigadi Bana Do Santoshi Maata
Kuchh To Karo Maa Santoshi Maata
Arj Suno Mori Santoshi Maata
Vipada Aisi Aan Padi Hain
Ghir Ghir Aaye Kaare Baadal
Dukh Ki Aandhi Tej Chalin Hain
Kirpa Karo, Dukh Ye Haro, Madat Karo
Bigadi Bana Do Santoshi Maata
Dukh Ke Lagaaye ??? Baithe Hain Din Raat
Dard Se Mera Kaho Mera Kaisa Hain Naata
Koyi Nahin Hain Paas Bas Ek Teri Aas
Humko Duja Yahaan Koyi Na Bhata
O Maa Mori Nirbal Mann Ko, Tum Bal Dori, Tum Bal Dori
Kirpa Karo, Dukh Ye Haro, Madat Karo
Bigadi Bana Do Santoshi Maata
Vipada Aisi Aan Padi Hain
Ghir Ghir Aaye Kaare Baadal
Dukh Ki Aandhi Tej Chali Hain
Kirpa Karo, Dukh Ye Haro, Madat Karo
Bigadi Bana Do Santoshi Maata
Maa Aa Aa Aa... Santoshi Maa Aa Aa...