The Macrobians were an ancient people and kingdom positioned in the Horn of Africa during the 1st millennium BC.

The Macrobians are mentioned by Herodotus as being a people that had mastered longevity, with the average Macrobian living until the age of 120. They were said to be the "tallest and handsomest of all men". This may suggest relations with the Sabeans (Sebaim), who are similarly described in the Bible as "men of stature".

The Macrobians were part of an expanse of related peoples, kinsmen of the Ancient Egyptians, that inhabited an area stretching northward into Egypt and North Africa. At the same time, they were reported as being physically distinct from the general inhabitants of the region below the Sahara.

Upon conquering Ancient Egypt, the Persian Emperor Cambyses II sent ambassadors to Macrobia, bringing luxury gifts for the Macrobian King to entice his submission. The Macrobian ruler, who was elected based at least in part on stature, replied instead with a challenge for his Persian counterpart in the form of an unstrung bow: if the Persians could manage to string it, they would have the right to invade his country; but until then, they should thank the gods that the Macrobians never decided to invade their empire.